文体分析新闻的文体特征

StylisticAnalysisofNewsReportsConclusionGraphologicalFeatures语相特征LexicalFeatures词汇特征Syntactic/GrammaticalFeaturesSemanticFeatures语义特征StylisticfeaturesofEnglishnewsreportsinclude:句法和语法特征AnalyzingPassageone:ALinguisticDescriptiveApproach（P161）Pleasepayattentiontothecharacteristicsofsentencesinthisnewsreport.Points:Pleasemarkallthepunctuationsinthisnewsreport.Pleaseobservethestructurefeatures.Eye-catchingheadlinesToproduceprominenteye-catchingeffects,“BaghdadMarketIsHitby3Bombs”isprintedinboldtype,andinlargefontsthatformsasharpcontrastwiththenewsleadinsmallerfonts.ShortparagraphsTheuseofshortparagraphsiseasyandconvenientforthepotentialreaderstofollow.Aswecansee,passageoneissplitinto12smallerparagraphscontaining19sentences.Therefore,wecaneasytoknowthebackgroundoftheterroristattack---thetime,themakerandtheinjuredpeople.AtthelexicallevelTheuseofArabicnumeralsJournalistshaveapreferenceforArabicnumerals:Arabicnumeralscanmakethingsmorereasonable;Arabicnumeralscanbeunderstooduniversally;ArabicnumeralstakelesstimeandspacetobeprintedthanEnglishequivalents.ItusesalotofArabicafigurestoillustratethenumberofinjuredordeadpeople,therelateddates,andthedistanceofsomelocations.TheuseofabbreviationsTosavetimeandspace,abbreviationsareusedinthenewsreport.TheuseofshortpowerwordsShortpowerfulwordsareverysimpleandeasy-to-understandandspace-saving.Thesewordsalsosoundvividandexciting,especiallyintheheadline.TheuseofnamesofplacesandpeopleTomakethenewsappearpreciseandconcrete,lotsofnamesofplacesandpeoplearegivenprominence.TheuseofclichésandsetexpressionsThisnewsreportwaspostedonthesamedaythatthecarbombinghappened.Undergreattimepressure,theeditorhastorelyonthosehandyandlabor-savingclichésandsetexpressiontopostthenewsontothewebpagesassoonaspossible.Atthesyntactical/grammaticallevelSentencetypesandcomplexityInthisnewsreport,thesearealtogether19sentences,allofwhicharestatementssuitableforthedominantfunctionofgivinginformation.Besides,thejournalistsusuallyalternatebetweentheuseoflongandshort,complexandsimplesentencestomakethereadingeasierandgivevarietytotherhythmofthearticleandtobreaktheboredomofreading.FrequentuseofquotationsMostofthesentencesfollowtheusual“subject-predicate”order,sincemostofthesentencesinnewsreportingaredeclarativesentences.Butwhenitcomestoverbsindicatingtheideaofsay,thenormal“subject-predicate”ordermaybecome“predicate-subject”order.TensesinheadlinesandbodyTheheadlineiswritteninthesimplepresenttensetoconveyasenseoffreshness,whilethesimplepasttenseisusedinthesub-headlinetohighlightapastfact.Thesimplepasttenseisusedinthebodytext,sincemostnewsreportsconveyinformationoftheeventsthatjusthappened.8AtthesemanticlevelAnalysisofthefeaturesofjournalisticEnglishatthislevelmainlyfocusontherealizationandinterpretationofthemeaningofthesamplenewsreport.TheheadlineInthestraightheadline“BaghdadMarketIsHitBy3Bombs”sevensimplepowerfulwordsareusedtoconveythe“where,what,why”informationtothemassiveaudienceoftheword.Furthermore,thesub-headline---“AtLeast51DeadInCoordinatedAttackonShiites”isusedtoexplainthesituationofthenewsindetail.TheleadTheopeningparagraphofthenewsreportisthelead---thegistofthewholemessage,whichisanimportantcharacterofnewsreporting.What:triplecarbombingstruckWhere:abusyshoppingdistrictWhen:SaturdayHow:killingatleast51peopleandwoundingmorethan90inanattacktimedtoinflictasmanycasualtiesaspossible.TheuseofvaguetermsAlthoughnewsreportingisoftenconsideredtohavethefeaturesofaccuracyofitscontents,brevityofitslanguageandclarityofitsconstruction,vaguetermsandexpressionsstillexisttoaconsiderablylargeextent.Thereasonfortheuseofvaguetermsmaybediplomaticconsiderations,contextualappropriateness,andforbeinginformativeandrelevant.TextpresentationTheeventsofthenewsreportarearrangedaccordingtotherelativeimportanceofthedetailsoftheevents.Thisisadvantageoustoboththereaderandtheeditor.Thatistosay,thesamplereportofthenewseventgoesinalogicalorder:Themostimportantthingcomesfirst,thenfollowsdetailedinformationinalogicalorderandtheleastimportantcomeslast.Thankyou!