名词性从句学案(优)

名词性从句复习学案班级_____________组别_________________姓名__________________【自主学习，明确目标】教学目标：1）了解名词性从句的定义、种类，及其位置。2）掌握名词性从句的语序，引导词的选择及其技巧。2．教学重点:熟记that,whether,if,what,which等引导词的特殊用法。3.易混淆点：1）whether,if的区别；2）that,what的区别；what,which的区别4)主语从句中的主谓一致问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。【自主学习，问题生成】一、感受名词性从句:猜猜下列谚语的汉语意思，并判断各句中的名词性从句分别是什么从句。What'slostislost.(句意：______________________________________________________从句)Itisknowntoallthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.(句意：________从句)Don’tputofftilltomorrowwhatshouldbedonetoday.(句意：________从句)Childrenarewhatthemothersare.(句意：________从句)Weholdthistruththatallmenarecreatedequal.(句意：________从句)二、基础知识回顾：名词性从句的定义、句法功能和分类由连接词引导，在复合句中起____词作用的从句叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。名词性从句在复合句中的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任________语、_______语、________语和_______语等，因此根据它在句中不同的句法功能，名词性从句又可分别分为________从句、__________从句、___________从句，和_________从句。引导名词性从句的连接词，及其在句中的作用。名词性从句的引导词在从句中的作用连词that(无意义),whether/if(是否)不充当句子成分，只起连接作用连接代词what,who,whom(宾格),which,主语，宾语，表语，whose,whose只作定语whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever3.解连接副词when,where,why,how,because状语题方whenever,wherever,however法：1).找出主句的谓语，确定是什么从句。2). 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 从句的句子成分，缺什么，补什么；不缺句子成分，不缺意思，就选_______;不缺句子成分，只缺“是否”，就选__________或if；缺主语/宾语/表语，就补连接______词，选what,who,whom,which等；缺状语，就补连接_________词，选when,where,why,how等。3).确定词性后，再根据句子的意思选择适当的引导词。我的问题：（你在预习中有哪些未能解决的问题和有疑问的地方写在下面做个备忘吧！等待课堂上与老师和同学他就讨论解决。）【合作探究，解决问题】探究一：观察句子，找出主句谓语，划出从句，判断从句类型。1.Whoevercomesiswelcome.(从句)Itisreportedthatthreepeoplewerekilledinthetrafficaccidentyesterday.(___________从句)Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.(____________从句)4.Iwonderedwhyyouweresoangry.(从句)Italldependsonhowwesolvetheproblem.(____________从句)Ithinkitnecessarythatweshoulddoourhomework.(_____________从句)7.IhavenoideawhichoneIshouldchoose.(从句)小结一：从句在复合句中作主语。________从句一般位于主句________词或介词之后(如例1)，为避免主语冗长，句子头重脚轻，经常用_______作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末(如例2)。在复合句中作宾语的从句叫作_______从句。它常位于_______词或介词之后(如例4,5)。当宾语后面还有宾补时，常用______作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的宾语从句放到__________(如例7)在复合句中用作表语的从句叫作_______从句。它一般位于_______动词之后。（如例3）。4.同位语从句一般位于fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,information,doubt,hope,opinion,plan,suggestion等抽象____词之后，进一步解释和说明前面名词的具体内容或含义。(如例8)探究二：名词性从句的语序问题：选择最佳答案。1.Noonecanbesure____inamillionyears.A.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike2.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited小结二：名词性从句在句中要用_______语序,(即连接词+主语+谓语⋯⋯)，从句的引导词必须始终置于从句的句首。探究三：主谓一致问题：（用括号中的词的适当形式填空。）Whenthemeetingwillbegin_________(have)notbeendecidedyet.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_________(have)notbeendecidedyet.Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_________(be)stillunknown.Whatweneed__________(be)moretime.Whatweneed_________(be)moredictionaries.小结三：1.单个的主语从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词一般用_______数形式。（如例1）由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_______数形式。（如例2）如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_______数形式。（如例3）由what引导从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词的数一般与后面的______语的数保持一致。(如例4、5)探究四：连接词的选用：(一)whether和if的选用(用A.whether/ifB.whetherC.if填空)1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.Itisdoubtful_________hewillcomehere.3._____________hewillcomeisnotclear.4.Thequestionis__________he’llcome.5.Ihaven’tdecided_______togothere.6.Italldependson________theywillsupportus.7.Idon’tknow_____ornotheiswell.8.Ihavenoidea_________themeetingwillbeputoff.小结：1.用whether，if均可的情况：引导_______词后的宾语从句(如例1)；(2)当it作形式主语，主语从句在________时(如例2)2.下列情况下只能用whether,不能用if引导名词性从句：(1)引导从句并在句首时(如例3)、引导___________从句(如例4)、同位语从句(如例8)；(2)引导_____词后的宾语从句(如例6)；(3)从句后紧跟着_______时(如例7);(4)后接不定式时(如例5)。(二)that和what的选用1.______hewantsisencouragement.（选择A.thatB.what填空）2.Ihavenodoubt_____youwillsucceed.3.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.4.Heisnolonger____heusedtobe.小结：1.That在名词性从句中_______任何成分，只起连接作用,即当从句是完整的也不缺任何意义时，就选_______。_______除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的_____语、_____语、或_____语，即当从句中缺主语、宾语或表语时，就选______(如例1,3,4)。what的含义是：“什么”、“所⋯⋯的人/地方/样子”等。(三)which与what的选用(选用which或what填空)TheIndiansusedtolivein________isnowpartoftheUSA.Therearemanykindsofbikesintheshop.Idon'tknow__________tochoose.Iwanttobuysomethingformymotherasagift,butIdon’tknow_________tobuy.Itisstillunknown_________teamwillwinthematch.解题点拨：_______表示泛指的事物,常译为"什么"或"所⋯⋯的事物"；which表示________范围内的“哪一个(些)”。(四)that,because,why的选用(选用A.thatB.becauseC.why填空)Hefailedtheexam.That’s______hedidn’tstudyhardenough.Tomisill.Thatwas________hewasabsentfromschoolthismorning.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas_______hemissedthetrainbyoneminute.解题点拨：1.That’sbecause⋯.那是因为⋯⋯(强调原因)；That’swhy⋯.那是⋯⋯的缘故(强调结果)。2.在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用________,不能用because(如例探究五：连词that(一)that的省略（选择A.thatB.(that)填空）Theresultis__________wewonthegame.Ithink________itwillclearupthisafternoonand__________theywillcometosaygoodbyetous.Thisisaverygoodcompositionexcept___________thereareafewspellingmistakes.Ithinkitnecessary__________youshouldreadEnglishaloudeveryday.解题点拨：1.That引导主语从句、______从句和同位语从句时不能省略(如例1)。2.that引导______从句时，常可省略，但在下列三种情况下不能省略：①当that引导的从句作____词的宾语时(如例3)；②当有_____作形式宾语，而that引导的宾语从句放于句末时(如例4)；③当有两个或多个并列宾语从句时，引导第一个从句的that可(二)介词后的that宾语从句(选用A.itthatB.that填空)Heisagoodstudentexcept________heisalittlebitcareless.Youmaydependon__________weshallneverloseheart.解题点拨：that从句一般不作_______词的宾语，偶尔可作except,but,in等的宾语(如例1)；【问题拓展，能力提升】读下面一篇作文,划出文中的名词性从句,并说明是什么从句（主语、宾语、表语从句）。MynameisLiQing.WhatIlikemostaresportsandEnglish.IlikemakingfriendsandIamreadytohelpothers.Inmyopinion，successinlifedependsmainlyonwhetheronecangetalongwellwithothers.I’msurethatIcanbeyourgoodfriend.Itisknownthatamanwhohasasettledpurpose(明确的目标)willsurelysucceed.MyhopeisthatIcanbeadmittedtoakeyuniversityI’mdreamingof.However,itisafactthatIdon’tdoverywellinstudy.Allinall,Iwillmakemoreeffortstomakemydreamcometrue.第二课时教学目标：1）学习名词性从句的时态运用；2）学习名词性从句中的虚拟语气；3）学习同位语从句。教学重难点：1)同位语从句及其引导词的选用;2)疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句易混淆点：1）同位语从句的引导词whether与that的区别；2）同位语从句与定语从句的区别。探究一：易错易混淆点：(一)it作形式宾语（选择最佳答案）1.Weallfind_________importantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecision.A.thatB.itC.thisD.which2.Ihate________whentheytalkwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them3.I’dappreciate______ifyoucancometohelpme.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you解题点拨：1.若主句谓语动词是_______，feel，consider,make,believe等，常用______作形式宾语，而将宾语从句置于宾补后(如例1)。有些动词接从句作宾语时要用______作形式宾语，这类动词主要有________，________，take，love，like,seeto,dependon,counton等(如例2、3)。(二)名词性从句中的虚拟语气(选择最佳答案)1.Itisrequiredthatthework_____________finishedbeforedark.A.willbeB.wouldbeC.shouldbeD.mustbe2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Mysuggestionisthatwe___________outearly.A.willstartB.wouldstartC.startoutD.started4.Wesuggestedthatthemeeting___________.A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff5.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe______satisfiedwithourwork.A.wasB.isC.beD.hasbeenTheboyinsistedthathe__________nothingwrongandinsistedthathe__________punished.A.shoulddo;notpunishB.did;notpunishC.haddone;notbepunishedD.do;shouldnotbepunished小结一：1.在“Itis+形容词(necessary/natural/strange/advisable/⋯)+that...”句型中,谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即______________(如例2)。表示建议、要求、命令,坚持要求/主张等动词如：_______、advise、propose、demand、______、advice、request、command、order等后的宾语从句、表语从句谓语动词要用__________表示虚拟(如例1、4、6)。注意:suggest当表示“暗示、表明”，insist表示“坚持认为”时，从句不用虚拟语气，而按需要来选择时态(如例5、6)。在suggestion,proposal,plan,order,advice等表示“建议、计划、命令、劝告”的名词后的同位语从句、__________从句中要用_________语气，即__________________如(例3)。(三)wh-ever与nomatterwh-的用法区别Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof____sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2.Hewouldbelieve______yousaid.A.anythingwhatB.whateverC.nomatterwhatD.whatever3.________Isaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.A.WhateverB.NomatterwhatC.Whatever/NomatterwhatD.Anythingwhat解题点拨：wh-ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句而nomatterwh-只能引导让步状语从句(如例3)。(如例1、2)；探究二：同位语从句(一)同位语从句中引导词的选用(用适当的连词完成句子)1.Ihavenoidea_________hehasgone.2.Ihavenoidea_________hedidit.3.Ihavenoidea__________hedid.解题点拨：在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。Asayinggoes_________practicemakesperfect熟.能生巧是一句谚语。Word(消息)came_____themayor(市长)willvisitourschoolnextweek.解题点拨：同位语从句的引导词有时与它所解释说明的名词被其他成分隔开，构成分隔(二)选用whether或that填空Thereisnodoubt__________hewillkeephispromise.Wehavesomedoubt__________theycancompletethetaskontime.Idon’tdoubt____________youwillsucceed.Idoubt__________hewillcometonight.解题点拨：doubt(怀疑)即可作动词，也可作名词，用于肯定句时，其后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用_______引导(如例7、9)；doubt用于否定句时(不怀疑)，其后的宾语从句和同位语从句常用_______引导从句(如例6、8)。在同位语从句中表示“是否”时，(三)选用A.thatB.whichC.that/which填空10.Thenews__________(which/that)ourteamhaswonthematchistrue.(从句)Thenews_____________(which/that)hetoldmejustnowistrue．(_________从句)连词“that引”导同位语从句与定语从句的区别：引导从句that在从句中有无意可否省可否用从句的作用的作用义略which代替同位语从连接词________成______不省略不可代替说明前面名句分，词只起连接作的具体内容用，定语从句关系代、、表有意义作____指____时常或限______可用which代_______词语，语制起连接作用，时可省替先行词略【问题拓展，能力提升】一、单项填空1.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wheneverItisnoneofyourbusiness________otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.(2007福建)A.howB.whatC.whichD.when3.Hedidn’tmake______clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(2007天津)A.thisB.thatC.itD.these4.I’dappreciate______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you___shecouldn’tunderstandwasfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.(2000全国卷)A.that;whatB.what;whyC.what;becauseD.why;that6.Wordcame_____Napoleon(拿破仑)himselfwascomingtoinspectthem.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that7.Itsuddenlyoccurredtohim_____hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(2012年江西卷)A.whetherB.whereC.whichD.that8.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_____shewassoangry.(2010湖南卷)A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.—That’s____donI’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.(2010江苏卷)A.whereB.howC.whenD.what二、单句改错：1.Ididn’tknowthatyouwillcome.2.Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven’tbeendecidedyet.3.Couldyoutellmewhenwilltheyarrive4.Idon’tknowhowIshoulddonext.Howandwhyhedidtheexperimentareunknowntoall.三、以下是一封高三毕业生给老师的一封信,在空白处填入适当的连接词，使其内容完整、意思连贯。Dearteachers，____makesusdepressed______wewillgraduatefromChongyaMiddleSchool.Thereasonwhywearesosadis_______wewillhavetosaygoodbyetoourlovelyteachersandclassmates.Thedayswespenttogetherarefullofjoysandtears._____youarealwayssostrictwithusmademehateyou.However,youarealsoreadytogiveyourhandto_______turnstoyouforhelp.Nowweunderstand_____youhavetriedtodoforus._____youdoandsayisofgreathelptous.Wedon’tcareabout_______wecansurvivethestruggle———NationalEntranceExamornot._____wecherishis_____wehaveenjoyedtheprocess.Thanksforyourteaching!Bestwishes!Yours，Polo