同义词替换词全集

同义词替换词全集 国内考生常用的表达 更得分的表达方式 名词 things that one tries hard 1 to do one's undertakings/ one's commitments 2 The fact is that… The reality is that… 3 joy happiness/ delight/ enjoyment 4 sadness sorrow/ grief 5 danger hazard/ peril (后面这个词语气很强，危险程度 非同一般) [派生] dangerous;hazardous ?schooling (指学校教育，家庭教育则用 upbringing/ parenting)[区分]家庭教育的两个6 education 词upbringing是从孩子的角度说的，比如 children's upbringing;而parenting是从家长 的角度来说，比如sensible parenting. 如果你写过关于广告的题目，就一定体会过 不停轮换使用advertisement/ advertising有多 郁闷。其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类 细化，比如commercials(电视或者互联网上7 advertisement/ advertising 的广告)，flyers(传单广告，北京最常见的 形式就是“135****，办证”)，billboards (大幅的广告牌)或者non-profit advertisements=public-interest advertisements (公益广告) 8 car automobile economic meltdown(很接近)/recession(这9 economic crisis 个一般仅仅还是衰退)/the Great Depression (这个则是特指1929年开始的那次了) 10 famous people celebrities (单数为celebrity) human beings(备考生使humanity(注意这个词的单数指人类，复数11 用过多) 指人文学科)/the human race fortune(s) (fortune作财富的意思时可以加复12 wealth 数) 13 [相关] rich wealthy/ affluent (adj.) 14 skill ?technique(注意这个词的正确解释是技能 或者方法，而不是technology科技) 15 [派生] skilled adept/ adroit (adj.) methodology (国外学术写作中超级常用的16 method 词，基本就是method的故作高深版) 17 field sphere/ domain/ arena 18 understanding of ? grasp of/ command of 19 choice option 20 cooperation ?collaboration basic structure in a city or 21 a country infrastructure 22 tiredness for a long time fatigue is a prerequisite for (是……的必备先决条23 is a must of 件) ?the information highway(一篇考生作文里24 the Internet Internet被使用十几次是常事儿) 25 honesty ?integrity 26 strong belief faith (in) 27 aim intention 28 worries anxieties (是的，这两个词的确都可以加复数) 29 influence impact/ repercussion/ implication mutual influence(类似的表达还有mutual respect, mutual trust和mutual understanding/ 30 influence on each other interaction between A and B/ interplay between A and B a variety of…/ a wide array of…/ a wide range 31 many different kinds of… of… wrong ideas held by many 32 people misconceptions 33 fame prestige/ sterling reputation 34 range ?spectrum 35 sense ? recognition component (这个词不仅指零件，在学术写36 part 作中也经常指“部分”) 37 wise [相关] sensible (adj.) 38 gap disparity a system for a particular 39 purpose ? a mechanism for„ a remedy for sth. (生活中经常指一种病的治40 a solution to sth. 疗方法，但学术写作中经常用来指某种问题 的解决方法，注意搭配的介词不同) 41 bad students ? unruly students/ disruptive students 42 bad behavior unethical behavior/ immoral behavior organizations that help 43 poor people charities/ charitable organizations 44 difference distinction 45 [派生] be different from be distinct from (adj.) 46 person individual 47 personality ? disposition 48 businesses enterprises(这里指企业) 49 prices that are too high exorbitant prices 50 the rate of… the incidence of…(后面一般跟坏事儿，比如 unemployment/ crime/ a disease) 51 intense enthusiasm zeal/ passion cultural globalization(有52 过多人使用这个词) global cultural homogenization 53 a thing that is necessary a necessity a thing that is new and 54 interesting a novelty 55 a thing that is rare a rarity things that people are not 56 sure about uncertainties 57 a world language a universal language 58 friends companions 59 relaxation ? recreation 60 self-respect ? self-esteem and dignity 61 respect sb./ sth. hold sb./ sth. in high regard 62 [反义] look down on… treat … with contempt = despise (v.) 63 self-control self-discipline 64 criminal convict 65 prisoner inmate 66 drinks ? alcoholic beverages people who walk on the 67 street pedestrians 68 old generations in history ancestors a person who benefits 69 from sth. a beneficiary of sth. a disease that spreads an epidemic (注意这个词虽然是-ic结尾，却70 quickly 不是形容词) a very unpleasant way of 71 life misery a task that requires lots of 72 effort an arduous task 73 emotion ? sentiment 74 enemy ? opponent/ foe 75 narrow minds insular minds (狭隘的头脑或者观念) an approach to doing sth./ an avenue towards 76 a way to do sth. sth. 77 hobby ? pastime/ diversion progression (经常指抽象的进步，比如写关78 progress 于society/ career/ technology的话题) 79 failure setback(注意作名词的时候中间不要加空格) significance(当你用了一次importance之后，80 importance 第二次不妨用这个) 81 duty obligation(用于比较重要的责任) 82 difficulty hindrance/ impediment/ hurdles pressure from your 83 classmates peer pressure labor force/ workforce(都是总体概念，而且84 citizens who can work 注意后面这个词的 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 写法中间没有空格) problems or diseases that 85 exist for a long time persistent problems/ chronic diseases a life without regular 86 exercise a sedentary lifestyle 87 result consequence (表示消极的结果更多一些) 88 thoughts ? considerations ignorance (注意在地道英文里，这个词经常89 the lack of knowledge 并不表示“忽视”，而是表示“无知”) 90 harm (n.) adverse effect damage destroy/ ruin (这两个词比damage 程度更重)spoil(后面跟the cityscape/ scenery/ environment)undermine (后面跟抽象概念，91 harm (vt.) 比如stability/ social order/ harmony) jeopardize (后面跟抽象概念，比如one's future/ one's career)tarnish (后面跟one's reputation/ image)sap/ dampen (后面跟one's enthusiasm/ interest/ confidence) 92 [派生] harmful detrimental (adj.) 93 [派生] be harmful to ? pose a threat to 94 bad luck misfortune 95 trouble adversity/ dilemma/ predicament/ hardship 96 crime offense/ criminal act 97 youth crime ? juvenile delinquency 98 criminal offender/ ? culprit/ ? perpetrator 99 serious crime heinous crime/ felony 100 a minor crime a misdemeanor 101 shortage (of) scarcity (of)/ dearth (of) 102 the only one an exception 103 places where animals live habitat 形容词 104 worrying ? disturbing 105 very popular prevalent/ ubiquitous 106 TRUE genuine (truly a genuinely) 107 deep profound (深刻的，后面经常跟wisdom/ truths/ understanding/ impact/ thoughts) 108 strong powerful/ mighty 109 weak ? vulnerable industrious(注意不是industrial，而diligent那个110 hard-working 词在美语中是个挺大的词) 111 very disappointing lamentable/ pathetic 112 be good (for) be beneficial (to) = be in the best interests (of) 113 be not as good as be inferior to 114 be better than be superior to mundane (注意这个词其实再美国很多时候并115 uninteresting 不是“世俗的”意思/humdrum 116 many numerous(注意要跟可数名词) 117 complicated intricate odd/ bizarre/ eccentric(单weird有点过于口语化118 strange 了) 119 cannot be turned back be irreversible 120 produce useful results productive 121 practical ? realistic sophisticated (这个词指人的时候意思是思维成122 mature 熟老练的) 123 selfish self-centered/ materialistic 124 proud (贬义) conceited 125 suitable fitting 126 most suitable optimal 127 lonely isolated/ alienated 128 alone solitary be easily influenced by be susceptible to sth. (一般是坏事情，比如a 129 sth. disease/ attacks) 130 is better than is superior to 131 not as good as… is inferior to be identical/ be homogenous/ be uniform(后面两 个词比较正式，一般是说cultural globalization132 be the same 的时候常用，现在理解为什么小幅的名词叫 school uniforms了吧，就是让大家都看起来一样 的衣服) 133 interesting ? stimulating 134 boring ? monotonous/ repetitive 135 useless redundant 136 smart intelligent 137 famous renowned 138 positive ? desirable/ encouraging 139 happy delighted 140 enjoyable delightful 141 can be used be available 142 hard to understand bewildering/ baffling/ confusing (laws/ rules/ people) 143 not strict lenient wholesome(注意说人的健康还是要用healthy，144 healthy 但是如果说事物有益健康，就可以用 wholesome) good for the eco-friendly(比如Biking is far more eco-friendly 145 envrionment than driving their SUVs.) 146 nervous/ anxious ? apprehensive 147 doubt sth. be skeptical about sth. 148 fair ? justified 149 unfair ? unwarranted/ unjustifiable 150 huge enormous/ massive/ vast/ colossal 151 small tiny/ miniscule(后面一般跟抽象名词) have many different 152 abilities be versatile/ be well-rounded 153 be familiar with be well-acquainted with very successful/ 154 admirable distinguished 155 proper appropriate 156 typical quintessential (这个语气非常强) 157 exact precise/ ? accurate 158 ugly unsightly substandard (housing/ accommodation/ work/ 159 poor-quality goods/ machines) the current…/ the existing…(比如the current 160 the present… financial crisis/ the existing environmental problems) 161 outdated antiquated/ obsolete 162 highly-respected esteemed 163 complete(adj.)/ whole entire 164 spend a lot of money lead an extravagant/ a lavish life 165 open enlighted/ progressive (开明的，逐步的，经常 用来形容govern-ment 或者society) 166 sth. must be carried out sth. is compulsory/ sth. is mandatory 167 with long history time-honored(后面经常跟抽象名词，比如 tradition/ practice/ methods/ heritage) 168 continuing forever perpetual significant essential vital(这三个词的重要169 important 性依次递增) 170 very attractive very appealing/ fascinating/ captivating 171 very careful cautious 172 be very interested in be absorbed in/ be engrossed in 173 be qualified for be eligible for 174 disappointing frustrating 175 wrong erroneous long and a bit 176 annoying lengthy 177 very difficult daunting/ formidable being spread in rampant (后面经常跟负面现象，比如crime, 178 uncontrolled way pollution 或者discrimination) 179 cruel ? inhumane/ merciless 180 fat overweight/ obese(后面这个已经胖出病了) skewed/ biased (这两个词一般在IELTS媒体类181 having wrong opinions 话题使用，表示“有偏见的”) 182 including many things comprehensive (综合的，全面的) adequate/ sufficient/ ample/ abundant(注意这四个183 enough 词的语气是逐渐递增的) 184 too much excessive 185 very little minimal (注意不是minimum) counterproductive (其实地道英文写作里这个词186 cause bad effects 不见得和生产有关，只要阻止人们达到目的，都 可以写它counterproductive) 187 strict stringent (后面一般跟laws, measures或者rules) 188 urgent pressing (problems) tranquil and serene (美语中这两个词经常可以连189 quiet 在一起用) 动词 190 make sth. strong strengthen/ fortify/ reinforce/ consolidate sth. 191 make sth. weak weaken/ erode (侵蚀) enhance/ better(很少看到国内考生用better当动192 make sth. better 词，其实在学术写作中better sth.是挺常见的表 达 ) 193 make sth. worse aggravate/ exacerbate sth. control…(a negative 194 trend) curb…(crime/ pollution/ economic recessions) 195 stop cease 196 manage sth. ? regulate sth./oversee sth. emerge/ arise (后者的主语一般是抽象概念，比197 appear 如debate) 198 die out go extinct 199 fail to see neglect/ overlook 200 set…free release (prisoners/ stress) commence/ initiate (后者跟抽象概念更多，比如201 begin initiate the conflict) narrow/ bridge the gap 202 between A and B(注意 这里bridge作动词) [反义] widen the gap between A and B 203 be forced to do sth. be compelled to do sth. keep complaining 204 about sth. grumble about sth. 205 try hard to do sth. ?pursue sth.(one's goal/one's career/ business interests/ maximum profit/ hegemony) ? perform/ conduct (注意这里的perform不206 do sth. 是“表演”而是“从事”) 207 do not do sth. refrain from doing sth. 208 carry out implement 209 turn…into… convert…to/ into… 210 decrease decline/ dwindle(特指逐渐缓慢的减少)/ dip/ slip (后两个词用来指短促的下降) commit a crime(注意作文中不要用make a crime211 make a crime 这样不地道的英文) 212 commit a crime again revert to crime (这里的crime作不可数名词) 213 punish penalize 214 [派生]punishment penalty propagate/ disseminate (这两个词后面经常跟215 spread information/ ideas/ belief这类名词) 216 develop fast flourish/ thrive develop (这里作“培217 cultivate/ foster/ nurture(这三个词后面经常跟和养”的意思 教育有关的名词，比如an interest in social issues) 218 [相关]fast-developing burgeoning adopt(注意这个词不是adapt适应，而是接纳，219 accept 采纳的意思) 220 build construct garner，但这个词只能用在很正式的意思，而且221 gather 略有贬义，比如garner funding, garner support during the UN climate conference at Copenhagen 222 measure gauge, 比measure稍正式一点 ?impart sth./ inculcate sth.(注意如果223 teach sth. teach后面是人则不要替换) 224 start initiate 多用于政府类话题 espouse，后面跟某种重要的事业，类似的还有225 support 动词champion(作动词不是冠军的意思了)和 动词sanction(它作名词则变成了“制裁”) 226 praise ? compliment/ extol(后面这个语气很强) 227 support ? buttress/ bolster 228 prove/ confirm verify generate(一般是大规模的产生，比如generate employment opportunities/ generate tax revenue/ 229 create electricity) breed(一般是产生消极的东西，比如 conflict/ crime/ resentment)spawn(一般是产生 新事物，比如spawn inventions/ innovations) 230 use ? utilize/exploit 231 use…again recycle 232 work hard work assiduously ? acquire(注意acquire/ gain knowledge比233 get learn knowledge在地道英文中更加常见) 234 consider contemplate/ reflect on/ ponder encounter，多用于政府，文化或者success这样235 meet 偏大一些的话题 afford sth. (在正式英文写作中，afford经常可236 provide sth. 以表示“提供” 237 need require(注意主语如果是人称则一般还需要使用 need，但如果主语是事物，则可以改用require) ? have an affinity for sth./ have a strong 238 like sth. very much attachment to sth. 239 be unhappy about complain about (v.)/ be discontended with (adj.) 240 ask for request elevate，就是正式版的raise，但只是“提高”而241 raise 不能表示抚养小孩的意思 242 look like sth. resemble sth. 243 treat…poorly mistreat…/ abuse… 244 consider sth. valuable value sth./ treasure sth./ cherish sth. ? maintain/ preserve(这个词后面经常跟 245 keep traditions/ cultural heritage/ wild animals/ natural resources等) 246 mix… together blend/ combine/ synthesize 247 solve tackle/ combat/ address 248 notice discern understand… to interpret…as…(很多时候这个词并不是口译，249 mean…/ to be… 而是把…理解为……) choose sth./ choose to 250 do sth. opt for sth./ opt to do sth. 251 achieve fulfill (one's dream/ one's goal/ one's potential/ one's obligation/ one's promise/ one's task) appear in large 252 numbers sprout up/ mushroom relieve/ ease/ alleviate(作文中经常用到的搭配有253 make… less serious relieve stress/ alleviate poverty/ ease the traffic congestion等) 254 pay…for (one's loss) compensate…for… 255 pay…for (one's effort) reward…for… 256 make sth. faster accelerate sth./ speed up sth. 257 join participate in prevail over(大家应该已经注意到了，新托福议 论文的题目中经常出现outweight这个词用来比258 outweight 较事物的重要性或者利弊，在作文中最好不要重 复考题中出现过的特征词汇) promote/ facilitate(这两个词都是及物动词，所259 contribute to 以不需要跟to) prevent the 260 development of… hinder/impede/ inhibit/ obstruct… 261 find out ? identify 262 encourage sb. to… ?motivate sb. to„ 263 like sth. very much adore sth. 264 dislike sth. very much abhor/ detest/ loathe 265 hate resent/ hold a grudge against 266 limit restrict/ constrain 267 avoid ? bypass/ eschew/ shun is not restricted to…/ is not confined to…(经常用268 is not limited to… 来描述一个trend不仅限于某个范围) 269 be so surprised be astonished/ be astounded/ be startled 270 decide determine 271 move to… relocate to…/ have been relocated to… 272 come from… originate from/ in… boost/ enhance(比如boost solidarity增进团结/ 273 improve enhance productivity提高生产率) 274 waste use… lavishly 275 attack assail (语气更强烈) curtail(多用于政府投资类话题)/diminish(多276 reduce 用于文化类或者发展类中的抽象话题) 277 increase augment(多用于政府投资类话题) 278 help assist 279 help (n.) assistance 280 set up establish 281 try to do sth. attempt to do sth. make a strenuous/ an arduous/ a painstaking effort 282 try hard to do sth. to do sth. 283 change alter fundamentally change…/ radically change…/ 284 change… a lot transform… 285 solve address/ combat 286 correct (vt.) rectify (a mistake) 287 take down demolish/ raze(谈到拆老建筑的时候常用) abide by/ comply with/ conform to (后面跟the 288 obey law/ rules/ regulations等) 289 ban ban… altogether/ strictly prohibit… condemn/ denounce(这两个词一般用于政府类话290 criticize 题，但不要用在教育类) show an upward trend/ be on the rise反义:show a 291 increase downward trend hinge on= be contingent on(意思是:取决292 depend on 于 ……) 293 depend on rely on(意思是:依靠……) 294 deal with cope with 295 do one's best to do sth. commit oneself to doing sth./ strive to do sth./ do one's utmost to do sth./ spare no effort to do sth. exhaust (energy/ resources)/ stretch (resources) to 296 use up the limit report the details of 297 sth. report sth. In graphic detail prevent sb. from 298 focusing on… distract sb. from… ? dedicate A to B 299 spend A on B 300 use too much… stretch… to the limit/ put a strain on… 301 pour discharge(排放，环境类话题常用，比如discharge chemical waste into rivers, streams and lakes) 302 get used to get accustomed to 303 die out go extinct 304 continue to exist persist 305 come with… be attended by / be accompanied by… expand one's outlook/ enlarge one's vision 306 broaden one's horizons (broaden one's horizons这个句型已经被考生使 用过多惨遭贬值) 307 break the law violate the law 308 put sb. In prison incarcerate sb. 309 make laws against… legislate against… legislation (名词，注意law在特指具体的法律时310 [相关]law 可以用复数，但是legislation不能用复数) stimulate (后面经常跟imagination/ creativity/ 311 make sth. active interest/ economic growth等词汇) make one's dream 312 come true fulfill one's potential/ attain one's goal have the right to do 313 sth. be entitled to do sth. 314 lead to change in act as a catalyst for change in… adhere to/ cling to (注意后面这个有时候略带贬315 stick to 义) 316 deal with the need meet the demand/ satisfy the need 317 take… away from sb. deprive sb. of…(省略号中可以填入freedom/ leisure time/ the right to等值得拥有的内容) 318 give sb. the ability to enable sb. to 319 get a clear idea of get a clear perspective of go astray(作文中如果写青少年“误入歧途”，320 be lost 就不要再写get lost) spend too much time 321 be addicted to/ be preoccupied with/ be obsessed on with (这三个词组的语气越来越强) 322 prepare for… pave the way for…/ lay the groundwork for…/ lay a solid foundation for…(为……打好基础) 323 break the balance upset the balance strike a balance between A and B (在A 和B之间324 balance A and B 争取一种平衡) 325 catch capture 326 think of… as regard…as/ view…as/perceive…as 327 get rid of eliminate/ remove 328 get rid of abolish(多用于政府类话题，废除) drive up(后面经常跟the crime rate/ 329 make… higher unemployment rate) 副词 Increasingly +adj. 但要注意如果后面不是adj. 而是noun, 那么就可以用an increasing number 330 more and more +adj. of (跟可数名词)/ an increasing amount of(跟 不可数名词)来代替 331 mainly primarily/ principally/ chiefly 332 In the old days,… Traditionally,…/ Historically,… 333 now ? currently ? Technically,„(严格来说它的意思并不是334 Actually,… “事实上”，但在学术写作中它是一个表示“精 确地说”非常帮的词语) 335 very soon immediately 336 not often at all rarely 337 completely entirely do sth. without careful 338 thought do sth. Impulsively indiscriminately(不加选择的)/mechanically(机339 blindly 械的) ? merely (注意只有a little/ a bit后面跟340 only 形容词的时候才可以这样替换) somewhat (注意只有a little/ a bit后面跟形容词341 a little/ a bit 的时候才可以这样替换) 342 mainly primarily/ principally/ chiefly 短语或句型 regarding/ concerning/ with respect to/ with regard 343 about to 344 before… prior to… a handful of (请注意仅指少数时a couple of容易345 a few 被挑剔的考官判为过于口语化) Although…, the real Hypothetically,…/ Theoretically,…/ In theory/ 346 situation is… Ideally,...?But in reality, …/ But in actuality,…/ But in practice,…(Ideally 指“理想化地说”) Young people tend to…=Young people typically… 347 Most young people… (tend to 和typically都是表示某一类人多半会怎 样做的常用表达) 348 needs to be changed is crying out for reform(固定短语) 349 be punished by the law be brought to justice 350 do sth. together make a concerted effort to do sth. It is common for sb. 351 to… It is standard practice for sb. to… 352 is based on… is predicted on… have no choice but have no option but to…/ have no alternative but 353 to… to… 354 be worth the effort be worthwhile 355 and so on etc.(前面可加逗号) 356 become more than exceed/ surpass 357 grow fast grow dramatically/ soar/ rocket 358 fall fast fall drastically/ plunge/ plummet 359 much higher considerably/ substantially/ significantly higher marginally higher/ slightly higher/ fractionally 360 a little higher higher 361 is closely connected is intrinsically linked to… 362 through by way of (介词短语) 363 on the whole overall due to/ owing to(新托福作文中这两个词组后面364 because of 经常是跟负面含义的名词) 365 before (时间) prior to in this regard/ in this respect (这里不是尊重的意366 in this aspect 思，而是指某方面) notwithstanding(请注意这三个词都是后面不惜367 despite/ in spite of 紧跟名词或者名词短语，而不可以直接跟从句) as a matter of fact ? in essence/ essentially (in 368 in fact essence/ essentially 的意思是“本质上”) 369 besides apart from 370 about/ around approximately 371 It is obvious that… It is evident that… 372 sth. stops. sth. comes to a standstill 373 be similar to… be akin to…(学术写作中相当常见的句型) 374 A is as … as B B is … A is equally… 375 It is impossible that… It is highly unlikely that… A has rendered B+adj./ n. (这里的宾语B 后面376 A has made B+adj./n. 只能是跟形容词或者名词) A has promoted/ impelled sb. to do sth. (注意这377 A has made B do sth. 两个词后面的宾语之后不能省略to) sth. does not always sth. is not carved in stone (某事物并非一成不378 remain the same. 变) The proportion of… is very high. (……的比例很379 A high percentage of… 高) can be attributed to/ can be ascribed to…(可以归380 The cause of … is … 因于……) regardless of/ irrespective of(注意no matter后面381 no matter 一般跟从句，而regardless of和irrespective of后 面多数时候跟名词或者名词短语) talking about…/ in terms of… (经常用来限制一个命题的适用范382 speaking of 围，比如In terms of culture, this city is fascinating. But in terms of traffic, it is inferior.)