状语从句讲解及习题附答案

.状语从句（一）状语从句概述定义状语从句用作状语，是起副词作用的句子。位置状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，时间、条件、原因和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开。分类根据其作用可以分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句。作用它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子。（二）状语从句详解时间状语从句引导词用法示例when意为“当⋯的时候”。WhenAliarisnotbelievedwhenhe引导从句的谓语动词可以speaksthetruth.说谎者讲真话是延续性动词，也可以是时也没有人相信。瞬间动词。并且when有’Whenhearrives,Illcallyou.时表示“就在那时”Whenyoulaughandsmile,yourbodyrelaxes.while意为“在⋯的时候，在⋯WhileIwasstandingatthe的同时”。While引导从句window,Isawseveralboys的谓语动词必须是延续性runningalongthestreet.的，发生时间较长，并强WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,调主句和从句的动作同时hiswifewascooking.发生（或者相对应）。While有时还可以表示对比。as意为“一边⋯一边⋯”。Thewriterwasangryashewas;..As引导的动作是延续性的，发生时间较短，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调一前一后。after意为“在⋯之后”。表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句与从句的动作时间关系与before引导的从句相反。before意为“在⋯之前”。引导的从句不用否定形式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作的先后。till意为“直到”。一般情况下可以和until互换。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和.travellingonatraintoLondonbecausesomeonehadinvadedhis“space”.Hesmiledashestoodup.Withmanyhungryvisitorswaiting,don’tstaytoolongatyourtableafteryouhavefinished.Ifanearlyexitisnecessary,youcanleaveafterasceneisover.Youcan’twatchTVbeforeyoufinishyourhomework.Beforeitended,thetheatrewasalmostempty.MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived.Shedidn’tevenknowthatitwasanearthquaketillshesawashaking(movingfromsidetoside)light.Thefiremanworkedveryhardtillthefirewasout.;...否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。until意为“直到”。在强调句型中多用until。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定和否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。since意为“自从，从⋯以来”。引导从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在Itis+时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。assoonas意为“一⋯就⋯”。引导时间状语从句时，如果主句用了将来时，从句一般使用现在时。I’mwaitingformysister.Iwon’tgotoseemyuncleuntilshecomes.WaituntilIfinishwhatIamdoing.IhavebeenstudyinghardsinceIenteredthehighschool.ItisfouryearssincemysisterlivedinBeijing.ItisfiveyearsmonthssinceourbosswasnotinBeijing.Tomwillcallmeassoonashegetshome.IwillcallyouassoonasIarrive.2.地点状语从句引导词用法示例where意为“哪里”。“where引导Wherethereisawill,thereis的地点状语从句，（there+）away.主句”“哪里⋯哪里就⋯”。Theyweregoodpersons.;...主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there.wherever意为“无论何地”。anywhere/wherever引导地点状语从句+主句。anywhere本身是个副词，但是常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相当于wherever,Wheretheywent,theretheywerewarmlywelcomed.Youshouldhaveputthebookwhereyoufoundit.Wherevertheseais,youwillfindseaman.I’llgoanywhereyougo.anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。3.条件状语从句引导词用法示例if连词，意为“假如，如果”。Don’ttalkloudlyatthe当主句是将来时的时候，meeting.Ifyoudo,youwill从句要用一般现在时。havetoleave.We’llgoforapicnicifitdoesn’trainthisweekend.unless连词，意为“除非（=ifDon’tdiscusstheproblemsnot）。当主句是将来时的withyourpartnerunlessyou时候，从句要用一般现在areaskedtodoso.时。Iwon’tgothereunlessyoucomewithme.;..4.原因状语从句引导词用法as意为“因为”。引导原因状语从句时表示附带。说明“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活（常放于主句之前）。since意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由（通常被翻译成“既然”），较为正式，语气比because弱。because意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后，表述直接原因，语气较强，最适合why引导的疑问句。Because引导的原因状语从句有时可以与becauseof短语互换。for意为“因为”。引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说.示例Astheweatheriscold,Istayathome.Asitisraining,you’dbettertakeataxi.Asyouaretired,you’dbetterrest.Sincetheearthlookslikeaball,thesuncanshineononlyhalfofitatatime.SincetheraceisinApril,Ihadtorunthroughoutthewinter,andinBoston,wintersarecold.Sinceeverybodyishere.Let'sbeginourmeeting.Thewomanpreferswinterbecauseshecanskate.I’dliketocollectstampsbecausetheyareinteresting.I’mverytiredthesedaysbecauseofstudyingphysics.Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.Hecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.Hecouldnothaveseenme,for;...明，for引导的原因状语从Iwasnotthere.句只能放于主句之后，并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。5.目的状语从句引导词用法示例sothat意为“以至，以便”。目Trytospeakloudenoughsothat的状语的谓语常含有peoplecanhearyouclearly.may,might,can,could,Mr.Greenspeaksveryloudlysoshould,would等情态动thatallthepeoplecanhearhim词。clearly.inorder意为“为了”，相当于soWeshallletyouknowthethatthat.inorderto后面可以detailssooninorderthatyou跟动词原形构成目的状can/maymakeaarrangements.语，不是目的状语从句。6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例so⋯that意为“如此⋯以至于⋯”。Thisyearithasrainedsoso+adj./adv.原级+that,so是heavilyinSouthChinathat副词，只能修饰形容词和副lotsofproblemsarecaused.词。so还可与表示数量的形Theiceonthelakewasso容词many,few,much,thinthatpeoplecouldn’tlittle(这四个形容词表示多skateonit.或少时)连用,形成固定搭Toooften,wespendsomuch配。so+many或few+复数timethinkingaboutthefuture可数名词+that;so+much或thatwefailtoenjoythelittle+不可数名词+that.present.;..such..that意为“如此⋯以至于⋯”。有三种结构：such+a(an)+adj.+单数不可数名词+that;such(+adj.)+不可数名词+that;such(+adj.)+复数可数名词+that,such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。有时可与so⋯that句型转换。.TherearesofewnotebooksthatIcan’tgiveyouany.It’ssuchawonderfulsongthatwealllikeit.Simonissuchdishonestpersonthatnoonebelieveshim.Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tgotoschool.7.让步状语从句引导词用法示例though意为“虽然”。不能和butSoithasliveduptonow连用。但是可以同yet(still)thoughitisn'tstrongatall.连用，构成Thoughtheyaretwin⋯though较brothers,theydon’tlooklikethoughyet(still).普遍，常用于非正式的口语eachother.和书面语中。even能和Evenif/Eventhoughwethough组合表示强调，在这couldaffordit,wewould里eventhough=evenif(noaffordit,wewouldn’tgomatterif;though即使⋯abroadforourvacation.也⋯)。though可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，意为allthesame(还是；仍然)或however(可是；然而)。although意为“虽然”。不能和butAlthoughhediedseveral连用。但是可以同yet(still)yearsago,Icanstill;...连用，构成although⋯yet(still).although较为正式，语气比though重，常用以强调让步概念。even不能和although组合。rememberthedayswespenttogetherandwhathehastaughtmeaboutlove.Althoughwehadlittlefoodwithus,wedecidedtospendthenightinthecar.比较状语从句引导词用法示例as⋯as...意为“和⋯一样”。表示同Sheisverygoodatpainting.级的比较。使用时要注意Shecanpaintaswellashere第一个as为副词，第二个teacher.as为连词。其基本结构为：Iranoutasquicklyasas+adj./adv原.级+as。若有possible.修饰成分，如twice,threetimes,half,aquarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。notas/意为“和⋯不一样，不如”。Sheisnotso(as)outgoingasso⋯as也表示同级比较。hersister.Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulasyouthink.9.方式状语从句引导词用法as/(just)as...so⋯意为“犹如，就像”。引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as...so⋯结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有示例WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Aswateristofish,soairistoman.;...asif/asthough练习一一.单项填空比喻的含义，意为“正如⋯，就像”，多用于正式文体。意为“就像，好像”。两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。常译作“仿佛⋯似的，好像⋯似的”。Ifwouldneverforgetheresmile,orthewayhereyesshoneasifwewerethesameage.Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helping4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming;...Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;afterIwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.wasIntheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;lessYoushouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttoplay.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unlessWhenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyadayMaryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very_______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif;...18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。MrsBrucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.他长大后相当一名记者。Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.;...如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。LiMingdidn’tcometoolscho__________________________.练习二1.Themeetingdidn'tstart___everyonewasthere.A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if2.Theboy___tobed___hismothercamein.A.wentnot;untilB.didn'tgo;afterC.went;untilD.didn'tgo;untilIwon'tbelieveyou___Ihaveseenitwithmyowneyes.A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when.He___home___shewassatisfied___hisansweryesterday.A.didn'tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;toC.doesn'tgo;before;withD.didn'tgo;until;to5.He___backuntilthework___done.A.isn't;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won'tbe;is6.Theydidn'tstartthework___theirteachercameback.A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.ifTomwillcallmeassoonashe___Shanghai.A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.gettoI'msurehe'llcometoseemebeforehe___Beijing.A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leavesIwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe___back.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.cameTomhasgotawatch.He___itfortwoyears.It_______byhisfather.A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought"'Whenhegottothestation,thetrain___.A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft;...Theboytoldhisfatherwhathe___inthestreet.A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see13.We___TVwhenthetelephone____.A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rangC.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang14.Bytheendoflastterm,I___tenbooks.A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreadingC.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread15.I___youforalongtime.Where___you___?A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;goneC.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven'tseen;have;gone16.Tom___Chinafor3years.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenatIwon'tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI___myticket.A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose18.-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?-Sorry,buthe___foramonth.A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenawayI___himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow20.ZhaoLan___already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying21.Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.A.becauseB.butC.untilD.ifMayIsitnearer___Icanseemoreclearly?A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so___youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.;...A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.AfterI'dliketogoswimming_____thewaterisnottoocold.A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whetherThereare___manyleaguemembersinclass2___inClass4.A.both;andB.'so;thatC.either;orD.as;as-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?-No,wedon't.Atleast,not___yours.A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.biggerasSuzhouisnot____beautiful____Hangzhou.A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;thanIronismoreuseful___anyothermetal.A.asB.thanC.thenD.soIwanttoknow___sheisgoingtoseeafilm.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whichYouaresuretopasstheexam___youstudyhard.A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.sinceI'llgotoseethefilmwithyou___Ihavetimethisevening.A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when___youstudyharder,you'llneverpassthefinalexam.A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Except34.Althoughitwasraining,stillworkedinthefields.A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.andyetthey35.___therewereonlyfivesoldiersleftatthefront,___theywentonfighting.A.Because;soB.If;andC.Though;butD.Though;/___sheisveryold,___shecanstillworkeighthoursaday.A.Because;soB.Though;butC.As;yetD.Though;yetPleaseanswerthequestioninaloudenoughvoice___alltheclassmayhear.A.so,thatB.orC.inorderthatD.andLiftitup___Imayseeit.;...A.thoughB.sothatC.asD.than39.Ihurried___Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A.soB.sothatC.ifD.unlessWeshouldgobybus___wecangetthereearlier.A.assoonasB.whereC.inorderthatD.asThedictionaryissoexpensive___Ican'tbuyit.A.becauseB.whenC.thatD.ifIgotthere___late___Ididn'tseehim.A.too;toB.such;thatC.so;thatD.so;asItis___hotintheroom___wehavetogooutforawalk.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.as;asD.such;asHehas___aninterestingbookthatwewanttoreadit.A.soB.suchC.thesameD.as;...练习一答案一.1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.C9.C10.A11.B12.C13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.D19.C20.B二.1.nomatterwhat;plays2.so;that;regarded;as3.aslongas4.aslongas5.somuchthat6.Thoughshewasbusy7.whenhegrowsup8.Whetherit’s9.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution10.becausehewasill练习二参考答案：1-5BDBAD6-10ACDBD11-15BCBAC16-20BBDBC21-25ABBCC26-30DABBA31-35ACCCD36-40DCBBC41-44CCBB;..