被动语态（课堂PPT）

被动语态PassiveVoice被动语态passivevoice被打的豆豆遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。Doudouisalwaysbeatenbysomeone.昨天晚上，夜黑风高，它又被打了。Doudouwasbeatenyesterdayevening.明天，豆豆还会面临N顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。Tomorrow,Doudouwillbebeatenseveraltimes.可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeatenformanyyears.我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打。Ourdeardoudouisbeingbeatennow.随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeatenanytime.语态　　主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者、发出者　被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者　　Cats　eat　fish.　（主动语态）猫吃鱼。　Fishiseatenbycats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。被动语态构成:be+done（及物动词的过去分词）（be动词有人称、数和时态的变化）时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时am/is/arebeing+done过去进行时was/werebeing+done现在完成时have/hasbeen+done过去完成时hadbeen+done一般将来时willbe+done过去将来时wouldbe+done情态动词情态动词+be+done各种时态的被动语态（时态体现在be的变化上）am/is/are+donewas/were+done1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主谓宾Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.主谓宾一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are+过去分词Children___inChina.A.istakengoodcareB.havetakengoodcareC.aretakengoodcareofD.musttakecareof真题演练1.TheOlympicGameseveryfouryears.A.areheldB．wereheldC.areholdingD．willhold2.TodayChinese__________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak2.Theyboughttencomputerslastyear．主谓宾Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastyear.主谓宾一般过去时被动结构：was/were+过去分词Thebridge__bythepeasantsthemselvesin1980.AwasbuiltChasbeenbuiltBwillbebuiltDbuilt真题演练2.TodayChinese__________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak3.Theroad_______lastyear.A.buildsB.builtC.wasbuiltD.isbuilt4.ThedoctorlookedoverPetercarefullyafterhe_____tothehospital.A.takesB.istakenC.tookD.wastaken7.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.主谓宾一般将来时被动结构：will+be+过去分词主谓宾___thetrees___intheparknextSaturday?AWill…beplantedBWillbe…plantedCWill…plantDWill…planted真题演练5.Anewsupermarket________herenextyear.A．willbuildB．buildC．wasbuiltD．willbebuilt6.—Whencanwegettheexamresults?—They________toyounextMonday.A．willbesentB．aresendingC．willsendD．aresent5.Wehavemadetwentykeys．主谓宾Twentykeyshavebeenmadebyus.主谓宾现在完成时被动结构：have/has+been+过去分词Greatchanges_______place.Manynewschools_______.A.havetaken;havebeenopenedB.take;areopenC.aretaken;openD.havebeentaken;areopened3.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．主谓宾Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.主谓宾现在进行时被动结构：am/is/are+being+过去分词Wecan’tusethebridgenow,becauseit__________.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepaired9.TomcantakegoodcareofTina．主谓宾TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyTom.主谓宾情态动词变被动：情态动词+be+过去分词Yourexercisebooks___afterclass.AWillhandinBmusthandinChandedinDmustbehandedin真题演练7.Themusicisveryloudanditcan_______fromalongwayaway.A.beheardB.isheardC.hearD.heard8.Nofood_____inmyclass.Thisisarule.A.caneatB.eatsC.iseatenD.canbeeatenShewasinterviewingthefamousman主谓宾atthistimeyesterday.Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher主谓宾atthistimeyesterday.过去进行时被动结构：was/were+being+过去分词Wehadseenthisfilmbeforeyoucamehere.主谓宾Thisfilmhadbeenseenbyusbeforeyoucamehere.主谓宾过去完成时被动结构：had+been+过去分词Theworkerswouldbuildanewschoolintwoweeks.主谓宾Anewschoolwouldbebuiltbytheworkersintwoweeks.主谓宾过去将来时被动构成：would+be+过去分词1.—IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.—Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen2.TodayChinese________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.wasspoken  B.isspoken C.spoke D.speak真题演练3.—Yourhometownhaschangedalot． —Yes.Havealookatthesetallbuildings.They______lastyear．   A.build B．built  C.wasbuilt D．werebuilt4.—Whyistheclassroomsodirty?—Sorry,sir.It_______yesterday．Weforgottodoit．A.don’tclean B.didn’tclean C.weren’tcleanedD.wasn’tcleaned真题演练被动语态的用法1.不知道动作的执行者是谁,或没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。Thewindowwasbrokenyesterday.窗户昨天被打破了。--Haveyouheardaboutthatfireinthemarkrt?--Yes,fortunatelyononewashurt.—你听说市场里发生的火灾吗？—听说了，幸运的是，没有人受伤。被动语态的用法2.强调或突出动作的承受者,此时动作的执行者,可用“by+动作执行者(宾格)来表示。Thereddresswasmadebyhermother.这条红色裙子是她妈妈做的。Newzealandwineisofhighqualityandiasoldallovertheworld.新西兰的葡萄酒的品质很高，广销全世界。3.It+be+过去分词+that从句表示：据说/据报道/据推测等……Itissaidthat...据说……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itissupposedthat据推测……Itiswellknownthat...众所周知……ItwasreportedthathediedofSARS.据报道，他死于SARS。4.用在科技文献中。Carsofthiskindweremadeinthe1980s.这种小汽车是19世纪80年代制造的。被动语态的用法5.汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：WeiHuaisaskedtocomebyLinTao．魏华是被林涛叫来的。被动语态的用法1.Iopenthedoor.Thedoorisopenedbyme.2.Hehelpshomelesspeople.Homelesspeoplearehelpedbyhim.3.Ihandedoutsomepapersjustnow.Somepaperswerehandedoutbymejustnow.主动语态:主语是动作的执行者。被动语态:主语是动作的承受者。被动语态结构为：(主动语态)(主动语态)(主动语态)(被动语态)(被动语态)(被动语态)be+过去分词将下列句子变为被动语态。1.Moremoneywhenweusedbothsidesofpaper.willsaveB.wassaveC.hassavedD.willbesaved2.Thelakesmellsterriblebecauseitswater.ispollutedB.ispollutingC.hadpollutedD.waspolluted3.PeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitwidelyintheworld.is;usingB.can;useC.is;usedD.dose;use4.Intheolddaystheyinthefactoryfrommorningtoevening.weremadetoworkB.askedtoworkmadetoworkD.wereaskedforwork5.--Doyoulikereadingbooks?--Yes.Eachofustodomorereadinginandafterclass.AreencouragedB.encourageC.isencouragedD.isencouraging主动”表“被动”常见的情况2.有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，表示主语的某种属性特征或功能。如：wash，sell，read，write，open，close，clean，等。Thispenwriteswell.Theshirtwasheswell.Thisnewbooksellswell.1.一些感官系动词，如：look,feel,sound,taste,smell等常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：Theredappletastesdelicious.Hervoicesoundsbeautiful.3.有些非谓语动词以主动形式出现，表示被动意义。常见的有：①want,need（需要）,require（需要）,deserve（值得）,beworth（值得）等后面，以V-ing形式主动表被动。如：needdoingsth=needtobedoneTheroomneeds/requirescleaning.=Theroomneeds/requirestobecleaned.练习：我的自行车需要修理一下。Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.②betoblame(责备),betoseek（寻找）,betolet（出租）等。Iamtoblame.Thehouseistolet.③be+easy/difficult/hard/heavy/light/dangerous/pleasant/comfortable/interesting/expensive…+todoThequestioniseasytoanswer.4.有些动词，如cook,bake,print,do等，常用主动结构进行时表被动意义。Thebookisprinting.这本书在印刷中。5.某些介词短语，如underdiscussion（讨论中）underconsideration（考虑之中）,ondisplay（展出）,onsale（出售），等。Therearemanykindsofpostcardsareonsale.有很多种明信片在出售。没有被动语态的动词和词组(1)1、有些及物动词或及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。（have有,cost花费,own拥有,suit适合,hold抓住,fit适合,belongto属于,agreewith同意,takepartin加入,wish希望等）①TheMP3costs500yuan.这个MP3花了500元。②ThisdictionarybelongstoMike.这本字典时Mike的。五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(2)2、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表示被动意义。（happen/takeplace发生,remain剩下,breakout爆发,last持续,comeout出版,runout用完等）①Threequestionscameupatthemeeting.在这次会议上（我们）提出了三个问题。②Hismoneyisrunningout.他的钱快用完了。1.Booksofthiskind______well.A.sellB.sellsC.aresoldD.issold解析：这种书很好卖，是说明主语内在的性能与特点，所以应用主动形式表示被动含义；而句子的主语是books，谓语动词应用复数形式。故答案选A。2.Asaresultoftheseriousflood，two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_____.A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair解析：当句子的主语buildings是动作承受者时，need后接V-ing形式或者后接不定式的被动式，故答案选A。3.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust__dirtythingintoit.AbestoppedtothrowBbestoppedfromthrowingCstoptothrowDstopfromthrowing4.Thisbook__often__fromthelibrary.Aaren’t，takeawayBtaken，awayCisn’t，takenawayDbe，takenaway5.He_________(tell)toreturnhisbookstothelibraryyesterday.wastold6.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.Trees__________bypeopletherelastyear.7.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.Thevegetables_____________onthefarmTwereplantedaregrownThanks!