2013年职称英语综合类ABC级历年真题

2013年职称英语综合类ABC级历年真题 2013年全国职称英语等级考试真题 (注:B级和C级在下面) 综合类(A级) 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 第1部分:词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems. A. send B. hear C. confirm D. spread 2. Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title. A. compete B. argue C. claim D. wish 3. The drinking water has become contaminated with lead. A. treated B. polluted C. tested D. corrupted 4. Many experts remain skeptical about his claims. A. doubtful B. untouched C. certain D. silent 5. Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law. A. fundamental B. moral C. regular D. hard 6. They didn?t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem. A. existence B. importance C. cause D. situation 7. She shed a few tears at her daughter?s wedding. A. wiped B. produced C. injected D. removed 8. The contract between the two companies will expire soon. A. shorten B. end C. start D. resume 9. The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error. A. general B. complex C. inflexible D. direct 10. The tower remains intact even after two hundred years. A. undamaged B. unknown C. unusual D. unstable 11. The methods of communication used during the war were primitive. A. reliable B. effective C. alternative D. simple 12. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town. A. naked B. cautious C. blind D. private 13. The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members. A. rejected B. submitted C. approved D. considered 14. Come out, or I?ll bust the door down. A. shut B. break C. set D. beat 15. This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. A. turned dead B. passed by C. carried away D. become extinct 第2部分:阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) Mau Piailug, Ocean Navigator Mau sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti using traditional methods In early 1976, a fisherman, led an expedition in which he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti. The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organized the expedition. Its purpose was to find out if seafarers (海员)in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational instruments, or whether the islands had been populated by accident. At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by observing the stars, the wind and the sea. He had never before sailed to Tahiti, which was a long way to the south. However, he understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands, so he was confident he could find his way. The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it His grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he was still a baby. He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different places. Later, Mau used a circle of stones to memorize the positions of the stars. Each stone was laid out in the sand to represent a star. The voyage proved that Hawaii's first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars. Mau himself became a keen teacher, passing on his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be lost. He explained the position of the stars to his students, but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done. 16. At the time of his voyage, Mau had unique navigational skills. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. Mau was familiar with the sea around Tahiti. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. Mau could not afford a compass or charts. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Mau learnt navigation skills from his grandfather. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. Mau used stones to memories where the stars were situated in the sky. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 21. The first inhabitants of Hawaii could read and write. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 22. Mau expected his students to remember the positions of the stars immediately. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题;(2) 第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 Traffic Jams — No End in Sight 1. Traffic congestion affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters to spend an average of a full work week each year sitting in traffic, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy. 2. The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centers thanks to congestion pricing. 3. Another way to reduce rush hour traffic is for employers to implement flexitime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether. 4. Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them. 5. Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges. A. A global problem 23. Paragraph 1 B. Closing city centres to traffic 24. Paragraph 2 C. Paying to get in 25. Paragraph 3 D. Not doing enough 26. Paragraph 4 E. Changing work practice F. A solution which is no solution 27. Most American drivers think it convenient to________. 28. If charged high enough, some drivers may________to enter certain parts of town. 29. Building more roads is not an effective way to________ . 30. The U.S. government has planned to________updating public transport systems. A. encourage more private cars B. travel regularly C. reduce traffic jams D. go by bus E. drive around F. spend more money 第4部分:阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇On the Trail of the Honey Badgers On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers (獾). The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers? movements and behaviour as discreetly (谨慎地) as possible, without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them. In view of the animal?s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do. “The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,” he says. “that, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won?t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They?re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious (凶 恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.” The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal?s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey (猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fat that female badgers never socialized with each other. Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species. As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal?s curiosity — or their sudden aggression. The badgers? eating patterns, which had been disrupted, returned to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seems to adopt the badgers? relaxed attitude when near humans. 31. Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert? A. To observe how honey badgers behave. B. To find where honey badgers live. C. To catch some honey badgers for food. D. To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation. 32. What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers? A. They are always looking for food. B. They do not enjoy human company. C. They show interest in things they are not familiar with. D. It is common for them to attack people. 33. What did the team find out about honey badgers? A. There were some creatures they did not eat. B. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit. C. They were afraid of poisonous creatures. D. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers. 34. Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers? A. They hunt over a very large area. B. They don?t run very quickly. C. They defend their territory from other badgers. D. They are more aggressive than females 35. What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them? A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures. B. They started eating more. C. They lost interest in people. D. Other animals started working with them. 第二篇Making a Loss is the Height of Fashion Given that a good year in the haute couture business is one where you lose even more money than usual, the prevailing mood in Paris last week was of recession-busting buoyancy. The big-name designers were falling over themselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price, and how this proved that the fashion business was healthier than ever. Jean-Paul Gaultier reported record sales, "but we don't make any money out of it," the designer assured journalists backstage. "No matter how successful you are, you can't make a profit from couture," explained Jean-Jacques Picart, a veteran fashion PR man, and co-founder of the now-bankrupt Lacroix house. Almost 20 years have passed since the Alice in Wonderland economics of the couture business were first exposed. Outraged that he was losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds, the couturier Jean-Louis Scherrer — to howls of "trahison" from his colleagues - published a detailed summary of his costs. One outfit he described contained over half a mile of gold thread, 18,000 sequins, and had required hundreds of hours of hand-stitching in an atelier. A fair price would have been ?50,000, but the couturier could only get ?35,000 for it. Rather than riding high on the follies of the super-rich, he and his team could barely feed their hungry families. The result was an outcry and the first of a series of government - and industry-sponsored inquiries into the surreal world of ultimate fashion. The trade continues to insist that - relatively speaking - couture offers you more than you pay for, but it's not as simple as that. When such a temple of old wealth starts talking about value for money, it isn't to convince anyone that dresses costing as much as houses are a bargain. Rather, it is to preserve the peculiar mystique, lucrative associations and threatened interests that couture represents. Essentially, the arguments couldn't be simpler. On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesn't change. On the other are those who say it will die if it does. What's not in doubt is that haute couture - the term translates as "high sewing" - is a spectacular anachronism. Colossal in its costs, tiny in its clientele and questionable in its influence, it still remains one of the great themes of Parisian life. In his book, The Fashion Conspiracy, Nicholas Coleridge estimates that the entire couture industry rests on the whims of less than 30 immensely wealthy women, and although the number may have grown in recent years with the new prosperity of Asia, the number of couture customers worldwide is no more than 4,000. To qualify as couture, a garment must be entirely hand-made by one of the 11 Paris couture houses registered to the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture. Each house must employ at least 20 people, and show a minimum of 75 new designs a year. So far, so stirringly traditional, but the Big Four operators - Chanel, Dior, Givenchy and Gaultier — increasingly use couture as a marketing device for their far more profitable ready-to-wear, fragrance and accessory lines. 36. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A. The haute couture business is expanding quickly. B. The haute couture designers claim losses in their sales. C. The haute couture designers make much profit in their sales. D. The haute couture businessmen are happy with their profit. 37. According to the second paragraph, Jean-Louis Scherrer A. was very angry as he was losing money. B. was in a worse financial position than other couturier. C. was one of the best known couturiers. D. stopped producing haute couture dresses. 38. The writer says that the outfit Jean-Louis Scherrer described A. was worth the price that was paid for it. B. cost more to make than it should have. C. was never sold to anyone. D. should have cost the customer more than it did. 39. The writer says in paragraph 4 that there is disagreement over A. the history of haute couture. B. the real costs of haute couture. C. the future of haute couture. D. the changes that need to be made in haute couture. 40. What is the writer?s tone towards haute couture business? A. Quite supportive. B. Fairly friendly. C. Rather indifferent. D. Somewhat ironical. 第三篇Why So Many Children In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Women in these countries have a high birth rate — from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman. The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care for their families. Why do they have many so children? Why don't they limit the size of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. There are several reasons for this. One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War II, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the world's lowest. However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate (7.0). Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth. Clearly, other factors are involved. The most important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women. This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women. Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down. This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families. These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success. 41. In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family A. may limit income. B. isn't necessary. C. can be an advantage. D. is expensive. 42. When countries become industrialized, A. families often become larger. B. women usually decide not have a family. C. the birth rate generally goes down. D. the population generally grows rapidly. 43. Italy today is an example of an A. industrialized country with a low birth rate. B. agricultural country with a high birth rate. C. agricultural country with a low birth rate. D. industrialized country with a high birth rate. 44. Saudi Arabia is mentioned because it shows that A. the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy. B. factors other than the economy influence birth rate. C. women who have a high income usually have few children. D. the birth rate depends on per capita income. 45. In Mexico, as in Thailand and Indonesia, the government A. is not concerned about the status of women. B. has tried to improve the condition of women. C. has tried to industrialize the country rapidly. D. does not allow women to work outside the home. 第5部分:补全短文(第46-50题，每题2分，共10分) 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文 章面貌。 Toads are Arthritic and in Pain Arthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads, a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs. 46________. The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 193S in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. 47.________A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species. The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. 48________. A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly. According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometre a night. 49.________But speed and strength come at a price — arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them. In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop. 50. ________ These toads are so programmed to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their relentless march across the landscape. A. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are being left behind. B. But arthritis didn?t slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found. C. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia?s native species. D. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads. E. But this advantage also has a big drawback — up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis. F. Toads are not built to be road runners — they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas. 第6部分:完形填空(第51-65题，每题1分，共15分) 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 Family History In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before, many people are being attracted to the (51)________of looking back into the past. One way they can do this is by (52)________ their own family history. They can try to (53)________out more about where their families came from and what they did. This is now a fast-growing hobby, especially in countries (54)________a fairly short history, like Australia and the United States. It is one thing to spend some time (55)________ through a book on family history and to (56)________ the decision to investigate your own family's past. It is quite another to (57)________out the research work successfully. It is easy to set about it in a disorganised (58) ________and cause yourself many problems which could have been (59)________with a little forward planning. If your own family stories tell you (60)________you are connected with a famous character, whether hero or criminal, do not let this idea take (61)________your research. Just treat it as an interesting (62)________. A simple system for collecting and storing your information will be adequate to (63) ________ with; a more complex one may only get in your (64) ________. The most important thing, though, is to get started. Who (65)________what you might find? 51. A. idea B. chain C. attention D. interest 52. A. investigating B. recording C. creating D. rewriting 53. A. put B. set C. find D. get 54. A. of B. in C. with D. for 55. A. seeing B. following C. coming D. going 56. A. accept B. reach C. make D. leave 57. A. work B. figure C. turn D. carry 58. A. body B. system C. way D. event 59. A. missed B. lost C. escaped D. avoided 60. A. when B. why C. what D. that 61. A. over B. up C. away D. of 62. A. reason B. question C. possibility D. example 63. A. play B. live C. break D. start 64. A. side B. way C. road D. track 65. A. worries B. believes C. realizes D. knows 参考 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 第1部分:词汇选项 1. D:spread 2. A:compete 3. B:polluted 4. A:doubtful 5. A:fundamental 6. B:importance 7. B:produced 8. B:end 9. C:inflexible 10. A:undamaged 11. D:simple 12. B:cautious 13. C:approved 14. B:break 15. D:become extinct 第2部分:阅读判断 16-22 ABCAACB 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子 23-26 ACEF 27-30 EDCF 第4部分:阅读理解 31-35 ACBAC 36-40 BADCD 41-45 CCABB 第5部分:补全短文 46-50 EDCAB 第6部分:完形填空 51-55 AACCD 56-60 CDCDD 61-65 ACDBD 综合类(B级)试题 第1部分:词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Come out, or I?ll bust the door down. A. shut B. set C. break D. beat 2. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town. A. naked B. cautious C. blind D. private 3. The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error. A. general B. complex C. direct D. inflexible 4. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. A. right B. unbelievable C. obvious D. unclear 5. These animals migrate south annually in search of food. A. explore B. travel C. inhabit D. prefer 6. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems. A. spread B. send C. hear D. confirm 7. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. A. passed by B. took a notice of C. woke up D. found by chance 8. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post. A. at B. with C. about D. from 9. As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion. A. influence B. express C. divide D. voice 10. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. A. taught B. attracted C. kept D. changed 11. He paused, waiting for her to digest the information. A. understand B. withhold C. exchange D. contact 12. Make sure the table is securely anchored. A. repaired B. cleared C. booked D. fixed 13. She gets aggressive when she is drunk. A. worried B. sleepy C. offensive D. anxious 14. There was something peculiar in the way he smiles. A. strange B. different C. wrong D. funny 15. The contract between the two companies will expire soon. A. shorten B. start C. resume D. end 第2部分:阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) Kicking the Habit What is a bad habit? The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human. Many early habits, like sucking our thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes “programmed” into our brain. A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study programme, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again, and gave them new words to associate with them. A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and the second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set. The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change our ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way. The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behaviour. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory. 16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do so. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 18. Bad habits may resume when we are under pressure. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 19. Researchers were surprised by the answers that the volunteers gave in the first test. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond to what we learn first. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题;(2) 第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 Traffic Jams — No End in Sight 1. Traffic congestion affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters spend an average of a full work week each year sitting in traffic, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy. 2. The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centers thanks to congestion pricing. 3. Another way to reduce rush hour traffic is for employers to implement flexitime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether. 4. Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them. 5. Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges. 23. Paragraph 1 24. Paragraph 2 A. A global problem 25. Paragraph 3 B. Closing city centres to traffic 26. Paragraph 4 C. Paying to get in D. Not doing enough 27. Most American drivers think it convenient E. Changing work practice to_________. F. A solution which is no solution 28. If charged high enough, some drivers may_________to enter certain parts of town. 29. Building more roads is not an effective way to_________ . 30. The U.S. government has planned to_________updating public transport systems. A. encourage more private cars B. travel regularly C. reduce traffic jams D. go by bus E. drive around F. spend more money 第4部分:阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇Operation Migration If you look up at the sky in the early fall in the northern part of North America, you may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating(迁徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south, in one unusual case, however, the young birds are following something very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane! The young whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 1970s, people were worried that these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect. Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to increase the number of birds. This plan was successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help. In 2001, some people had a creative Idea. They formed an organization called Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes on their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like cranes. The cranes began to trust the airplanes, and the plan worked. Today, planes still lead birds across approximately 1,200 miles (1,931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on their own in the future. Then, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population. Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Together, they assist hundreds of cranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this won?t be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, the crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they won?t need human help any more. 31. Whopping cranes migrate in winter to A. raise baby whooping cranes. B. get human help. C. find warmth and food. D. lay eggs. 32. Whopping cranes are native to A. Mexico. B. South America. C. the Persian Gulf D. North America. 33. Operation Migration aims to A. lead young cranes on their first trip south. B. teach adult cranes how to fly. C. breed cranes in special parks. D. transport cranes to the North. 34. The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is A. 1,200 miles. B. 120 miles C. 1,931 miles D. 2,000 miles 35. If Operation Migration is successful, whooping cranes will A. follow airplanes south every year. B. learn to migrate on their own. C. live in Canada all year round. D. be unable to fly back. 第二篇"Lucky" Lord Lucan — Alive or Dead On 8th November 1974 Lord Lucan, a British aristocrat, vanished. The day before, his children's nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too. To this day the British public are still interested in the murder case because Lucan has never been found. Now, over 30 years later, the police have reopened the case, hoping that new DNA techniques will help solve this murder mystery. People suspected that "Lucky", as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny. What happened next is unclear, but there are several theories which fall into one of three categories: he may have killed himself, he could have escaped or he might have been killed. It appears that the night after the murder, "Lucky" borrowed a car and drove it, Lucan's friend Aspinall said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed suicide by sinking his boat in the English Channel. Another version of events says that "Lucky" left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France. He was met there by someone who drove him to safety in another country. However, after a time, his rescuers became worried that they would become involved in the murder too and so Lucan was killed. A further fascinating theory was made in the book Dead Lucky by Duncan MacLaughlin, a former detective. He believes that Lucan travelled to Goa, India, where he assumed the identity of a Mr Barry Haplin. Lucan then lived in Goa till his death in 1996. In the end the claim turned out to be a case of mistaken identity. The man who died in 1996 was really Haplin, an ex-schoolteacher turned hippy. So what is the truth about "Lucky"? DNA testing has solved many murder cases, but who knows if it can close the book on this one. 36. British public are still interested in the murder case because A. the murderer was an aristocrat. B. the murderer's DNA has been found. C. the murderer was a famous man. D. the murderer has not been caught 37. it was suspected that Lucan killed the nanny because A. she was cruel to his children. B. she attacked his wife. C. she stole his car D. she was mistaken for his wife. 38. Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself A. by sinking his boat. B. in a car accident. C. on the night 30 years after the murder. D. by jumping into the English Channel. 39. According to the version in Paragraph 4, Lucan A. had escaped but was killed later B. was involved in a murder in France. C. was caught in another country. D. met his partners on a ferry. 40. The word "assumed" in the last paragraph means A. disclosed. B. set up. C. took on. D. changed. 第三篇On the Trail of the Honey Badgers On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers (獾). The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers? movements and behaviour as discreetly (谨慎地) as possible, without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them. In view of the animal?s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do. “The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,” he says. “that, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won?t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They?re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious (凶 恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.” The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal?s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey (猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other. Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species. As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal?s curiosity — or their sudden aggression. The badgers? eating patterns, which had been disrupted, returned to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to adopt the badgers? relaxed attitude when near humans. 41. Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert? A. To observe how honey badgers behave. B. To find where honey badgers live. C. To catch some honey badgers for food. D. To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation. 42. What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers? A. They show interest in things they are not familiar with. B. They are always looking for food. C. They do not enjoy human company. D. It is common for them to attack people. 43. What did the team find out about honey badgers? A. There were some creatures they did not eat. B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures. C. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit. D. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers. 44. Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers? A. They don?t run very quickly. B. They hunt over a very large area. C. They defend their territory from other badgers. D. They are more aggressive than females 45. What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them? A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures. B. They started eating more. C. Other animals started working with them. D. They lost interest in people. 第5部分:补全短文(第46-50题，每题2分，共10分) 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文 章面貌。 The Tough Grass that Sweetens Our Lives Sugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in New Guinea and was used by local people for roofing their houses and fencing their gardens. Gradually a different variety evolved which contained sucrose and was chewed on for its sweet taste. Over time, sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant, grown throughout the world. 46_________. Sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things, from confectionery to medicine, and, as the demand for sugar grew, the industry became larger and more profitable. 47_________. Many crops withered and died, despite growers? attempts to save them, and there were fears that the health of the plant would continue to deteriorate. In the 1960s, scientists working in Barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger and more able to resist disease. They experimented with breeding programmes, mixing genes from the wild species of sugar cane, which tends to be tougher, with genes from the more delicate, commercial type. 48. _________ This sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially, but when this happens, it is expected to be incredibly profitable for the industry. 49. _________ Brazil, which produces one quarter of the world's sugar, has coordinated an international project under Professor Paulo Arrudo of the Universidade Estaudual de Campinas in Sao Paulo. Teams of experts have worked with him to discover more about which parts of the genetic structure of the plant are important for the production of sugar and its overall health. Despite all the research, however, we still do not fully understand how the genes function in sugar cane. 50. _________This gene is particularly exciting because it makes the plant resistant to rust, a disease which probably originated in India, but is now capable of infecting sugar cane across the world. Scientists believe they will eventually be able to grow a plant which cannot be destroyed by rust. A. Unfortunately, however, the plant started to become weaker and more prone to disease. B. Sugar cane was now much vigorous and the supply of sugar is therefore more guaranteed. C. One major gene has been identified by Dr Angelique D'Hont and her team in Montpelier, France. D. The majority of the world's sugar now comes from this particular commercial species. E. Since the 1960s, scientists have been analysing the mysteries of the sugar cane's genetic code. F. Eventually, a commercial plant was developed which was 5 percent sweeter than before, but also much stronger and less likely to die from disease. 第6部分:完形填空(第51-65题，每题1分，共15分) 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 Teaching and Learning Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect student to be familiar with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The ideal student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned with brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is responsible for learning the material assigned. When research is assigned, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance. It is the student?s responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain how a university library works; they expect students particularly graduate students to exhaust the reference sources in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students should not be too dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties besidesteaching, such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited. If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either approach a professor during office hours or make an appointment. 参考答案 第1部分:词汇选项 1-5 CBDBB 6-10 ADCAB 11-15 ADCAD 第2部分:阅读判断 16-22 CBABCBA 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子 23-26 ACEF 27-30 EDCF 第4部分:阅读理解 31-35 CDAAB 36-40 DDAAC 41-45 AACBD 第5部分:补全短文 46-50 DAFEC 第6部分:完形填空 51-55 CCCBB 56-60 DBADB 61-65 CABDC 综合类(C级)试题 第1部分:词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. It seems incredible that he had been there a week already. A. right B. obvious C. unclear D. unbelievable 2. We found shelter from the rain under the tree. A. defense B. protection C. standing D. room 3. The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine. A. structure B. bottom C. surface D. top 4. The odd thing was that he didn?t recognize me. A. real B. whole C. same D. strange 5. The performance was pretty impressive. A. completely B. very C. beautifully D. equally 6. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events. A. bring B. separate C. put D. set 7. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post. A. at B. with C. from D. about 8. I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. A. threw B. seized C. broke D. stretched 9. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. A. taught B. attracted C. kept D. changed 10. This was an unexceptionally brutal attack. A. cruel B. open C. sudden D. direct 11. “There is no other choice,” she said in a harsh voice. A. firm B. soft C. deep D. unkind 12. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. A. passed by B. took a notice of C. woke up D. found by chance 13. Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning. A. border B. goal C. level D. peak 14. We have to change the public?s perception that money is everything. A. sight B. belief C. interest D. pressure 15. She gets aggressive when she is drunk. A. worried B. sleepy C. offensive D. anxious 第2部分:阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) Kicking the Habit What is a bad habit? The most common definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human. Many early habits, like sucking our thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes “programmed” into our brain. A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change our habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study programme, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same pictures again, and gave them new words to associate with them. A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and the second. Two weeks later, they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set. The study confirms that the responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change our ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way. The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behaviour. This is not good news for people who picked up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory. 16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do so. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 18. Bad habits may resume when we are under pressure. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 19. Researchers were surprised by the answers that the volunteers gave in the first test. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond to what we learn first. A. Right B. Wrong C. not mentioned 22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23-30题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题;(2) 第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 Pedestrians Only 1. The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time. During the Middle Ages, traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and, more importantly, safely. As far back as 2,000 years ago, road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of the pedestrians, and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day. In most other cities, however, pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses, coaches and, later, with cars and other motorized vehicles. 2. The modern, traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s, when both city populations and car ownership increase rapidly. Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience. Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets, and shopping areas seemed the best place to start. 3. At first, there was resistance from shopkeepers. They believed that such a move would be bad for business. They argued that people would avoided streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars. When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic, there were even noisy demonstrations, as many shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers. 4. However, research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich, Cologne and Hamburg, visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent. On Copenhagen?s main shopping street, shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent. Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, the USA, were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets. With the arrival of the traffic-free streets, many shops, especially those selling things like clothes, food and smaller luxury items, prospered. Unfortunately, it isn?t good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances who actually saw their sales drop. Many of these were forced to move elsewhere, away from the city centre. 23. Paragraph 1 24. Paragraph 2 A. Facing protest from shop owners 25. Paragraph 3 B. An experiment that went wrong 26. Paragraph 4 C. Increase in sales and customers D. Popularity of online shopping E. A need for change 27. Traffic-free shopping streets first developed F. An idea from ancient history in ________. 28. In the 1960s, dirty gases from cars made shopping________. 29. Shopkeepers mistakenly believed that car-free streets would keep away________. 30. The arrival of the traffic-free shopping street made many________ lost their business. A. furniture sellers B. a bad experience C. Middle Eastern countries D. customers E. North America F. pedestrians 第4部分:阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇An Expensive Mistake Is there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions. They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and get information. The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter. The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars on December 1998. The trip took nine and a half months. At first, everything was fine. However, when the Orbiter got near Mars, something terrible happened. The spacecraft didn?t go to the right place. It went too close to Mars. It was too hot for the Orbiter there. The spacecraft couldn?t function correctly. Suddenly, it stopped sending messages to NASA. The Orbiter was lost. How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally, they found the answer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England, and one team was in the United States. There were many similarities in the way they worked, but there was one important difference: The teams used different guidelines for measuring things. The United States team used the metric system (公制). The other team used the English system. Because they used different systems, the scientists made a mathematical mistake. The Orbiter's orbit (the shape and pattern of its path) around Mars was not correct. The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path. The Orbiter got too close and too hot, and it stopped functioning. Why didn't anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time. This was a challenge, and they were very tired from working long hours. The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build. It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space. In addition, NASA?s research on the cause of the problem was expensive. This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects. However, the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all! 31. NASA built the Mars Climate Orbiter to get information about A. the size of Mars. B. possible life on Mars. C. the shape of Mars. D. the atmosphere of Mars. 32. How long did it take the Orbiter to get close to Mars? A. One year. B. Less than one year. C. About two and a half years. D. More than three years. 33. When did the Orbiter?s problem begin? A. Right after it left for Mars. B. Right after it landed for Mars. C. When it got near Mars. D. When it returned to Earth. 34. What caused the Orbiter?s problem? A. Scientists used wrong guidelines of mathematics. B. Scientists used wrong building materials. C. Scientists used different operating systems. D. Scientists used different measurement systems. 35. Why didn?t NASA scientists identify the problem before the Orbiter left for Mars? A. They didn?t know the English system. B. They were sure of the success of the trip. C. They were tired from working long hours. D. They didn?t get enough research funding. 第二篇The Development of Ballet Ballet is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed. Ballet began in the royal courts during the Renaissance. At that time it became common for kings and queens, as well as other nobility, to participate in pageants that included music, poetry, and dance. As these entertainments moved from the Italian courts to the French ones, court ladies began participating in them. Though their long dresses prevented much movement, they were able to perform elaborate walking patterns. It was not until the 1600s that women dancers shortened their skirts, changed to flat shoes, and began doing some of the leaps and turns performed by men. It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers to rise on their toes to make it appear that were floating. Classical ballet as we know it today was influenced primarily by Russian dancing. The Russians remained interested in ballet when it declined in other European countries in the mid-1800s. One of the most influential figures of the early 20th century was Sergei Diaghilev. His dance company, the Ballets Russes, brought a new energy and excitement to ballet. One of his chief assistants, George Balanchine, went on to found the New York City Ballet in 1948 and to influence new generations of dancers. 36. This passage deals mainly with A. famous names in ballet. B. Russian ballet. C. how ballet has developed. D. why ballet is no longer popular. 37. The word “pageants” in Paragraph 2 means A. dances. B. instructions. C. royal courts. D. big shows. 38. Professional ballet was first performed in A. France. B. Italy. C. Russia. D. America. 39. Who had an important influence on early ballet? A. Balanchine. B. Antoinette. C. Louise ??. D. Diaghilev. 40. We can conclude from this passage that ballet A. will continue to change. B. is a dying art. C. is currently performed only in Russia. D. is often performed by dancers with little training. 第三篇Operation Migration If you look up at the sky in the early fall in the northern part of North America, you may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating(迁徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south, in one unusual case, however, the young birds are following something very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane! The young whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 1970s, people were worried that these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect. Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to increase the number of birds. This plan was successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help. In 2001, some people had a creative Idea. They formed an organization called Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes on their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like cranes. The cranes began to trust the airplanes, and the plan worked. Today, planes still lead birds across approximately 1,200 miles (1,931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on their own in the future. Then, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population. Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Together, they assist hundreds of cranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this won?t be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, the crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they won?t need human help any more. 41. Whopping cranes migrate in winter to A. raise baby whooping cranes. B. get human help. C. find warmth and food. D. lay eggs. 42. Whopping cranes are native to A. Mexico. B. South America. C. the Persian Gulf D. North America. 43. Operation Migration aims to A. lead young cranes on their first trip south. B. teach adult cranes how to fly. C. breed cranes in special parks. D. transport cranes to the North. 44. The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is A. 1,200 miles. B. 120 miles C. 1,931 miles D. 2,000 miles 45. If Operation Migration is successful, whooping cranes will A. follow airplanes south every year. B. learn to migrate on their own. C. live in Canada all year round. D. be unable to fly back. 第5部分:补全短文(第46-50题，每题2分，共10分) 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文 章面貌。 A Doctor in the House Brushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away. But if a group of scientific researchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too. (46) ________It is one of many gadgets proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York— others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home camera designed to check for cancer. The devices seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal. (47) ________ In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouraging us to lead healthier lives. Intelligent bandages are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quickly identify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics would work best. (48) ________ Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detect the amount of pressure in your foot and alert you when an ulcer is coming up. All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is a melanoma monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. (49)________ If a problem is found, the system would advise you to get a check-up at your doctor?s surgery. If all this sounds troublesome, then help is at hand. (50)________ A standard computer would be able to understand your voice and answer questions about your symptoms in plain English and in a way which would calm your nerves. A. A toothbrush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently in development in the USA. B. Experts are also working on a „digital doctor?, complete with a comforting bedside manner. C. Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis is shifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets. D. The cut could then be treated instantly, so avoiding possible complications. E. That is going to be the difficult part. F. The device could be used to take a picture of your body each week, then compare it with previous images. 第6部分:完形填空(第51-65题，每题1分，共15分) 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 Global Warming Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world?s climate. Many scientists put the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase in the world?s temperatures and are convinced that, more than ever before, the Earth is at risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. According to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and droughts, even more severe and causing sea levels all around the world to rise. Environmental groups are putting pressure on governments to take action to reduce theamount of carbon dioxide which is given off by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in favour of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power stations. Some scientists, however, believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay. 参考答案 第1部分:词汇选项 1. D. unbelievable 2. B. protection 3. A. structure 4. D. strange 5. B. very 6. B. separate 7. D. about 8. B. seized 9. B. attracted 10. A. cruel 11. D. unkind 12. D. found by chance 13. D. peak 14. B. belief 15. C. offensive 第2部分:阅读判断 16-22 CBABCBA 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子 23-26 FEAC 27-30 CBDA 第4部分:阅读理解 31-35 BBCDC 36-40 CDACA 41-45 CDAAB 第5部分:补全短文 46-50 ACDFB