汉译英练习题

汉译英 练习题 用券下载整式乘法计算练习题幼小衔接专项练习题下载拼音练习题下载凑十法练习题下载幼升小练习题下载免费 精品文档 汉译英练习题 1. 尽管健康越来越重要，然而多数人都是等到生病时 才意识到健康的宝贵。适量的运动无 疑有益于健康，但体 育迷面临的问题是缺少理想的运动场所。与森林不同，繁忙 街道两侧的 公园容易受到空气污染，在此锻炼非但不能提 高身体抵抗力，还很可能诱发各种慢性病。 1. Despite the increasing importance of health, most people fail to recognize the value of health until they fall ill. There is no doubt that moderate exercise can benefit health. However, sports fans are faced with the lack of ideal places for exercise. Unlike forests, parks on either side of a busy street are prone to atmospheric pollution, where exercise cannot enhance immunity, but may induce various chronic diseases rather than enhance immunity. 2. 在中国，拿硕士学位通常需要三年时间。第一 年积累足够的学分后，学生接着在后两年完成毕业论文。论 文要有一定学术价值，还要反映学生的科研能力。人们越来 越重视学术诚信，这将有助于提高科学界的道德 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 。 2. In China, it usually takes years for students to get a Master Degree. Having accumulated enough credits in the first year, students could go on to 1 / 34 精品文档 complete their theses in the following two years. Their theses should have certain academic values and show their research abilities. Now greater emphasis has been laid on academic integrity, which will help raise the moral standards in the academic society. 3. 因特网的广泛应用引发了一场全球范围内的信 息革命。 信息已被作为一种重要的社会战略资源而与物资、 能源、人力一起被列为现代社会生产力的重要因素。我国的 信息安全形势不是很乐观。我国现在是世界上网人数最多的 国家，然而由于基础薄弱，监管力度有限，网民安全意识淡 薄，网上的重大失窃密案件多有发生;对社会稳定造成了许 多负面影响。 3. The wide application of the Internet a global information revolution. important factors of modern social productivity materials，energy sources and manpower. The situation of our country is not very optimistic. Our nation now has the largest number of Internet users in the world. However, due to the weak infrastructure, limited supervising power and our netizens’ ，many serious cases of loss, theft and leakage of secrets over the internet have happened and had many negative effects on the stability of our 2 / 34 精品文档 society. 4. 很久以前我们就离开了家乡的土地，从那以后我 们就生活在城市狭窄的天空下。失去了 广阔的田野和清新的空气，我们不得不生活在都市吵 杂而拥挤的环境里。如果我们不尽力在自己居住的小屋里保 留最后一点绿色，不能给我们的心灵留下最后一块安置灵魂 的空间，那么我们还拥有什么, 4. We have left our native land a long time ago, and have been living in the city whose sky is narrow. Having long lost the poetic fields and fresh air, we have to live in the noisy and crowed city. If we do not try to preserve a bit of green in our little rooms, if we lose the last bit of space to accommodate our soul, then what do we still have? 5. 在学术民主方面，当时，学校经常有讨论会。 通常是一个人先作主题发言，介绍学科领域的情况，大约讲 40分钟，然后讨论一小时，大家七嘴八舌都可以讲。那时， 我不过是个研究生，也参加讨论，这是允许的。主持会议的 教授有时也和大家一起讨论，偶尔教授会说，他刚才讲的不 对，收回。就这样，在学术问题上很讲民主。 5. As for academic democracy, at that time, there were different seminars in the Institute. 3 / 34 精品文档 Usually the president began with an introduction of about0 minutes on a subject, and then each and everyone had a chance to speak in the one-hour discussion. I was nobody but a postgraduate then, and also had a voice in the discussion, which was allowed. The professor presiding over the seminar sometimes participated in the discussion too. Occasionally you could hear the professor say, “I take back what I said just now. I was wrong.” They were quite democratic on academic studies. 6. 当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济，提高人民 生活水平。因此，我们必须改革旧的经济体制，进一步解放 生产力;我们应当向世界敞开大门，学习其他国家的先进的 科学和技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策，就一定能把我国 建设成强大的社会主义国家。 6. Our primary task at present is to develop national economy and promote the living standards of the people. Therefore, we must reform the old economic system so as to further liberate productive forces. Moreover, we should be open to the outside world sp that we can learn advanced science and technology from other 4 / 34 精品文档 countries. And we are sure to build china into a powerful socialist country so long as we stick to the reform and opening policy. Food safety is a scientific discipline concerned with handling, preparation, and storage of foods in ways that prevent food-borne illness. It involves a number of routines that should be followed to avoid potentially severe health hazards. Food can transmit disease from person to person as well as serve as a growth medium for bacteria that can cause food poisoning. Debates on genetic food safety include such issues as impact of genetically modified food on health of further generations and genetic pollution of environment, which can destroy natural biological diversity. In developed counties there are rigorous standards for food preparation, whereas in poverty-stricken countries the main issue is the availability of adequate safe water. 11w 食品安全是门科学，研究的内容是如何处理、加工和 储存食品才能防止食品导致的疾病。食品安全涉及一些日常 程序，只有执行这些程序才能避免可能对健康造成的严重危 5 / 34 精品文档 害。食品能在人与人之间传播疾病，也能滋生细菌引起食品 中毒。有关转基因食品安全的争论涉及的问题包括转基因食 品对后代人健康的影响和基因的环境污染，基因的环境污染 会破坏自然界的生物多样性。发达国家有严格的食品加工标 准，而贫穷国家的主要问题是能否有充足的达标水源。 Directions: A. Title: Harmfulness of Fake Commodities作文 号:220964 B. Time limit: 0 minutes C. Word limit: 150-180 words D. Your composition should be based at the OUTLINE below. OUTLINE: 1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品。为什么会有这种 现象,„ 2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人社会等的危 害„„ 3.我的看法。 汉译英测试题 1. 就我所知，教育对一个社会的发展起着决定性的 作用。 To the best of my knowledge, education plays a decisive role in the development of society. 6 / 34 精品文档 2. 无论发生什么，你都应该继续努力学习，考取理 想的大学。 No matter what happens, you should work hard to get admitted by an ideal university. 3. 虽然当前的经济危机很严重，但是各国政府理应 竭尽所能帮助人们摆危机随带来的负面影响。 Despite the seriousness of the current financial crisis, each government is supposed to do their job in order to help people out of the negative effect caused by the crisis. 4. 我们没有想到的是，他曾经因为被当场抓住偷窃 而被判刑3年。It never occurs to us that he used to be caught stealing and was sentenced to three-year in prison. 5. 如果可以选择的话， 我宁愿在全国英语演讲比赛 中失败的那个人是我，而不是你。 If I were able to choose, I would rather it is me, rather than you, that failed in the national English contest. 6. 改善人民生活水平是一个国家最根本，最重要的 任务。 Improving people’s living standard is the most fundamental and important task for a country. 7 / 34 精品文档 7. 既然已经选择了出国留学这条路，就没有什么好 抱怨的。 Since you have chosen to study abroad, there is no use complaining. 8. 我无法容忍的是他竟然当着我面把这份珍贵的信 撕了个粉碎。 What I could not tolerate was that he tore the letter into pieces in the presence of me. 9. 在当今社会，人们越来越依靠电脑处理各种复杂 的问题。 In the present-day society, people depend more and more on computers to solve various complicated problems. 10. 作为大学生，你本应该在校园里面用功读书，而 不是去外面打工，因为这将对你的学习带来许多不好的影 响。 As a college student, you are supposed to study hard on campus, instead of taking a part-time job, which would bring lots of negative influence to your study. 11. 无论如何，你都不能放弃你正在做的项目， 因 为这对于整个人类来说都有着不同寻常的意义。 At any rate, you should not give up the project 8 / 34 精品文档 you are working on, which would bring extraordinary value to human being. 12. 每当我感到沮丧的时候，我都会想起这首让我恢 复信心的歌曲。 Every time when I feel frustrated, I will think of the song that help build up my confidence, 13. 正如这位伟大的作家指出的那样，勤奋是成功的 关键。 As the great writer points out, diligence is the key to success. 14. 俗话说的好，熟能生巧，英语学习也是如此。 As the saying goes, practice makes perfect, which is true of English learning. 15. 根据最新的调查，大约86%的年轻人承认比起上 街购物，他们更青睐于网络购物。According to therecent survey, about6% young people admit to prefer online shopping to regular shopping in the streets. 16. 我们所取得的结果都来自于不懈的努力和良好 的心态。 All that we have achieved comes from our hard work and good state of mind. 17. 当一次次被拒绝的时候，求职者往往感到失望， 9 / 34 精品文档 并把责任归于社会。 When turned down again and again, those job applicants tend to feel disappointed and thus attribute the blame to the society. 18. 在所有被大学录取的学生当中，他是我所见过的 最优秀、最有前途的一位。 Among all the students accepted by colleges, he is the most brilliant and promising that I have ever seen. 19. 一些人说，运动有助于减肥，然而，我认为，事 实并非如此。 Some people hold that doing exercises help to lose weight. I am of the opinion that it is not necessarily the case however. 20. 众所周知，没有什么比健康和快乐更为重要的事 情了。 It is well-known that nothing is happier and more important than keeping healthy. 21. 虽然我坚持服用这种药物，但其效果似乎并不像 广告中宣称的那样。 Although I keep taking this medicine, the effect fails to live up to what is claimed in the advertisement. 10 / 34 精品文档 22. 新的设计应该是地震频发的城市更加安全。 The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. 23. 给我们留下深刻印象的是，即使是那些被告之严 重病情的人也很乐观。 We are most impressed by the fact that even those patients who are told of their serious illness are quite optimistic. 24. 结果，许多人不愿意尝试，而这些尝试恰恰就是 幸福的源泉。 As a result, many people avoided the very attempts that ate the source of true happiness. 25. 据估计，对此问题实际上还没有进行过科学实 验。 It is estimated that no scientific experiments have yet been made on the question. 26. 男人们很聪明，他们不会上时装设计师的当。 Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. 27. 中国人似乎为他们在经济上取得成就而自豪，这 是合乎情理的。 It is reasonable that the Chinese seemed proud 11 / 34 精品文档 of their economic achievements. 28. 学生家长们普遍认为学校不再对教单词感兴趣。 There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in teaching spelling. 29. 上周洛杉矶发生了强烈地震，造成了严重的财产 损失。 A serious earthquake took place in Los Angeles last week which caused heavy losses of property. 30. 他们匆匆得出结论，我们从香港搭乘的飞机都是 从上海起飞的 They jumped to the conclusion that all the flights we take in HongKong take off from Shanghai. 专转本写作必备 1. The large scale development of West China is of profound significance西部大开发具有深远意义 2. However, the western region development is a long-term systematic project.然而，西部开发是一个长 期的系统工程。 3.It calls for tremendous efforts of several generations.它需要几代人的共同努力。 4.the sense of achievement成就感 5.in terms of从„„的角度 12 / 34 精品文档 6.Competition exists everywhere and it is one of the motive forces of the development of society竞争 是社会生活中的一个司空见惯的现象 7. However, we often find competition exists together with cooperation.然而，我们经常发现竞争与合 作共存的情况。 8. While we are advocating competition, we can’ t forget cooperation.我们在倡导竞争是不可忽略合作。 9. Pure and exclusive competition leads to failures.纯粹排他的竞争会导致一事无成。 10. Only competition together with cooperation helps us a great deal in obtaining our goals and satisfying our needs.只有既竞争又合作，我们才能实现 目标，才能满足自身需要。 11. The current education system现行教育体制 12. advocate quality-oriented education倡导素 质教育 13. focus on the students’ability as a whole 重视培养学生的整体能力 14. play a key role 起到关键作用 15. bring up a new generation培养一代新人 16. Evidently, the deterioration of the quality 13 / 34 精品文档 of the environment threatens the existence of mankind很明显，环境质量恶化会危及人类的生存。 17. Therefore, the best solution is that we should devote to the protection of our home while we are developing our economy. 因此，最好的策略是，在发 展经济的同时致力于保护环境。 18. Both the government and ordinary people should join hands to make this world a better place to live in, not only for ourselves, but also for future generations.政府和百姓应携起手来，一起打造更好的生存 环境，不仅为了自己，更为了我们的子孙后代。 19. Some academic works are full of plagiarisms.一些学术作品里充满了剽窃来的思想和文字。 20. raise teachers’ social status and improve their material welfare提高教师社会地位，改善教师物质 待遇。 21. in the long run从长远看来 22. make every citizen aware that 使每个人都意 识到„„ 23. According to its definition, the purpose of sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future 14 / 34 精品文档 generations to meet their own needs.根据定义，可持续 发展战略提出的目的是在不损害子孙后代的利益的前提下 满足今天人们的需要。 24. The fulfillment of one’s duty and obligations 履行某人的职责与义务 25. Children’s love for their parents is the latter’s best reward.孩子对父母的爱是对父母最好的回 报。 26. lay a good foundation for the future为将来 奠定坚实的基础 27. If science is properly used, it will benefit mankind, while if it is misused, it will lead to tragic result.如果正当利用，科学将造福人类，如果利用不当， 科学将引发灾难。 28. I miss very much our traditional culture whose loss is too high a price to pay.传统文化令我十 分留恋，它的缺失意味着高昂的代价。 95. I treasure traditional culture, for it embodies the very customs and values that sustain our friendship, family and spiritual life.我珍惜传统文化， 因为它代 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 了维系我们的友谊，家庭和精神生活的固有方式 及价值观。 15 / 34 精品文档 99. It is high time for us to take all the effective measures to battle against hackers.我们应 立即采取有效措施，制止黑壳犯罪。 102. Put what we have learned into practice将我 们所学附诸实践 103. We should take advantage of science to serve our society.我们应利用科学服务社会。 114. Provide educational opportunities via Internet 通过网络提供教育机会 115. So I think people should use cell phones as little as possible and turn them off on important occasions. 因此，我认为人们应尽量少用手机，在重要场合要关 掉手机。 116. Of course, cyber games also have their negative effects. 当然，网络游戏也有负面效应。 117. It is strongly suggested that we should not indulge in them. 我们千万不能沉迷 123. In this way, children will become very lazy and unwilling to use their mind 16 / 34 精品文档 这样，学生就变得非常懒惰，不喜欢用脑。 124. E-mail, an entirely new way of communication by means of computers, is becoming so popular nowadays that it’s difficult to imagine modern life without it. 电子邮件作为一种全新的通信方式日益普及，我们很 难想象若无电子邮件，现代生活会是什么样子。 126. But after all, computer is computer, it can never replace a human brain. 但不管怎样，电脑终究是电脑，它永远不可能取代人 脑。 129. Nowadays there is often a lack of understanding between the audience and the general directors of the annual spring festival galas. 如今，观众和春节晚会导演组之间常缺乏相互理解。 132. Ecologists point out that a cluster of high-rise buildings in a city often overburden public transportation and parking-lot capacities. 生态学家指出，城市里的高层建筑群使公共交通和停 车容量负担过重。 134. In order to protect the only earth for ourselves and for our children, let’s work together and keep our cities from growing further in height! 17 / 34 精品文档 我们只有一个地球，为了我们自身及后代着想，兴建 摩天大楼风不可涨～ 135. Have more say in the international affairs 在国际事务中有更多的发言权 136. Try to give up their absolute power in family to give a better image to their children 尽量放弃他 们在家中的绝对权利，在孩子面前树立良好的形象。 147. Generally speaking, the advantages of urbanization can be listed as follows. 一般说来，城市化可以带来下列好处。 156. In my mind, lottery is much the same as gambling in nature and it certainly brings more negative effects than positive effects, if any.在我看来，购买彩票与赌博在性质上并无二致，它有很多负 面作用，而正面作用却微乎其微。 158. Secondly, not a few people, being indulged in lottery, lose not only initiative for work but also interest in life. 第二，不少人对彩票痴心不改，对工作失去了积极性， 对生活失去了兴趣。 163. First, mass media keep us well informed of the happenings of the world which would otherwise 18 / 34 精品文档 remain unknown. 首先，通过大众传媒，我们对世界风云变幻了如指掌， 否则我们就会一无所知。 164. They must make great efforts to meet the satisfaction of the adults, and at the same time go out of their way to avoid imposing bad influence on the children. 他们既要努力满足成年观众的需求，又要避免影片对 儿童产生不利影响。 165. Films and TV series ought to educate the young but not to ruin them.影片和电视节目应对未成年 人起到教化作用而不是教唆作用。 167. Though it does good to college students in many ways, the golden week can never be said to bring no problems. 对大学生而言，尽管黄金周好处多多，但其负面效应 也是客观存在的。 177. The early 1990’s witnessed an unprecedented tide of rural workers flooding into big cities.,, 世纪,,年代初期，农民工开始如潮水般地涌入大城市。 178. No one denies the important contribution rural workers have made to urban development. 没有人 19 / 34 精品文档 能否认农民工为城市建设做出的重要贡献。 180. Yet an anti-migrant attitude runs consistently through the mainstream of urbanization. 然而，反对农民工进城的态度一直贯穿于城市化主流进程之 中。 181. They also blame them for the sharp rise in urban crime rate. 他们还把城市犯罪率的急剧上升归罪于农民工。 182. Most of the government officials are honest and hardworking, but cases of dishonesty and corruption in government are frequently reported in recent years. 大多数政府官员是诚实敬业的。但近年来官员渎职， 腐败案件时有发生。 185. They abuse the power entrusted to them by the people. 他们滥用人民赋予的权利。 193. Honesty can earn government high prestige among people, and maintain the close ties between government and its people. 诚实守信能为政府赢得威信，加强政府与人民的密切 联系。 204. Moreover, too much praise makes the children 20 / 34 精品文档 proud, which further spoils them and renders them liable to develop all kinds of bad habits in the long run 另外一点是，从长远看来，对孩子过度的赞扬会助长 其骄傲心理，他们依仗父母的宠爱，可能会染上各种坏习惯。 210. Therefore, fake diplomas disturb the normal order of job markets and do great harm to society. 因此，假文凭破坏就业市场的正常秩序，对社会造成 极大危害。 213. We should not only expose the fabricators through media but also punish them severely by law. 对造假者不仅应该通过媒体将其曝光，还应该用法律 手段严加惩罚。 214. Some children become so addicted to the foreign snacks that they will go eating whenever possible. 有些孩子对洋快餐迷恋到了极点，一有可能就要去 吃。 216. Through their contact with animal, children learn how to take care of those dependent on them, which helps them develop a sense of responsibility and cultivate their patience as well. 21 / 34 精品文档 通过与动物相处，孩子们能学会如何照顾好那些需要 关爱的动物，有助于培养他们的责任感和耐心。 217. However, for a few people, keeping pets is an ostentatious display of their wealth. 然而，对某 些人而言，饲养宠物只是炫耀财富的一种手段。 219. The barking of dogs and mewing of cats can also be an annoyance to the neighbors 狗和猫的叫声 会影响邻里。 中高级翻译英译汉使用技巧讲解翻译练习 Commercial cargoes are transported by highway, water and rail . One recent innovation is “containerized” cargo. At the factory, crates of goods are placed in large metal containers on wheels , and the containers are sealed and hitched to trucks to be taken to railroad centers or ports , where large cranes lift them on to freight cars, barges or ships. 商业货物由公路,水路与铁路来运输,近来发明了” 集装箱”货运. 在厂家就把货物装入带轮子的大型金属集 装箱内,装箱密封后,挂在卡车后拉到铁路编组站或港口,用 大吊车装上货物车厢,驳船或轮船. Crime is partly a result of bad material conditions : certainly it is most prevalent among 22 / 34 精品文档 people whose lives are not satisfactory in obvious ways---people without a settled home , with parents separated or divorced , victims of various kinds of misfortune , including poverty and lack of education . But bad social conditions , in the obvious material sense , can hardly be accepted as the main explanation for a rapid increase of crime in the 1960s and 1970s . There are after all fewer people suffering from the bad conditions than before , and it is much easier to make a very satisfactory living by honest work now than it was forty years ago , on indeed at any previous time .The problem is shared with the rest of western civilization , and beyond it . 犯罪的部分原因是物质条件差;犯罪当然在生活明显 不满意的人中最普遍,没有固定住处者, 父母分居或离婚者, 各种灾祸的受害者,其中,包括贫困和缺乏教育者.可是社会 物质条件差, 不能认为是六,七十年代犯罪剧增的主要原因. 毕竟受穷者比以前少了,现在通过正当职业谋得相当满意的 生计,比40年前,以至以往任何时候都容易多了. 这个问题 在整个西方,以及其他地区都存在. 中高级翻译英译汉使用技巧讲解人名,地名的英译 英语人名,地名,可以查找工具书,比如英汉辞典等等 23 / 34 精品文档 中级口译的人名地名的翻译相对来说是比较简单的,我们翻译人名,地名必须遵循”音译”的原则.必须注意的是: 1) 用音译,慎用意译 如:人名Wall, Sleep,译成:”沃尔”与”斯利普”,不可译成”墙”与”睡”.地名China同样不可译成”陶瓷”,这也是众所周知的事了 2) 人名中姓和名之间,用圆点间隔,如John Thomas Smith “约翰.托马斯.史密斯”. 3) 要熟记一些常用的译名 比如:Franklin Roosevelt 罗斯福 Winston Churchill邱吉尔 Napoleon 拿破仑Aristotle 亚里士多德 Socrates 苏格拉底New York 纽约 New Orleans 新奥尔良 Los Angeles 洛杉矶 Detroit底特律Chicago 芝加哥 平时就多看看有关资料,也不一定要全背出,只是心里要留个底儿,这样就不会闹笑话了词在不同语境的翻译技巧在我们的翻译 教程 人力资源管理pdf成真迷上我教程下载西门子数控教程protel99se入门教程fi6130z安装使用教程 之中第12页,就有关于see在不同语境情况之下的不同翻译,这说明要准 确的译出文章中关键词的意思,首先要注意语境的把握和上下文的搭配关系 24 / 34 精品文档 1) company的翻译 He is fond of company. 他爱交朋友 Two is company, but three is none. 两人成伴,三人不欢 Among the company was an old man. 这群人中有位老人 Who keeps company with the wolf , will learn to howl. 跟狼在一起,就会学会狼叫 I fell into company with him . 我偶然与他相识 Misery loves company. 同病相怜 The host amused the company with singing . 主人用歌唱来招待宾客 He is employed in an electronic company. 他在一家电器公司工作 2) 红与red的译法 英语中有red She was dressed in red. 她身穿红衣 25 / 34 精品文档 When he started criticizing my work , I really saw red. 他竟批评起我的工作来了,我立即火冒三丈 中高级翻译英译汉使用技巧讲解代词的翻译 1. 句子内部指代的翻译 当代词与其所指代的对象在同一划线句中时，一般来 可以将代词译为相对应的代词。但是如果前面出现多个名 词，而且从数量、性质等方面很难判断代词的指代，则最好 将代词翻译成相对应的名词。 981) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structu res that existed 1billion years ago. 结构 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 :这是一个复合句. But even more important是整个句子的状语，it was the farthest是主 句，that scientists had been able to look into the past是修饰the farthest的定语从句，for引导原因状语从句， 在这个状语从句中，what they were seeing是主语从句， were the patterns and structures是状语从句中的系表结 构，that existed?是修饰名词patterns and structures 的定语从句。 译文: 但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观察到 26 / 34 精品文档 的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙 云的形状和结构。 011) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 结构分析:这是一个复合句。There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors是主句，其中hosted by robots是过 去分词短语做television chat shows的后置定语，with pollution monitors是介词短语修饰cars;that will disable them是定语从句，修饰pollution monitors ;when they offend是时间状语从句，修饰动词disable。 译文: 届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目 以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排 污超标，监控器就会使其停驶。 014) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration:”It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. 结构分析:这是一个复合句。But that is only the start of man-machine integration是主句，其中有一个插 27 / 34 精品文档 入语Pearson points out。It will be the beginning of the long process of integration是直接引语中的主句，that 引导定语从句修饰名词integration， before the end of the next century是介词短语作状语。. 译文: 但皮尔森指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化 的开始:”它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一步，最终会使人 们在下世纪末之前就研制出完全电子化的仿真人。” 2. 句外指代的翻译 A(对于指代具体某个或几个名词的词，一定要搞清 楚他指代的内容，译文中用代词表示不清的就用名词来表 达，哪怕是罗嗦一点也一定要多用名词，只有在明显清楚或 者找不到合适的名词才用代词。P8-74 014) But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: “It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century. 结构分析:这是一个复合句。But that is only the start of man-machine integration是主句，其中有一个插 入语Pearson points out。It will be the beginning of the long process of integration是直接引语中的主句，that 引导定语从句修饰名词integration， before the end of 28 / 34 精品文档 the next century是介词短语作状语。. 译文: 但皮尔森指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化 的开始:”它是人机一体化漫长之 路的第一步，最终会使人们在下世纪末之前就研制出 完全电子化的仿真人。” 064)They are the possessions of the autonomous man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. 结构分析:这是一个复合句。主句是由两个并列的分 句构成的:They are?, and they are;in which引导定语 从句，修饰practices，其中is held responsible for ? and given credit for ?并列做定语从句的谓语，given前面省 略了助动词is。 译文: 自由和尊严是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有 的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定 的必不可少的前提。 B( 若是代词指代的内容为前面的某个句子，需要总 结，则在翻译的时候可以以模糊对模糊，根据具体情况将该 代词译为“这种问法，这种说法，这个问题，这种做 法?”P7-71971) Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which 29 / 34 精品文档 is something the world does not have. 结构分析:这是一个多重复合句。Actually,是副词做状语，修饰整个句子，it isn’t,是主句，在because引导的原因状语从句中，that引导宾语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句修饰名词an agreed account，而the world does not have是省略了从句引导词that的定语从句，修饰something。 译文: 事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。 “It isn’t”看来非常简单，但真正翻译起来却不那么容易，因为它有两个难点:一是代词It指代什么,二是Isn’t 后面省略了什么,如果只是译成简单的“它不是”，译者和读者恐怕都会觉得莫名其妙。前面说过，弄清楚代词的指代内容一定要参见前文，而现在句中还有省略，那就更应该参见前文了。前面说“动物有权利吗,问题经常这样提出，这种提问方式听上去是一种有用的、能把问题讲清楚的开场白。” 句中的it 应该和前文中提到的it一样都表示“这种提问”，isn’t后面省略的内容也应该和前句的一样。因此这个句子补充完整之后就成了it isn’t a useful, ground-clearing way to start.由于表语太长，重复显得罗嗦，我们这里可以抓住最关键的词，而形容词ground-clearing正好是这个关键词，所以补充的简单一点 30 / 34 精品文档 就是it isn’t a ground-clearing way，译成“这种提问 并没有把问题讲清楚”。 中高级翻译英译汉使用技巧讲解定语从句的翻译 定语从句在英语中大量出现.有长有短,结构有繁有 简,对先行词的限制有强有弱,有时起着补充说明的作用,或 者在逻辑上表示原因,目的,条件,让步和结果等等意义.因 此对定语从句的翻译显得尤其重要,以下我将介绍给大家一 些定语从句翻译的技巧 1) 压缩法 把英语的定语从句压缩成汉语的一个句子成分,也就 是译成汉语中带”的”词组,当定语从句叫简短,则把这个 带”的”汉语定语词组置于被修辞的词语之前 No doubt there are questions or principles involved which can not be ignored a nd underestimated. 无疑,这里涉及人们不能忽视或低估的原则问题 Law offers us our best hope of overcoming the differences that prevail the world. 法律使我们对克服世界上普遍存在的分歧有了最大 的希望 But Miggle’s laugh , which was very infectious , broke the silence.但是,密格尔的富有感染力的笑声打破 31 / 34 精品文档 了沉默 The deterioration of the international situation , which I noted in the introduction to the annual report last year , has continued. 我在去年的年度报告导言中提到的那种国际形势的 恶化一直在继续 2) 拆译法 如果定语从句冗长复杂,不论是限制性的或是非限制 性的,往往可以译成并列句,放在主句的前后,偶尔还可以完 全脱离主句而独立成句 He will show her the place where they could make her look a proper dame----for next to nothing . 他可以带她到那个地方,在哪儿他们会把她打扮成一 个漂亮的少女,而且花不了几个钱I told the news to Robert, who told it to his friend Larry and soon the news spread all over the campus. 我把消息告诉了罗伯特,他又告诉了他的朋友莱里, 消息很快在校园里传开了 They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which in the past ,many Chinese have laid down their lives. 他们在为实现一个理想而奋斗,这个理想是每个中国 32 / 34 精品文档 人所珍爱的,许多中国人曾为之献出自己的生命 He had talked to Vice-President Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 他和副总统尼克松谈过话,副总统向他保证,凡是能 够做到的,一定尽力去办. 3) 转译法 英语中有些定语从句在逻辑上对主句起着状语的作 用,说明原因,目的,结果,条件和让步等等关系.汉译时应从 原文的字里行间审定这些逻辑关系,然后译成汉语相应的偏 正复句. The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships , which require assistance of tugboats. 罢工使远洋轮不能靠岸,因为靠岸需要拖船的帮助 Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries , who will negotiate trade agreement with the respective government. 中国派出贸易代表团前往非洲各国,以便与这些国家 的政府商谈贸易协定 My uncle , who will be seventy tomorrow , is still a keen sportsman .尽管我大伯明天就满70岁了,但他仍然 热衷于户外运动 来源:考试大 33 / 34 精品文档 34 / 34