译林牛津8A课本U8U8

译林牛津8AUnit8Naturaldisasters【 教材 民兵爆破地雷教材pdf初中剪纸校本课程教材衍纸校本课程教材排球校本教材中国舞蹈家协会第四版四级教材 内容解析】Comicstrip⑴Didn'tyouheartherain?(P.92)这是一个否定疑问句， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示一种惊讶或者不快，否定疑问句意为难道……不……吗？”Aren'tyouafraidofyourfather?Don'tyouknowyoushouldfinishyourhomeworkontime?WhowillmopupthewaterifIgohomewithoutyou?(P.92)mop此处用作及物动词，意为用拖把擦干净”，mopup意为擦干、抹去”。Theyaremoppingupthefloor.WelcometotheunitEarthquakekillsthousandsofpeople.(P.93)thousandsof表示成千上万的”，后接可数名词复数形式，hundred,thousand,million,billion和具体数字连用时，用单数形式，只有与介词of连用，表示大约数字时，才能用复数形式。Hundredsofbirdsareflyingthesky.Therearetwothousandstudentsinmyschool.Coachcrashesintotree.(P.93)crash这里用作不及物动词，意为碰撞、撞击”，crashinto意为撞上”。Thecarcrashedonthebend.Icrashedintoatreeandhurtmyknee.Floodwashesawayvillage.(P.93)washaway表示冲走”，代词作宾语只能放在两者之间，名词作宾语可以放在中间也可以放在后面。Thefloodwashedthemaway.Therainwashedawaytherubbishonthestreet.Lightningstartsbigfireinclassroombuilding.(P.93)start此处用作及物动词，意为引起、发起”，作不及物动词，表示出发、动身、开始”。Welovepeaceandwedon'wanttostartawar.Schoolstartsat8o'clock.Whenwillyoustartoff?DidyouhearaboutthefireataschoolintheUKlastweek.(P.93)hearabout意为听说”，相当于hearof,hearfrom意为收到的来信”。Ineverheardabout/ofthatplace.Iheardfrommyelderbrotherlastweek.ReadingAtfirst,Ifeltaslightshake(P.94)shake此处用作名词，表示摇动、晃动”，还可以作动词，表示摇动、振动”，shakehandswithsb.与某人握手”。Hegavethetreeashake.Weusuallyshakinghandswhenwemeetsomeoneforthefirsttime.Peoplescreamedinfear.(P.94)infear意为惊恐地”。Thethiefshookinfeartoseethepolice.Whentheyheardthestrangenoiselastnight,theylookedatmeinfear.Someranoutofthebuilding.Itriedmybesttorunouttoo,butIcouldn't.(P.94)①runout意为跑出去”，runoutof从跑出去”另外，runout还可以表示用完、用光”runoutof把用完”Thegirlranoutoftheshoppingmallwhensheheardthenoise.Timeisrunningout.Wemusthurryup.Ifyourunoutofyourmoney,youcanaskmeforsome.②tryone'besttodosth.意为尽最大努力做某事”相当于doone'sbesttodosth.Weshouldtry/doourbesttolearnEnglishwell.①inalldirections表示四面八方、在各个方向”与ineverydirection同义。Outside,peoplewererunninginalldirectionswhilepiecesofglassandbrickswerefallingdown.(P.94)Afterthegunshot,thebirdsareflyinginalldirections.②while作连词，意为当……时候”表示两个动作同时进行，也可以表示对比，意为Myfatherwasreadingabookwhilemymotherwaswashingherhair.WillyoupleaselookaftermydogwhileIamaway.(5)Thenthewallsbegantocomedowntoo.(P.94)comedown此处意为倒塌”也可以表示下来、下降、下跌”Whendidthebridgecomedown?Theraincomesdownintorrents.Meatiscomingdowninprice.Icouldnotseeanythingatall.(P.94)not...atall意为根本不、一点也不”Idon'tlikeBeijingoperaatall....andIdidnotknowfanyoneelsewasnearme.(P.94)if此处用作动词，意为是否”引导宾语从句。Idon'tknfitwillraintomorrow.【拓展】if表示如果”时，引导条件状语从句，这时主句一般用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。Ifitisfinetomorrow,we'IIhaveapicnic.Idon'tknowifhewillcometomorrow.Ifhecomes,I'llcallyou.Ifeltnervousandmyheartwasbeatingfast.(P.94)①nervous作形容词，表示紧张不安的”benervousabout对“…感到紧张”Mostofthestudentsarenervousaboutthecomingexam.②beat作动词可以表示(心脏、脉搏)跳动、敲打、打败”Afterrunning,yourheartusuallybeatsfaster.Mybrotherlikesbeatingthedrum.WebeatClass1atbasketball.“Iamtrapped,Is”dtomyself(P.94)saytooneself意为对自己说、自言自语”。Helikessayingtohimself.Amomentoffearwentthroughmymind・・・(P・94)gothrough表示穿过、穿越”。Theywentthroughaparktotheirschool.【拓展】through,over和across辨析through表示从物体内部空间穿过；over表示从物体上方越过；across表示从物体表面穿过。Thesunshinesthroughthewindow.Theplanefliesoverthecity.Herunsacrosstheplayground..・・butItoldmyselftocalmdownsincelwasstillalive.(P.94)calm此处用作动词，意为使平静、使镇定”，calmdown冷静、平静”。Listeningtomusiccanmakeyoucalmdown.Heisoutofcontrol.Youshouldcalmhimdown.since此处意为既然、由于、因为”，表示众所周知或者显而易见的原因，相当于as。Sinceeveryoneishere,let'starttheclassmeeting.alive作形容词，表示活着的、现存的”，常作表语，作定语时，需后置。Thatfishwasstillalivewithoutwaterfortwohours.Ishoutedforhelp,butnooncame.(P・94)shoutforhelp意为喊救命”相当于scream/cryforhelp,shout用作动词，表示呼喊、叫喊”shoutatsb.朝某人大喊”Listen,someoneisshoutingforhelp.findmyDon'tshoutatothers.Itisimpolite.Hourslater,asIwastryingtowayout..(P.94)findone'sway表示找出路”Thefactorywasonfiresuddenlyandtheworkersweretryingtofindtheirwayout.Timmywasasleepwhentheearthquakestarted.(P.96)asleep意为睡着的”常作表语，fallasleep入睡”Pleasedon'twakeherup.Sheisfastasleep.GrammarSandy,Isawyouandyourparentsstandingonthesideoftheroad(P.97)onthesideoftheroad在路边”，onbothsidesoftheroad在路的两边”也可以说成oneach/eithersideoftheroad。Themanisstandingonthesideoftheroad,waitingforthebus.There'remanytreesonbothsidesoftheroad.Mydad'sdanokedownbecauseofthecoldweather.(P.97)breakdown表示出故障、坏掉”，是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态中。Wewerealllateforschoolyesterdaybecauseourschoolbusbrokedownontheway.Theprintingmachinesarealwaysbreakingdown.【拓展】break的相关短语breakinto强行闯入breakin打断、插嘴breakout爆发breakawayfrom脱离(3)Whenashorteractionhappenedatthesametimeasalongeraction・・・(P・98)atthesametime同时“。Theyputuptheirhandsatthesametime.5.Integratedskills(1)Trytogetoutassoonaspossib.eP.99)as.・.aspossible意为尽可能……”相当于as.・.asonecan两个as中间用形容词或者副词原级Mymotherasksustocomehomeasearlyaspossible.Youshouldstudyashardasyoucan.Coveryourmouthandnosewithawettoweltoprotectyourselffromthicksmoke.(P.99)protect・・・from/against...意为"保护免受……”。Thefarmerthoughtupallwaystoprotectplantsfromfrost.Whatcanwomendotoprotectthemselvesfromheartdisease.Stayawayfromawindow.(P・100)stayawayfrom意为远离、不靠近”相当于keepawayfrom。Thatdogmaybiteyou.Pleasekeepawayfromit.Studyskillstoothache(P.101)toothache意为牙疼”，toothache是tooth和ache的合成词，类似的还有headache,backache,stomachacheIhadatoothacheyesterday.Task(1)Inearlyfellover.(P.102)nearly作副词，意为几乎、将近”。Nearlythreeweekshaspassed.【拓展】nearly与almost的辨析一般情况下，两者可以互换，但是almost可用于any以及no,none,nobody,nothing,never等否定词之前，但nearly一般不这样用；nearly前可用very,pretty,not等词修饰，但almost之前不能用这些词。Almostanymancandoit.Almostnoonecametotheparty.It'snotnearlysodifficultasyouthink.【重点短语和句型归纳】一、重点短语thousandsof成千上万washaway冲走inalldirections四面八方comedown崩塌not.・.atall一点也不catchfire着火findone'sway找到出路becauseof因为,由于as...aspossible尽可能...breakdown出故障,坏掉mopup擦干,抹去hearabout/of听说infear处于恐慌中runout跑出去；用光saytooneself自言自语gothrough穿过calmdown冷静；平静shoutforhelp喊救命findone'sway找出路betrapped被困atthesametime同时learnfrom从中学习onfire着火stayawayfrom远离crashinto撞上cover...with...用覆盖protect...from...保护免受二、重点句型tryone'sbesttodostl尽力做某事keep+宾语+宾补使……怎么样seesb.doingstl.看到某人正在做某事asksb.todostl.要求某人做某事lavetodostl.不得不做某事wlen...did,...was/weredoing当……时候,正在……wlile...was/weredoing,...did当正在……,这时……wlile...was/weredoing,...was/weredoing正在……，而正在……【语法讲解】(一)when,while和as的用法区别(1)wlen“当…..时候”,可指时间点/时间段,从句中的谓语动词可用延续性动词/非延续性动词.这些动词可以表示动作/状态.从句中的动作既可和主句的动作同时发生,也可在主句动作之前或之后发生.IcametotlisscloolwlenIwas14yearsold.Thestudentsweretalkingnoisilywhentheteachercamein.While在…••的时候,在…•.期间”他总是指一个时间段,从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的,它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中•Iwascookingsupperwhilehewasplayingthepiano.Theteachercameinwhilethestudentsweretalkingnoisily.as引导时间状语从句,作”当…••的时候解,有”随着…••”之意,与while的意义相近,强调两个动同时发生;或某事一发生,另一事立即发生.Heshoutedaloudasheranalong.【提醒】固定句型结构.过去进行时(主句)+while+过去进行时(从句).一般过去时(主句)+while+过去进行时(从句)（3）.过去进行时（主句）+when+一般过去时（从句）（4）.一般过去时（主句）+as+一般过去时（从句）（二）过去进行时（1）过去进行时的概念过去进行时表示在过去某个时间或某个时间段正在进行的动作.（2）.过去进行时的用法1）表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作.Whatwereyoudoingat7p.m.yesterday?2.）表示过去某一时间段内一直正在进行的动作WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.（3）.过去进行时中常用的时间状语：atthattime,at9lastnight,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening等;也可与时间状语从句连用,:whenIsawhim,whilehewaswalking;还可以通过上下文的暗示:WewerehavinganEnglishclassatthattime.Hewasplayingwithhisclassmatesat4:30yesterdayafternoon.Wereyoudoingyourhomeworkwhenyourfathergothome?DadwascookingwhileMumwaswashingclothes.