2019高考英语二轮阅读理解金题编（五）及解析

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解金题编（五）及解析SectionAA(2018内蒙古包头一模,C)Wearingarednoseforadaymayseemlikeastrangewaytoraisemoneyforcharity.However,itseemstoworkinBritain.RedNoseDay(RND)isawell-knowneventintheUK.TheaimofthedayistoraisemoneyforacharitycalledComicReliefwhichhelpspeopleinneedinAfricaandintheUK.ComicReliefwasstartedin1985byRichardCurtis.Hewrotetheseries“Blackadder”aswellasthefamousfilms“FourWeddingsandaFuneral”and“NottingHill’’.Richard’sideatostartComicReliefwasasaresponsetotheseverelackoffoodinEthiopia.It’scalledRedNoseDayasonthisdaymanypeoplebuyaplasticrednosetowear!Themoneymadefromsellingrednosesgoestothecharity.RedNoseDaytakesplaceeverytwoyearsinthespringandisnowsowelldevelopedthatmanypeopleconsiderittobeanunofficialnationalholiday.ThesloganforthelastRNDwas“DoSomethingFunnyforMoney”andthemoneycollectedwasusedtohelpfundprojectsinthefollowingareas:treatingmalaria,education,maternalhealthandmentalhealth.TheBBCRedNoseDaytelethonraised￡74.3million!Money-raisingeventstakeplacealloverthecountryandmanyschoolsjoinin.Peoplealsodonatemoneybypost,inbanks,byphoneusingacreditcardandonline.GettingsponsoredtodosomethingisacommonwaytoraisemoneyonRND.Ifsomeonesponsorsyouitmeansthattheyagreetogiveyouacertainamountofmoneyforyouractions.NowyouknowwhyyoumayfindsomepeoplewearingrednosesanddoingsillythingsintheUKonRedNoseDay!Itisallforagoodcause!1.ThepurposeofComicReliefis　　　. A.tocelebrateRedNoseDayB.tohelpthoseinneedinAfricaandBritainC.towarnpeopleagainstsomediseasesD.toraisemoneyforMr.Curtis’sfilms2.RedNoseDaygotitsnamemainlyfromits　　　. A.creatorB.birthplaceC.aidreceiversD.productsforsale3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRedNoseDay?A.Itiscelebratedinthespringeveryotheryear.B.Peoplecelebratethisdaytobringhappinesstoothers.C.RichardCurtisstartedRedNoseDay.D.Alotofpeopleraisemoneybygrowingabeardforaweek.4.Paragraph4mainlyshowsthatinBritainRND　　　. A.isconsideredanofficialholidayB.lastsforalongtimeC.ispopularwithpeopleD.iswelldesignedforTVB(2017四川遂宁三模)FrenchwriterFrantzFanononcesaid:“Tospeakalanguageistotakeonaworld,aculture.”Sincetheworldchangeseveryday,sodoesourlanguage.Morethan300newwordsandphraseshaverecentlymadeitintotheonlineOxfordDictionary,andinonewayoranothertheyareallreflectionsoftoday’schangingworld.Afterayearthatwaspoliticallyunstable,it’snothardtounderstandthefactthatpeople’spoliticalviewsareoneofthemaindrivesofourexpandingvocabulary.Oneexampleis“clicktivism”,acompoundof“click”and“activism”.Itrefersto“armchairactivists”—peoplewhosupportapoliticalorsocialcause,butonlyshowtheirsupportfrombehindacomputerorsmartphone.And“otherize”isaverbfor“other”thatmeanstoalienate(使疏远)peoplewhoaredifferentfromourselves—whetherthatbedifferentskincolor,religiousbelieforsexuality.“WehadallthewordsaroundBrexitinthelastupdateandwearenowstartingtoseeallthewordsaroundTrumpcomingintothedictionary,”AngusStevenson,OxfordDictionaries’headofcontentdevelopment,toldTheGuardian.Lifestyleisalsochangingourlanguage.Forexample,“fitspiration”—acompoundof“fit”and“inspiration”—referstoapersonorthingthatencouragesonetoexerciseandstayfitandhealthy.Thephrase“climaterefugee”—someonewhoisforcedtoleavetheirhomeduetoclimatechange—reflectspeople’sconcernfortheenvironment.AccordingtoStevenson,socialmediawasthemainsourceforthenewexpressions.“Peoplefeelmuchfreertocointheirownwordsthesedays,”hesaid.Butstill,notallnewly-inventedwordsgetthechancetomaketheirwayintoamainstreamdictionary.Ifyouwanttocreateyourownhitwords,Stevenson’ssuggestionisthatyoushouldnotonlymakesurethattheyareexpressiveandmeaningful,butalsohaveanattractivesoundsothatpeoplewillenjoysayingthemoutloud.5.What’sthepurposeofthequotationfromtheFrenchwriterFrantzFanon?A.Toserveasthetopicofthepassage.B.Topresentoneofthemajorviewsofthesociety.C.Toshowthefactthatlanguagemirrorsthecultureinaway.D.Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coin”inthesecond-to-lastparagraphprobablymean?　A.Use.B.Record.C.Create.D.Change.7.Howisthearticlemainlydeveloped?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingatimeline.D.Bypresentingresearchfindings.8.AccordingtoStevenson,tomakethewordsyouinventpopular,theyshould　　　. A.beeasytorememberB.haveuniqueandexpressivemeaningsC.havetheattractivesoundD.bemeaningfulandsoundcatchySectionBA(2018四川绵阳高三三诊,C)Highlevelsofchocolateconsumptionmightbeassociatedwithaonethirdreductionintheriskofdevelopingheartdisease,suggestsastudypublishedonlineintheBritishMedicalJournal.Thefindingsconfirmtheresultsofexistingstudiesthatgenerallyagreeonapotentialbeneficiallinkbetweenchocolateconsumptionandhearthealth.However,theauthorsstressthatfurtherstudiesareneededtotestwhetherchocolateactuallycausesthisreductionorifitcanbeexplainedbysomeotherunmeasuredfactors.TheWorldHealthOrganizationpredictsthatby2030,nearly236millionpeoplewilldiefromheartdisease.However,lifestyleanddietarekeyfactorsinpreventingheartdisease,saysthepaper.Anumberofrecentstudieshaveshownthateatingchocolatehasapositiveinfluenceonhumanhealthduetoitsantioxidantandanti-inflammatoryproperties.Thisincludesreducingbloodpressureandimprovinginsulinsensitivity.However,theevidenceabouthoweatingchocolateaffectsyourheartstillremainsunclear.So,DrOscarFrancoandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofCambridgecarriedoutalargescaleofreviewoftheexistingevidencetoevaluatetheeffectsofeatingchocolateoncardiovascular(心血管)eventslikeheartattackandstrokes.Theyanalyzedtheresultsofsevenstudies,involvingover100,000participantswithandwithoutexistingheartdisease.Foreachstudy,theycomparedthegroupwiththehighestchocolateconsumptionagainstthegroupwiththelowestconsumption.Fivestudiesreportedabeneficiallinkbetweenhigherlevelsofchocolateconsumptionandtheriskofcardiovascularevents.Theyfoundthatthe“highestlevelsofchocolateconsumptionwereassociatedwitha37%reductionincardiovasculardiseaseanda29%reductioninstrokescomparedwiththelowestlevels”.Nosignificantreductionwasfoundinrelationtoheartfailure.Theauthorssaythefindingsneedtobeinterpretedwithcaution,inparticularbecausecommerciallyavailablechocolateisverycalorific(around500caloriesforevery100grams)andeatingtoomuchofitcouldleadtoweightgain,riskofdiabetesandheartdisease.However,theyconcludethatgiventhehealthbenefitsofeatingchocolate,initiativestoreducethecurrentfatandsugarcontentinmostchocolateproductsshouldbeexplored.1.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thereusedtobestudiesaboutthebeneficiallinkbetweenchocolateconsumptionandhearthealth.B.MillionsofpeoplewilldiefromheartdiseaseaccordingtotheWHO.C.Therearestillotherfactorsthatmayreducetheriskofheartdisease.D.Thereisclearevidenceabouthoweatingchocolateaffectsyourheart.2.Whatarethepossiblecausesofheartdisease?A.Eatingchocolate.B.Unhealthydiet.C.Exercisingregularly.D.Drinkingcoffee.3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefindings?A.Cautious.B.Doubtful.C.Disapproving.D.Negative.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldeatlesschocolate.B.Chocolatebenefitsourhealth.C.Weshouldconsiderthefatandsugarproblem.D.Eatingchocolatewillleadtofatgainnaturally.B(2017广西五市联考)WhenemergencyworkersarriveatanoldfirehouseinNewYorkCity,thewaytheygreeteachotherisnotwhatyoumightexpect.Thesefirstresponderssay,“NiHao!”“NiHao”means“hello”inMandarin.Firstrespondersarethefirstemergencyworkerstoarriveatafire,trafficaccidentorotheremergency.Somefirstrespondersarefirefighters,whileotherscanbeEmergencyMedicalTechnicians.InBrooklyn,NewYork,over20firstrespondersarestudyingMandarinforabouttwohoursaweek.Theclassisthefirstofitskind.ItisofferedbytheNewYorkCityFireDepartmentFoundation.TheU.S.CensusBureaurecentlyreportedthatsomeNewYorkneighborhoodsaremadeupmostlyofimmigrants.SomepeoplehavepredictedthattheChinesecommunityislikelytobecomeNewYork’slargestimmigrantgroup.TheythinkthecitywillhavethelargestChinesecommunityoutsideofAsia.TheCensusBureaualsofoundthatalmost200languagesarespokeninthecity.So,knowingdifferentlanguagesisimportant,especiallyifyouareafirstresponder.LieutenantSteveLeeispresidentoftheFireDepartment’sPhoenixSociety.Hesaysthatfirstrespondersmustbeabletocommunicatequicklyandeffectivelywhenanemergencyhappens.Heexplainsthatfirstrespondersenterneighborhoodsandcommunicatestoassistpeopleregardlessofwheretheyarefrom.Manytimesfirstrespondersdonotspeakthesamelanguageasthepeopletheyarecalledtohelp.Headdsthatitisvital,orveryimportant,thatfirstrespondersareabletocommunicatewiththepeoplecallingforhelp.Withouthelpfromhomeownersandothers,Leeadds,discoveringexactlywhereafireisburningcanbearealproblem.Firstrespondersneedtoaskquestionssuchas“Whatbuilding?Whataddress?Whatapartment?”Andthemostimportantquestion,“Isthereanybodyleftinthebuildingandwhere?”5.WhoarefirstrespondersaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Personsleadingtheemergencyrescue.B.Rescuersfirstreachingthedisaster.C.Peoplefirstlearningthedisaster.D.Peoplefirstfindingthedisaster.6.WhyarethefirstrespondersinNewYorkstudyingtheChineselanguage?A.TofindabetterjobintheChinesecommunity.B.TolearnaboutChineseculturesmuchbetter.C.ToshowrespectfortheChineseimmigrants.D.TomeettherapidgrowthofChinesepopulation.7.Whatdofirstrespondersconcernmost?A.Thelanguagetocommunicate.B.Theplacewherethefireoccurs.C.Thedistancethefirecovered.D.Thepeopletrappedinthefire.8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ImportanceofLanguageUsedinEmergencyRescueB.MandarinBeingaMustforEmergencyWorkersC.NewYork’sEmergencyCrewLearningMandarinD.LanguageProblemDisturbingFirstResponders’WorkSectionC(2018内蒙古呼伦贝尔一模,C)Speedwalkinghasnowbecomepartofmydailyroutineforsixyears.Iamalwayskeentodoitregularlywithoutabreak.EventhoughIamneitheraphysiciannoraspecialistinmedicalscience,Iamfullyawarethatexercise,especiallyspeedwalking,helpsmaintainhealthandlowersthechanceoffallingill.Iurgeeverybodytospeedwalkonadailybasis,withonedayoffaweek,oratleastthreetimesaweek.Imanagedtoburnaround17kgoffataftertakingupspeedwalking.Thisshouldalsobeaccompaniedwithachangeindiet.Weneedtoreducehowmuchweeatandavoidjunkfood,sweetsandcarbonateddrinks.Reducingtheamountoffoodweeatintheeveningbyaround80percentandincreasinghowmuchwaterwedrinkisalsoagoodpractice.Overeatingshouldalsobeavoided.Iusuallywalkataspeedof1kmper8.5minutes.Itwillinitiallymakeyoutired.However,overtimeitwillbecomeahabitandanaddiction.Thistypeofexercisewillhelpyoumentally,willalsohelpyousleepandgiveyouanappetite.Itwillmakeyouphysicallyfitandhelpburnfatandcalories.Speedwalkingmakesyouhealthyandeveryonecanfindtimetowalk.Theproblemisthatsomepeopledonotplantheirdaysanddonot,therefore,findtime.Wecangainhealthandsocialbenefitsfromspeedwalking.Itwillhelpchangeourlifestyles,fightdiabetes(糖尿病),andotherillnesses.Argumentssuchas“Iamtoooldandobesetowalk”donotholdwater.Peopleofanyagewhospeedwalkwillseethebenefitswithinacoupleofmonths.Walkingoutdoorsisidealanditisbestdoneinthecompanyoffriends. 1.Whichsentenceistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Speedwalkinghelpspatientsrecover.B.Theauthorthinkseverybodymustspeedwalkeveryday.C.Theauthorsuggestsreducingtheamountoffoodweeatbyaround80percent.D.Theauthorwalksataspeedofmorethan100metersperminute.2.Wecaninferfromthefourthparagraphthat　　　. A.speedwalkingpossiblyleadstoaneatingdisorderB.manypeoplearetoobusytohaveaspeedwalkeverydayC.morecaloriesandfatwillresultinsomeseriousillnessesD.speedwalkingcaneffectivelycurekindsofdiseases3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“holdwater”mean?A.Makesense.B.Workout.C.Haveadrink.D.Buildup.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TipsonHowtoSpeedWalk.B.GreatBenefitsofSpeedWalking.C.TheHistoryofSpeedWalking.D.MySuccessinReducingWeight.SectionD(2018四川乐山高三二调,B)In2011,BritishwildlifephotographerDavidSlatertraveledtoTangkokoBatuangusNatureReserveontheislandofSulawesiinIndonesia.Afterfollowingabout25endangeredblackmonkeysintheforest,Slatersetuphiscamera.Themonkeyswentuptoit,andwereattractedbyitimmediately.Finally,theybeganplayingwiththecameraandtookphotosofthemselves.Onemonkeytookmanyphotos,someofwhichappearedwithaJuly2011DailyMailarticleaboutSlaterplayingwiththemonkeys.OneofthephotosbecamethecoverofabookofSlater’swork,WildlifePersonalities,whichwaspublishedin2014byBlurb,Inc.,inSanFrancisco.Slaterisconsideredasthecopyright(版权)ownerofthephotos.InSeptember2015,however,PeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals(PETA)consideredthemonkeycalledNarutoasthecopyrightownerofthephotos.Throughhis“friends”atPETA,Narutowassuing(控诉)thephotographerandthepublishingcompanyBlurbforcopyright:“ThephotosresultedfromthepurposefulactionsofNarutoandwerenothelpedbySlater,resultinginworksofauthorship...byNaruto.”“IfahumanhadtakenaphotowithSlater’scamera,thatpersonwouldownthecopyrightofthephoto,”saysJeffKerrofPETA.“Narutoshouldbetreatednodifferently.”ThelawyerforSlaterandBlurb,AndrewDhuey,requiredthatthecasebedismissed(驳回)inNovember2015.Dhueymentioneda2004caseinwhichthecourthadtodecidewhetherwhalescouldsuetheUSNavyforthedangerthey’dreceivedfrommachinesusedbytheNavy.Thecourtruledthattheycouldnot.InJanuary,thecourtruledinfavorofdismissingthecase.PETAlawyerJeffKerrobjected,“WebelieveithasbeenstatedclearlyintheCopyrightAct.TheActallowscourtstofillindecisionslikethisone.”1.What’sthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Totellastorytosupportthetopic.B.Togivethebackgroundinformation.C.Toexpresstheauthor’sopinion.D.Toattractreaders’attention.2.WhydidPETAchallengethecopyrightofthephotos?A.ThecamerawasnotSlater’s.B.SlaterdidharmtoNaruto.C.ThephotosweretakenbyNaruto.D.Slaterjusthelpedalittle.3.WhatdidDhueydotohelpSlaterandBlurb?A.Hemadeapublicspeech.B.HehadatalkwithPETA.C.HeturnedtotheUSNavy.D.Hegaveanexample.4.Howdidthecourtruleonthecopyrightofthephotos?A.Narutocouldn’townit.B.NarutoandSlatershouldshareit.C.Slatercouldn’tusethephotosanymore.D.SlatershouldpaysomemoneytoPETA.SectionAA[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国著名的慈善活动“红鼻子节”,包括它的由来以及一些庆祝活动。1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句TheaimofthedayistoraisemoneyforacharitycalledComicReliefwhichhelpspeopleinneedinAfricaandintheUK.可知,慈善机构ComicRelief的目的是帮助非洲和英国需要帮助的人,故答案为B项。2.D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中It’scalledRedNoseDayasonthisdaymanypeoplebuyaplasticrednosetowear!可知“红鼻子节”是由出售的产品而得名的,故D项正确。3.A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段RedNoseDaytakesplaceeverytwoyearsinthespring...可知这项活动每两年在春天举办一次,故A项正确。4.C　推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后两句Money-raisingeventstakeplacealloverthecountryandmanyschoolsjoinin.Peoplealsodonatemoneybypost,inbanks,byphoneusingacreditcardandonline.可以判断此活动在英国深受人们欢迎。B[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了牛津在线词典新增的一些词汇来说明世界在变,语言也在发生变化。5.D　推理判断题。引用法国作家FrantzFanon的话是为了介绍本篇话题:世界在变,语言也在发生变化,为下面介绍牛津在线词典新增词汇作铺垫。6.C　词义猜测题。根据上文socialmediawasthemainsourceforthenewexpressions及下文notallnewly-inventedwordsgetthechancetomaketheirwayintoamainstreamdictionary中的newly-invented可知coin意为“创造”。7.A　篇章结构题。根据文章第三段中的Oneexampleis...,第五段中的Forexample...,以及第六段中的Thephrase“climaterefugee”...可知本文主要是通过举例说明的。8.D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中Ifyouwanttocreateyourownhitwords,Stevenson’ssuggestionisthatyoushouldnotonlymakesurethattheyareexpressiveandmeaningful,butalsohaveanattractivesoundsothatpeoplewillenjoysayingthemoutloud.可知。SectionBA[语篇解读]　文章就《英国医学杂志》在线发表的一项关于大量食用巧克力可能降低心脏病风险的研究进行了讨论。作者对此持谨慎的态度,认为需要进一步的研究来证实这一说法。1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段的However,theauthorsstressthatfurtherstudiesareneededtotestwhetherchocolateactuallycausesthisreductionorifitcanbeexplainedbysomeotherunmeasuredfactors.可知D项错误。2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段的However,lifestyleanddietarekeyfactorsinpreventingheartdisease可推知,不健康的饮食是患心脏病的可能原因。故选B项。3.A　观点态度题。文章中作者一再强调需要进一步研究,由此可知作者是持谨慎的态度的。故选A项。4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“然而他们得出的结论是,考虑到食用巧克力对健康的益处,应该探索减少大多数巧克力产品中目前脂肪和糖含量的新 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 ”可以推测出我们应该考虑脂肪和糖的问题。故选C项。B[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。为了便于沟通,及时营救,纽约快速反应小组成员正在学习汉语。5.B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Firstrespondersarethefirstemergencyworkerstoarriveatafire,trafficaccidentorotheremergency.可知firstresponders是最先到达灾难现场的人。6.D　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中SomepeoplehavepredictedthattheChinesecommunityislikelytobecomeNewYork’slargestimmigrantgroup.可知,华人社区很有可能成为纽约最大的移民群体,快速反应小组成员学习汉语就是为了应对这种挑战。7.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Andthemostimportantquestion,“Isthereanybodyleftinthebuildingandwhere?”可知快速反应小组成员最关心的是被困在火里的人。8.C　主旨大意题。根据第三段中InBrooklyn,NewYork,over20firstrespondersarestudyingMandarinforabouttwohoursaweek.可知文章主要介绍的是纽约快速反应小组成员学习汉语。SectionC[语篇解读]　六年以来,作者一直在坚持快走。他建议每个人都抽时间参加这项锻炼,这有助于实现减肥、保持健康的目标。1.D　细节理解题。根据第三段的Iusuallywalkataspeedof1kmper8.5minutes.可知作者快走的速度,故D项正确。2.C　推理判断题。根据本段的Itwillmakeyouphysicallyfitandhelpburnfatandcalories以及fightdiabetes(糖尿病),andotherillnesses可以判断,快走有助于燃烧脂肪和卡路里,从而预防某些疾病,所以脂肪和卡路里过多会导致某些严重的疾病。3.A　词义猜测题。结合下句Peopleofanyagewhospeedwalkwillseethebenefitswithinacoupleofmonths.可知,任何年龄的人快走都会受益,所以“我年龄太大和太胖而不能走”的观点是没有道理的,A项符合文章内容。makesense有意义;有道理;讲得通。4.B　主旨大意题。通读全文可概括得知,文章主要围绕“快走的益处”展开,故B项符合文章主旨。SectionD[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了一起动物是否拥有著作版权的案件。最后法庭宣判,这起案件中的猴子Naruto不能拥有版权。1.B　细节理解题。第一段主要讲了2011年,一位野生动物摄影师DavidSlater去淡可可自然保育区旅游。拍照时,照相机被猴子抢去玩了,有一只猴子用这个照相机拍摄了许多照片,所以第一段的目的是给出背景信息,故选B项。2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中InSeptember2015,however,PeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals(PETA)consideredthemonkeycalledNarutoasthecopyrightownerofthephotos.可知人道对待动物协会质疑这些相片的版权是因为这些相片是被一只叫作Naruto的猴子拍摄的,故选C项。3.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Dhueymentioneda2004caseinwhichthecourthadtodecidewhetherwhalescouldsuetheUSNavy...theycouldnot.可知选D项。4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中InJanuary,thecourtruledinfavorofdismissingthecase.可推断出在这起照片版权纠纷案件中,Naruto不能拥有版权,故选A项。