saej287v003

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SAETechnicalStandardsBoardRulesprovidethat:“ThisreportispublishedbySAEtoadvancethestateoftechnicalandengineeringsciences.Theuseofthisreportisentirelyvoluntary,anditsapplicabilityandsuitabilityforanyparticularuse,includinganypatentinfringementarisingtherefrom,isthesoleresponsibilityoftheuser.”SAEreviewseachtechnicalreportatleasteveryfiveyearsatwhichtimeitmaybereaffirmed,revised,orcancelled.SAEinvitesyourwrittencommentsandsuggestions.Copyright©2007SAEInternationalAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystemortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofSAE.TOPLACEADOCUMENTORDER:Tel:877-606-7323(insideUSAandCanada)Tel:724-776-4970(outsideUSA)Fax:724-776-0790Email:CustomerService@sae.orgSAEWEBADDRESS:http://www.sae.orgJ287REV.FEB2007SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEIssued1976-07Revised2007-02SupersedingJ287JUN1988(R)DriverHandControlReachRATIONALEThisrevisionreducesthecomplexityofthispracticebysimplifyingtheGeneralPackageFactor(G)equation,clarifyingconditionsforusingrestrainedandunrestrainedreachtables,removingEnglishunittables,clarifyingtheGvalueboundariesbetweeneachreachtable,describinginmoredetailhowtointerpretwhenacontrolisconsideredwithinreach,andlimitingapplicationofthepracticetoClassAvehicles.ThesubstantialsimplificationoftheGeneralPackageFactor(G)equation(from7vehicledimensionsto2)occurredasaresultofastatisticalinvestigationbegunin1997bymembersoftheSAEHADDcommittee.Astepwiseregressionanalysiswasconductedonadatasetof81vehiclesspanningmodelyears1997–2005.TheH30dimensionsweretypicalofpassengercarsandlighttrucks,rangingfrom188mmto374mm.Heavytruckpackagingdatawerenotavailabletoincludeintheanalysis.Mostofthevehiclesinthedatasethadreachzonesidentifiedbyreachtables4,7,10inthisdocument.ItwasdeterminedforeachvehiclethatasignificantlysimilarGvaluecouldbeobtainedfromonlytwopackagevariables,H30andH17.TheH17dimensionwasfoundtobethebestpredictorforcars,whileH30wasthebestpredictorfortrucksandvansandforallvehicletypescombined.Theoutputofthissimplifiedequation(Figure3)fittheGvaluesfromtheoriginalequationwithanR2of0.96,whilethesamereachtablewasselectedfor93%ofthevehicles.Basedonthisresult,thecommitteeadoptedthesimplifiedequationforG.1.SCOPEThisrecommendedpracticedescribesboundariesofhandcontrollocationsthatcanbereachedbyapercentageofdifferentdriverpopulationsinpassengercars,multi-purposepassengervehicles,andlighttrucks(ClassAvehicles).Thispracticeisnotapplicabletoheavytrucks(ClassBvehicles).SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-2-1.1IntroductionThedescriptionofdriverhandcontrolreachenvelopeswasdevelopedusingdataacquiredfromtestsubjectsperformingreachtasksintestfixturessimulatingarangeofactualvehicleconfigurations[HammondandRoe,1972;Hammond,etal,1975].Thetestsubjectsincludedequalnumbersofmenandwomenselectedtorepresentthe(UnitedStates)drivingpopulationonthebasisofstatureandage,andweretestedbothwithandwithoutanuppertorsothree-pointrestraint(thetorsorestraintwasadiagonalnon-extendingshoulderstrapattachedseparatelytothelapbelt;itwasnotacontinuousloopsystem).Theenvelopesconstructedusingthenon-extendingshoulderandlapbeltaremeanttodefinearestrainedhandreach,andtheenvelopesconstructedusingthelapbeltonlydescribeanunrestrainedhandreach.Thehandreachenvelopesarethree-dimensionalsurfacesdescribedintableformandcanbereferencedtoaparticularvehicleseatingconfigurationasdescribedinSections5and6.Thetablescontainedinthispracticedescribetheboundariestowhichatleast95%ofUSdriverscanreach.2.REFERENCES2.1ApplicablePublicationsThefollowingpublicationsformapartofthespecificationtotheextentspecifiedherein.Unlessotherwiseindicated,thelatestrevisionofSAEpublicationsshallapply.2.1.1SAEPublicationsAvailablefromSAE,400CommonwealthDrive,Warrendale,PA15096-0001,Tel:877-606-7323(insideUSAandCanada)or724-776-4970(outsideUSA),www.sae.org.SAEJ826DevicesforUseinDefiningandMeasuringVehicleSeatingAccommodationSAEJ1100MotorVehicleDimensionsD.HammondandR.Roe,“SAEControlsReachStudy.”Paper720199presentedatSAEAutomotiveEngineeringCongressandExposition,Detroit,January1972.D.Hammond,D.Maurer,andL.Razgunas,“ControlsReach—TheHandReachofDrivers.”Paper750357presentedatSAEAutomotiveCongressandExposition,Detroit,February1975.R.W.Roe,“ReachtoOtherTypesofControls.”MinutesofmeetingofDesignDevicesSubcommittee,SAEHumanFactorsEngineeringCommittee,April18,1972.2.2RelatedPublicationsThefollowingpublicationsareprovidedforinformationpurposesonlyandarenotarequiredpartofthisdocument.2.2.1SAEPublicationsAvailablefromSAE,400CommonwealthDrive,Warrendale,PA15096-0001,Tel:877-606-7323(insideUSAandCanada)or724-776-4970(outsideUSA),www.sae.org.SAEJ182MotorVehicleFiducialMarksSAEJ941MotorVehicleDrivers’EyeLocationsSAEJ1052MotorVehicleDriverandPassengerHeadPositionSAEJ1516AccommodationToolReferencePointSAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-3-3.DEFINITIONS3.1SAEJ1100DefinitionsAcceleratorHeelPoint(AHP)H-pointActualH-pointCenterlineofOccupant(C/LO,atY-coordinateofSgRP)SeatingReferencePoint(SgRP)H17,SteeringWheelCentertoAHP,zH30,SgRPtoAHP,z–FrontL53,SgRPtoAHP,x–FrontWheneverH30andL53areusedinthisdocument,theyapplytothedriverseatingposition.Thesuffix“-1”,whichisusedinSAEJ1100todesignatethefrontseatingrow,ishereinomittedfromthedimension.3.2DriverHandReachCapabilityMaximumreachcapabilityof95%ofdriversinasimulateddrivingsituationwiththenon-reachinghandonthesteeringwheelandtherightfootontheacceleratorpedal.3.3BasicReachTaskHandreachtoaforwardmountedcontrolwiththecontrolheldinathree-fingergrasp.SeeFigure1.FIGURE1-THREE-FINGERGRASPINGREACHTOA25mmDIAMETERCONTROLKNOB;ALLMEASUREMENTSFORTHEHANDREACHENVELOPESAREREFERENCEDTOTHECENTEROFTHECONTROLKNOBFACE3.4HandReachEnvelopeGeometricdescriptionofthehandreachcapabilityforaspecifiedproportionofadriverpopulationandtypeoftorsorestraintsystem.Thecontourofthehandreachenvelopereferstothegeometriccenterofthecontrolknobface.Ifthecontrolknobfaceisat,orrearwardof,thecontour,itisestimatedthatatleastthespecifiedproportionoftheindicateddriverpopulationcanreachandoperatethecontrol[HammondandRoe,1972].SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-4-3.5HandReachReferencePlane(HRPlane)Verticalreferenceplaneextendinglaterallyacrossthevehicle(anX-plane)usedtoproperlypositionthehandreachenvelopeswithrespecttothegeometryofthevehicleseatingconfiguration.ThehorizontallocationoftheHRplanerearwardoftheAcceleratorHeelPointdependsonthevalueoftheGeneralPackageFactor(G)asshownbelow:HR=786–(99)G,mm(Eq.1)3.6GeneralPackageFactor(G)Singleindexvaluethatcharacterizesthegeometryofthedriverseatingconfigurationforaparticularvehicle.SeeFigures2and3.FIGURE2-VEHICLEINTERIORDIMENSIONSUSEDTODETERMINEHANDREACHTOACONTROLFIGURE3-GENERALPACKAGEFACTOR,G3.7Type1SeatBeltAssemblyLapbeltforpelvicrestraint.3.8Type2SeatBeltAssemblyCombinationofpelvic(lapbelt)anduppertorso(shoulderbelt)restraints.3.9Type2aShoulderBeltSeparateuppertorsorestraint(shoulderbelt)intendedtobeusedinconjunctionwithalapbelttoformaType2seatbeltassembly.TheGeneralPackageFactor(G)isasynthesizedvariablethatprovidesaquantitativeindexofavehicle'sworkspacegeometry.TheGvalueforavehiclecanbecalculatedbysubstitutingtheprincipalpackagedimensionsinmillimetersintotheequationG=0.00327(H30)+0.00285(H17)–3.21SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-5-3.10UnrestrainedReachHandreachwithnouppertorsorestraint,asprovidedbyType1seatbeltassembly.3.11RestrainedReachHandreachwithuppertorsorestraintprovidedbyaType2ashoulderbelt.Restrainedreachdatawerecollectedusinganon-extendingType2ashoulderbeltwithapproximately50mmslackinthebelt[HammondandRoe,1972].4.FIELDOFAPPLICATION4.1Thispracticeisprimarilydirectedtowardstheinitialdesignstagesofanewvehicleprogram,oncetheSeatingReferencePoint(SgRP)isdetermined.ItsapplicationforcheckingpurposesinactualvehiclesandprototypeseatmodelswilltakeintoaccountanallowabletoleranceforactualH-point[SAEJ826].4.2Thehandreachenvelopesaredirectlyapplicabletolefthanddrivevehiclesdesignedforseatedoperatorsinfullwidthorsinglewidthseatshavingforeandaftseatadjustmentapproximatelyhorizontal.Applicationtorighthanddrivevehiclesisassumedtobesymmetricallyopposite.4.3Thehandreachenvelopesaredirectlyapplicableforathree-fingergraspingreachtoaforwardmountedcontrolknobof25mmdiameter.Thehandreachenvelopesarealsoapplicabletoothertypesofreachtoforwardcontrolsbyusinganappropriateadjustmentfactorthatwillaccountforthemodeofoperationatthecontrol(see4.3.1,4.3.2,and[Roe,1972]).4.3.1ControlsOperatedbyExtendedFingerAnadjustmentfactorof50mmisaddedtothetabledvaluesofthereachenvelopeinordertodescribethecenterofthefingerpadcontactsurfacewhichwillbewithinthefingertipreachofdrivers.Thisadjustmentpositionstheextendedfingerreachenvelope50mmfartherfromtheHRplane(seeFigure4).4.3.2ControlsOperatedbyFullHandGraspAnadjustmentfactorof50mmissubtractedfromthetabledvaluesofthereachenvelopeinordertodescribethecenterofthefaceofthecontrolknobwhichwillbewithinthefullhandgraspreachofdrivers.Thisadjustmentpositionsthefullhandgraspreachenvelope50mmclosertotheHRplane(seeFigure4).SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-6-FIGURE4-HANDREACHENVELOPESFOR3-FINGER,EXTENDEDFINGER,ANDFULLHANDGRASPOFACONTROL5.REQUIREDCHARACTERISTICS5.1TherangesoftheinteriordimensionsforwhichthisrecommendedpracticeisapplicablearedescribedinTable1.TABLE1-INTERIORDIMENSIONSH30SgRPtoAHP,z127mmto405mmH17SteeringWheelCentertoAHP,z530mmto838mm5.2Thereachenvelopesdescribetheboundariesofcontrollocationsthatcanbereachedbyatleast95%ofcertaindriverpopulationsthatincludemale-to-femaledriverpopulationratiosof50/50,75/25,and90/10.Theenvelopesforeachofthesecategoriesarespecifiedasanx-distanceforwardfromtheHRplane.Theenvelopesextendfrom400mmoutboardto600mminboardofthecenterlineofoccupant(C/LO)andfrom-100mmbelowSgRPto800mmaboveSgRP.SeeFigure5.SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-7-FIGURE5-HANDREACHENVELOPEANDREFERENCEPLANESSHOWNINVEHICLEWORKSPACE5.3Handreachenvelopesareprovidedintheattachedtablesforsevendifferentseatingconfigurations,threemale-to-femaledriverpopulationratios,andtwotypesofrestraintsystemswhichaccountfor:(i)driverswearingalapbeltonly(Type1)permittingafreeuppertorsomotion(i.e.unrestrainedtorsoreach);and(ii)driverswearingbothalapandashoulderbelt(Type2)permittingonlyarestrainedtorsoreach.TheselectionofanenvelopeforavehicleisbasedonthecalculatedvalueoftheGeneralPackageFactor(G),identificationofthemale-to-femaledriverpopulationratioappropriateforthevehicle,andidentificationoftheappropriaterestraintsystem.TheGeneralPackageFactor(G)iscalculatedusingthedimensionsdescribingthevehicleseatingconfigurationshowninFigures2and3.5.4ThehandreachenvelopeislocatedinthevehiclebyemployingarelationshipthatutilizesthevalueoftheGeneralPackageFactor(G).ThehorizontalcomponentofthereachenvelopesismeasuredasadistanceforwardoftheHRplane.TheforeandaftlocationoftheHRplanerearwardfromtheAHPisdeterminedfromEquation1.6.PROCEDUREFORUSINGTHEHANDREACHENVELOPES6.1ReferencePlanesforReachEnvelopes:Theenvelopesarelocatedinthevehicleaccordingtoasetoforthogonalreferenceplanes:aZ-planethroughSgRP,theHRplane(anX-plane),andaY-planethroughtheC/LO.SeeFigures4and5.6.2EstablishareferenceX-origin.6.2.1SpecifythedimensionsdescribingthegeometryofthevehicleseatingconfigurationandcalculatethevalueoftheGeneralPackageFactor(G)asdescribedinFigure3.6.2.2CalculateHRfromthevalueoftheGeneralPackageFactor(G)asshowninEquation1.6.2.2.1If(HR–L53)islessthanzero,thenthehandreachreferenceplaneislocatedlongitudinallyatadistanceHRrearwardoftheAHP.SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-8-6.2.2.2If(HR–L53)isgreaterthanzero,thehandreachreferenceplaneislocatedlongitudinallyatSgRP.6.3Identifytheappropriatehandreachenvelope.6.3.1ReferringtoTables1-42,identifythehandreachenvelopeappropriateforthevalueoftheGeneralPackageFactor(G)calculatedforthisvehicle,thespecifieddriverpopulation,andtheappropriatetypeofrestraintsystem.6.3.1.1IftheGeneralPackageFactor(G)value,roundedto2decimalplaces,isequaltothelimitofarange,usethereachtablesassociatedwiththatrange.6.3.1.2Thereachenvelopesofthe50/50male-to-femaledriverpopulationratioarerecommendedtoestablishthemaximumreachforallClassAvehicles.6.3.1.3ForvehicleswithType2seatbeltassembliesthatallowuppertorsomovement,usetherestrainedreachenvelopes(Tables1-21)toestablishthemaximumreachtocontrolsusedbyadriverwhenthevehicleismoving.Forcontrolsthatarenotusedwhiledriving,aconsiderableamountofuppertorsoleanmaybeacceptable.Theunrestrainedhandreachtablesmaybeusedtoestablishmaximumreachtothesecontrols.6.4Determineifthecontroliswithinreach.16.4.1Determinethelateralandverticallocationsofthecontrolsofinterest.LaterallocationsaredescribedaslateraldistancesfromtheC/LO.VerticallocationsaretheheightsofthecontrolabovetheSgRP.6.4.2Thelimitingvalueofhandreachshouldbereadfromtheappropriatetableatthedesignatedelevationandhorizontalstation.6.4.2.1Interpolationmayberequiredifthenecessarycontrollocationsarenotincludedinthetable.Thepreferredmethodistointerpolatelaterallythenvertically.Curvilinearinterpolations,usingtwolocationsoneithersideofthedesiredcontrol,mayalsobeconsidered,butminorvariationsintheresultingreachenvelopeshouldbeexpected.6.4.3Asurfacefittedthroughallthepointsineachtablemayalsobeusedtodetermineifthecontroliswithinreach.Thefittedsurfaceshouldnotdeviatefromthetablevaluesbymorethan1mm.6.4.4Acontrolisconsideredwithinreachofthespecifiedproportionoftheindicateddriverpopulationifthegeometriccenterofthecontrolface(inthenominalorrestingposition)closesttothedriveristangenttoorrearwardofthereachcontour(reachcoordinates,interpolatedcoordinates,orfittedsurface).1Theblankareasinthehandreachtablesareregionswherehandreachwasnotmeasuredorwheredesignlimitvaluescouldnotbeestablished.Thegrayshadedareasareregionswherethedifferencebetweenthehandreachmodelandtheobserveddesignlimitvaluesexceeded25mm.Thereachvaluesshownintheseareasshouldbeusedwithcaution.SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-9-4003002502001005000501002002503004005006008003874384564704904975024935015044954834684263777004635065205315465515565505625665575465324994556005195555675765865865845906056116045955845555144495005565865986066096035896146306386376316225955534864505675956076156156045836206366456496446366095654984005746006126216186015716216376486566546466195725063505766016146236165945556196336466606606546255745113005745976126226116396606626586265725102505675906056176026286576626586245645062005575785966085906136496586566185514981005245445665816246396405935104690474584607610551449423-100410528561567493367360TABLE1HorizontalreachforwardoftheHRreferenceplaneatstationslocatedlaterallyfromthecenterlineofoperator(C/LO)andatelevationsabovetheSeatingReferencePoint(SgRP).Theenvelopedescribesa95%levelofperformanceofadriverpopulationcomposedof50%maleand50%femaledriverswearingaType2arestraint.RestrainedHandReachVehicleRange:(Glessthan-1.25)PopulationMix:50/50MalestoFemalesElevationaboveSgRP(mm)StationsoutboardofC/LO(mm)StationsinboardofC/LO(mm)(mm)4003002502001005000501002002503004005006008004224704885015205265325305395425325205054664197004965365505605745795845825956005905805675344926005505845966046126126096196346406346266155865454805005846146256336346256106386546636646586496225805134505946226346416396256026426586686736706626345895234006006266396476406205876426576686796786716425945293506016276406486376115686376516646816826776465945313005986236376466316566806836796465895292505916156306416216436756816786425785232005796036206326076256666756736335635131005445685906046376546546045174800492593618621558451430-100426534569575496364363TABLE2HorizontalreachforwardoftheHRreferenceplaneatstationslocatedlaterallyfromthecenterlineofoperator(C/LO)andatelevationsabovetheSeatingReferencePoint(SgRP).Theenvelopedescribesa95%levelofperformanceofadriverpopulationcomposedof75%maleand25%femaledriverswearingaType2arestraint.RestrainedHandReachVehicleRange:(Glessthan-1.25)PopulationMix:75/25MalestoFemalesStationsoutboardofC/LO(mm)StationsinboardofC/LO(mm)(mm)ElevationaboveSgRP(mm)SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-10-4003002502001005000501002002503004005006008004434905075195385445505515615645545425274894437005165555685785915966006016156196106005875555136005686016136216286276246356516576526446336055644985006016306416496486396226536696786806746666395955284506116386506576536386126556716816886856776496045374006166426546626536325976546686806936926856566075423506166426556636496215756486616756946956906596055433006136386526616426656916956916575985402506056306456556316516856926896525875332005926186356466176326756856846425705211005565836046176446626626115214860503598624627562451434-100436537573579497361365TABLE3HorizontalreachforwardoftheHRreferenceplaneatstationslocatedlaterallyfromthecenterlineofoperator(C/LO)andatelevationsabovetheSeatingReferencePoint(SgRP).Theenvelopedescribesa95%levelofperformanceofadriverpopulationcomposedof90%maleand10%femaledriverswearingaType2arestraint.RestrainedHandReachVehicleRange:(Glessthan-1.25)PopulationMix:90/10MalestoFemalesStationsoutboardofC/LO(mm)StationsinboardofC/LO(mm)(mm)ElevationaboveSgRP(mm)4003002502001005000501002002503004005006008003914414604744945015075005095125024914754353867004665095235355505555605565695735645535405074646005215585705795895905895956116176116025915625214565005585896006096136065946186356436446386296025594924505695976096186196085886246406496546506436155715044005766026156236216055776256406516616606536255775123505786026166256205985606226366496656656606305795163005765996136246156416656686636315755152505695916076186066306616676646295675102005595805976105946146536626606225535021005255455665826276436445965114710476586611614554449425-100411530564570495367362TABLE4HorizontalreachforwardoftheHRreferenceplaneatstationslocatedlaterallyfromthecenterlineofoperator(C/LO)andatelevationsabovetheSeatingReferencePoint(SgRP).Theenvelopedescribesa95%levelofperformanceofadriverpopulationcomposedof50%maleand50%femaledriverswearingaType2arestraint.RestrainedHandReachVehicleRange:(-1.24<G<-0.75)PopulationMix:50/50MalestoFemalesStationsoutboardofC/LO(mm)StationsinboardofC/LO(mm)(mm)ElevationaboveSgRP(mm)SAEJ287RevisedFEB2007-11-4003002502001005000501002002503004005006008004274754935065255325385365465495395275124744267005005415555655795845895886026065975875745424996005535886006086176176156246406466416336225945534875005876176286366386316166446606696706656576295865194505976256376456436316086476636736806766696415965294006036296416506456265956466616736856846786496005353506046296426516426175766416556686876886836525995373006016256396496366596856896856525935352505936176326436266466806876846475835282005826056226346126286716816796395675181005465695916066416596606095214840494597623627563454435-100427538574580500367368TABLE5HorizontalreachforwardoftheHRreferenceplaneatstationslocatedlaterallyfromthecenterlineofoperator(C/LO)andatelevationsabovetheSeatingReferencePoint(SgRP).Theenvelopedescribesa95%levelofperformanceofadriverpopulationcomposedof75%maleand25%femaledriverswearingaType2arestraint.RestrainedHandReachVehicleRange:(-1.24<G<-0.75)PopulationMix:75/25MalestoFemalesStationsoutboardofC/LO(mm)StationsinboardofC/LO(mm)(mm)ElevationaboveSgRP(mm)4003002502001005000501002002503004005006008004484965135265445515575575675705605495344964507005205605735835976026066086216266176075945625206005726066176266336336306416576636596516406125715045006056346456536546456306586746836866816736466025354506146426536616586446206616766876946926846566105444006196466586656586396056596736866996986926636135493506206456586666556295856536666807007026976656115503006166416556646486706977026986646045462506086326486586376556916996966585925392005956206376486236366816926906485755271005585846056196506686696165264920505604630634568456440-100437543579585503366371TABLE6HorizontalreachforwardoftheHRreferenceplaneatstationslocatedlaterallyfromthecenterlineofoperator(C/LO)andatelevationsabovetheSeatingReferencePoint(SgRP).Theenvelopedescribesa95%levelofperformanceofadriverpopulationcomposedof90%maleand10%femaledriverswearingaType2arestraint.RestrainedHandReachVehicleRange:(-1.2