考研考博-英语-河北工程大学考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-河北工程大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题PassageOneItisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlite,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign,otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwiththedeadbodiesofthesegrannies.Aveterandriverwhosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofboatmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.21.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby（）.22.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog...therule.”(Paragraph1)impliesthat（）.23.By“goodsense”(Paragraph2),thewritermeans（）.24.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,（）.25.Inthewriter’sopinion,（）.问题1选项A.people’sattitudetowardstheroad-hogB.therhythmofmodernlifeC.thebehaviorofthedriverD.trafficconditions问题2选项A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotoristsB.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionallyC.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetheroad-hogD.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists问题3选项A.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonablyB.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultandsevereconditionsC.thedriver’stoleranceofrudeorevensavagebehaviorD.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations问题4选项A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrificeB.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachotherC.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselvesD.driverswillsuffergreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers问题5选项A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneededB.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperlyC.rudedriversshouldbepunishedD.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】21.【试题答案】C【试题解析】判断推理题。根据文章第一句Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlite,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible（我们可以责怪交通堵塞、汽油成本和现代生活的快节奏，但道路上的礼仪正变得可怕）可以推断出，C选项“司机的行为”符合题意。22.【试题答案】D【试题解析】判断推理题。根据划线部分“你可能会容忍那些古怪的横冲直撞、粗鲁无礼的司机，但如今那些有礼貌的司机却是例外”可以推断出，有礼貌的司机不多见，因此D选项“现在不礼貌的司机占大多数”正确。23.【试题答案】A【试题解析】判断推理题。根据第二段第二句Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior（当遇到不文明行为时，只有头脑最冷静、脾气最好的司机才能抵制报复的诱惑）可以推断出，司机的goodsense是指他们能理智地看待别人的行为并做出适当的反应，因此A选项“司机的理解能力和合理反应的能力”正确。24.【试题答案】B【试题解析】事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二句Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.（多年前，专家警告我们，汽车保有量的激增将要求所有道路使用者更多的互让）可知，B选项“司机们应该做好互相让道的准备”正确。25.【试题答案】B【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第一句Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo（马路礼貌不仅是一种礼貌，也是一种良好的意识）和第三段第一句However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous（然而，错误的礼貌也可能是危险的）可知，作者认为司机应文明驾驶，但又要恰当地礼让，因此B选项“司机应该适当地使用道路礼貌”正确。2.单选题Nexttimeyoustopforgasataself-servepump,sayhellototherobotinfrontofyou.ItslifestorycantellyoualotabouttheroboteconomyroaringtowarduslikeanEF5tornadoontheprairie.Thefirstcrudeversionofanautomatedgas-deliveringrobotappearedin1964atastationinWestminster,Colorado.ShortStopconveniencestoreownerJohnRoscoeboughtanelectricboxthatletaclerkinsideactivateanyofthepumpsoutside.Self-servepumpsdidn’tcatchonuntilthe1970s,whenpump-makersaddedautomationthatletcustomerspayatthepump,andoverthenext30years,stationsacrossthenationinstalledthesetask-specificrobotsandfiredattendants.Ashashappenedthroughoutthehistoryofautomation,somejobsgotdestroyedbyautomatedgaspumps,butnewandoftenbetterjobswerecreated.Attendantswentaway,buttomakethesophisticatedpumps,companieslikeWayneFuelingSystemsinTexashiredsoftwarecoders,engineers,salesstaffandprojectmanagers.Stationownerstooktheirextraprofitsandturnedtheirstationsintomini-marts,whichneededclerks.Consumersspentlessmoneyongasbecausetheyweren’tpayingforsomeoneelsetopumpit.Agenerationofgasstationattendantsgotsmoked,buttheautomationsentsomeclearsignalsthatrelyingonsuchunskilledjobsisn’tagreatcareerplan.Thosesignalsledtomoreparentsencouragingtheirkidstogotocollege.Soovertime,wetookhundredsofthousandsofpeopleoutofthepoolofthosewhomightwantagasstationattendantjobandpushedthemup,towardtheprofessionaljobmarket,addingalotofvaluetosocietyandtheirwallets.Economistshaveshowntimeandagainthatautomationhelpsoverallstandardsoflivingrise,literacyratesimprove,averagelifespanlengthenandcrimeratesfall.Afterwavesofautomation,werewaybetteroffinalmosteveryway.AsMattRidleydetailsinhisbookTheRationalOptimist,in1900,theaverageAmericanspent$76outofevery$100onfoodclothingandshelter.Today,heorshespends$37tobuyaModelTin1908tookabout4,700hoursofwork;Today,theaveragepersonhastoworkabout1,000hourstobuyacarthat’sathousandtimesbetterthanaModelT.TheUnitedNationsestimatesthatpovertywasreducedmoreinthepast50yearsthanintheprevious500.Ifprogresshasbeenlesskindtothelowerendoftheworkforce,itstillhelpsthatsegmentlivebetterthanbefore,atleastbymakingproductsmoreaffordableandbetteratthesametime.Andnow,evenwithsoftwareautomatingallkindsofwork,therearesignsthatthetechnologyiscreatingmorejobsthanitdestroys.U.S.censusdatareleasedinSeptembershowedthelargestannualdropinpovertysince1999.Nearly3millionjobswerecreatedfrom2014to2015.DonaldTrumpwonthepresidentialelectionbypromisingtobringJobs“back”toAmerica—apromisebelievedbymanywhofeelleftbehindbytechnology-drivenshifts.Yetallevidencesuggeststhatthejobslieahead,createdbymovingforward.17.WhathasJohnRoscoebeennotedfor?18.ThearticlehasgivenconcreteevidencetoillustratethebenefitsofautomationEXCEPT______.19.MattRidley’sTheRationalOptimistrevealsthatpeoplein1908__________.20.Whatdoes“movingforward”inthelastsentenceofthisarticleprobablymean?问题1选项A.Inventingthefirstself-servepumps.B.Installinggas-deliveringrobotsacrosstheUS.C.Makingautomatedrobotspopularatgasstations.D.Firstusingautomationtechnologyatagasstation.问题2选项A.creatingjobsB.improvingliteracyC.lengtheninglifespanD.raisinglivingstandards问题3选项A.workedforverylonghourstobuildacarB.weregenerallynotabletoaffordaModelTC.werelesskindtothelowerendoftheworkforceD.spentthelargerpartoftheirmoneyonnecessities问题4选项A.Usingtechnology.B.Helpingthelesseducated.C.SupportingTrump’selection.D.BringingjobsbacktoAmerica.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A【解析】17.【试题答案】D【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：约翰因……而闻名？据题干定位至文章第二段第一二句话Thefirstcrudeversionofanautomatedgas-deliveringrobotappearedin1964atastationinWestminster,Colorado.ShortStopconveniencestoreownerJohnRoscoeboughtanelectricboxthatletaclerkinsideactivateanyofthepumpsoutside.（1964年，首台粗糙版的自动供油机器人出现在科罗拉多的威斯敏特斯的一个加油站。ShortStop便利店店主约翰购买了电箱，让店员待在电箱里，触动外部的泵。），可知约翰购买了电箱，成为首个在加油站用自动化技术的，因此D选项“在加油站最先使用自动化技术”，符合题意；文章只提到了1964年出现了第一个自动供油机器，并没有提到谁发明了这一机器，因此A选项“发明了首台自助油泵”，不对；B选项“在美国各地安装了供油机器人”，原文提到的是andoverthenext30years,stationsacrossthenationinstalledthesetask-specificrobotsandfiredattendants.（在接下来的30年里，全国各地的工作站安装了这些特定任务的机器人，解雇了工作人员。），而约翰只是在他的便利店安装了自助油泵，故B选项排除；C项“在加油站普及自动化机器人”，约翰只是在他的便利店安装了自助油泵，并没有推广其在加油站的使用，因此C选项排除。综上所述，本题正确答案为D选项。18.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节事实题。题干：文章有确切证据证明自动化带来的一系列好处，除了……？文章第三段第一句话提到Ashashappenedthroughoutthehistoryofautomation,somejobsgotdestroyedbyautomatedgaspumps,butnewandoftenbetterjobswerecreated.（贯穿整个自动化历史的是，自动供气泵使人们丧失了一些工作，同时也创造了一些新的，更好的工作。）可知自动化在创造工作机会的同时，也毁掉了一些工作机会，A选项“创造工作”，不够全面和正确，故排除；由文章第五段第一句话Economistshaveshowntimeandagainthatautomationhelpsoverallstandardsoflivingrise,literacyratesimprove,averagelifespanlengthenandcrimeratesfall.（经济学家一再证明，自动化有助于提高总体生活水平、提高识字率、延长平均寿命和降低犯罪率。），可知B选项“促进识字”，C选项“延长寿余”和D选项“提升生活水平”，均是自动化带来的一系列好处。综上所述，本题正确答案为A选项。19.【试题答案】B【试题解析】细节事实题。题干：马特里德利的《理性乐观主义》揭示1908年的人……？根据题干定位至倒数第二段Today,heorshespends$37tobuyaModelTin1908tookabout4,700hoursofwork;（当今，他或她花费37美元购买T型发动机汽车，而在1908年，人们需要花4700小时工作赚的钱才能买得起这辆汽车；），由此可知1908年T型发动机汽车很贵，而且人们很难负担得起，因此B选项“一般而言买不起T型发动机小汽车”正确；A选项“工作很长时间造汽车”文章 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达的意思是人们需要工作很长时间来赚钱买车，而不是造汽车，A选项不符合题意；C选项“对底层劳动力不那么友好”在文章没有提到。不能通过这本书推断出来C选项，故排除；D选项“消耗大部分的钱在必需品上”，书中提到的是1900年的人们把大部分的钱花在生活必需品上面而不是1908年的人，故D选项排除。综上所述，本题正确答案为B选项。20.【试题答案】A【试题解析】语义推测题。题干：这篇文章最后一句中的“movingforward”可能是什么意思？根据题干定位至最后一段最后两句DonaldTrumpwonthepresidentialelectionbypromisingtobringJobs“back”toAmerica—apromisebelievedbymanywhofeelleftbehindbytechnology-drivenshifts.Yetallevidencesuggeststhatthejobslieahead,createdbymovingforward.（特朗普通过承诺给美国带去工作机会而赢得了总统选举，很多感到在技术驱动大潮中落后的人相信了这个承诺。然而所有的证据表明即将到来的工作机会，是由______带来的。），结合全文中心自动化以及自动化带来的好处推测，技术进步和发展才能创造工作，因此A选项“使用技术”为最佳答案。B选项“帮助接受教育程度低的人”和D选项“带工作机会回美国”，在文中没有提及；C项“支持特朗普的选举”，属于文章的过度推断，排除。综上所述，本题正确答案为A选项。3.单选题Inmanaginginformationresources,themediummaybethekeytoaneffectivesystem.Themediumisavehicle,atool,oracontainerforholdinginformation;theinformationitselfisthethingofvalue.Threepopularcategoriesofinformationmediaarepaper,film，andelectronicstoragedevices.Themediachoicemustnotbeviewedasachoiceamongthesethree,however;itmustbeviewedasanopportunitytoselectfromamultitudeofmediapossibilitiesincombinationsthatbuildeffectivesystems.Inmanyinstancesthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementisnotthepersonwhodeterminesthemediuminwhichinformationwillbecreated.Insuchacase,themanagerofafirm’sinformationresourcesfacesachallengeinmakingasignificantcontributiontotheorganization’sobjectives.Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,mediaconversionmaybenecessary.Examplesincludekeyingorscanningpaperdocumentstoconvertthemtoelectronicmedia.Otherprocessesconvertelectronicmediafromoneformattoanother.Forexample,diskfilescreatedononesystemmaynotbecompatiblewithanothersystem.Varioushardwareandsoftwarecombinationscanbeusedtoconvertfilestoformatsthatequipmentwillaccept.Forinformationgeneratedwithinorganizations,thisnecessityofmakingsystemscompatiblemaybeeliminatedbycooperativeplanning.However,verylittlecontrolcanbeexercisedoverthemediausedtogenerateinformationthatcomestoyourorganizationfromtheoutside.Themediumforinformationmaybeselectedtosatisfyaneedthatexistswheninformationiscreatedandcommunicated.Forexample,apaperrecordmaybecreatedbecauseofitsportabilityandbecausenospecialequipmentisnecessaryforlaterreferencestothatinformation;electronictransmissionmaybeselectedbecauseitisthefastestmeansofcommunicatinginformation.Afirmmayuseelectronicmailbecauseanetworkalreadyexistsforon-linecomputercommunication.Theadditionalapplicationmaycostlessthanpostagetomailpapermemo.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?2.Thefirstparagraphaimsattellingthereader（）3.Accordingtotheauthor,（）4.Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,themanagershould（）5.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis（）问题1选项A.MediaSelectioninManagingInformationResources.B.TheImportanceandNecessityofMediaConversion.C.ThreeCategoriesofInformationMedia.D.VariousMeansofCommunicatingInformation.问题2选项A.theimportanceofinformationresourcesmanagementB.therelationshipbetweenthemediumandinformationC.thegreatvarietyofmediaforholdinginformationD.thenumerousresourcesofinformation问题3选项A.paperisthebeststoragedeviceB.peoplehavethreechoicesinselectinginformationmediumC.itisbettertoletthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementdeterminethemediumD.themanagershouldbuildaneffectivesystembyselectingagoodcombinationofdifferentmedia问题4选项A.convertallpaperdocumentstoelectronicmediaB.makemediaconversionwhennecessaryC.controlthemediausedtogenerateinformationbothinsideandoutsidehisorganizationD.useoneformatinprocessinginformation问题5选项A.paperrecordisthemostconvenientmediumforlaterreferenceB.electronicmailcostslessthanpostagetomailpapermemosC.differentmediaforinformationmaybeselectedfordifferentpurposesD.byusingdifferentmedia，afirmcancreatevariousinformationforitsobjectives【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.主旨大意题。本文主要是讲信息资源管理中的媒介选择。选项A正确，其余选项都是片面的观点。2.细节事实题。根据第一段的内容可知：媒介是一种承载信息的载体、工具或容器；信息本身就是有价值的东西。所以本段主要是讲媒体与信息之间的关系。选项B正确。3.细节事实题。根据第二段的第二句“Themediachoice...thatbuildeffectivesystems.”媒体的选择不能被视为这三种选择之一；它必须被视为一个机会，从众多的媒体选择的可能性组合，以建立有效的系统。选项D符合原文。4.细节事实题。根据第三段的第一句“Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,mediaconversionmaybenecessary.”为了有效地管理信息资源，可能需要进行媒体转换。选项B符合原文。5.主旨大意题。根据最后一段的第一句“Themediumforinformationmaybeselectedtosatisfyaneedthatexistswheninformationiscreatedandcommunicated.”信息媒体可能被选择，以满足在创建和传播信息时存在的需要。也就是说不同信息媒体的选择是出于不同的目的。选项C符合原文。4.单选题Youroccupationistoo______forinsurancecompaniestoconsideryourapplication.问题1选项A.hazardousB.indifferentC.gratuitousD.haphazard【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项hazardous表示“有危险的，冒险的”，B项indifferent表示“冷淡的，不关心的，中等的”，C项gratuitous表示“无理由的，无端的”，D项haphazard表示“偶然的，随便的”。根据too…to…（太……而不能……）可知，insurancecompaniestoconsideryourapplication表示“保险公司不能考虑你的申请”，结合前面的occupation（职业）可知，“危险的”符合语境。句意：你的职业太危险，保险公司不会考虑你的申请。因此，该题选择A项正确。5.单选题Acobwebglisteningwithdewseemsas______asitislovely.问题1选项A.frigidB.fragileC.stridentD.tedious【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项frigid“寒冷的，严寒的；冷淡的”；B选项fragile“脆的；易碎的”；C选项strident“刺耳的；尖锐的；吱吱尖叫的；轧轧作响的”；D选项tedious“沉闷的；冗长乏味的”。由“有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又_____，又可爱”可知空格处的词语要与cobweb（蜘蛛网）在逻辑上搭配，且与lovely的感情色彩一致，句意：有露珠闪烁的蜘蛛网看上去又脆弱，又可爱。因此B选项正确。6.单选题Hewasverypluckyindealingwiththeintruders.问题1选项A.timidB.braveC.shyD.nervous【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项timid“胆小的，羞怯的”，B项brave“勇敢的，无畏的，表现勇敢的”，C项shy“害羞的，畏缩的”，D项nervous“神经的，紧张不安的”。句意：他在对付闯入者时非常勇敢。根据句意可知，plucky在句中表示“勇敢”。因此，该题选择B项。7.单选题Whileaquarterofmenwashtheircarsonceaweek,fewerthanoneinfivewomencarryoutthe（ ）.问题1选项A.attributeB.choreC.repastD.jargon【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项attribute“属性，性质，特征”；B选项chore“日常事务，家务活”；C选项repast“餐，饭菜”；D选项jargon“行话，黑话，行业术语”。此处是while引导的让步状语从句，将男性一周洗一次车的人数与女性做这件事的人数相对比，因此选B。句意：四分之一的男性一周洗一次车，而不超过五分之一的女性做这个事务。8.单选题CoxRadio,oneofthenation’slargestradiochains,planstoitstieswithindependentrecordpromotersto_______distanceitselffromapayola-likepracticethatrunsrampantinthemusicbusiness.问题1选项A.consolidateB.toutC.severD.splash【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“consolidate”意为“巩固，使固定；联合”；B选项“tout”意为“兜售；招来；刺探赛马情报”；C选项“sever”意为“割断，断绝；分开；使分离”；D选项“splash”意为“泼洒；把（水、泥等）泼在……上；（在水中）溅着水花行走”。句意：考克斯广播公司是美国最大的广播连锁之一，它 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 与独立唱片推广商合作，以摆脱在音乐界猖獗的类似贿赂的做法。由题干可知，apayola-likepractice（类似贿赂的做法），广播公司肯定是不愿意接受贿赂的做法，所以他们要摆脱这种行为，与这种做法断绝关系。因此C选项符合题意。9.不定项选择题Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.We’repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATprepcoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.AdegreefromStanfordorPrincetonistheticketforlife.IfAaronandNicoledon’tgetin,they’reforeverdoomed.Gosh,we’redelusional.I’vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.It’sone-upmanshipamongparents.Weseeourkids’collegepedigreesastrophiesattestingtohowwell-orhowpoorly-we’veraisedthem.Butwecan’tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe’vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn’tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.Admissionsanxietyafflictsonlyaminorityofparents.It’struethatgettingintocollegehasgenerallybecometougherbecausethenumberofhighschoolgraduateshasgrown.From1994to2006,theincreaseis2.8percent.Still,64percentoffreshmenattendschoolswhereacceptanceratesexceed70percent,andtheapplicationsurgeateliteschoolsdwarfspopulationgrowth.Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughtrophiestogoaround.Fearfulparentsprodtheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.“Theepicentersofparentalanxietyusedtobeonthecoasts:Boston,NewYork,Washington,LosAngeles,saysTomParker,Amherst’sadmissionsdean.“Butit’sradiatedthroughoutthecountry.”Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthat’splausible-andmostlywrong.“Wehaven’tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters,”saysErnestT.PascarellaoftheUniversityofIowa,co-authorofHowCollegeAffectsStudents,an827-pageevaluationofhundredsofstudiesofthecollegeexperience.Selectiveschoolsdon’tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanless-selectiveschools,accordingtoastudybyPascarellaandGeorgeKuhofIndianaUniversity.Somedo;somedon’t.Ontwomeasures-professors’feedbackandthenumberofessayexams-selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates’lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2percentto4percentforevery100-pointincreaseinaschool’saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke.Awell-knownstudybyPrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerandStacyBergDaleofMathematicaPolicyResearchexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit’snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisn’tlife’sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition—thejobmarket,graduateschool—theresultsmaychange.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.KruegerstudiedadmissionstoonelopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGraduateRecordExamhelpedexplainwhogotin;IvyLeaguedegreesdidn’t.So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyofstudents20yearsoutfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.Whatfiresparents’fanaticismistheirself-servingdesiretoannouncetheirownsuccess?ManySuccumb;Ididn’tlocatedmyidealschoolformydaughter.Shegotinandwentelsewhere.Takethat,Dad.Ilocatedtheidealschoolformyson.Heck,hewouldn’tevenvisittheplace.Pow,Dad.Theybothlovetheirschoolsandseemamplystimulated.FoolishDad.6.Theword“gladiators”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）7.Theauthor’sattitudetotheparents’claim“ourmotivesareselflessandsensible”isoneof（）8.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat（）9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutselectiveschoolsisTRUE?10.Theauthorsuggeststhatparentsnotimposetheirambitionontheirchildrenbecause（）问题1选项A.colossusB.commanders.C.warriors.D.gluttons.问题2选项A.antipathy.B.apathy.C.ambivalence.D.dissent.问题3选项A.Americanyouthhavefewerchoicesbuttogotoeliteschools.B.thecompetitionforeliteschoolsisfiercerintheUnitedStates.C.theparentsshouldnotputtoomuchpressureontheirchildren.D.thechildren’sfuturewillbebleakwithoutgoingtoeliteschools.问题4选项A.Selectiveschoolsofferbetterinstructionalapproachestotheirstudents.B.Therearemoreassayexamsinselectiveschoolsthanotherschools.C.Theirnewteachingmethodssecuretheirgraduates’highsalaries.D.Theydon’toutperformotherschoolsintermsofprofessors’feedback.问题5选项A.toomuchpressuremightleadtounsatisfactoryresults.B.theirownambitionshouldn’tberealizedbytheirchildren.C.theirchildrenmightpracticejob-hoppingfrequently.D.theirchildrenmightnotsharesimilarinterestswiththem.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】6.【试题答案】C【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段第一句Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruegladiators.（在大学入学的战争中，我们父母是真正的角斗士）。C选项“战士”与“角斗士”的意思相近，因此