英语论文常用学术高级词汇

.增补(Addition) inaddition另外,furthermore此外,again,also,besides,moreover此外,similarly,finally最后 2.比较(Comparison) inthesameway,likewise同样地,similarly,equally,incomparison比较起来,justas同样地 3.对照(Contrast) whereas然而,incontrast与此相反,ontheotherhand,instead同样,however然而,nevertheless然而,unlike,eventhough即使,onthecontrary,while 4.因果(Causeandeffect) because,becauseof,for,since,dueto,owingto,thanksto,asaresult(of),accordingly,hence,so,thus 5.强调(Emphasis) certainly,aboveall,indeed,ofcourse,surely,actually,asamatteroffact,chiefly,especially,primarily,inparticular,undoubtedly,absolutely,mostimprtant 6.让步(Concession) although,though,afterall,inspiteof,nevertheless,still,provided,whileitistrue.... 7.例证(Exemplification) forexample,forinstance,thatis,namely,suchas,inotherwords,inthiscase,bywayofillustration. 8.总结(Conclusion) tosumup,toconclude,inaword,inshort,inbrief,allinall,inall,toputitinanutshell,insummary 9.推断(Inference) therefore,asaresult(of),consequently,accordingly,so,otherwise 10.时间和空间(Timeandspace) afterward,after,first,later,then,soon,outside,near,beyound,above,below,ontheright(left),inthemiddle,opposite,infrontof 11.启承转合 1)、启 Aproverbsays......Atpresent....... Astheproverbsays....Currently..... Generallyspeaking,....Now,.... Ingeneral,.....OntheWhole.... Itisclearthat....Recently..... Itisoftensaidthat....Withoutdoubt,....... 2)、承 First(ofall),......Moreover,......... Firstly,............Noonecandenythat.... Inthefirstplace,......... Tobeginwith,.........Ofcourse,......... Also,.......Similarly,......... Atthesametime......Therefore,weshouldrealizethat..... Certainly......Thereisnodoubtthat....... Inaddition,.....What`smore,.......... Infact........Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat... Meanwhile...... 3)、转 But...Still,...... Buttheproblemisnotsosimple... Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis,butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto....... However, .......Tooursurprise,.......... Nevertheless,........Unfortunately....... Ontheotherhand,....... YetdifferencewillbefoundandthatiswhyIfeelthat........ Othersmayfindthistobetrue,butIdonot.Ithink..... 4)、合 Aboveall,Inbrief,........ Accordingly,.....Inconclusion,........ Allinall,....... Inotherwords,itishardtoescapetheconclusionthat........ Asaconsequence,.........Inshort,......... AsIhaveshown/said/stated/....Insum,........ Insummary,.......Ashasbeennoted,.... Obviously,.........Bysodoing,..... Onthewhole,.....Consequently,........ Presumably,.......Eventually,......... Toconclude,......Finally,........ Tosumup,.....Inaword,...... Tosummarize,...... 1.individuals,characters替换(people,persons) 2.positive,favorable,rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior替换good 3。dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse,ill(有害的)替换bad如果bad做表语，可以有belessimpressive替换 eg：Anarmyofcollegestudentsindulgethemselvesinplayinggames,enjoyingromancewithgirls/boysorkillingtimepassivelyintheirdorms.Whenitapproachestograduation,asaresult,theyfindtheiracademicrecordsarelessimpressive. 4.(anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,ahostof,many,ifnotmost)替换many. 注：用many,ifnotmost一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 eg:Manyindividuals,ifnotmost,harbortheideathat….同理用most,ifnotall,替换most. 5.asliceof,quietafew,several替换some 6.harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat, itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat替换think(因为是书面语，所以要加that) 7.affair,business,matter替换thing 8.shared替换common 9.reaphugefruits替换getmanybenefits) 10.formypart,frommyownperspective替换inmyopinion 11.Increasing(ly),growing替换moreandmore(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. eg：sthhasgainedgrowingpopularity.Sthisincreasinglypopularwiththeadvancementofsth. 12.littleifanything,或littleornothing替换hardly 13.beneficial,rewarding替换helpful, 14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser,替换customer 15.exceedingly,extremely,intensely替换very 16.hardlynecessary,hardlyinevitable...替换unnecessary,avoidable 17.sthappealstosb,sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb替换sbtakeinterestin/sb.beinterestedin 18.captureone’sattention替换attractone’sattention. 19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect 20.beindicativeof,besuggestiveof,befearfulof代indicate,suggest,fear  21.giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger考试大替换cause. 22.Thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth替换..reasonsforsth 23.desire替换want. 24.pourattentioninto替换payattentionto 25.bearinmindthat替换remember 26.enjoy,possess替换have(注意process是过程的意思) 27.interaction替换communication 28.frownonsth替换beagainst,disagreewithsth 29.tonameonlyafew,asanexample替换forexample,forinstance 30.nextto/virtuallyimpossible,替换nearly/almostimpossible