初中英语阅读理解和完形填空解题技巧及练习

一．初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧阅读理解也是中考英语题的必考题目之一，本题型旨在考查学生阅读，理解的能力，几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力，根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，也考查学生关注细节的能力。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？我将从以下三个方面谈论这个问题：一、解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。在读题的时候划出题目的关键词。（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1．抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What(事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2．抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3．注意领会文章的寓意。4．根据题意，初选 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：①直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。②归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。③综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,accordingto“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。④捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。⑤同意转换法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。⑥排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。二．阅读理解题型及解题技巧从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。（1）主旨题此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。其中一类题型为主旨问题。　　1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式　　1)主旨句设问类型Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Whatdoesthepassagemailytalkabout?Wecanconclude/learnfromthepassagethat……　　2)最佳标题选择类型Thebesttitleforthispassageis……　　3)作者主旨意图类型Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?Whichcanexpressthepurposeofthewriteraccordingtothepassage?　　2、主旨大意题的解题方法　　主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的，那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致，则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段，从而确定主旨段落。在此过程中，观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可，无需细读段落内容，以节省时间。如果文章只有一段，则注意文章的首两句及尾句，然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。　　此外，标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达，注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼，把一个句子提炼为几个关键词，即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才能找到，通常体现为advise，convince，present，purpose，warn等。（2）细节题1、细节事实题题干常见的问句形式　　1)TrueorNOTtrue是非判断类型WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredas……?Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneofthereasonsfor……?　2)特殊疑问词提问类型Howmany……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?　　3)排序题类型Whichoftheordersiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?　　4)例证题类型Theauthorgivestheexamplein……paragraphinorderto……　　5)表唯一细节概念题类型：……themost/~est…………theonly……　　2、细节事实题的解题方法：　　做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再通过scanning快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。　　是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维的影响，习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所答非所问。　　例证题一定要注意以forexample……，suchas……等关键入手处，找出细节出处。排序题要先仔细观察选项，找出首尾相同的选项分组，进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。唯一细节题一定要仔细审题，弄清题干所需。特别需要提醒的是，选项中出现有most(最高级)、theonly(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时要慎选。（3）推断题此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息，所以原文语句不能选。判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。　　推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以Wecaninfer/imply/learnfromthispassagethat……等进行提问。解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。（4）猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。　1.通过因果关系猜词 　　通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，ofcourse，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：　　Youshouldn'thaveblamedhimforthat，foritwasn'thisfault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。　　2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词　　通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happyandgay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus，Mars，andJupiterwiththehelpofspaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等；二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：Heissohomely，notatallashandsomeashisbrother.根据notatall...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。　　3.通过构词法猜词　　在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。　　4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义　　例如：Butsometimes，norainfallsforalong，longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod，ordrought.　　从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而adryperiod和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，thatis，inotherwords，becalled或破折号等来表示。　　5.通过句法功能来推测词义　　例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconutsandsomeotherkindoffruitgrowinwarmareas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。　　6.通过描述猜词　　描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：ThepenguinisakindofseabirdlivingintheSouthPole.Itisfatandwalksinafunnyway.Althoughitcannotfly，itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。AWithmilesofbeaches，seaandsunshine，Pattaya(芭堤雅)isoneofthemostpopularplacesforvisitorstoThailand．Itprovidesmanykindsofentertainmentforbothyoungpeopleandthewholefamily．Thereisalwayssomethingtodo，anytime，anyweather，anydayornight．Orchid(兰化)Farmsareaworthwhilevisitandifyouarethinkingoftakingsomeofthesebeautifulplantshome，visitadayortwobeforeyouleavetomakesurethatyouwillhaveliveplantswhenyougetback．Youcanalsogetgreatorchidsinasealed(密封)bottlethatwilllastaslongasyourmemory．PattayaElephantVillageisanotherplacethatyoucannotmissinPattaya．ItisagoodplacetolearnandunderstandhowelephantshavebeenlinkedintoThailifeandhistoryoverthecenturies．Youcanalsotakeanelephanttrekthere．Showtimeallowstheelephantstodisplaytheirskills，suchasplayingfootball．YoucanalsofeedatigerattheSrirachaTigerZoo(斯里拉差龙虎园)．Thereyouwilllearnmoreabouttigers．Youcantakephotoswiththem．Youcanalsoenjoyelephantandcrocodileshowsatthezoo．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1．WhatisPattayafamousforinThailand?A．Beaches．B．Sea．C．Sunshine．D．Alloftheabove．()2．WheneveryougotoPattaya，itcanprovidemanykindsofentertainmentfor________．A．bothyoungpeopleandthewholefamilyB．botholdpeopleandthewholefamilyC．bothyoungpeopleandkidsD．bothparentsandkids()3．WherecanyougetbeautifulorchidsinThailand?A．Beaches．B．PattayaElephantVillage．C．OrchidFarms．D．TheSrirachaTigerZoo．()4．WhichanimaldoyouseeattheSrirachaTigerZoo?A．Foxes．B．Elephants．C．Lions．D．Monkeys．()5．Thepassagemainlytellsus________．A．PattayaisoneofthemostpopularplacesforvisitorstoThailandB．youmustbuysomebeautifulorchidsinThailandC．PattayaElephantVillageistheonlyplacethatyoucannotmissinPattayaD．ifyouvisitThailand，youmustvisittheSrirachaTigerZooBWhenmyfamilymovedtoAmericain2010fromasmallvillageinGuangdong,China,webroughtnotonlyourluggage,butalsoourvillagerules,customsandculture.Oneoftherulesisthatyoungpeopleshouldalwaysrespect(尊敬)elders.Unluckily,thisruleledtomyveryfirstembarrassmentintheUnitedStates.Ihadapart-timejobasawaiterinaChineserestaurant.Onetime,whenIwasservingfoodtoamiddle-agedcouple,thewifeaskedmehowthefoodcouldbeservedsoquickly.ItoldherthatIhadmadesuretheygottheirfoodquicklybecauseIalwaysrespecttheelderly.AssoonasIsaidthat,herfaceshowedgreatdispleasure.Mymanager,whohappenedtohearwhatIsaid,tookmeasideandgavemealonglectureabouthowsensitive(敏感)Americansareandhowtheydislikethedescription“old”.Ithenwalkedbacktothetableandapologizedtothewife.Afterthecoupleheardmyreason,theyunderstoodthattheproblemwascausedbyculturaldifferences,sotheylaughedandwerenolongerangry.InmyvillageinChina,peopleareproudofbeingold.Notsomanypeoplelivetobeseventyoreighty,andpeoplewhoreachsuchanagehavethemostknowledgeandexperience.Youngpeoplealwaysrespectolderpeoplebecausetheyknowtheycanlearnfromtheirrichexperience.However,intheUnitedStates,peoplethink“growingold”isaproblemsince“old”showsthatapersonisgoingtoretireorthatthebodyisnotworkingwell.Heremanypeopletrytokeepthemselvesawayfromgrowingoldbydoingexercisesorjogging,andwomenputonmakeup,hopingtolookyoung.WhenItoldthecoupleintherestaurantthatIrespecttheelderly,theygotangrybecausethiscausedthemtofeeltheyhadfailedtostayyoung.Ihadtoldthemsomethingtheydidn’twanttohear.Afterthat,IchangedthewayIhadbeenwitholderpeople.ItisnotthatIdon’trespectthemanymore;Istillrespectthem,butnowIdon’tshowmyfeelingsthroughwords.ByJack根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1.Jackbroughtthecoupletheirfoodveryfastbecause_______.A.themanageraskedhimtodosoB.herespectedtheelderlyC.thecouplewantedhimtodosoD.hewantedmorepay2.WhenJackcalledthecouple“elderly”,theybecame_______.A.nervous B.satisfiedC.unhappyD.excited3.InJack’shometown,_______.A.peopledislikebeingcalled“old”B.peopleareproudofbeingoldC.manypeoplereachtheageofseventyoreightyD.theelderlyarethefirsttogetfoodinrestaurants4.Afterthisexperience,Jack_______.A.losthisjobintherestaurantB.madefriendswiththecoupleC.nolongerrespectedtheelderlyD.changedhiswaywitholderpeople5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThemoreJackexplained,theangrierthecouplegot.B.Jackwantedtoshowhisfeelingsthroughwordsafterhisexperience.C.Themanagerwentbacktothetableandapologizedtothecouple.D.Fromthisexperience,JacklearnedmoreaboutAmericanculture.CJeanisabrightyoungwomanwhocomesfromarichandfamousfamily.Shegoestoagooduniversityandhaseverythingthatmoneycanbuy.Well,almosteverything.TheproblemisthatthepeopleinJean’sfamilyaresobusythattheycanhardlyfindtimetobewithher.Infact,Jeanisquitelonely.SoJeanspendsalotoftimeonherQQ.Shelikesbeinganonymous(匿名),talkingtopeoplewhodonotknowaboutherfamousfamilyandherrichlife.SheusesthenameLindaonQQandhasmadealotoffriendswhoshekeepsintouchwithquiteoften.LastyearJeanmadeaveryspecialfriendonQQ.HisnamewasDavidandlivedinSanFrancisco.Davidwasfullofstoriesandjokes.HeandJeanhadacommon(共同的)interestinrockmusicandmoderndance.SoitalwaystookthemhourstotalkhappilyonQQandsometimestheyevenforgottheirtime.Ofcourse,theywantedtoknowmoreabouteachother.Davidsentapictureofhimself:Hewasatall,good-lookingyoungmanwithabig,happysmile.Astimewentby,theybecamegoodfriendsandoftensentcardsandsmallthingstoeachother.WhenJean’sfathertoldherthathewasgoingonabusinesstriptoSanFrancisco,sheaskedhimtolethergowithhimsothatshecouldgiveDavidasurpriseforhisbirthday.ShewouldtakehimthelatestDVDoftheirfavoriterocksinger.ButwhensheknockedonDavid’sdoorinSanFrancisco,shefoundthatherspecialfriendwasatwelve-year-oldboynamedJim!根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1.JeanspendsalotofhertimeonQQbecausesheis_______.A.richB.famousC.youngD.lonely2.Jeanthought“David”wasspecialbecausehe_______.A.madeherquitehappyonQQ      B.wasfromSanFranciscoC.sentherapictureofhimself       D.wastallandgood-looking3.WhenJeanand“David”metandintroducedthemselvestoeachother,whofeltsurprised?A.“David”.       B.Both“David”andJean.C.Jean.        D.Neither“David”norJean.4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Don’tbelievethoseyougettoknowonQQsoeasily.B.Peopledon’tusetheirrealnamesonQQsooften.C.Don’tgotomeetthoseyougettoknowonQQ.D.PeopleshouldtelltheirrealnamestoothersonQQ.DLindaEvanswasmybestfriend—likethesisterIneverhad.Wedideverythingtogether:pianolessons,movies,swimming,horsebackriding.WhenIwas13,myfamilymovedaway.LindaandIkeptintouchthroughletters,andwesaweachotheronspecialtime—likemywedding(婚礼)andLinda’s.Soonwewerebusywithchildrenandmovingtonewhomes,andwewrotelessoften.OnedayacardthatIsentcameback,stamped“Address(地址)Unknown.”IhadnoideahowtofindLinda.Overtheyears,ImissedLindaverymuch.Iwantedtoshare(分享)happinessofmychildrenandthengrandchildren.AndIneededtosharemysadnesswhenmybrotherandthenmotherdied.TherewasanemptyplaceinmyheartthatonlyafriendlikeLindacouldfill.OnedayIwasreadinganewspaperwhenInoticedaphotoofayoungwomanwholookedverymuchlikeLindaandwhoselastnamewasWagman—Linda’smarriedname.“TheremustbethousandsofWagmans,”Ithought,butJstillwrotetoher.Shecalledassoonasshegotmyletter.“MrsTobin!”shesaidexcitedly,“LindaEvansWagmanismymother.”MinuteslaterIheardavoicethatIknewverymuch,evenafter40years,laughedandcriedandcaughtuponeachother’slives.Nowtheemptyplaceinmyheartisfilled.Andthere’sonethingthatLindaandIknowforsure:Wewon’tloseeachotheragain!根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。1.ThewriterwenttopianolessonswithLindaEvans_______.A.attheageof13B.beforeshegotmarriedC.aftertheymovedtonewhomesD.beforethewriter’sfamilymovedaway2.Theydidn’toftenwritetoeachotherbecausethey_______.A.gotmarriedB.hadlittletimetodosoC.didn’tlikewritinglettersD.couldseeeachotheronspecialtime3.Therewasanemptyplaceinthewriter’sheartbe​causeshe_______.A.wasintroubleB.didn’tknowLinda’saddressC.receivedthecardthatshesentD.didn’thaveafriendlikeLindatoshareherhappi​nessorsadness4.Thewriterwashappywhenshe_______.A.readthenewspaperB.heardLinda’svoiceonthephoneC.metayoungwomanwholookedalotlikeLindaD.wrotetothewomanwhoselastnamewasWagman5.Theyhaven’tkeptintouch_______.A.forabout40yearsB.forabout27yearsC.sincetheygotmarriedD.sincethewriter’sfamilymovedaway二．初中英语完形填空解题技巧考点分析:完型填空一直是考试必考题型,而且在整卷中占相当大的分值,如果该部分失分严重,会影响学生英语最终成绩.因此,学生必须熟练掌握完型填空做题技巧,同时通过一定量专题练习,提高做题的正确率.注:学生该部分失分特别严重,所以必须加大该部分的练习.一.完型填空最常用的四种解题法:　　1.总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。2.弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默 故事 滥竽充数故事班主任管理故事5分钟二年级语文看图讲故事传统美德小故事50字120个国学经典故事ppt 、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。3.重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。4.语境联想:利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。二、几种解题技巧：1.词语搭配(1)从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。(2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：seeafilm(3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：pushaheadwith(奋力前行)。(4)因词组而构成的常见的句式：Itfeels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：lookfor,lookover,lookout,lookafter,lookup等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：Ipaid12poundsforthedictionary.Thebookcostmealot.Ittookthreementoliftthebox.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：takeoff有“脱下(衣服)，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假等多种含意。2.语法判定(1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面：　a.名词的选择b.动词的选用c.选择介词d.选择代词e.选择连词f.选择形容词和副词(2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装　a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。　b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。　c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。(3)在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法　a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。　b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。3.例举对比。　在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。三、一般的解题过程是：1.通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。2.瞻前顾后，分析先行。3.反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。4.验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：(1)文章是否顺畅；(2)所填单词是否是最佳单词；(3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。4、对应练习：1.WhenBillycametoclassonemorning,henoticedthatsomethingwasdifferent.Mrs.Greenwasnotinher51_____place.Shewasstandinginthemiddleoftheclass​room,and52______washidingbehindher."Class,"shesaid."ThisisFritzfrom53____.Pleasesayhellotohim."Theclasswereinsilence.Mrs.Greensaidagain,"Sayhellotoournewfriend."Butstill,54_____saidaword."Allright,then."saidMrs.Green."Billy,please55______Fritztohisnewdeskbesideyours.""Hi,Fritz,"saidBilly."Pleasecomewithme."ButFritzwould56_____.Hewasholdingonto57_____.Hesaidsomething,58_____nobodycouldunderstand.Someoftheboysstartedtolaugh.Billyfelt59_____forhim.Then,Billysaidsomethingnooneelsecouldun​derstand60____Fritz.FritzsmiledandshookBilly'shands(握手')."Wow!"everyonewassurprised.Billywasproud.Hesaid"Isaid,"Hello'inGerman.IhearditonceonTV."()1.A.onlyB.usualC.goodD.comfortable()2.A.anewteacherB.anewgirlC.anewboyD.Billy()3.A.EnglandB.AmericaC.FranceD.Germany()4.A.nooneB.BillyC.astudentD.Fritz()5.A.askB.carryC.putD.take()6.A.comeB.notmoveC.notsayD.speak()7.A.anotherstudent'sbookB.Billy'shandC.Mrs.Green'sskirtD.theteacher'sdesk()8.A.butB.soC.becauseD.still()9.A.happyB.excitedC.afraidD.sorry()10.A.withB.exceptC..ofD.about2.Manhasabigbrain.Hecanthink,learnandspeak.Scientistsalwayssaythatmenaredifferentfromanimals1._____theycanthinkandlearn.Theyknownowthatanimalscanalsolearn.Soscientistsarebeginningtounderstandthatmenaredifferentfromanimalsbecausetheycanspeak.Animalscannotspeak.Theymakenoiseswhentheyareafraidorunhappy.Apes(无尾猿)canunderstandsomethings2._____quicklythanmen,andoneortwohavelearned3._____words.Buttheyarestilldifferentfromus.Theycannotjoinwordsandmakesentences.Theycannotthink4._____usbecausetheyhave5._____language.Theycanneverthinkaboutthepastorthefuture.Languageisawonderfulthing.Manhas6._____buildamodernworldbecausehehaslanguage.7._____childcanspeakhisownlanguageverywellwhenhewasfourorfive.8._______noanimalslearntospeak.9._____dochildrenlearn?Scientistsdonotknow.10._____happensinsideourbodywhenwespeak?Theyonlyknowthatmancanspeakbecausehehasabrain.()1.A.afterB.ifC.beforeD.because()2.AlittleB.muchC.moreD.less()3.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle()4.A.asB.aboutC.likeD.over()5.A.notB.aC.noD.some()6.A.toabletoB.beabletoC.abletoD.beenableto()7.A.EachB.EveryC.OneD.All()8.A.orB.soC.andD.but()9.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.Which()10.A.WhereB.WhenC.WhatD.How3.Mr.Leehadneverbeenupinanairplanebeforeandhehadreadalotaboutaccidents.SOonedaywhenafriendcametohishouseand1.____totakehimforarideinhisownsmallplane,Mr.Leewasvery2._____.Hethoughttohimself,"IfIdon'tagree,myfriendmaynotbehappy.3_____ifIagree,I'mreallyafraidthattheremighthesomedanger."4.___,however,hisfriendmadehimbelievethatitwasvery5.____,andMr.Leegotontheplane.Hisfriend6._____theengineandtheplanebegantomovealongonthegroundofthe7._____.Mr.Leewasfrightenedandclosedhiseyes.Afteraminuteortwoheopenedthem8.____,lookedoutofthewindowoftheplaneandsaidtohisfriend."Look9____thosepeopledownoverthere.Theylookas10____asants,don'tthey?""Thoseareants,"answeredhisfriend,"wearestillontheground."()1.A.offeredB.allowedC.agreedD.afford()2.A.excitedB.gratefulC.worriedD.glad()3.A.AsB.ForC.SoD.But()4.A.FinallyB.FirstC.LastD.But()5.A.interestingB.safeC.comfortableD.enjoyable()6.A.beganB.carriedC.movedD.started()7.A.airportB.townC.stationD.yard()8.A.againB.onceC.quicklyD.easily()9.A.upB.atC.overD.after()10.A.shortB.bigC.strangeD.small4.WhenIhadsomethingdifficulttodo，Iusedtoaskmymotherforhelp.Butshealwayssaid,"Doityourself，dear."Iwasnot1.____atall.Ithoughtshewasthe2.____motherintheworld!Forexample，oneday，Idecidedto3.____somefriendstomyhome.Mybedroomwasnotinorder.Bookswereeverywhere.AndIdidn'tmakethebed.Iaskedmy4.____tohelpmecleanit，5.____shestillsaid，"Doityourself，girl."　Becauseofmy"lazymother"，Ihaveto6._____myclothesandcleanmyroom.Ihavetohelpmyparents7.____Ievenhavetogotothedentistbymyself.Itisreallyhardformetodoeverythingwell，butIhavelearned8.____.　Astimegoesby，Iunderstandmymother.Shemakesmecleveranddiligent(勤奋的)9.____agreatmother!A10.____motherisworth（等值于）onehundredteachers!Don'tyouthinkso?1.A.oldB.gladC.thin2.A.tallestB.mostfoolishC.laziest3.A.leaveB.inviteC.visit4.A.motherB.fatherC.brother5.A.orB.whenC.but6.A.washB.leadC.knock7.A.dohouseworkB.goswimmingC.gocamping8.A.onshowB.bymistakeC.alot9.A.WhichB.WhatC.Who10.A.youngB.goodC.happy