99式改主战坦克（99 type changed main battle tank）

99式改主战坦克（99 type changed main battle tank） 99式改主战坦克(99 type changed main battle tank) The 99 type converted main battle tank is the improved type of 98 (99) type main battle tank. The main improvements are as follows: 1, the power of the domestic 150HB turbocharged, medium cooled high-power diesel engine (1500 horsepower) and new efficient transmission system, the largest highway speed of 80 km / h. 2, turret front and side are based on the original composite main armor on the installation of a new double wedge anti reaction additional armor, with the excellent bulletproof appearance, the body also uses composite armor, anti missile ability has been greatly improved. Body and turret protection is equivalent to 800 and 1000 mm thick armor. In addition, improvements should be made in ammunition, fire control, and digitization. Test of the early type 98 chariot. The loader rear hatch covered objects is the 98 type single Blinding Laser attack system The turret is equipped with a laser receiver / warning device. Notice the mounting hard points on the front of the turret with additional armor. The 99 version of the turret front uses a leopard like two A5 arrow cluster armor, which increases its protection capability, while the front is equipped with a number of additional armor. Model 99 type main Chariot China / Northern Industries Corp. Country of use China Body size (m), length 7.3 (without barrel), /11 (including barrel), width 3.4, height 2 (to roof) Combat weight (ton) 51 Engine / horsepower 150HB or Perkins Engines CV-12-1200 TCA 12V or 6DT-3 diesel engine or WD396 diesel engine * 1/1200 The thrust weight ratio (ton/ HP) 23.53 Speed (km/hr) 65 Endurance (km) 450 Occupant 3 The main armed armed: ZPT-98 125mm 48 * 1 times the diameter of the smoothbore gun Sub arm: Type-85 12.7mm air defense machine guns * 1 Type-59 7.62mm coaxial machine guns * 1 94 type smoke screen launcher * 10 After the mid 1980s, China's chariot development developed by leaps and bounds. In addition to the original 80 style, greatly improved 85 type and newer type 90, China's own "ace" car species has another person. To celebrate the 50th anniversary in October 1, 1999 Chinese JianZheng, through Tiananmen Square parade team, there are 18 vehicles unprecedented new vehicles to attract worldwide attention. Initially, the west thought that the first exposure of the chariot was a "96" or "90-II" type of China's own production vehicles, but later learned that it was a brand-new chariot, called "98", numbered WZ-123 or ZTZ-98. 98 and the Russian T-72 and T-80 have a considerable degree of origin of chariot technology, T-72 is already a reference object China Type 90 /MBT-2000, but more advanced T-80U is in 1995 by Russia to show China, naturally become one of the important source of future type 98; for example, the chassis and the T-80U 98 type is simply as like as two peas. Even so, the overall configuration and detailed structure of the 98 type are quite different from those of the Russian chariot, such as the square welded turret developed from the 85 series. In 1989, the development of the third generation China authorities signed a contract with the main tank northern industrial company, from 1990 1992 and made a prototype test, in 1998 last year should be set in accordance with the stereotypes, called the type 98, but was officially named in 99. Compared to the previous 85/90 chariot, The most recognizable part of the exterior of the 98 type chariot is the V shaped projectile plate of the front. This design was previously seen in the Russian T-72 chariot, primarily designed to prevent shrapnel from hitting the turret rings along the front. Square configuration using 85-II M 98 turret type China tanks used since the front and front turret, using the latest technology China modular composite armor, it is believed by the steel, ceramics, glass fiber sandwich, when necessary, can also add a high explosive reactive armor (ERA), the 98 type is the best China door the ability of the chariot. In addition, the fighting style has 98 interior wall paint from the anti radiation 90-II enabled, in addition to laying to prevent being hit after lining shell, shrapnel or shock caused by armored car caving debris in scattered and occupant injury. The car is equipped with more than 98 turret previous type 90 is slightly larger, but also with the body produce a larger gap, a door on the weakness of shell fragments may thus into and destroy the turret ring. Power, 98 type tanks equipped with a 1200 horsepower diesel engine, but there are several types of argument: the first is the 150HB series diesel engine China self-developed, reportedly from Germany's MTU MB871 imitation KA501, but whether the utility has yet to be confirmed; second is that use the western power kit 90. Including the Perkins engine company (Perkins Engines) CV-12-1200 TCA 12V diesel engine and the French company SESM ESM 500 automatic gearbox (five forward and two reverse speeds), but this combination should be excluded; third is the German WD396 diesel engine, in addition there is also news that the type 98 prototype in during the test was made in Ukraine 6TD-3 diesel engine, the engine may output were 1200 horsepower. The gearbox, the more credible argument is still used in 98 type planetary gear box hydraulic auxiliary manual transmission in the past, has 7 forward and 1 reverse gears, but there are 98 problems during the test has encountered a lot of news transmission. The 98 type of combat weight increased to 51ton, is currently the most China chariot, with Japan's 90 largest speed 65km/hr be roughly the same type, road, off-road speed 47km, rely on the car fuel endurance is 450km, installation of car fuel tank after increased to 600km. The 98 type bearing system layout and T-80 are very similar to each of the six sides of the bearing wheel (but bearing wheel appearance similar to T-72), is believed to use a torsion bar suspension system, first, second, fifth, sixth on the bearing wheel is also provided with a hydraulic shock absorber; in addition, the 98 style track and nacelle cooling and gate similar to T-80. The engine compartment of the 98 type is larger than the 96 type, so that the length of the vehicle body is slightly increased, and the distance between the wheel paths is also different. Type 98 fire control system with 85-II M, 90-II is more sophisticated, the use of digital technology, in addition to the integrated biaxial stabilization system and the gunner aiming instrument (including laser rangefinder), digital ballistic computer, atmospheric sensing device, but also increase the infrared thermal imaging instrument, which can greatly enhance the fighting force, and this a letter from Chinese Xian technical cooperation with Pakistan Khalid (Al Khalid) tank. 98 the commander with independent collimator, commander, gunner sight have day / night and laser rangefinder, may have a Killer/Killer function. In addition, the 98 type of commander, gunner sight with TVT automatic tracking device, similar to Japanese type 90; when the thermal imager found the target, then press the button by the gunner or commander, fire control system will automatically start to accurately track the target, will keep it in the sight line observer. In addition, the type 98 is equipped with a global positioning system GPS and the new VHF-2000 GPS integration for tactical radio, the fire control system, can always display the location of the vehicle in the chariot, and through the tactical radio system returns to the superior command unit. The first hit rate of Type 98 is 80%, while the second is increased to 95%. Laser warning / 98 type equipment is the most unique integrated active anti system, with the western development in recent years, the Russian tanks of the active defense system is quite different, is currently 98 exclusive. JD-3 includes a rear turret is equipped with a laser warning system (Laser Warning (Receiver, LWR), and a special loader rear hatch blinding laser transmitter (Laser Self-defence Weapon, LSDW), and the automatic control system. When the LWR receives the enemy laser calibration signal, the system will automatically be transferred to the source of the laser turret azimuth, and then start LSDW; LSDW to target emission low energy laser, to calibrate the position according to the laser echo, is locked after laser blinding to destroy the enemy's high-energy emission photoelectric sensors, and even make other operators blind. The maximum elevation angle of the LSDW launcher is higher than that of the main gun, and can even be used against enemy helicopters. In addition, LSDW is believed to be used as a low energy mode for signal communication in the workshop. Compared to the 85 type 90-II and six type 84 mounted smoke grenade launchers, 98 for two sets of Wulian installed 94 type smoke grenade launchers, were placed on both sides of the turret, which is one of the appearance characteristics of 98 type tanks, the smoke may also be combined with the vehicle active defense system, found immediately after the launch of automatic threat. In addition to the laser warning / active counter system, early data also points out that the 98 will be equipped with JD-3 type blind type infrared counter system, can emit infrared jamming pulse to counter infrared guided anti tank missiles, but from the actual photo Type 98 to see this equipment. Armed, equipped with newly developed type 98 Chinese ZPT-98 125mm 51 times the diameter smoothbore gun, as well as supporting the automatic loading system. The first Western thought ZPT-98 was modified from the Russian made 2A46 125mm 48 times the diameter smoothbore gun (previously 85-II M, 90-II will be equipped with this gun China generic version), then the message is pointed out that the source of ZPT-98 in the development of new counting Chinese 120mm smoothbore gun. ZPT-98 Chinese can launch the latest development of the decay of uranium bomb core wing drag penetrator shell stability (APFSDS), said the penetration ability of the most advanced 120mm and western the bomb be roughly the same in addition, 98 type tanks; can also use the Aphe (HEAT), he-frag (HE-FRAG) and similar gun laser shot Russian AT-11 guided anti tank missile. The 98 type is still using the Russian automatic loading system has a capacity of 22 from 85-IIM, the rotary cabin located below the turret ring, the turret crew sitting in the bomb bay, explosion-proof door and between the cabin and the battle tank, so the safety of the main stream as Europe and the United States first chariot. The maximum theoretical rate of fire of 98 type about 8 rounds / minute, This is the gun when the actual value of the fixed, it must also take into account the fire control system effectiveness, gun pitch adjustment and proficiency of the personnel and other factors, in general the main gun after about 10 to 12 seconds to return to the loading position. Sub armed, the use of 98 Type-85 12.7mm air defense machine guns, and continue to use the original 96 style Type-59 7.62mm coaxial machine gun. Research is still 98, after setting 98 type modified (98G) of the front turret with arrow type similar to the German Leopard two A5 armor, bullet shape and protective ability were significantly improved, in addition is also said to dress more reliable and better performance of modified autoloader, second generation thermal imaging instrument and update type. In the future, China will also test the new 1500 horsepower engine on the 98 model (possibly 150HB or 6DT series of improved type), when its maneuverability will be greatly improved. Chinese chariot development so far, has been gradually jump off the Russian tanks shadow, the overall technical level nor the old part has the ability of an ignorant person, and not much difference between the West and Russia's most advanced level. Although the performance of the 98 model is superior to any kind of chariot developed in China, it is very precise and expensive, so it is impossible for the PLA to change completely. Therefore, the future development of a new generation of Chinese main tank will use level of collocation pattern, with a greater number of cheaper type 96 (power, fire control and 98 armored type low level) as the backbone, the more expensive the type 98 is only focused on the deployment. At the end of 2001, the first batch of 40 98G chariots began to equip the PLA's armored forces. The West estimates that China will produce 98G at about 20 cars a year starting in 2000, so by 2004, China had 80 to 100 vehicles, but in fact, it was still unclear. Incidentally, the type 96 and Type 98 is very similar, the difference consists of 98 type JD-3 laser active anti system, nacelle cooling grid, bearing wheel spacing and 98 type V type front bulletproof steel; the front turret with arrow type armor 98G it's easy to recognize the. The army of Taiwan, China made performance over M-60A3, CM-11 tanks and other main car is there appeared from 85-II M after the problem, from the late 1990s due to type 96, Type 98 was formally put into production and make the problem surfaced; however, due to Taiwan's limited defense budget in recent years, most of the investment from Yu Hai air force. Always missed the new facelift main tank. However, due to China amphibious Energy Limited, to carry a sufficient number of new vehicles in the war victory during the landing; in fact, when the Chinese mechanized troops aggressively send the island of Taiwan or Islands, said Taiwan has lost the air and sea, ending defeat was generally decided. Therefore Chinese new main battle tanks in Taiwan the threat of substantial meaning and not so great. However, in order to avoid the happening of the 98 type such as new vehicles after landing in Taiwan can not effectively suppress the situation, Taiwan is still the best to try and related equipment to enhance the chariot forces; but I think more important is blinding laser system 98 type tanks on display China R & D, the future of this kind of equipment should not be placed in the 98 type tanks on the turret.