小学英语语法知识及习题打印版

小学英语语法知识及习题打印版一、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_________him_________this___________her______watch_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________book_______dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______  juice___________water________milk________rice__________tea__________二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍　　【No.1】一般现在时的功能　　1. 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。　　2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。　　3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。　　一般现在时的构成　　1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：　　Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。　　2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：　　WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。　　当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。　　一般现在时的变化　　1.be动词的变化。　　否定句：主语+be+not+其它。　　如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。　　一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。　　如：-Areyouastudent　　　　-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?　　2.行为动词的变化。　　否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：　　Idon'tlikebread.　　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：　　Hedoesn'toftenplay.　　一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：　　-Doyouoftenplayfootball?　　-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.　　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：　　-Doesshegotoworkbybike?　　-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______  carry____come________  watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________  teach_______二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoftenhas________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.  －Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)___________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeakEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________________8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is  yourbrotherspeakEnglish?    __________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?      __________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.    __________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.        __________________5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________三、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?  但疑问词当主语时其结构为：  疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________  write_________ski___________read________have_________sing  ________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________come________  get_________stop_________sit________begin________shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefood  now.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.WhatisourgranddaughterdoingShe_________(listen)tomusic.  9.It’s  5  o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothesYes,sheis.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)_________________________________________________________________四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.    问人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.    问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis  afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.3.    问什么时候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoing  tobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.  下个星期一你打算去干嘛我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMondayI__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMondayI________playbasketball.3.      你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4.      你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_______you___________________meet?改句子。5.      Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy________goingtogocamping.6.      I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I_______go______jointhem.7.      I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?8.      Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.9.      Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）_______________she_________________________afterschool?10.      Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11.      Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12.      Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.13.      Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.14.      WhatdoyouusuallydoatweekendsIusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects15.      It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekendShe______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.16.      What___________(d0)youdolastSundayI____________(pick)applesonafarm.What______________(do)nextSundayI______________(milk)cows.17.      Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.18.      LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19.      David______________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.20.      I________________(plan)formystudynow五、一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2．be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子  否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.  一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?  特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：      WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do  ________Be动词的过去时练习（1）Name____________  No.______Date__________一、      用be动词的适当形式填空1.      I_______atschooljustnow.2.      He________atthecamplastweek.3.      We________studentstwoyearsago.4.      They________onthefarmamomentago.5.      YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.6.      There________anappleontheplateyesterday.7.      There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8.      Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.二、      句型转换1.Itwasexciting.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3.Theywereinhispocket.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________Be动词的过去时练习（2）Name____________  No.______Date__________一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.      I______anEnglishteachernow.2.      She_______happyyesterday.3.      They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.      HelenandNancy________goodfriends.5.      Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.      Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.      There________asignonthechaironMonday..8.      Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children’sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.二、句型转换1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________三、      中译英1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。___________________________________________________________2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。___________________________________________________________3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。___________________________________________________________行为动词的过去时练习（1）Name____________  No.______Date__________一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.3.We_______(have)apartylastHalloween.4.Nancy________(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I________(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They________(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.Mymother_______(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8.Thegirls________(sing)and_______(dance)attheparty.二、句型转换1.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________2.Nancywenttoschoolearly.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________行为动词的过去时练习（2）Name____________  No.______Date__________一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSundayYes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorningShe__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.  否定句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________三、中译英1.格林先生去年住在中国。________________________________________________________2.昨天我们参观了农场。________________________________________________________3.他刚才在找他的手机。________________________________________________________过去时综合练习（1）Name____________  No.______Date__________一、      用动词的适当形式填空1.It______(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall______(have)agoodtimelastnight.3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.Helen________(milk)acowonFriday.5.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)6.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)7.Jim’smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.8._______they________(sweep)theflooronSundayNo,they_____.9.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.10.We___________(go)toschoolonSunday.二、      中译英1.我们上周五看了一部电影。_________________________________________________________2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。  _________________________________________________________3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。  _________________________________________________________4.你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。  _________________________________________________________过去时综合练习（2）Name____________  No.______Date__________一、      用动词的适当形式填空1.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.2.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.3.Don’t______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)4.What____you______justnowI_______somehousework.(do)5.They_________(make)akiteaweekago.6.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)7._______he______theflowersthismorningYes,he_____.(water)8.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.9.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.10.What______MikedoonthefarmHe________cows.(milk)二、中译英1.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。  _________________________________________________________2.去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。  _________________________________________________________3.他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。  _________________________________________________________六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2．形容词加er的规则：⑴一般在词尾加er；⑵以字母e结尾，加r；⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er。3．不规则形容词比较级：  good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副词的比较级1．形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)  ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化：well-better,far-farther)三、练习一)、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级  old__________  young________  tall_______  long________    short________  strong________  big________  small_______  fat_________  thin__________  heavy______  light________  nice_________  good_________  beautiful__________________  low__________  high_________  slow_______  fast________  late__________  early_________  far_________  well_______二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.Mybrotheristwoyears__________(old)thanme.2.Tomisas________(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister__________(young)thanyouYes,sheis.4.Whois___________(thin),youorHelenHelenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis__________(big),yoursorhersHersis.6.Mary’shairisas__________(long)asLucy’s.7.Ben______(jump)________(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8.________Nancysing__________(well)thanHelenYes,she_____.9.Fangfangisnotas_________(tall)astheothergirls.10.Myeyesare__________(big)than________(she)..11.Whichis___________(heavy),theelephantorthepig12.Whogetsup_________(early),TimorTom13._____thegirlsgetup_______(early)thantheboys?No,they______.14.Jimruns_____(slow).ButBenruns_____(slow).15.Thechilddoesn’t______(write)as____(fast)asthestudents.三)、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。________is_________thanJim？  ________are2、谁比David更强壮？是GaoShan.________  _________thanDavid?  GaoShan  ________.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_________pencilis_________,______or________________is,Ithink.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？  我的弟弟的。_________apples  ________  ________,your_______oryour_______My____________  ___________.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。_________________as_________asyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。He_______as  __________as________  ________Jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。________________as_________as______twin_______No,__________________thanhim.8.YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLing________to_______  ________thanSuYangeveryday.9.我跳得和Mike一样远。I_________as_______asMike.10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。____Tom_____  _____thanyou?No,he_______.He_____as_____as_____.11.多做运动，你会更强壮。________moreexercise,you’ll________  _________soon.12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。I______________atScience.ButIdon’t_________wellinChinese.13.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。____you_______thekite_____thanWangbing?No,I______it_____than___.14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike_______.Allmy______  _______  _______thanme.15.我的姐姐起得比我早。My_____  _____up_____thanme.16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。____thegirls______  ______  ______theboysYes,they____.17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。Shedoesn’t____  _____  inPE.ButIdon’t  ______  _____than_____.18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。___you____football_____thanyourclassmates?No,they____as____asme.19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_____  _____  ______thanmy______.20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。_____sweater_____  as_______as_____.21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。Mydress_____  too_____.Iwantto_____a______one.22.I'mtallerthanMike.(该成用原级的比较)I'm_________as________asMike.七、Therebe句型与have,has的区别1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is;主语是复数，be动词用are;如有几件物品，be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：  Howmany+      名词复数+arethere+介词短语？  Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：  What’s+介词短语？Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,thereare”1.I________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.____________atelescopeonthedesk.3.He_________atape-recorder.4._____________abasketballintheplayground.5.She__________somedresses.6.They___________anicegarden.7.Whatdoyou___________8.______________areading-roominthebuilding9.WhatdoesMike___________10.______________anybooksinthebookcase11.Myfather_________astory-book.12._______________astory-bookonthetable.13._______________anyflowersinthevase14.Howmanystudents____________intheclassroom15.Myparents___________somenicepictures.16._____________somemapsonthewall.17.______________amapoftheworldonthewall.18.David__________atelescope.19.David’sfriends___________sometents.20.______________manychildrenonthehill.用恰当的be动词填空。1、There      alotofsweetsinthebox.2、There    somemilkintheglass.3、There    somepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、There    apictureandamaponthewall.5、There    aboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、There    lotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、There    atinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8、There    fourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.Fill  in  the  blank  with  “have,  has”1.  I_________anicepuppet.2.  He_________agoodfriend.3.  They__________somemasks.4.  We___________someflowers.5.  She___________aduck.6.  Myfather____________anewbike.7.  Hermother___________avase.8.  Ourteacher_________anEnglishbook.9.    Ourteachers___________abasketball.10.  Theirparents___________someblankets11.  Nancy_________manyskirts.12.  David__________somejackets.13.  Myfriends__________afootball.14.  Whatdoyou__________15.  WhatdoesMike__________16.  Whatdoyourfriends___________17.  Wha