新视野第二册课后段落翻译(配中文)Unit1中国
书
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法(calligraphy)是一门独特的艺术,是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰宝。Chinesecalligraphyisauniqueartandtheuniquearttreasureintheworld.中国书法艺术的形成、发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。TheformationanddevelopmentoftheChinesecalligraphyiscloselyrelatedtotheemergenceandevolutionofChinesecharacters.汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中,一方面起着交流思想、继承文化的重要作用,另一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。Inthislongevolutionaryprocess,Chinesecharactershavenotonlyplayedanimportantroleinexchangingideasandtransmittingculturebutalsodevelopedintoauniqueartform.书法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来,所以,通常有"字如其人"的说法。Calligraphicworkswellreflectcalligraphers'personalfeelings,knowledge,self-cultivation,personality,andsoforth,thusthereisanexpressionthat"seeingthecalligrapher'shandwritingislikeseeingtheperson".中国书法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝,而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。AsoneofthetreasuresofChineseculture,Chinesecalligraphyshinessplendidlyintheworld'streasurehouseofcultureandart.Unit2近年来,随着互联网技术的发展,我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大的成就。Inrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofInternettechnology,theconstructionofdigitaleducationresourcesofourcountryhasmadegreatachievements.很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台,数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作用。Manyuniversitieshavesetuptheirowndigitallearningplatforms,anddigitalteachingisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleineducation.和传统教学方式相比,数字化教学方式有很大的优势。Comparedwiththetraditionalwayofteaching,thedigitalwayhasalotofadvantages.一方面,数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享;另一方面,它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间,人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。这使得人类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。Ononehand,digitalteachingmakesglobalsharingofteachingresourcespossible;ontheotherhand,itexpandsthelearner'sstudytimeandspacetolearn,allowingpeopletogetaccesstothedigitalvirtualschoolsthroughtheInternetanytimeandanywhere.Theseadvantagesmakeitpossibleforpeopletoshiftfromone-timelearningtolifelonglearning.Unit3孝道(filialpiety)是中国古代社会的基本道德
规范
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(codeofethics)。FilialpietyisthebasiccodeofethicsinancientChinesesociety.中国人把孝视为人格之本、家庭和睦之本、国家安康之本。Chinesepeopleconsiderfilialpietyastheessenceofaperson'sintegrity,familyharmony,andthenation'swell-being.由于孝道是儒家伦理思想的核心,它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。WithfilialpietybeingthecoreofConfucianethics,ithasbeenthemoralstandardfortheChinesesocietytomaintainthefamilyrelationshipforthousandsofyears.它毫无疑问是中华民族的一种传统美德。It'sundoubtedlyatraditionalChinesevirtue.孝道文化是一个复合概念,内容丰富,涉及面广。Thecultureoffilialpietyisacomplexconcept,richincontentandwideinrange.它既有文化理念,又有
制度
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礼仪(institutionaletiquette)。Itincludesnotonlyculturalideasbutalsoinstitutionaletiquettes.一般来说,它指社会要求子女对父母应尽的义务,包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。Generallyspeaking,itreferstotheobligationofchildrentotheirparentsrequiredbythesociety,includingrespect,care,supportfortheelderlyandsoforth.孝道是古老的"东方文明"之根本。Filialpietyisfundamentaltotheancient"Orientalcivilization".Unit4农历七月初七是中国的七夕节,是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。July7thontheChinesecalendarisChineseQixifestival,themostromanticofallthetraditionalChineseholidays.一些大的商家每年都会举办不同的活动,年轻人也送礼物给他们的情人。Everyyear,somebigbusinessesorganizevariousactivities,andyoungpeoplesendgiftstotheirlovers.因此,七夕节被认为是中国的“情人节”。Asaresult,theQixifestivalisconsideredtobeChinese“Valentine’sDay”.七夕节来自牛郎与织女的传说。TheQixiFestivalisderivedfromthelegendofCowherdandWeavingMaid.相传,每年的这个夜晚,天上的织女都会与牛郎相会。ThelegendholdsthatonthisparticularnighteveryyeartheWeavingMaidinheavenmeetswithCowherd.姑娘们也会在这一天向天上的织女乞求智慧,以获得美满姻缘。Onthisnight,girlswouldalsobegWeavingMaidforsomewisdomforahappymarriage.但随着时代的变迁,这些活动正在消失。But,withthechangingoftimes,theseactivitiesarediminishing.唯有标志着忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间。AllthatremainsisthelegendofCowherdandWeavingMaid,asignoffaithfullove,continuouslycirculated/spreadamongthefolk.Unit5丝绸之路(SilkRoad)是我国古代一条连接中国和欧亚大陆(Eurasia)的交通线路,由于这条商路以丝绸贸易为主,故称"丝绸之路"。TheSilkRoadisatrafficrouteintheancienttimesconnectingChinaandEurasia.Thistraderoutefocusesonthetradeofsilk,hencethename"theSilkRoad".作为国际贸易的通道和文化交流的桥梁,丝绸之路有效地促进了东西方经济文化交流和发展,对世界文明进程有着深远影响。Asaninternationaltradechannelandabridgeofculturalexchanges,theSilkRoadeffectivelyimprovedtheeconomicandculturalexchangesanddevelopmentbetweentheEastandtheWest,exertingaprofoundimpactontheprogressoftheworldcivilization.当前,在新的历史条件下,我国提出了"一带一路"(OneBelt,OneRoad)(即"丝绸之路经济带"和"21世纪海上丝绸之路")的战略构想。Nowadays,underthenewhistoricalcircumstances,ourcountryproposesthestrategyof"OneBelt,OneRoad"(namelytheSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21st-centuryMaritimeSilkRoad)."一带一路"以合作共赢为核心,强调相关各国的互利共赢和共同发展。Thestrategyof"OneBelt,OneRoad"focusesoncooperationandmutualbenefits,emphasizingmutualbenefits,win-win,aswellascommondevelopmentoftherelatedcountries.这一战略一经提出即受到沿线各国的积极响应。Onceproposed,thestrategyhasreceivedpositiveresponsesfromtherelatedcountriesalongtheroad.Unit6国民幸福指数(NationalHappinessIndex,NHI)是衡量人们幸福感的一种指数,也是衡量一个国家或地区经济发展、居民生活与幸福水平的指标工具。NationalHappinessIndex(NHI)isanindexthatmeasureshowhappypeopleare.Itisalsoatoolthatmeasuresthelevelsofeconomicdevelopmentandpeople'slivelihoodandhappinessinacountryorregion.随着中国经济的高速增长,中国政府越来越重视人民群众生活质量和幸福指数的提升。WiththefastgrowthofChineseeconomy,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenpayingmoreandmoreattentiontopeople'slivingqualityandtheincreaseofhappinessindex.政府注重改善民生,努力改善人民群众的经济状况,满足人民群众日益增长的物质文化需求。Thegovernmentstressesimprovementofitspeople'slivelihood,strivingtoimprovetheireconomicconditionsandmeettheirgrowingmaterialandculturalneeds.当前,中国政府提倡释放改革红利,让人民群众得到更多实惠。Currently,theChinesegovernmentadvocatestheunleashingofmorereformdividends,withtheaimofofferingmorerealbenefitstoitspeople.所有这些都将有效促进我国国民幸福指数不断提升。AllthesemeasureswillcombinetoeffectivelyincreasetheNHIofourpeople.Unit7中国是丝绸的故乡,因而有很多与丝绸相关的艺术,刺绣(embroidery)就是其中的一种。Chinaishometosilk,therebyhavingavarietyofartsrelatedtosilk,oneofwhichisembroidery.刺绣是中国民间传统手
工艺
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之一,至少有两、三千年的历史。Embroidery,withatleasttwoorthreethousandyearsofhistory,isoneoftheChinesetraditionalfolkartsandcrafts.从事刺绣的多为女子,因此刺绣又被称为"女红"(women'sneedlework)。Sincemostembroiderersarewomen,it'salsocalled"women'sneedlework".刺绣在中国受到了人们广泛的喜爱。Embroideryhasbeenmuch-lovedbytheChinesepeople.刺绣可用来装饰衣物,如在衣服、被子、枕套(pillowcase)等物品上绣上美丽的图案,也可制作成特别的饰品(ornament)。Itcanbeusedtobeautifyclothingandthings.Forexample,clothes,quilts,pillowcasesetc.canbeembroideredwithbeautifuldesigns,orapieceofembroiderycanbemadeforaspecialornament.中国有四大名绣:苏州的苏绣、广东的粤绣、湖南的湘绣以及四川的蜀绣。各种绣法不仅风格有差异,主
题
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也各有不同。TherearefourmostfamoustypesofembroideryinChina:SuxiufromSuzhou,YuexiufromGuangdong,XiangxiufromHunan,andShuxiufromSichuan,eachhavingitsownstyleandtheme.在这其中,苏州的苏绣最负盛名。Amongthefour,Suzhouembroideryhasenjoyedthehighestreputation.