英语翻译教程Lesson 6

LESSON6（C-E） 新民主主义论（摘录） On New Democracy(An Excerpt) 五四运动是反帝国主义的运动，又是反封建的运动。 The May 4th Movement was an anti-imperialist as well as an anti-feudal movement. 五四运动的杰出的历史意义，在于它带着为辛亥革命还不曾有的姿态，这就是彻底地不妥协地反帝国主义和彻底地不妥协地反封建主义。 Its outstanding historical significance is to be seen in a feature which was absent from the revolution of 1911, namely, its thorough and uncompromising opposition to imperialism as well as to feudalism. 五四运动中所以具有这种性质，是在当时中国的资本主义经济已有进一步的发展，当时中国的革命知识分子眼见得俄、德、奥三大帝国主义国这已经瓦解，英、法两大帝国主义国家已经受伤，而俄国无产阶级已经建立了社会主义国家，德、奥（匈牙利）、意三国无产阶级在革命中，因而发生了中国民族解放的新希望。 The May 4th Movement possessed this quality because capitalism had developed a step further in China and because new hopes had arisen for the liberation of the Chinese nation as China’s revolutionary intellectuals saw the collapse of three great imperialist powers, Russia, Germany and Austria-Hungary, and the weakening of two others, Britain and France, while the Russian proletariat(工人阶级) had established a socialist state and the German, Hungarian and Italian proletariat had risen in revolution. 五四运动是在当时世界革命号召之下，是在俄国革命号召之下，是在列宁号召之下发生的。 The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, of the Russian Revolution of the time. 五四运动是当时无产阶级世界革命的一部分。五四运动时期虽然还没有中国共产党，但是已经有了大批的赞成俄国革命的具有初步共产主义思想的知识分子。 Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments（初步入门） of communist ideology（意识形态）. 五四运动，在其开始，是共产主义的知识分子、革命的小资产阶级知识分子和资产阶级知识分子（他们是当时运动中的右翼）三部分人的统一战线的革命运动。 In the beginning the May 4th Movement was the revolutionary movement of a united front of three sections of people – communist intellectuals, revolutionary petty-bourgeois intellectuals and bourgeois intellectuals (the last forming the right wing of the movement ). 它的弱点，应在只限于知识分子，没有工人农民参加。但发展到六三运动时，就不但是知识分子，而且有广大的无产阶级、小资产阶级和资产阶级参加，成了全国范围的革命运动了。 Its shortcoming was that it was confined to the intellectuals and that the workers and peasants did not join in. but as soon as it developed into the June 3rd Movement, not only the intellectuals but the mass of the proletariat, the petty bourgeoisie and the bourgeoisie joined in, and it became a nation-wide revolutionary movement. 五四运动所进行的文化革命则是彻底地反对封建文化的运动，自有中国历史以来，还没有过这样伟大而彻底的文化革命。 The cultural revolution ushered（引导） in by the May 4th Movement was uncompromising（不妥协，不让步） in its opposition to feudal culture; there had never been such a great and thoroughgoing cultural revolution since the dawn of Chinese history. 当时以反对旧道德提倡新道德，反对旧文学提倡新文学，为文化革命的两大旗帜，立下了伟大的功劳。 Raising aloft (在高处)the two great banners of the day, “Down with the old ethics and up with the new!” and “Down with the old literature and up with the new !”, the cultural revolution had great achievements to its credit. 这个文化运动，当时还没可能普级到工农群众中去。 At that time it was not yet possible for this cultural movement to become widely diffused（散布的，扩散的） among the workers and peasants. 它提出了“平民文学”口号，但是当时的所谓“平民”，实际上还只有限于小资产阶级和资产阶级的知识分子，即谓市民阶级的知识分子。 The slogan of “Literature for the common people” then could only refer to the petty-bourgeois and bourgeois intellectuals in the cities, that is, the urban intelligentsia. 五四运动是在思想上和干部上准备了一九二一年中国共产党的成立，又准备了五卅运动和北伐战争。 Both in ideology and in the matter of cadres, the May 4th Movement paved the way for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 and for the May 30th Movement in 1925 and the Northern Expedition. 当时的资产阶级知识分子，是五四运动的右翼，到了第二个时期，他们中间的大部分就和敌人妥协，站在反动方面了。 The bourgeois intellectuals, who constituted （建立）the right wing of the May 4th Movement, mostly compromised with the enemy in the second period and went over to the side of reaction. （选自《毛泽东选集》第二卷） (from Selected Works of Mao Tsetung, VO1.II) 五四运动 The May 4th Movement 第一次世界大战后，帝国主义对中国加紧侵略，北洋军阀政府对外妥协投降，对内残酷压迫人民，给中国带来了深重的民族危机。 After World War I, the imperialists stepped up their aggression against China while the Northern Warlord government resorted （采取）to compromise and capitulation （投降条约）externally（外 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 上，外形上） and to ruthless（无情的） oppression（镇压，压迫，苦恼，压抑） of the people internally（内在的）, thus landing China in a grave（严重的，低沉的） national crisis. 一九一九年“巴黎和会”上中国外交的失败，激起了中国人民的极大愤慨。 China’s diplomatic（外交的） setback（顿挫，挫折，退步，逆流，复发） at the Paris Peace Conference（会议） in 1919 aroused strong indignation among the Chinese people. 五月四日，北京三千多学生在天安门前集会，他们高呼“外争国权，内惩国贼”、“废除二十一条”等口号，举行示威游行 On May 4, over three thousand Beijing students gathered in front of the Tian An Men, and then held a demonstration, shouting such slogans as “Defend our sovereignty, punish the traitors!”, “Abolish the Twenty-one Demands!”。 他们要求惩办卖国贼曹汝霖、陆宗舆、章宗祥，并火烧了曹宅，痛打了章宗祥。 They called for punishment to be meted（给予） out to the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxing. They set fire to（纵火烧） Cao’s residence and beat up Zhang. 北洋军阀政府出动军警镇压，捕去学生三十多名。 The government called out troops and policemen to suppress the demonstators and over thirty students were arrested. 那时候，各地学生纷纷响应北京学生的反帝爱国斗争。 Immediately , the students in one part of the country after another rose in support of the anti-imperialist patriotic （爱国的）struggle launched （发起）by the students in Beijing. 具有初步共产主义思想的知识分子李大钊、毛泽东、周恩来等同志分别在北京、长沙、天津，指导了这个伟大的反帝运动。 Comrades Li Dazhao, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other intellectuals who already had some knowledge of communism guided this great movement in Beijing, Changsha, Tianjin respectively. 六月三日，北京学生组织演讲队，开展大规模的宣传活动，军阀政府地学生的镇压变本加厉，捕去一百七十多人。 On June 3, the students of Beijing formed groups of speakers and carried out extensive（广泛的，广大的） propaganda（宣传）. The government intensified （加强）its suppression and arrested over 170 students. “六·三”以后，主要是青年学生参加的五四爱国运动，发展成为无产阶级、小资产阶级和民族资产阶级共同参加的全国范围的革命运动。无产阶级成为运动的主力。 From this point on, the May 4th patriotic movement, hitherto（迄今，至今） conducted（引导，管理，传导） mainly by the student youth, became a nation-wide revolutionary movement in which the proletariat, the petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie all took part, with the proletariat as the mainstay（中流砥柱）. 上海、唐山、长辛店等地工人纷纷罢工示威，中国工人阶级第一次作为觉悟了的独立的政治力量登上了政治舞台，显示了它的伟大力量。 Large numbers of workers in Shanghai, Tangshan, Changxindian and elsewhere （在别处）went on strike and held demonstrations. For the first time in Chinese history, the working class appeared as an awakened, independent force in the political arena（竞技场，舞台）, demonstrating its tremendous strength. 在全国人民反帝爱国斗争的压力下，北洋军阀政府被迫释放被捕学生，撤销三个卖国贼的职务，拒绝在对德“和约”上签字，反帝反封建斗争取得了初步胜利。 Under the pressure of the nation-wide anti-imperialist patriotic struggle, the Warlord government had to set free the students it had arrested, dismiss the three traitors from office, and withhold its signature from the “Peace Treaty” with Germany. This marked an initial victory for the struggle against imperialism and feudalism. 五四运动是一次彻底的不妥协的反帝反封建的革命运动，它促成了中国工人运动同马克思主义的结合，在思想上和干部上为中国共产党的成立作了准备，是中国新民主主义革命的开端。 The May 4th Movement was a thoroughgoing, uncompromising revolutionary movement against imperialism and feudalism. It was instrumental in bringing about the integration （综合的）of Marxism with China’s labour movement, and it paved the way , both in ideology and in the matter of cadres, for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party. It ushered in China’s new-democratic revolution. （选自《北京日报》） PAGE 4