机械图纸中常见的符号及意义(中英文)

直度-一个条件，一个面元素或轴是一条直线。 Straightness - a condition where an element of a surface or an axis is a straight line.     平整度-是条件，表面有所有的元素在一个平面。 Flatness - is the condition of a surface having all elements in one plane.   圆度-描述条件对革命的表面（圆柱，圆锥，球）在所有点的表面相交的任何飞机。 Roundness - describes the condition on a surface of revolution (cylinder, cone, sphere) where all points of the surface intersected by any plane.   圆柱度-描述了一个条件的旋转面，使所有的点面距离相等，一个共同的旋转轴。 Cylindricity - describes a condition of a surface of revolution in which all points of a surface are equidistant from a common axis.   线轮廓度-是条件允许量相同的剖面变化，醚单边或双边，沿着一条线元素的特征。 Profile of a Line - is the condition permitting a uniform amount of profile variation, ether unilaterally or bilaterally, along a line element of a feature.   面轮廓度-是条件允许量相同的剖面变化，醚单边或双边，上表面。Profile of a Surface - is the condition permitting a uniform amount of profile variation, ether unilaterally or bilaterally, on a surface.   周围标志-表明公差适用于所有周围的部分表面。 All Around Symbol - indicating that a tolerance applies to surfaces all around the part   倾斜度-是表面，轴，或中线，这是从某一特定角度基准平面或轴。Angularity - is the condition of a surface, axis, or centerplane, which is at a specified angle from a datum plane or axis.   垂直度-条件是表面，轴，或线，这是90度的基准平面或基准轴 Perpendicularity - is the condition of a surface, axis, or line, which is 90 deg. From a datum plane or a datum axis   平行度-一个表面，线，或轴，这是等距离的所有点，基准平面或轴。Parallelism - is the condition of a surface, line, or axis, which is equidistant at all points from a datum plane or axis.   位置公差-定义一个区域内的轴或中心平面的一个特点是允许不同的真正的（理论上精确）位置。 Position Tolerance - defines a zone within which the axis or center plane of a feature is permitted to vary from true (theoretically exact) position.   同心度-描述在其中一个条件的2个或更多的功能，在任何组合，有一个共同的旋转轴。 Concentricity - describes a condition in which two or more features , in any combination, have a common axis.   对称度 -是一种状况，其中一个功能（或功能）是处理有关对称中心平面基准特征。 Symmetry - is a condition in which a feature (or features) is symmetrically disposed about the center plane of a datum feature.   跳动-是复合偏离理想形式的一部分表面上通过革命旋转（360度）的一部分，在基准轴 Runout - is the composite deviation from the desired form of a part surface of revolution through on full rotation (360 deg) of the part on a datum axis.   全跳动-是同时复合控制所有表面元素在所有圆轮廓测量位置的部分是通过旋转360。 Total Runout - is the simultaneous composite control of all elements of a surface at all circular and profile measuring positions as the part is rotated through 360. 最大材料状态（三菱）-是条件的一部分功能其中包含的最高金额材料在规定的极限尺寸。那就是：最小孔尺寸和最大轴尺寸。 Maximum Material Condition (MMC) - is that condition of a part feature wherein it contains the maximum amount ofmaterial within the stated limits of size. That is: minimum hole size and maximum shaft size.   最小材料状态（落马洲）-意味着条件的一部分功能的大小，其中也包含了最小（最低）的材料，例子，最大孔尺寸和最小轴径。它的对面是最大材料状态。 Least Material Condition (LMC) - implies that condition of a part feature of size wherein it contains the least (minimum) amount of material, examples, largest hole size and smallest shaft size. It is opposite to maximum material condition.     不论大小的特征（范畴专题）-的情况下，形状公差，跳动或位置必须满足，不论在哪里，它的特点是在其尺寸公差。 Regardless Of Feature Size (RFS) - the condition where the tolerance of form, runout or location must be met irrespective of where the feature lies within its size tolerance   投影公差区-适用于孔内的销，螺栓，螺钉，等等，是插入。它控制孔的垂直度的程度的预测从洞，因为它涉及到交配的一部分清除。投影公差区延伸高于地面的部分功能的针的长度，螺栓，螺钉相对于其组装与交配的一部分。 Projected Tolerance Zone - applies to a hole in which a pin, stud, screw, etc., is to be inserted. It controls the perpendicularity of the hole to the extent of the projection from the hole and as it relates to the mating part clearance. The projected tolerance zone extends above the surface of the part to the functional length of the pin, stud, and screw relative to its assembly with the mating part.   切平面-切面显示。该标志被放置在特征控制框后表示宽容。 Tangent Plane - indicating a tangent plane is shown. The symbol is placed in the feature control frame following the stated tolerance.   自由状态的变化-是一个用来描述失真部分去除后的部队在加工过程中的应用 Free State Variations - is a term used to describe distortion of a part after removal of forces applied during manufacture.   直径-圆形特征时使用的显示领域的绘图或表明，宽容是针锋相对的当用在特征控制 框架 财政支出绩效评价指标框架幼儿园园本课程框架学校德育工作框架世界古代史知识框架质量保证体系框架图 Diameter - indicates a circular feature when used on the field of a drawing or indicates that the tolerance is diametrical when used in a feature control frame   基本尺寸-用来描述的确切尺寸，轮廓，方向或位置的一个特征。一个基本的层面总是与特征控制框架或基准目标。（理论上精确尺寸 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 ） Basic Dimension - used to describe the exact size, profile, orientation or location of a feature. A basic dimension is always associated with a feature control frame or datum target. (Theoretically exact dimension in ISO)   参考尺寸-尺寸通常不容忍使用，仅供参考。它不适用于生产或检验业务。（辅助尺寸标准） Reference Dimension - a dimension usually without tolerance, used for information purposes only. It does not govern production or inspection operations. (Auxiliary dimension in ISO)   基准特征-实际是用来建立一个基准组件特征. Datum Feature - is the actual component feature used to establish a datum.   尺寸源-表示维源于飞机由短和三维表面的限制适用于其他表面 Dimension Origin -Signifies that the dimension originates from the plane established by the shorter surface and dimensional limits apply to the other surface.   特征控制框-矩形盒包含几何特征符号，和形式，或位置公差。如果需要，参照基准和改性剂适用于功能或数据也包含在箱。 Feature Control Frame - is a rectangular box containing the geometric characteristics symbol, andthe form, runout or location tolerance. If necessary, datum references and modifiers applicable to the feature or the datums are also contained in the box.     圆锥锥度-是用来表明锥度锥度。这个符号是始终显示垂直腿向左。Conical Taper - is used to indicate taper for conical tapers. This symbol is always shown with the vertical leg to the left.   斜坡度-是用来表明坡平锥度。这个符号是始终显示垂直腿向左。Slope - is used to indicate slope for flat tapers. This symbol is always shown with the vertical leg to the left.   沉孔或锪平-是用来表示一个扩孔或空口平面。符号之前的尺寸的扩孔或空口平面，没有空间                      Counterbore/Spotface - is used to indicate a counterbore or a spotface. The symbol precedes the dimension of the counterbore or spotface, with no space   埋头孔-是用来表示一个锪。符号之前的尺寸的锪没有空间。Countersink - is used to indicate a countersink. The symbol precedes the dimensions of the countersink with no space.   深度-是用来表明，一方面适用于深度的特征。这个符号之前的深度值之间没有空间。                                    Depth/Deep - is used to indicate that a dimension applies to the depth of a feature. This symbol precedes the depth value with no space in between.   正方形-是用来表明，一个单一的尺寸适用于方形。符号之前的尺寸之间没有空间。                                        Square - is used to indicate that a single dimension applies to a square shape. The symbol precedes the dimension with no space between.   相同的地方-是用来与一个值显示的次数维度或特征是反复的绘制。Number of Places - the X is used along with a value to indicate the number of times a dimension or feature is repeated on the drawing.   电弧长度-表明，维弧长度测量曲面轮廓。符号放在上面的维度。  Arc Length - indicating that a dimension is an arc length measured on a curved outline. The symbol is placed above the dimension.   半径-创建一个区域定义的弧（最大和最小半径）。零件表面必须躺在这个区域。                                          Radius - creates a zone defined by two arcs (the minimum and maximum radii). The part surface must lie within this zone δ 厚度  新代词（t） 球面半径-之前的价值维度或耐受性。                    Spherical Radius - precedes the value of a dimension or tolerance. EQS 均布-平均分布到某各部位 球形直径公差值-前应在指定的公差值代表球区。此外，一个位置公差可能被用来控制的位置，一个球形特征相对于其他特征的一部分。符号为球形直径之前的尺寸大小的特征和位置公差值，表明一个球形公差带                                              Spherical Diameter - shall precede the tolerance value where the specified tolerance value represents spherical zone. Also, a positional tolerance may be used to control the location of a spherical feature relative to other features of a part. The symbol for spherical diameter precedes the size dimension of the feature and the positional tolerance value, to indicate a spherical tolerance zone     控制半径-创造了一个宽容的定义双圆弧（最大和最小半径），切向相邻表面。其中一个控制半径是指定的，部分轮廓公差带内的月牙形必定是一个公平的曲线没有单位或逆转。此外，半径在所有点上的部分轮廓不应小于规定的最低限额也不大于最大限度。      Controlled Radius - creates a tolerance zone defined by two arcs (the minimum and maximum radii) that are tangent to the adjacent surfaces. Where a controlled radius is specified, the part contour within the crescent-shaped tolerance zone must be a fair curve without flats or reversals. Additionally, radii taken at all points on the part contour shall neither be smaller than the specified minimum limit nor larger than the maximum limit. C 45°倒角 之间-表明一个外形公差适用于几个连续的功能，可以指定在外形公差的开始和结束。这些信件是参考使用符号（1994）或词之间的图纸发到早期版本的标准。                                Between - to indicate that a profile tolerance applies to several contiguous features, letters may designate where the profile tolerance begins and ends. These letters are referenced using the between symbol (since 1994) or the word between on drawings made to earlier versions of the Standard.   统计公差-是分配公差相关装配部件的基础上，统计（如装配公差等于平方根的平方和个别公差）。应用统计公差，公差个别组件可以增加或间隙配合的零件可减少。增加容忍或改进适合可能降低制造成本和提高产品的性能，但只应在适当的统计过程控制将被使用。因此，应考虑到指定所需的处长和/或血清或其他过程性能指数。  Statistical Tolerance - is the assigning of tolerances to related components of an assembly on the basis of sound statistics (such as the assembly tolerance is equal to the square root of the sum of the squares of the individual tolerances). By applying statistical tolerancing, tolerances of individual components may be increased or clearances between mating parts may be reduced. The increased tolerance or improved fit may reduce manufacturing cost or improve the product's performance, but shall only be employed where the appropriate statistical process control will be used. Therefore, consideration should be given to specifying the required Cp and /or Cpk or other process performance indices.     基准目标-是一个指定的点，线，或地区的一部分，用于建立基准参考飞机制造及检验业务。 Datum Target - is a specified point, line, or area on a part that is used to establish the Datum Reference Plane for manufacturing and inspection operations.         靶点显示的基准目标点三维位于直接表面的看法。          Target Point - indicates where the datum target point is dimensionally located on the direct view of the surface.