a rose for emily献给爱丽丝的玫瑰最完整的英语（课堂PPT）

ThePlotsTheThemesTheBackgroundTheAuthorTechniquesWilliamCuthbertFaulkner（1987---1962）AuthorWilliamFaulkner(1897-1962),America’smostinnovativenovelists,BorninNewAlbany,on1897.09.25HelivedmostofhislifeinOxford.BriefintroductionBriefintroductionAttemptedtoenlistassoonastheUnitedStatesdeclaredwarin1917VolunteerintheCanadianAirforceStudentoftheUniversityofMississippionhisreturntoOxfordafterthewarFaulknerbelongedtoaonce-wealthyfamilyofformerplantationowners.Bothparentscamefromwealthyfamiliesreducedtogenteel(上流社会的)povertybytheCivilWar.BecauseFaulknercamefromafamilywithanaristocratic（贵族的）bearing（举止风度）andassociatedwithothersimilarfamilies,hewasfamiliarwiththearrogance（傲慢）ofcharactersliketheGriersons.Someofthesepeoplecontinuedtobehaveasiftheywerestillprivilegedplantationownersalthoughtheirwealthwasgone.However,Faulknerspentmuchofhistimeobservingordinarytownspeopleaswell,andthisiswhyhewasabletocapturethevoiceofthecommonpeopleofJeffersoninthecharacterofthenarrator.HewontwoPulitzerPrizes,aNationalBookAward,andtheNobelPrizeforLiterature.HisNobelPrizeAcceptancespeechistodayconsideredoneofthefinestevermade:“Theproblemsofthehumanheartinconflictwithitself…alonecanmakegoodwritingbecauseonlythatisworthwritingabout,worththeagonyandthesweat.”FaulknerdiedonJuly6,1962,thesamedayhisgreat-grandfather,theOldColonel,hadbeenbornon137yearsearlier.TheSoundandtheFury(1929),《喧嚣与骚动》AsILayDying(1930),《我弥留之际》LightinAugust(1932),《八月之光》Absalom,Absalom!(1936).《押沙龙，押沙龙》Hisfirstshortstorycollection,These13(1931),includes"ARoseforEmily","RedLeaves","ThatEveningSun",and"DrySeptember".MajorWorksThreenovels,TheHamlet,TheTownandTheMansion,knowncollectivelyastheSnopesTrilogyAFable(1954)Pulitzer,NationalBookAwardsin1955TheReivers《掠夺者》(1962)Pulitzerin1963.MajorWorksTHANKYOU!name:宋佳TheBackground"ARoseforEmily"isashortstorybyAmericanauthorWilliamFaulknerfirstpublishedintheApril30,1931issueofForum.ThisstorytakesplaceinFaulkner'sfictionalcity,Jefferson,Mississippi,inthefictionalcountyofYoknapatawphaCounty.ItwasFaulkner'sfirstshortstorypublishedinanationalmagazine.WilliamFaulkner'smapofYoknapatawphaCountyCharacterListEmilyGrierson-Theobjectoffascinationinthestory.Aneccentricrecluse,Emilyisamysteriousfigurewhochangesfromavibrantandhopefulyounggirltoacloisteredandsecretiveoldwoman.Devastatedandaloneafterherfather’sdeath,sheisanobjectofpityforthetownspeople.Afteralifeofhavingpotentialsuitorsrejectedbyherfather,shespendstimeafterhisdeathwithanewcomer,HomerBarron,althoughthechancesofhismarryingherdecreaseastheyearspass.Bloatedandpallidinherlateryears,herhairturnssteelgray.SheultimatelypoisonsHomerandsealshiscorpseintoanupstairsroom.HomerBarron-AforemanfromtheNorth.Homerisalargemanwithadarkcomplexion,aboomingvoice,andlight-coloredeyes.Agruffanddemandingboss,hewinsmanyadmirersinJeffersonbecauseofhisgregariousnatureandgoodsenseofhumor.HedevelopsaninterestinEmilyandtakesherforSundaydrivesinayellow-wheeledbuggy.Despitehisattributes,thetownspeopleviewhimasapoor,ifnotscandalous,choiceforamate.HedisappearsinEmily'shouseanddecomposesinanatticbedroomaftershepoisonshim.CharacterListJudgeStevens-AmayorofJefferson.Eightyyearsold,JudgeStevensattemptstodelicatelyhandlethecomplaintsaboutthesmellemanatingfromtheGriersonproperty.ToberespectfulofEmily’sprideandformerpositioninthecommunity,heandthealdermendecidetosprinklelimeonthepropertyinthemiddleofthenight.Mr.Grierson-Emily'sfather.Mr.Griersonisacontrolling,loomingpresenceevenindeath,andthecommunityclearlyseeshislastinginfluenceoverEmily.HedeliberatelythwartsEmily'sattemptstofindahusbandinordertokeepherunderhiscontrol.Wegetglimpsesofhiminthestory:inthecrayonportraitkeptonthegilt-edgedeaselintheparlor.CharacterListTobe-TheBlackAfricanAmerican.Emily'sservant.Tobe,hisvoicesupposedlyrustyfromlackofuse,istheonlylifelineEmilyhastotheoutsideworldandhecaresforherandtendstoherneeds.Afterherdeath,hewalksoutthebackdoorandneverreturns.ColonelSartoris-AformermayorofJefferson.ColonelSartorisabsolvesEmilyofanytaxburdenafterthedeathofherfather.CharacterList1855:MissEmilyisborntotherichestfamilyofslave-ownersintown.1861-1865:theAmericanCivilWar,ConfederatetroopsfromherecommandedbyCol.Sartoris.1870:Mr.Grierson,MissEmily'sFather,hasthefamilyhousebuiltinGothicrevivalstyle1886:Mr.Griersondies;MissEmily'sinheritanceisonlythehouse;sheisover30.1887:HomerBarron,Northernconstructionforeman,arrives;heandMissEmilystartcourting.1888:HomerBarronisseennomore;thesmellinthehouseis1919:YoungColoneldies.1927-1928:ThetaxdelegationvisitsMissEmily.1929-1930:MissEmilydiesattheageof74.TIMETHANKYOU!name:ARoseforEmily---WilliamFaulknerTheanalysisofthetitleThethemeofthestoryEmily’scharacterSymbolizationintextThetitleanalysis(ARoseforEmily)Aroseisasymbolofloveandapledgeoffaithfulness.Literally,fromthearrangementofthetext,wecanhardlyseetheword“rose”fromthebeginningtotheendofthetext,whichcanbeinterpretedasthisactualloveforEmliyhardlyexistsinthewholestory.Actually,theauthorplaysatrickonMissEmily.Infact,shedoesn’treallygetanylovefromanymanwhetheritisfromherloverorherfather.Emilycouldhaveafavorablemarriagebutforherfather’sinterference.ShecouldhavegotherdeservedlovefromHomer.Butonaccountofherobstinacyandpride,shereceivestirednessandindifference,insteadofaffection---rose,fromhim.ShethinksthatshecanstaywithHomerforeverbypoisoninghimtodeathandpossessinghisbody,butitisjustDeathbutnotloveshepossesses.Fromthestory,wecanseeMissEmilywasdeniedlove,so,inthissense,thetitlehasanironicmeaning.Thetitleanalysis(ARoseforEmily)PartVmentionssomethingabout“rose”,buttheyarejust“curtainsoffadedrosecolor”and“rose-shadedlights”,whichsimplycanbeseenassomesortofshadowandillusionofrose,justastheloveEmliypursues.Aroseisafuneralflower,andthewholestoryisFaulkner’stributetoEmily,andalsototheOldSouth,ofwhichMissEmilyisthesymbol.ThethematicanalysisThreeLevelsOnthesuper-faciallevelOnthesymboliclevelOnthedeeperlevelItisamurderstorywithelementsofGothicliteratureThestorycanbereadasaconflictbetweentheSouthandNorthwithEmilyrepresentingtheSouthandHomerrepresentingtheNorth.TheSouthtakesrevengeontheNorth.Thestoryexplorestheinnerworldofhumanbeingortheinnerstruggleinthehumanheart.MissEmily:aroundbutstaticcharacterAroundcharacter:astheadvocatoraswellasthevictimofAmericanSoutherntradition;asanescapistofsocialreality;andapursuerofahappylife.Astaticcharacter:sherejectsallthechanges.Shecouldhaveabetterlifeafterherfather’sdeath.However,shedoesn’tgetoutofthetowerherfatherbuiltforher.Onthecontrary,shebuildsanotherone,andlockshersoul.Symbol:Emily’sHouseThewholestoryissetinEmily’shouse.Herhouseisdepictedasoldbutgrand.Seenfromtheoutside,thehouseisreallyoutdatedjustastheSouth’soldvaluesareoutofplaceinachangingsociety.Itisnotinaccordwithotherresidentialbuildings—it’sreallyaneyesore.ThehouseperfectlymirrorsEmily’sisolationfromtheoutsideworld.Fromtheinnerdecorationofherhouse,everythingiscoveredwithdustandtheairishumid.ThewholeroomspeaksthelifeEmilygoesthrough.Emily’shouse,likeEmilyherself,isamonument,theonlyremainingsymbolofadyingworldofSouthernaristocracy.Symbol:Emily’sHouseTHANKYOU!name:ThemesIsolationMemoryandthePastVisionsofAmericaVersionsofRealityCompassionandForgivenessIsolation"ARoseforEmily"isastoryabouttheextremesofisolation–byphysicalandemotional.QuotesaboutIsolationfromthetext-------------------------------------------------------------------------------"thewomenmostlyoutofcuriositytoseetheinsideofherhouse,whichnoonesaveanoldmanservant--acombinedgardenerandcook--hadseeninatleasttenyears."ThisfuneralmomentatthebeginningofthestorysetsupthedivisionsthatexistbetweenEmilyandthetown.ThissetstheframeworkforEmily'sisolationinlifebytalkingaboutherfuneral."Afterherfather'sdeathshewentoutverylittle;afterhersweet-heartwentaway,peoplehardlysawheratall."Herewehavetwomoremajoraspectsoftheisolation.Herfatherisolatedherfrommen,andthenthewholeHomerBarronthingpermanentlyisolatedherformeverybody(exceptTobe),whichseemstobewhatherfatherintended.ThenarratortellsustwicethatMissEmilyissimilartoanidol,suggestingthatshewasraisedtothinksheisaboveothersahdsheispermanentlycutofffromotherpeople.MemoryandthePast"ARoseforEmily."Spanningapproximately74years,thisshortstoryspinsbackwardsandforwardsintimelikememory,andshowsasoutherntowntornbetweenthepresentandthepast.Post-CivilWarandPre-CivilRights,"ARoseforEmily"showsusanAmericanSouthinlimbo,tryingdesperately,witheachgeneration,tofindabetterway,awaywhichhonorsthegoodofthepast,whilecomingtotermswithitsevils."Alive,MissEmilyhadbeenatradition,aduty,andacare;asortofhereditaryobligationuponthetowndatingfromthatdayin1894....."Emilyisdescribedhereasanobject,athingpassedonfromgenerationtogeneration."anoteonpaperofanarchaicshape,inathin,flowingcalligraphyinfadedink,totheeffectthatshenolongerwentoutatall."Fromherhandwriting,toherstationery,toherwayofdealingwiththetown,MissEmilyislivinginthepast.But,it'snotherpast.SotheremustbeaconfrontitionbetweenMissEmily(conservitive)andtaxcolectioner(moderner)"aneyesoreamongeyesores."一切"时过境迁"的东西都让人看不惯,无论是新的东西还是旧的东西.thisphrasealsoshowstheconfrontitionbetweenthenewideasandoldideasfromthedescriptionoftheEmily'shouse."shetoldthemthatherfatherwasnotdead."Afterall,hewasallshehad.Thetowncouldn'tfaulther,either.VisionsofAmericaThesecondparagraphofthefirstsectionof"ARoseforEmily"givesusallthecluesweneedtofindoutwhatthestoryissayingaboutAmerica.ThestoryshowshowdifficultitwasforsouthernpeopletodealwiththenewAmericarepresentedbytheEmancipationProclamation.VersionsofRealityWhatweconfrontistherealityofAmericainthestory,andtherealityofthemaincharacter'scompleteisolation.ThisstoryshowshowmuchthingshavechangedsinceMissEmily'stime,howdifferentourrealityisfromthatofthecharactersinthestory.CompassionandForgiveness"CompassionandForgiveness"isanothermajorthemethatwecanfindinalmostanyFaulknerstory.Thestorycanseemdownrightcruel,thecharacterswhollyunsympathetic,andtheplotgross.Whenwebegintoseethemagnitudeofthetragedy,anditsimpactonmultiplegenerations,weunderstandthestoryisacallforunderstanding.Thestoryseemstoarguethatforgiveness,compassion,andunderstandingcanonlycomebyfacingthefactsofthepastandthepresent,whicharetangleduptogetherinantightknot.Faulknerisbothmercilesslysubtle,andpainfullybluntinthisstory,butwecanfeelthespiritofcompassionrushingthrough.ByshowingusthatEmilyisinsane,Faulknergivesusspacetofeelcompassionforher,andtoforgiveherforhercrime."ColonelSartorisinventedaninvolvedtaletotheeffectthatMissEmily'sfatherhadloanedmoneytothetown,whichthetown,asamatterofbusiness,preferredthiswayofrepaying."ThenewergenerationmightrevokethisdealbecauseitrepresentsthekindofprivilegingthatleadtoEmily'seventualdecline.Maybenotremittinghertaxeswouldhavepushedhertowardsbeinganordinarymemberinthecommunity."werememberedalltheyoungmenherfatherhaddrivenaway,andweknewthatwithnothingleft,shewouldhavetoclingtothatwhichhadrobbedher,aspeoplewill."Thiscontributestothereader'scompassionforEmily,andperhapsrepresentsagenuinemomentofcompassiononthepartofthetown.ThisselectionalsoindicatedtheconservativethoughtsofherfatherwhicharemainreasonforthetragedyofMissEmily-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------THANKYOU!name:TechniquesStreamofconsciousnessAuthorialtranscendence(disappearanceofanauthorinatext:authorialintrusionshouldbereducedtothelowestminimum)Mythic/biblicalstructuresScrambled（杂乱的）chronologyLanguageandstyleHislanguageisrichinsymbolsandimagesandheavilytaintedwithbiblicalandclassicalallusions.Hehasalargecapacityofdictionwithrichnounsandabundantadjectives;hissentencesareusuallycomplicatedwithparallelstructures.Moreover,heisknownforhisinteriormonologues,hisfragmentarytimeandjuxtapositionofthepastandpresent.Healsobringsthestream-of-consciousnesstechniqueandmultiplepointsofviewintotheirfullplay.PointofViewoftheStory“ARoseforEmily”isasuccessfulstorynotonlybecauseofitsintricately（错综复杂地）complexchronology（时间顺序）,butalsobecauseofitsuniquenarrativepointofview.Thestoryistoldbyanunnamednarratorinthefirstpersoncollective.Byusingthe“we”narrator,Faulknercreatesasenseofclosenessbetweenreadersandhisstory."we"unquestionablyspeaksforthecommunityorthetownpeopleingeneral,inthiswayallthatEmilydoesisobserved,surmisedandreactedtobythecommunity.FaulkneradoptsthisnarrativetechniqueinordertoshowthatthetragicstoryofMissEmilyiswellknownintownandthat,forallhereccentricities,Emilyisnotanisolatedfreakwithnorelationtohumanbeingingeneralorhercommunityinparticular;sheisratherlinkedtothecommunityandformspartofit.Fromthevoiceof"we",thereadergetstoknowvarioussub-groupsandgenerationswithinthecommunitywhoreacttothesmelldifferentlywiththepassingofthetime.Faulkner’sintentionofusing“we”ToshowthatthetragicstoryofMissEmilyiswellknownintownForallhereccentricities,Emilyisnotanisolatedfreakwithnorelationtohumanbeingingeneralorhercommunityinparticular,sheisratherlinkedtothecommunityandformspartofit.Fromthevoiceof"we",thereadergetstoknowvarioussub-groupsandgenerationswithinthecommunitywhoreacttothesmelldifferentlywiththepassingofthetime.Comment“ARoseforEmily”isaclassicstorywhichisessentiallyananalysisoftheunderlyingcauseforthefailureanddecayofthesouthbeforetheCivilWar.ThroughthelifeofEmily,theauthorrevealsthefateofthearistocracyandthenewchangesinthesouthofAmericaaftertheCivilWar.Faulknerpenetratesdeeplyintothepsychologicalmotivationsforman’sactions.WeprofoundlysensehisinnerconflictandhiscombinedfeelingofloveandhatredfortheSouth.ARoseForEmily--TheZombiesThesummerishereatlastTheskyisovercastAndnoonebringsaroseforEmilyShewatchesherflowersgrowWhileloverscomeandgoTogiveeachotherrosesfromhertreeButnotaroseforEmily...Emily,can'tyousee(howthesunisshiningagain)There'snothingyoucando?There'slovingeverywhereButnoneforyou...HerrosesarefadingnowShekeepsherpridesomehowThat'sallshehasprotectingherfrompainAndastheyearsgobyShewillgrowoldanddieTherosesinhergardenfadeawayNotoneleftforhergraveNotaroseforEmily...THANKYOU!name:沈聪