2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练7(I)

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练7(I) 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere. The project, called Hywind, is the world’s first large-scale deepwater wind turbine (涡轮发电机). Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton, 2. 3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture), a technology Hywind’s creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables (缆索); these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywind’s stability (稳定性) in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September. To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar’s centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the ocean’s surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox (变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture). Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available. 1. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of　　　.　 A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor B. the spar which is floating in deep-sea water C. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface 2. To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting　　　.　 A. on the sea floor　　　　B. on the spar top　　　　 C. at sea level　　　　 D. behind the blades 3. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can　　　.　 A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills B. make financial profits by producing more turbines C. settle the arguments about environmental problems D. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea 【参考答案】1-3 BCD　 A “Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy – they’re given after all. Choices can be hard.” –– Jeff Bezos I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30 years old, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t, and I wasn’t sure what to expect. MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor. I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion. I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately (最后), I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all. After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices. 1. What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore? A. His dream of being an inventor. B. The support of his wife. C. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet. D. Millions of exciting titles. 2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?. A. The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him. B. He would be very excited if he tried it out. C. He would be always having a doubt if he didn’t try. D. The decision to not try the online bookstore would terrify him. 3. We can know from the passage that _______. A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the author B. the author wanted someone else to try the idea C. the author might not regret if he failed the idea D. the author might go back to his boss if he failed 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Cleverness and Kindness B. The Starting of Amazon C. Following My Passion D. We Are What We Choose 参考答案1—4 CACD B Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners. One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚). Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study. They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels. The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine. The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland. They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running. Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel. Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings. But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured. The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot. B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels. C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners. D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases. 6. Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes? A. Toes. B. Hips. C. Feet. D. Legs. 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel. B. We should start running barefoot in no time. C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels. D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot. 8. What is the writer’s attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes? A. Persuasive. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Supportive. 参考答案5—8 DBAC C Christmas, Easter and birthday parties can be difficult times for grandmothers and parents as they rush around trying to arrange the perfect celebration or making everyone as happy as possible! What’s better than a birthday party that makes your grandchild smile throughout or a celebration that impresses relatives and close friends? That is why Granny Look has supplied in this section, one of the most comprehensive guides to making these special occasions that happen perhaps once a year a real success. From a selection of Advent calendars to party planning or Christmas-stocking fillers we have all the possibilities covered so that your children and grandchildren will really have a memorable time with attractive gifts and original ideas. Bring that festive spirit to all those traditional days, and ensure you are always ready for any possibility. Granny Look’s extensive links are bound to make every special occasion an entirely different experience from the year before and allow everyone to feel entertained and content. CHRISTMAS-STOCKING FILLERS Look no further! Granny Look helps the family to prepare in time for FATHER CHRISTMAS. Give SANTACLAUS some ideas. He can fill all the children’s Christmas-stockings with goodies! Unique Christmas gifts for children –– stocking fillers. A Granny Look favorite! ADVENT CALENDARS All children love the build-up to CHRISTMAS! What is better than choosing one of Granny Look’s selection of Advent Calendars! Here you will find a list of websites to buy traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at Christmas time. A Granny Look favorite! BIRTHDAYS LOOKING for a SPECIAL BIRTHDAY GIFT? Explore Granny Look’s selection of PRESENTS, PARTYPLANNING, PARTY TOYS and PARTY GAMES for your Children and Grandchildren’s BIRTHDAYS. Plan and organize the KIDDIE’S PARTIES ahead of time!! Don’t forget the PERSONALISED INVITATIONS! CHRISTMAS LOOK and BOOK now!! Granny Look’s selection of CHRISTMAS GIFTS for children. Some guides to “What’s on in your area”… for the kids, PANTOS, SHOWS, THEATRES… at Christmas time! UNIQUE Christmas gifts for Children. Spend QUALITY TIME with your Children’s Children this FESTIVE SEASON (圣诞节期间)! 9. If you want to send some invitations to your daughter’s classmates, where will you search for the information? A. At Christmas. B. At Birthdays. C. At Advent Calendars. D. At Christmas–stocking fillers. 10. According to the passage, we can infer _______. A. you can only get special ideas for Christmas, Easter and birthday parties B. in Granny Look you can buy many traditional or fun Advent calendars for children at Christmas time C. there is no personalized invitation in Granny Look for you to select D. Granny Look provides a wide range of links for people to prepare for special occasions 11. From the text, we know that “Granny Look” is ______. A. a website that helps you to prepare for special occasions B. a company that sells all sorts of products on the Internet C. a person who guides you to make your yearly celebration a real success D. a magazine that helps the family to prepare for special occasions 参考答案9—11 BDA D I prefer Lynne Truss’s phraseology: I am a grammar “sticker”. And, like Truss – author of Eats, shoots & Leaves – I have a “zero tolerance” approach to grammar mistakes that make people look stupid. Now, Truss and I disagree on what it means to have “zero tolerance”. She thinks that people who mix up basic grammar “deserve to be struck by lightning, hacked (砍) up on the spot and buried in an unmarked grave”, while I just think they deserve to be passed over for a job – even if they are otherwise qualified for the position. Everyone who applies for a position at either of my companies, iFixit or Dozuki, takes a compulsory grammar test. If job hopefuls can’t distinguish between “to” and “too”, their applications go into the bin. Of course, we write for a living. iFixit.com is the world’s largest online repair manual (指南), and Dozuki helps companies write their own technical documentation, like paperless work instructions and step-by-step user manuals. So, it makes sense that we’ve made a strong strike against grammar errors. But grammar is relevant for all companies. Yes, language is constantly changing, but that doesn’t make grammar unimportant. Good grammar is credibility, especially on the Internet. And, for better or worse, people judge you if you can’t tell the difference between “their” “there” and “they’re”. Good grammar makes good business sense – and not just when it comes to hiring writers. Writing isn’t in the official job description of most people in our office. Still, we give our grammar test to everybody, including our salespeople, our operations staff, and our programmers. Grammar signifies more than just a person’s ability to remember high school English. I’ve found that people who make fewer mistakes on a grammar test also make fewer mistakes when they are doing something completely unrelated to writing – like stocking shelves or labeling parts. It is the same with programmers. Applicants who don’t think writing is important are likely to think lots of other things also aren’t important. 12. The author agrees with Lynne Truss in that ________. A. grammar mistakes can’t be tolerated B. books on grammar make people stupid C. people need to learn basic grammar D. grammar mistakes are absolutely unavoidable 13. What’s the author’s “zero tolerance” approach to these job seekers who mix up basic grammar? A. They should be left out for a job. B. They have to correct their mistakes. C. They aren’t qualified for their jobs. D. They must be severely punished. 14. Which of the following is TRUE of iFixit and Dozuki? A. Only one of them has a compulsory grammar test. B. They are companies where one learns grammar. C. Grammar is quite important for their existence. D. They depend on grammar correction for a living. 15. What can we learn from the text? A. Companies giving grammar tests may have no good business sense. B. Grammar becomes unimportant as language is constantly changing. C. A “zero tolerance” approach to grammar errors might seem a little unfair. D. People who pay attention to writing may pay attention to other things. 参考答案12—15 AACD