201601统考A国科大

AGENERALENGLISHQUALIFYINGTESTFORNON-ENGLISHMAJORGRADUATESTUDENTS(GETJAN0916)考试注意事项一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一（PaperOne）包括听力理解、词汇、完形填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二(PaperTwo)包括翻译与写作两部分，共3题。此外，试卷分A卷和B卷，请考生注意在答题卡上标出自己的试卷类型。二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力SectionC部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWERSHEETII上。答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力SectionC部分除外），答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的办法。试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。六、试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。全部考试结束后，须待监考教师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试结束，方可离开考场。PAPERONEPARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(25minutes,20points)SectionA(1pointeach)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearnineshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbereadonlyonce.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.1. A.Becauseitisrainingheavily.B.Becausetheywanttohaveapicnic.C.Becausethereistoomuchtraffic.D.Becausethelocationisnoteasytofind.2. A.Eatinthenewcafeteria.B.Savesomeextramoney.C.Lookforaneveningjob.D.Paythebillandleave.3.A.Hewillbuyaringforher.B.Hewillorganizethesession.C.HewillmeetSallyrightaway.D.HewillgiveSallyacall.4. A.Areceptionist.B.Ashopassistant.C.Afeecollector.D.Abusconductor.5.A.Themanoughttostoppracticing.B.Themanisaperfectpianist.C.Themanshouldkeeppracticing.D.Themancanhaveagoodrest.6. A.Becausehewastoobusytobuyherapresent.B.Becauseheforgotaboutherbirthday.C.Becausehecouldn’tbuyherthealbum.D.BecausehespentafortuneonthenewCD.　7.A.Putmoremoneyintheparkingmeter.B.Placeanorderattherestaurant.C.Getsomechangefromtherestaurant.D.Parkhiscarinanotherparkinglot.8.A.Comparingmenwithwomenmakesnosense.B.Menaremostlysmarterthanwomen.C.Womenhavebetterphysicalstrength.D.Mennormallypreferapplestobananas.9.A.Shewillstartahugenewproject.B.Shewillhavesupperwithhim.C.Shewillgotoapartythisevening.D.Shecan’taffordanytimetodineout.SectionB(1pointeach)Directions:Inthissectionyouwillheartwomini-talks.Attheendofeachtalk,therewillbesomequestions.Boththetalksandthequestionswillbereadtoyouonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.Mini-talkOne10. A.Asmuchaspossible. B.Anaverage-sizedhandful.C.Morethan20grams. D.Higherthansuggestedbefore.11. A.Becausetheycontainaddedoilsandsugars.B.Becausethehealthynutrientsarekilled.C.Becausetheyarehighinfatandcalories.D.Becausetheyhavelessproteinandminerals.12. A.Chronicdiseases.B.Deathfromcancer.C.Acutediseases.D.Heartdisease.Mini-talkTwo13. A.NearthePotomacRiver.B.AttheNationalHarbor.C.JustoutsideMaryland.D.InsideWashingtonDC.14. A.$15. B.$14. C.$50. D.$55.15. A.TheSingaporeFlyer.B.TheStarofNanchang.C.TheLondonEye.D.TheHighRoller.SectionC(1pointeach)Directions:Inthissectionyouwillhearashortlecture.Listentotherecordingandcompletethenotesaboutthelecture.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.AftertherecordingyouareaskedtowritedownyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Younowhave25secondstoreadthenotesbelow.(请在录音结束后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16.Exercisehasbeenprovento_________(3words)andrelievestress.17.Youneedtoknowwherenotesareatalltimestostudy–especiallythose_________(2words)rightbeforeaquiz.18.Attendanceispartofyourgradeandjust_________(2words)willensureyou10%ofyourgrade.19.Makesureyoustudynotes,becausesimplywritingthenoteswillnotguaranteeyou_________(3words).20.Donotletyourself_________(2words)ifeveryonefinishesbeforeyou;agoodgradewillbeworthit.PARTIIVOCABULARY(10minutes,10points)SectionA(0.5pointeach)Directions:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithonewordorphraseunderlined.BelowthesentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.21.Itisessentialthatthegovernmentdemonstratemorewillingnesstocrackdownoncorruption.A.foster B.facilitate C.curb D.devise22.TheHaitianpeoplehadtoendurecrushingpovertyanddisappointmentthatwouldsapanyone’sspirit.A.tolerable B.severe C.persistent D.temporary23.Disinterestedinseriousreadings,manycommutersreadsolelyforpleasureviacellphones.A.chronically B.intellectually C.somewhat D.exclusively24.AmongtherenownedscientistsinChina,QianXuesenisprobablythebestknown.A.celebrated B.controversial C.notorious D.skeptical25.Thetoneoftheconversationwasreassuringandreinforcedmyresolvetosupporthim.A.reluctance B.determination C.hostility D.solution26.TheyrepresentedthefullspectrumoftheAmericanpeople,fromeverywalkoflifeandbackground.A.distance B.route C.occupation D.standard27.Thepresidentfullyliveduptohispromisesbygivingmefreereintochoosemyownteam.A.violated B.fulfilled C.pledged D.endorsed28.Ratherthanproducinginstanteffect,regularexercisecanbenefityouinthelongrun.A.inthefinaloutcome B.ontheotherhandC.onceandforall D.fromauniqueperspective29.Thedoctorselflesslytendedthewoundedsoldiersbeforedressinghisownwound.A.openedup B.inclinedto C.contemplatedon D.caredfor30.Tosucceedinthe21stcentury,weneedtointegratetraditionaltoolsofforeignpolicywhiletappingtheenergyandideasofcitizens.A.takingon B.dwellingupon C.drawingupon D.focusingonSectionB(0.5pointeach)Directions:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithsomethingmissing.BeloweachsentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.Markthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.31.Doctorswouldhavenothingtocheerifthecure______beingmoreharmfulthanthedisease.A.turnedup B.endedup C.lookedup D.tookup32.Briberymight______nationalresourcesintocrookedofficials’offshoreaccounts.A.divert B.defy C.detect D.discard33.Thesefindingscouldhavemajor______forimprovingpeople’shealth.A.influences B.impacts C.effects D.implications34.Itmightbepossibletohelppreventdepressionby______people’sgoodfeelings.A.diminishing B.manipulating C.boosting D.anticipating35.Doctorsareexpectedtodescribe______whatapatientneedstodotopreservehealth.A.ambiguously B.specifically C.randomly D.virtually36.InAfricanAmericanandpoor______,overweightandobesekidsaremorecommon.A.neighborhoods B.zones C.sectors D.territories37.MarshallandTrumanlaunchedan______plantorebuildEurope’sshatteredcountries.A.obscure B.eccentric C.illusionary D.ambitious38.ThejobofpresidentoftheUnitedStates______awidearrayofknowledge,skills,andabilities.A.headsfor B.makesfor C.callsfor D.runsfor39.TherearemanyregionsinAfricathathavelongbeen______povertyanddisease.A.boundfor B.indulgedin C.strickenwith D.orientedto40.Officialswhosestatementsare______withtheiractionscanhardlywinanyone’strust.A.incompetent B.inconsistent C.ineligible D.inaccessiblePARTIIICLOZETEST(10minutes,10points,1pointeach)Directions:Thereare10questionsinthispartofthetest.Readthepassagethrough.Then,gobackandchooseonesuitablewordorphrasemarkedA,B,C,orDforeachblankinthepassage.Markthecorrespondingletterofthewordorphraseyouhavechosenwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.Doeshappinessmatter?Peoplereacttothisquestioninsurprisinglydifferentways.Someregardhappinessastrivial;othersseehappinessas41important.Toexplorethismystery,weareto42lookingatwhathappinessactuallymeans.Happinessrelatestohowwefeel,notjustapassing43.Weareemotionalbeingsandexperienceawide44offeelingsonadailybasis.Negativeemotionshelpusto45dangerordefendourselves46positiveemotionshelpustobuildourcapacitytocopewhenthingsgowrong.Tryingtoliveahappylifeisnot47denyingnegativeemotionsorpretendingtofeeljoyfulallthetime.Weallencounter48andit’scompletelynaturalforustofeelanger,sadnessorfrustration.Tosuggest49wouldbetodenypartofthehumancondition.Happiness50beingabletomakethemostofthegoodtimesinordertoexperiencethebestpossiblelifeoverall.41.A.rigorously B.deadly C.vitally D.scarcely42.A.startby B.contributeto C.forgetabout D.dropout43.A.passion B.mood C.affection D.sense44.A.scale B.gap C.vision D.range45.A.getstuckin B.getalongwith C.getawayfrom D.getdownto46.A.but B.while C.however D.yet47.A.with B.into C.about D.beneath48.A.adversity B.diversity C.intensity D.immensity49.A.somehow B.otherwise C.furthermore D.elsewhere50.A.needs B.require s C.concerns D.involvesPARTIVREADINGCOMPREHENSION(45minutes,30points,1pointeach)Directions:Inthispartofthetest,therearefiveshortpassages.Readeachpassagecarefully,andthendothequestionsthatfollow.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoredAnswerSheet.PassageOneThefirstreviewsoftheAppleWatcharein,andtheverdictis:Thisisagoodproductwithabrightfuture.Butmaybedon’tbuyonequiteyet.That’snottosaythereviewsweren’tglowing,becausetheywere.AnyonewhowashopingthattheWatchwouldfallshortofthehighstandardthatAppleboastsforitsproductsisgoingtobedisappointed.There’snodoubt,fromthesereviews,thatApple’ssmartwatchisimmediatelythebestofitskindonthemarket.It’sasatisfyingindulgence.Buttherearecriticisms,andstrongones,abouthowfartheproductneedstogotoappealtoeveryone.Atleast,itcertainlyis adevicethatcomesintoitsown aftera “steeplearningcurve.”Complaintsarethemosttellingpartofthereviews.Manjoo,forexample,warnsthatthisisnotnecessarilyasimpledeviceto understand.That’scontrarytoApple’snormalreputation--theiPhone,forexample,isagreatsmartphonefortechnophobesbecauseit’ssoeasytonavigate.Butthat’snotthemarketthatshouldpickupthefirstgenerationoftheWatch.“There’sagoodchanceitwillnotworkperfectlyformostconsumersrightoutofthebox,becauseitisbestafteryoulearntousevarioussoftwaresettingstopersonalizeuse,”Manjoonotes.“Indeed,toadegreeunusualforanewAppledevice,theWatchisnotsuitedfortechamateurs.Itisdesignedforpeoplewhoarefloodedwithnotificationscominginthroughtheirphones,andforthosewhocaretothinkabout,andwanttotrytomanage,thewaythedigitalworldintrudesontheirlives.”Othercriticismsrangefromthefactthatthedeviceisalittleslowtocomplaintsthatit’sstillalittletooclumsytobefashionable,whichcouldposeanobstacletowideradoption. Peoplearelesscertainabouthowsmoothlyitactuallyworks.TheWatchreliesonotherApplesoftwaresuchasthecompany’sSirivoicecontrolsoftware,whichfailstoworkasoftenasit’ssuccessful.JoannaStern mayhaveexplainedthissentiment bestin sayingthatshe’sgenerallynotrecommendingthatherfriendsbuythisgenerationoftheWatch.Everytimeshegazesdowntoadmireit,shestartsseeinghowthenextonewilllookbetter.Ifyou’renotquitesure,it’sperfectlyokaytowaitforthenextgeneration.51.ThereviewsoftheAppleWatch______.A.suggestconsumersneverbuythisproductB.aregenerallypositiveaboutthisproductC.exaggeratetheadvantagesofthisproductD.don’tthinkhighlyofthisproduct52.TheunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphprobablymeanstheWatch______.A.isofahighstandardandquality B.willdisappointmostofitsconsumersC.isinferiortootherproductsofApple D.willprobablygetworseintermsofquality53.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneoftheproblemswiththeWatch?A.Difficulttonavigate. B.Pronetobreakdown.C.Notgraceful. D.Alittletooexpensive.54.Paragraph5ismainlyconcernedwith______.A.theuniquefeaturesoftheAppleWatch B.difficultiesusingtheAppleWatchC.thesuperiorityoftheWatch D.theharmoftheWatchtohealth55.ItcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraphthatJoannaStern______.A.isgoingtobuythisgenerationoftheWatchB.recommendsbuyingtheWatchrightawayC.isnoteagertobuytheWatchofthisgenerationD.hopestokeepinnovatingtheWatchforherself56.Thispassageisprimarilyintendedto______.A.beanadvertisementfortheAppleWatchB.urgeconsumerstoboycottthisnewWatchC.argueagainstnegativereportsabouttheWatchD.remindcustomerstobecautiousabouttheWatchPassageTwoScientistshavelongtriedtolinkgeniustohighintelligencewithoutsuccess.ProfessorAllanSnydersaidthattheterm“genius”wasoftenmisusedandhardtodefine.“Itisveryrare.”Tohim,it’sthecreationitselfandnotaperson’spotentialthatdefinesgenius.It’scertainlynotascoreonanIQtest.It’sespeciallysomeonewhoallowsustoviewtheworldinanewlight.AccordingtoneuropsychologistRexJung,geniusisnotoriouslydifficulttopredictanddoesnotnecessarilyrequireextremelyhighlevelsofintelligence.HepointstoastudybyLewisTermanwhichfollowedmorethan1,500childrenwithextremelyhighIQstoseeifgeniuswouldeventuallyemerge.Whilemanygrewuptobesuccessful,hisstudymissedtwoNobelprizewinnerswhodidnotmaketheIQcut:WilliamShockley,whoco-inventedthetransistor,andphysicistLuisAlvarez.NeitherofthemhadhighenoughIQstomakeitintoTerman’sstudybutitwastheiroriginalthinkingthateventuallysetthemapartfromtheirmoreintelligentpeers.Whileintelligencemaynotbethedefiningfactor,whatgeniusdoesseemtorequireisunusuallyhighlevelsofcreativityandperseverance.BarryMarshallwontheNobelprizeinMedicinein2005fordiscoveringthatstomachulcers（溃疡）werecausedbybacteriaandnotstress,believingulcerswerelinkedtobacteriabutwerenotallowedtoexperimentonhumans.Otherscientiststhenbelievedtherewasalinkbetweenulcers,stressandacid.Indesperation,Marshallmixedupsomeofthebacteriaanddrankit.Afterafewdayshewasprovedcorrect-hehadgivenhimselfanulcer,andprovedthatantibioticscouldbeusedtocurethecondition.“Ultimatelycreativityinvolvesrebellion,”ProfSnydersaid.“Youhavetochallengetheauthoritiesandhavethecouragetobroadcastyourideastoaresistantworld.”Hebelievesthatwhatdistinguishesa“champion”fromtherestisnotthedesiretobethebest,orthefearoffailure,ratherit’sanunconscioushatredtobeingjustaverage.ButProfMcMahonarguesthatperhapsmorethananyothervirtue,theonequalitythatgeniuspossessisanabilitytoworkandneverletaproblemgo.Whilethisqualitycanappearsometimestobestubbornnessorobsession,itiswhatcanseparategeniusfromintelligence.HeagreeswithThomasEdison“Geniusis1percentinspirationand99percentperspiration”.57.ThestudyconductedbyLewisTermanledtothefindingthat______.A.onehastohavehighIQstowintheNobelprizeB.thosewithhighIQsarecapableoforiginalthinkingC.highIQsaremorevitalthanoriginalthinkinginresearchD.thosewithouthighIQscanalsowintheNobelprize58.BarryMarshallismentionedtoprovethat______.A.intelligenceisthedefiningfactorforgeniusB.persistenceandcreativityareessentialtogeniusC.authoritiesareoftenanobstacletoresearchD.experimentationonhumansisnecessary59.ItseemstoProfessorSnyderthatawinnerischaracterizedby______.A.habitualobedienceandmodestyB.thecouragetochallengeauthoritiesC.thedesiretobethetoponeD.thefearoffailure60.ProfessorMcMahonbelievesthatthemostimportantqualityforgeniusis______.A.theabilitytosticktotheend B.ahighlevelofintelligenceC.inspirationaboutresearch D.awillingnesstolistentoothers61.Itcanbeconcludedfromthispassagethat______.A.ageniusisdifficulttodefineorpredictB.everyonehassomechanceofbecomingageniusC.theterm“genius”isactuallyeasytodefineD.successrequiresnothingbuthighintelligence62.Thispassageisfocusedon______.A.indispensabilityofahighIQtosuccessB.qualitiesthatfacilitatescientificresearchC.whatitusuallytakestobeageniusD.differentdefinitionsofgeniusPassageThreeFortyyearsagobuttersuddenlybecamebadforyouandthosewhoatequantitiesofredmeatwerebelievedtotaketheirlivesintheirhandsunfortunately.Thepublicresponsetoguidelinesadvisingustoeatlessfatignitedhysteria.Thepanicwasfuelledbythesortofover-simplisticnewspaperarticlesthatoftenfollownewguidanceonoureatinghabits.Fatwastherootofallevilinthe70sand80s.Nowitissugar.Recently,anewpapersaystheguidanceonfatshouldneverhavebeenintroducedbecauseitwasbasedoninadequateevidence.Meatanddairycangobackontheshoppinglistandthedinnertable.ThepaperwaswrittenbyZoëHarcombe,awriterofdietbooks.Peoplewhoatehigherfatdietsintrialsinthe70sdidnothavehigherdeathratesfromheartdisease,theysay.Carbohydrateconsumptionwentupasfatwentdown.Foodcompaniesbegantoproducelow-fatrangesandmanyproducts,likethelow-fatyoghurts,compensatedforthelossoftastebyaddinglargeamountsofsugar.Theriseofsugarinresponsetothefatphobiaisundoubtedlyrealandhasdonealotofdamage.Iftheoriginaltrialevidencewasweak,theysay,thatispartlybecausedietandnutritiontrialsareincrediblyhardtodo.Peopleofteneitheractuallyforgetwhattheyhaveeatenduringaweekormonthorsufferfromasortofembarrassment-inducedlossofmemory.Theyareabitashamedofdoughnuts,crispsandcreamcakes.ThesixsmallstudiesHarcombeandcolleagueslookedatfromthe70swererandomizedcontroltrials–whereonegroupeatswhattheylikeandotherseatwhattheyaretoldto.Itisthegoldstandardmodelindrugtrials,butitdoesnotworkwellindiets.Patientsinatrialwilltakethepillsthedoctorgivesthem.Peopleindietstudies,toldnottoeatfat,maytryandevensucceedtoadegree,butexperienceshowsthatmostpeoplereverttotheirusualeatinghabitsratherthantellresearchersthattheyfailed.Somecriticssaidfocusingononenutrientaloneisnotuseful.Itisnotwhetherweshouldeatbutterorgiveupsugarthatmatters.Thebestapproachistoeatwholesomerealfood,suchasadietthatincludesfruitandvegetables,fish,leanmeatandoliveoil.63.Theunderlinedwordsinthefirstparagraphprobablymean______.A.feelquitesafe B.risktheirlivesC.becomefatallyill D.prepareforsuicide64.Guidelinesonconsumptionoffatthatwerereleasedinthe1970s______.A.hadaprofoundimpact B.cameunderattackinnewspapersC.promotedtheuseofbutter D.suggestedbanningtheuseofsugar65.ItseemstoZoëHarcombethatreleaseoftheguidanceonfat______.A.canstillbenefithealth B.wasamistakeC.hadlittleeffect D.hadasolidbasis66.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingwasaconsequenceofthenewguidance?A.Manyfoodproductstastedbetter. B.Theincidenceofheartdiseaserose.C.Consumptionofsugarwentup. D.Peopleceasedtoconsumeanyfat.67.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4and5that______.A.controltrialsondietshaveworkedwellB.itiseasytochangeone’seatinghabitsC.nutritiontrialsdoharmtoone’smemoryD.subjectsofdietstudieseatfatsecretly68.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Awholesomedietapproachisthebest.B.Fatistherootofallevilsregardinghealth.C.Fathasprovedmorenutritiousthansugar.D.Weshouldconsumeaslittlesugaraspossible.PassageFourIn2010,TimothyJudge,abusinessprofessor,setouttodeterminetherealimpactofsalaryonjobsatisfaction.Judgeandhiscolleaguesexamined86differentstudiesmeasuringbothsalaryandjobsatisfactionandstatisticallyevaluatedtheexperiencesofover15,000employees.Theirconclusion:“Levelofpayhadlittlerelationtojobsatisfaction.”Theseresultsmightbeintenselyincompatiblewithyourpersonalexperience.Weallknowwhatitisliketogetaraiseorlandajobwithabigpaycheck.Howdoweaccountforthesefindings?Oneexplanationisthatpeopletendtoadapttotheirlevelofincomesurprisinglyquickly.Ifyouearn$45,000ayearandreceivewordthatyourmanagerhasjustauthorizeda$5,000increase,youcanexpecttofeelprettyexcited.Thequestioniswhetherthatfeelingisenduring.It’sabitlikedrivinganewcar.Yougetagenuinethrilloutofthatfirstridehomefromthedealership.Breathinginthenewcarscent,youcan’thelpbutnoticeallthewaysyournewvehicleissuperiortoyouroldone.Butafterafewweeks,it’sallbackground.Yougobacktobeingthesameperson,exceptforthesetofkeys.Anotherreasonisthatinmanycases,thepromiseofabigpaychecklurespeopletopursuejobstheydon’treallyenjoy.Judge’steamfound“asampleoflawyersearninganannualaverageof$148,000peryearwaslessjob-satisfiedthanchildcareworkersearning$23,500annually.”Beingalawyercanbeincrediblyfulfillingforsome,butitcomesatthepriceofemotionalbankruptcyforothers.Studiesindicatethatworkplacehappinesslieinhavingajobthatfulfillsyourbasic,humanpsychologicalneeds.Themostrewardingjobsaretheonesthatprovideexperiencesthatgrowemployees’competence,connectthemtotheircolleaguesinameaningfulwaysandofferthemautonomyinhowth