英语句子概论

英语句子概论 简单句 并列句 复合句简单句只有一个限定动词（即只有一个主谓结构），它是最小的句子单位。主要起下列四种作用中的一种。 作一种陈述 提出一个问题 发出一种命令或请求 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示一种感叹Examples:Theboyhitthedog./Thedogbittheboy.Thegirlreadthebooks./Thebookspleasedthegirl.Stephenapologizedatonce.Doestheshopcloseat7tonight?Shutthedoor.Whataslowtrainthisis!简单句的扩展成份简单句的主语、宾语可以加上一个短语（如定语）来扩展，及物动词或不及物动词也可以与其它短语（如状语）连用进行扩展。Iboughtaraincoatwithawarmlining.Thedogjumpedthroughthewindow.Heissavinguptobuyamobilephone.Abrightlittleboywithrosycheeksputthreebottlesofmilkquietlyonmydoorstepbeforeseveno’clock.HeworkedlikeamadmaninthegardenonSaturday.Theyounggirlwithlongblackhairseemstobeveryhappy.并列句需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。用分号：Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchathing.用分号，后跟一个连接副词：Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchathing.用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等）Wefishedallday,but(we)didn’tcatchathing.由一个主句和一个或者一个以上从句所构成的句子。在英语书面语中应用广泛。主句是一个完整的句子,它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。复合句可以通过把两个以上简单句连接在一起构成,但复合句的各组成部份并非同等重要，其中一个句子由从属连词引导（从句），用以修饰另一句子（主句）。复合句=主句+从句复合句复合句是在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起形容词、名词、副词的作用。复合句主要包含以下类型从句： 1.主语从句2.宾语从句 3.表语从句4.定语从句 5.状语从句6.同位语从句英文写作中最常使用的从句 宾语从句 状语从句 定语从句复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Hetoldmethenews.thatthematchhadbeencancelled.宾语howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycar.thatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycarandthatIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.whenhewasleavingforParis.thathisfatherwasworkinginthatschool.宾语从句复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Idon’tknowhim.Hehasfinishedhisworkthathehasfinishedhiswork.whetherhehasfinishedhiswork.宾语从句HeisleavingforWashington.thatheisleavingforWashington.whenheisleavingforWashington.whyheisleavingforWashington.howheisleavingforWashington.whetherheisleavingforWashington.复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句thepeoplesurprisedThatWhathesaidwhathedid主语Thathedidn’tknowtheanswerintheroom.定语whoweresittingintheroom.whowerepresent.whosesonswereatwar.whohadsignedthecontract.复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Thatisthefact.表语whatheneeds.whathegaveme.whyhewaslate.becausehewasill.whathashappened.复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Heworkedinthatfactorythreeyearsago.地点状语时间状语wherehisfatherworkedinthatfactorywhereIlivedwhenhelivedthereHisfatherworkedthere.Ilivedthere.Helivedtherethreeyearsago.复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Putthebookonthedesk.whereyoutookit.whereitwas.地点状语whereyoufoundit.Youcan’tcamphere.wheretherearealotoftrees.whereveryoulike.指出下列各从句的类型 Ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell. ShewasreadinganovelwhenIcamein. Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.宾语从句状语从句定语从句Practice用所给连词连接句子。Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoYorkonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoYork.将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。PracticeHedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因)Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.（时间）Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.（结果）We’llgotothegreatwall.It’sfinetomorrow.(条件)Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(让步）Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.We’llgotothegreatwallifit’sfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimassoonasIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimthemomentIseehim.