unit 3 answers to exercises

unit3answerstoexercisesUnit3WhateverHappenedtoManners?.VocabularyAnalysis1.Phrasepractice1.getawayfromsth.=becomedifferentfromwhatitshouldbelike避免，与……不同e.g.Thebookproducesanewimageofteacherwhichgetsawayfromthestereotype.这本书描绘了一个与以往大不相同的教师形象。2.pulloutintotraffic=moveoutontothemainroad驶入车流e.g.Themurdererwindeddownthewindowandpulledoutintotraffic.凶手摇下车窗，将车驶入车流。Hewavedmegoodbyeandpulledoutintotraffic.他向我挥手告别，将车驶入车流。3.onthereceivingend=whoreceivessth.接收方；betheonewhosufferssomethingunpleasant承受不愉快、接受打击的人e.g.Noonewanttobeonthereceivingendofgameplaying.游戏中，谁也不想成为被动的一方。4.goalongway=produceafar-reachingeffect有长远的影响e.g.Tomorrow’sgamewillgoalongwaytowarddeterminingtheirteam’sfuture.明天的比赛对决定他们队的未来意义重大。2.Wordcomparison1.matter:tobeimportant,ortoaffectwhathappense.g.Wewerelatebutitdidn’tseemtomatter.happen:whensomethinghappens,thereisanevent,especiallyonethatisnotplannede.g.It’simportanttopredictwhatwillhappennext.care:ifyoucareaboutsomething,youfeelthatitisimportantandareconcernedaboutite.g.Doesanybodyknowwe’rehere,doesanybodycare?.mind:totakecareofsomeoneorsomethinge.g.SheaskedmeifI’dmindthechildrenforanhourwhileshewentshopping.2.hurry:todosomethingorgosomewheremorequicklythanusual,especiallybecausethereisnotmuchtimee.g.Ihatehavingtohurryameal.rush:ifyourushsomewhere,yougotherequicklye.g.Aschoolgirlrushedintoaburningflattosaveaman’slife.hasten:youhastensomethingbyactinginordertomakeithappensoonere.g.Hehastenedtotheoffice.quicken:tobecomequickerormakesomethingquickere.g.Rayglancedathiswatchandquickenedhispace.3.copartner:ajointpartner(asinabusinessenterprise)e.g.Sheisacopartnerofalawfirm.coworker:yourcoworkerissomeoneyouworkwith,especiallypeopleonthesamejoborprojectasyoue.g.Acoworkerurgedhimtoseeapsychiatrist,butFaulknerrefused.colleague:yourcolleaguesarethepeopleyouworkwith,especiallyinaprofessionaljobe.g.We’reentertainingsomecolleaguesofBen’stonight.cooperative:abusinessororganizationownedequallybyallthepeopleworkingtheree.g.Theydecidedtosetupacooperative.4.pullup:whenacarorsomeonedrivingacarpullup,thedriverstopsthecar,oftenforashorttimee.g.Acarpulledupoutsidemyhouse.pullout:ifavehiclepullsout,itstartsmovingontoaroadorontoadifferentpartoftheroade.g.Acarpulledrightoutinfrontofme.pulloff:todriveacaroffaroadinordertostop,ortoturnintoasmallerroade.g.Wepulledofftheroadtogetsomefood.pulldown:toearnaparticularamountofmoneye.g.Heispullingdown$5,000ayear.5.manner:thewayinwhichpeoplebehaveandtalkwhentheyarewithotherpeople,forexamplewhethertheyarepolite,confidentorbad-temperede.g.Hismannerwasself-assuredandbrusque.behaviour:thethingthatapersonoranimaldoese.g.Itisimportanttorewardgoodbehavior.act:somethingthatyoudoe.g.Thesimpleactoftellingsomeoneaboutaproblemcanhelp.way:thewaysofaparticularpersonorgroupofpeoplearetheircustomsortheirusualbehaviore.g.Hehasratherstrangeways.6.graceful:behaveinapleasantwaye.g.Shefinallyapologized,butshewasn’tverygracefulaboutit.gracious:behavinginapolite,kind,andgenerousway,especiallytopeopleofalowerranke.g.Sibylwasthemostgracious,helpful,andgenerouspersontoworkwith.grateful:ifyouaregratefulforsomethingthatsomeonehasgivenyouordoneforyou,youhaveawarm,friendlyfeelingtowardsthemandwishtothanktheme.g.Shewasgratefultohimforbeingsogoodtoher.grand:splendidinstyleandappearance;attractingadmirationandattentione.g.Theyalwaysentertaintheirguestsinagrandstyle.7.menu:alistofallthekindsoffoodthatareavailableforameal,especiallyinarestaurante.g.Couldwehavethemenu,please?cookbook:abookthatcontainsrecipesforpreparingfoode.g.Thisisahousethatspecializesincookbooks.recipe:asetofinstructionsforcookingaparticulartypeoffoode.g.Hisrecipewillbeenoughforfourservings.ingredient:afoodthatisusedwithotherfoodsinthepreparationofaparticulardishe.g.Thelistofingredientsincluded250gofalmonds.8.huge:extremelylargeinsize,amount,ordegree e.g.Thereshoesmakemyfeetlookhuge.enormous:emphasizingthegreatdegreeorextentofsomethinge.g.Itwasanenormousdisappointment.vast:extremelybige.g.Avastaudiencewatchedthebroadcast.colossal:usedtoemphasizethatsomethingisextremelylargee.g.Thewholeholidaywasacolossalwasteofmoney.3.Synonym/AntonymGivesynonymsorantonymsofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.…nevergivingawaveornodofappreciationwhenanothermotoristletsthempulloutintotraffic.Synonyms:thanks,recognition2.Inourlazinesswethinkthatsomethinglikeasimple“Thankyou”doesn’treallymatter.Antonyms:activeness,liveliness,briskness,eagerness3.Wecan’tbetrulystylishwithoutgoodmanners.Synonyms:fashionable,graceful,elegant4.Haven’tyounoticedthatthekindest,mostgenerouspeopleseemtokeepgettingprettier?Antonyms:selfish,mean,ungenerous5.Agraciousmannernotonlysetsanexcellentexampleforyourchildrenandgrandchildrenbutitaddspanachetoyourimage.Synonyms:nice,courteous,polite,friendly6.Iknowweallhavebusylives.Antonyms:leisurely,relaxed,idle,unoccupied,lazy7.Butwhensomeonedoesstopandturnaroundandgenuinelyapologizes,doesn’titmeltawaymost—ifnotall—oftheirritationyoufelt?Synonyms:annoyance,vexation,displeasure,dissatisfaction8.Andpunctualityisnotathingofthepast,either.Antonyms:promptness,timekeeping,reliabilityGrammarExercisePractice:Usesuperlativesorcomparativesoftheadjectivesgiventocompletethesentences.1.Ipreferthischairtotheotherone.It’s___________(comfortable).2.That’s_______________(funny)jokeIhaveeverheard.3.NowI’verealizedthatgivingupmyjobis_____________(bad)mistakeIhaveevermade.4.Racingis___________(interesting)sportI'veeverknown.5.TheYellowRiveristhesecond_____________(long)riverinChina.6.Whichisthe_____________(large)country,CanadaorAustralia?Keys:1.morecomfortable;(Thecomparativeformisusedbecausetwochairsarebeingcompared.)2.thefunniest;(Whenanounispostmodifiedbyarelativeclauseoraprepositionalphrase,asuperlativeisusedtopremodifyit.)3.theworst4.themostinteresting5.longest(Whenthereisanordinalnumberbeforeanoun,asuperlativeisusedaftertheordinalnumber.)6.larger(Thecomparativeformisusedbecausetwocountriesarebeingcompared.)III.Translationexercises1.在音乐会上，歌手每唱完一首美妙动听的歌曲，观众便高声喝彩 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示欣赏。（appreciation）Explanation:"Appreciation"meanstheactofunderstandingofthenatureormeaningorqualityormagnitudeofsomething.Translation:Attheconcert,wheneverasingerfinishedsingingabeautifulsong,theaudiencewouldburstintoloudcheerstoshowtheirappreciation.Practice:对美酒的赞美和良好的分辨力总是相配的。Theappreciationoffinewineandthatoffineintellectualdistinctionsoftengotogether.对于艺术作品的欣赏必然受到一种特殊的兴趣爱好的支配。Appreciationofworksofartisboundtobedominatedbyaparticularkindofinterest.爱因斯坦的天才受到如此广泛的赞赏似乎相当引人注目。ItseemsremarkablethattherewassuchgeneralappreciationofEinstein'sgenius.2.她是个穿着时髦的人，但对饮食很少讲究。(stylish)Explanation:Ifyouarestylish,youhaveeleganceortasteorrefinementinmannersordress,oryouareinaccordancewithcurrentsocialfashions.Translation:Sheisalwayswearingstylishclothes,butseldomcaresaboutwhatsheeatsordrinks.Practice:他身穿吊带西裤，跳起舞来非常潇洒。Heiswearingasuitwithshoulderstrapsanddoingastylishdance阿玛尼所推出的夹克宽松而有型，一般大众都乐于接受这种变化。Armani'sloose,stylishjacketswereseenasawelcomechange.重庆不是一个时尚的城市，这对重庆女孩来说，当然有些遗憾。Chongqingisnotastylishcity,andthisis,ofcourse,apitytoitsgirls.3.颁奖时，主席赞美获奖者为人类做出了巨大贡献。(compliment)Explanation:"Compliment"isanexpressionofpraise,congratulationorencouragement.Translation:Whenawardingtheprize,thechairmancomlimentedthewinneronhisgreatcontributiontomankind.Practice:威尔逊太太不屑地把眉毛一扬，否定了这句恭维话。Mrs.Wilsonrejectedthecomplimentbyraisinghereyebrowindistain.他沽名钓誉。Heangledforcompliments.他会说动听的恭维话。Hecanturnprettycompliments.4这只是例行的体格检查，无须太紧张。(routine)Explanation:"Routine"isacourseofactiontobefollowedregularly;astandardprocedureorasetofnormalprocedures,oftenperformedmechanically.Translation:Itisjustaroutinephysicalcheckup,nothingtogetworriedabout.Practice:我厌倦了这日复一日、一成不变的日常工作。I'mboredwiththesameoldroutinedayafterday.你需要从日常工作中抽身去休息一下。Youneedabreakfromroutine. 那天傍晚，他没有把报告按规定送去存档，而是放进一个夹子，锁进了自己的抽屉。Laterthatday,insteadofsendingitforroutinefiling,heplacedthereportinafolderinalockeddrawerofhisdesk.IV.Exercisesforintegratedskills2.ClozeFillineachblankinthepassagebelowwithONEwordyouthinkappropriate.ItissometimessaidthattheEnglishareapolitepeople.Thiscanmakelife(1)difficultforforeigners.SupposeaforeignboyasksanEnglishgirltogooutwithhimandshesays“(2)IfIfinishmywork,I’llmeetyouintherestaurantat7o’clock.”Isshesaying“yes”or“no”tohis(3)invitation?Ingrammaticaltermssheisusingtheconditionalstructure.(4)Byusingtheconditional,speakersofEnglish(5)avoidusingadirect“yes”or“no”answertoaquestion.Oftenthisisveryuseful.It(6)enablespeopletobediplomatic.Ifthegirldidn’twanttogowiththeboyshewon’t(7)turnupattherestaurant.Shewilllethimsupposesheisstillworking.Ifshewantedtogooutwithhim,butdidn’twanttoappeartoo(8)easytocatch,shehasachievedthatwithherreply.(9)Butinthiscase,assheusedthefirstconditional(if+presentsimple+future)whichindicatesprobability,sheisquite(10)likelytoturnupattherestaurant.Beingpolitecansometimesmakelifeverycomplicated.Hints:1)difficult:Hereyoucanuseawordmeaning“hard”.Accordingtothefollowingexample,wedon’tknowwhetherthegirlwillgotherestaurantornot,sothisanswerisdifficulttobeunderstood. 2)if:Awordleadingadverbialclauseisneededhere.3)invitation:Theboywantstoaskthegirlout.Thisisaninvitation.4)by:Youneedaprepositionheretoshowthatyouractioncanenableyoutoachievesomething.5)avoid:Hereyouneedawordtomeanthatyouchoosenottodosomething(say“yes”or“no”).6)enables:HereyouneedawordtoshowthattheconditionalstructuregivesthesparkersofEnglishtheopportunitytobediplomatic.7)turn:Thiswordcollocateswith“up”tomean“appear”.8)easy:Itishardtoguesswhattherealanswerisfromthegirl.Whydoesshebehavelikethis?9)but:Hereyouneedawordtoshowthechangeinmeaning.10)likely:Hereyouneedwordmeaning“probably”.