Ubuntu配置CPU温度、风扇转速、硬盘温度监控

看到网上有一些朋友装好Ubuntu(​http:​/​​/​www.linuxidc.com​/​topicnews.aspx?tid=2"\o"Ubuntu​)后无法利用主板的传感器监控硬件状态，把自己的安装心得写出来，希望对刚接触Ubuntu的人有些帮助。这是以前的老文章，仅供参考。首先说下我的配置,4年前的机器:代码:CPU：AMDAthlonXP2200+主板：SoltekSL-KT400-C操作系统：Ubuntu(​http:​/​​/​www.linuxidc.com​/​topicnews.aspx?tid=2"\o"Ubuntu​) Feisty7.04由于CPU的散热风扇效果不是很好，夏天最热的时候CPU温度高到70几度，所以在Windows下有采用CPUidle的方式行降温。安装Ubuntu(​http:​/​​/​www.linuxidc.com​/​topicnews.aspx?tid=2"\o"Ubuntu​)后对机器的状态自然就比较重视了，特别关心CPU的温度，所以经过Google,Baidu后总结得到的安装方法：第一步：安装lm-sensors和sensors-applet(也可以选用后面新找到的一个软件CompTempMonitor)，打开终端输入：代码:sudoapt-getinstalllm-sensorssensors-applet根据提示键入Root密码，然后等待下载并安装完后关闭终端。在你想要显示传感器温度的面板位置右键，选择“添加到面板”菜单命令，在列表中选择“HardwareSensorsMonitor”后单击“添加”按钮即可添加该Applet程序。能直接检测到传感器那最好了。如果没有检测到传感器(我的就没有显示)，显示”Nosensorsfound”则转到下一步。第二步：手动配置传感器：Ubuntu(​http:​/​​/​www.linuxidc.com​/​topicnews.aspx?tid=2"\o"Ubuntu​)安装的时候可能没有对传感器进行配置,需要手动配置传感器。lm-sensors软件提供了一个非常好的命令：sensors-detect，会自动侦测所需模块,类似Windows软件常见的“下一步”模式，引导你配置好传感器,向导中的问题按提示回答“Yes”或者"ENTER".一般一路下去输入"Yes"/"ENTER"就可以了,我检测配置的时候就一路Yes和ENTER.在终端输入：代码:sudosensors-detect过程：代码:linuxidc@Ubuntu-desktop:~$(​mailto:linuxidc@Ubuntu-desktop:~$​) sudosensors-detect#sensors-detectrevision4171(2006-09-2403:37:01-0700)Thisprogramwillhelpyoudeterminewhichkernelmodulesyouneedtoloadtouselm_sensorsmosteffectively.Itisgenerallysafeandrecommendedtoacceptthedefaultanswerstoallquestions,unlessyouknowwhatyou'redoing.Wecanstartwithprobingfor(PCI)I2CorSMBusadapters.Doyouwanttoprobenow?(YES/no):yesProbingforPCIbusadapters...Usedriver`i2c-viapro'fordevice0000:00:11.0:VIATechnologiesVT8233A/8235SouthBridgeWewillnowtrytoloadeachadaptermoduleinturn.Module`i2c-viapro'alreadyloaded.Ifyouhaveundetectableorunsupportedadapters,youcanhavethemscannedbymanuallyloadingthemodulesbeforerunningthisscript.Tocontinue,weneedmodule`i2c-dev'tobeloaded.Doyouwanttoload`i2c-dev'now?(YES/no):yesModuleloadedsuccessfully.WearenowgoingtodotheI2C/SMBusadapterprobings.Somechipsmaybedoubledetected;wechoosetheonewiththehighestconfidencevalueinthatcase.Ifyoufoundthattheadapterhungafterprobingacertainaddress,youcanspecifythataddresstoremainunprobed.Nextadapter:SMBusViaProadapterat0400Doyouwanttoscanit?(YES/no/selectively):yesClientfoundataddress0x4cHandledbydriver`lm90'(alreadyloaded),chiptype`lm90'Clientfoundataddress0x4eProbingfor`NationalSemiconductorLM75'...               NoProbingfor`DallasSemiconductorDS1621'...               NoProbingfor`AnalogDevicesADM1021'...                    NoProbingfor`AnalogDevicesADM1021A/ADM1023'...           NoProbingfor`MaximMAX1617'...                             NoProbingfor`MaximMAX1617A'...                            NoProbingfor`TITHMC10'...                                 NoProbingfor`NationalSemiconductorLM84'...               NoProbingfor`GenesysLogicGL523SM'...                     NoProbingfor`OnsemiMC1066'...                             NoProbingfor`MaximMAX1619'...                             NoProbingfor`NationalSemiconductorLM82/LM83'...          NoProbingfor`MaximMAX6659'...                             NoProbingfor`MaximMAX6633/MAX6634/MAX6635'...             NoProbingfor`ITEIT8201R/IT8203R/IT8206R/IT8266R'...       NoProbingfor`FintekF75111R/RG/N(GPIO)'...                NoProbingfor`FintekF75121R/F75122R/RG(VID+GPIO)'...      NoClientfoundataddress0x50Probingfor`AnalogDevicesADM1033'...                    NoProbingfor`AnalogDevicesADM1034'...                    NoProbingfor`SPDEEPROM'...                                Success!(confidence8,driver`eeprom')Probingfor`EDIDEEPROM'...                               NoProbingfor`MaximMAX6900'...                             NoClientfoundataddress0x51Probingfor`AnalogDevicesADM1033'...                    NoProbingfor`AnalogDevicesADM1034'...                    NoProbingfor`SPDEEPROM'...                                Success!(confidence8,driver`eeprom')Clientfoundataddress0x69SomechipsarealsoaccessiblethroughtheISAI/Oports.WehavetowritetoarbitraryI/Oportstoprobethem.Thisisusuallysafethough.Yes,youdohaveISAI/OportsevenifyoudonothaveanyISAslots!DoyouwanttoscantheISAI/Oports?(YES/no):yesProbingfor`NationalSemiconductorLM78'at0x290...      NoProbingfor`NationalSemiconductorLM78-J'at0x290...    NoProbingfor`NationalSemiconductorLM79'at0x290...      NoProbingfor`WinbondW83781D'at0x290...                  NoProbingfor`WinbondW83782D'at0x290...                  NoProbingfor`WinbondW83627HF'at0x290...                 NoProbingfor`SiliconIntegratedSystemsSIS5595'...        NoProbingfor`VIAVT82C686IntegratedSensors'...           NoProbingfor`VIAVT8231IntegratedSensors'...             NoProbingfor`AMDK8thermalsensors'...                    NoProbingfor`IPMIBMCKCS'at0xca0...                     NoProbingfor`IPMIBMCSMIC'at0xca8...                    NoSomeSuperI/Ochipsmayalsocontainsensors.WehavetowritetostandardI/Oportstoprobethem.Thisisusuallysafe.DoyouwanttoscanforSuperI/Osensors?(YES/no):yesProbingforSuper-I/Oat0x2e/0x2fTryingfamily`ITE'...                                     YesFound`ITEIT8705FSuperIOSensors'                       Success!(address0x290,driver`it87')Tryingfamily`NationalSemiconductor'...                  NoTryingfamily`SMSC'...                                    NoTryingfamily`VIA/Winbond/Fintek'...                      NoProbingforSuper-I/Oat0x4e/0x4fTryingfamily`ITE'...                                     YesFound`ITEIT8705FSuperIOSensors'                       Success!(address0x290,driver`it87')Tryingfamily`NationalSemiconductor'...                  NoTryingfamily`SMSC'...                                    NoTryingfamily`VIA/Winbond/Fintek'...                      NoNowfollowsasummaryoftheprobesIhavejustdone.JustpressENTERtocontinue:ENTERDriver`lm90'(shouldbeinserted):Detectscorrectly:*Bus`SMBusViaProadapterat0400'Busdriver`i2c-viapro',I2Caddress0x4cChip`lm90'(confidence:6)Driver`eeprom'(shouldbeinserted):Detectscorrectly:*Bus`SMBusViaProadapterat0400'Busdriver`i2c-viapro',I2Caddress0x50Chip`SPDEEPROM'(confidence:8)*Bus`SMBusViaProadapterat0400'Busdriver`i2c-viapro',I2Caddress0x51Chip`SPDEEPROM'(confidence:8)EEPROMsare*NOT*sensors!Theyaredatastoragechipscommonlyfoundonmemorymodules(SPD),inmonitors(EDID),orinsomelaptops,forexample.Driver`it87'(shouldbeinserted):Detectscorrectly:*ISAbusaddress0x0290(Busdriver`i2c-isa')Chip`ITEIT8705FSuperIOSensors'(confidence:9)Iwillnowgeneratethecommandsneededtoloadtherequiredmodules.JustpressENTERtocontinue:ENTERTomakethesensorsmodulesbehavecorrectly,addtheselinesto/etc/modules:#----cuthere----#I2Cadapterdriversi2c-viapro#Chipdriverslm90eepromit87#----cuthere----#上面的内容是关键,列举了启动时要载入的模块,检测结果和我在Windows下用EVERESTUltimate软件查得到主板的情况一致:VIAKT400的芯片组和传感器ITEIT8705F,NationalLM90(ISA290h,SMBus4Ch),如果上述检测未能找到出你主板上的传感器,查看/usr/share/doc/lm-sensors/doc/lm_sensors-FAQ.html或者去lm-sensorswiki:http://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki查找解决方法.Doyouwanttoaddtheselinesto/etc/modulesautomatically?(yes/NO)yes确认添加的模块:代码:sudogedit/etc/modules打开/etc/modules查看：代码:linuxidc@Ubuntu-desktop:~$(​mailto:linuxidc@Ubuntu-desktop:~$​) sudogedit/etc/modules#/etc/modules:kernelmodulestoloadatboottime.##Thisfilecontainsthenamesofkernelmodulesthatshouldbeloaded#atboottime,oneperline.Linesbeginningwith"#"areignored.fuselp#Generatedbysensors-detectonSatMay1922:57:412007#I2Cadapterdriversi2c-viapro#Chipdriverslm90eepromit87第三步:安装其它监控软件xsensors，ksensors，gdesklets(gdesklets里有很多桌面小程序)，Gkrellm，hddtemp等,自己选择安装.代码:sudoapt-getinstallxsensors或者ksensors(KDE中推荐使用ksensors)代码:sudoapt-getinstallgdeskletsgkrellm安装硬盘温度监控:代码:sudoapt-getinstallhddtemp安装完后重启系统就能正确监控了.终端中输入sensors命令或者用xsensors或者ksensors就可随时监控CPU温度,风扇转速等硬件状态.代码:linuxidc@Ubuntu-desktop:~$(​mailto:linuxidc@Ubuntu-desktop:~$​) sensorslm90-i2c-0-4cAdapter:SMBusViaProadapterat0400M/BTemp:   +37°C (low =   +0°C,high=  +70°C)CPUTemp: +45.0°C (low = +0.0°C,high=+70.0°C)M/BCrit:   +85°C (hyst=  +75°C)CPUCrit:   +75°C (hyst=  +65°C)it87-isa-0290Adapter:ISAadapterVCore1:  +1.50V (min= +0.00V,max= +4.08V)VCore2:  +2.53V (min= +0.00V,max= +4.08V)+3.3V:    +3.33V (min= +0.00V,max= +4.08V)+5V:      +4.92V (min= +0.00V,max= +6.85V)+12V:    +11.97V (min= +0.00V,max=+16.32V)-12V:    -19.75V (min=-27.36V,max= +3.93V)-5V:      -0.62V (min=-13.64V,max= +4.03V)Stdby:    +3.87V (min= +0.00V,max= +6.85V)VBat:     +2.03Vfan1:    3013RPM (min=2008RPM,div=8)fan2:       0RPM (min=   0RPM,div=8)M/BTemp:   +42°C (low = +127°C,high=  +65°C)  sensor=thermistorCPUTemp:   -55°C (low =   -1°C,high= +127°C)  sensor=thermistorTeMP3(​http:​/​​/​www.linuxidc.com​/​audio​/​index.htm"\o"MP3​):      -20°C (low =   -1°C,high= +127°C)  sensor=thermistor显示结果中有些数值是不正确的,但是硬件实际的工作状态可能是正常的,只是显示问题.无效的项或者错误的项可以进行修改.代码:sudogedit/etc/sensors.conf搜索自己主板传感器配置段,比如我的就要搜索"lm90","it87"关键词,修改正确的电压显示表达式,过滤的无效项.哈哈,本人英语不过关,还在努力中,具体查看/usr/share/doc/lm-sensors/doc/lm_sensors-FAQ.html或者http://www.lm-sensors.org/wiki/iwizard/1.————————以下内容适用于使用Athlon/Duron处理器的系统—————————————————————————————————————另外，前面提到了我的CPU夏天温度高到70几度,虽然主板有CPU烧不死的保护技术，还是有点恐怖,所以想采用CPUidle的方式进行降温,找到这么一个小软件Athcool，适用于采用Athlon/Duron处理器的系统。安装降温软件Athcool:代码:sudoapt-getinstallathcool查看它支持的芯片组:代码:athcoollist使用athcool开始降温:代码:sudoathcoolon打开xsensors看了下,CPU温度下降了10度左右,效果非常明显，不过麻烦的是每次开机要去运行它,这个夏天不用为CPU温度发愁了哈!!-----------------CompTempMonitor--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------推荐一个新找到的监控软件CompTempMonitor,功能和sensors-applet差不多差不多,中文界面安装完成后,在你想要显示传感器温度的面板位置右键，选择“添加到面板”菜单命令，在列表中选择“ComputerTemperatureMonitor”后单击“添加”按钮即可添加该Applet程序。PAGE/NUMPAGES