the nature of business

the nature of business Business is the human activity related to material things. it is necessary for civilization. it is found in all societies,even the simplest ones. business may include the production of goods:making airplanes,building buildings,and constructing paper boxes are examples of production.it can also provide the financing for these activities. lending money,trading stocks and bonds,and selling insurance policies relate to the securing of capital for business activities. other forms of business include merchandising,which is the selling of products,and providing various services,such as accounting,distributing and repairs. business,then,is the activity of producing and distributing goods and services.企是人活有的物的西。是文明的必要。它存在于所有社会,即使业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 是最的。可能包括商品生:机制造,建筑楼宇,建盒生的例子。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 它也可以些活提供金。借,股票和券,并推保政策业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业及到金安全涉 的活。其他形式的包括售,是品售,并提供各服,如会,业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 分和修。,那,是生和售的商品和服的活。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 In our study of business, it is necessary to understand the four basic factors of production. These four factors are land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. What is meant by these four terms ? 在我的学,有必要了解生的四个基本要素。四个因素是土地,业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 力,本和企家精神。何四个条件业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业? In order to produce things, it is necessary to use land. Here, the term land is used in the most general way. It refers not only to a piece of real estate where we might build a factory, but it also means all the raw materials used for production. Some of these raw materials are found on the earth's surface, such as trees, which yield wood for lumber. Other raw materials are found under the earth's surface in mines and oil wells, and still other raw materials may be extracted from the air. All the raw materials for production come from the land, the air, and the oceans. 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业了生的西,它是需要使用土地。在里,的土地用在最一般的方法。 它不指的房地一,我可能建立一个工厂,但它也意味着所有的用于业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 生的原料。其中一些原材料被在地球的 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 面,如木,于木材量业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 木材。其他原料在地球上的山和油井的表面,有其他原料可从空气中提取业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 的。所有用于生的原材料来自于地,空中和海洋。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 Labor refers to the use of mental or physical work to produce goods. Most labor changes raw materials into finished products and then distributes these to buyers. In industrialized countries, labor is generally more mental than physical. For example, in both manufacturing and agriculture, machines accomplish the very tiring physical work that unskilled laborers used to do.业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业是指精神或身体的工作来生商品。大多数成成品原料,然后分些家。在 工化国家,通常比身体心理。例如,在制造和,机械完成的工作,业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 非常辛苦物理用来做非熟者。业业业业业 In other countries, computers programmed robots and other forms of data processing equipment perform many of the jobs which used to require a lot of mental labor. Therefore, to a certain extent the next factor, capital, can be used to replace labor or reduce the amount of physical and mental labor that humans have to use in order to conduct business. 在其他国家,程机器人和行加工,以前的工作需要大量的力多其业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 他形式的数据。因此,在一定程度上未来的因素,金,可以用来替代或减少体力和业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 力,人必使用,以行量。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 In everyday language, capital means several things. The most general meaning is wealth or money. But it also refers to the equipment that money purchases . As one of the basic factors of production, capital is all of the things that workers use in production and distribution. It includes their tools, machines, and buildings such as factories and warehouses where goods are produced and stored. Capital, therefore, refers to anything that helps to produce and distribute goods. 在日常用中,本是指几件事情。最一般意上是富或金。但它也指业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 的。作生的基本因素之一,本是工人的事情,在生和售使用所业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 有。它包括工厂,行商品的生,存,他的工具,机器和建筑物。本,业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 因此,是指任何有助于生和售商品。业业业业业业业 Putting together land, labor, and capital to make something of value, is called entrepreneurship. The entrepreneur is the person responsible for controlling and directing the other three factors. The entrepreneur does not make things with his own hands unless he is also a worker. In a business the workers take orders from the entrepreneur. He is the leader, and the employees follow his direction.放在一起土地,力,本,使有价的西,被称企家精神。企家是人控业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 制和指其他三个因素。企家不作他自己的手中的西,除非他也是一业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 名工人。在一家企的工人从者的命令。他是,工跟随他的方向。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 Entrepreneurship includes some other important activities. The entrepreneur is responsible for initiating business activity. He must begin his business by bringing together the land, labor, and capital. Next, he must manage the business by deciding the general polices for business operation. In order to be successful, an entrepreneur must also be innovative . He must look for new products or new ways of making things, and new methods of distribution, or he must offer new services. He must be able to decide on the value of things that other people invent, whether it is a new toy, a new method of filing, or a new way of advertising. Finally, he bears all the risks of the business. 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业包括其他一些重要的活。企家是企起活。他必首先集了土地,力和本的。 接下来,他必管理,决定商运作的一般政策。了得成功,企家也必业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业新。他必找新的品或制造品的新途径,新方法和分配,否他必提 供新的服。他必能事物的价决定,其他人明,不它是一个新玩具,业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 新方法的申,或新的广告方式。最后,他承担了全部的。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 Everyone connected with a business shares in the risks of the business. When a company goes bankrupt , that is, becomes unable to pay its debts, it causes problems for many 10 people. It is hard for the employees who may have to seek work elsewhere; the customers must look for another place to buy the products; creditors usually lose some of the money to the company. But the entrepreneur takes the biggest risk if the business succeeds or fails. He must pay them up to the limit of his ability to pay. If he is skillful—and lucky—the money he receives from his business venture will pay for the land, labor, and capital, and there will still be some extra money remaining for him. This extra money is the profit. If the money he receives from the business venture is not enough to pay all of the costs, the difference is a loss. 每个人都接在一个企的企的股份。当公司破,即无力,它会致多业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业10业业业业人的。 是的工可能要在其他地方找工作,客必找其他地方的品业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业;业业业业业业业业业业人通常会失一些公 司。但最大的企家需要如果企成功或失。他必支付他到他的支付能业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 力极限。如果他善于和幸运,他的,他从商公司将支付土地,力和本接收,业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 并仍然会有一些多余的他剩下的。外的就是利。如果的生意,他从没有业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 收到足支付所有的用,所不同的是一失。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 The Nature of Business 1. Business is the human activity related to material things. It is necessary for civilization. It is found in all societies, even the simplest ones. Business may include the production of goods: Making airplanes, building buildings, and constructing paper boxes are examples of production. It can alsoprovide the financing for these activities. Lending money, trading stocks and bonds, and selling insurance policies relate to the securing of capital for business activities. Other forms of business include merchandising , which is the selling of products, and providing various services, such as accounting,distributing , and repairs. Business, then, is the activity of producing and distributing goods and services. 2. In our study of business, it is necessary to understand the four basic factors of production. These four factors are land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. What is meant by these four terms 3. In order to produce things, it is necessary to use land. Here, the term land is used in the most general way. It refers not only to a piece of real estate where we might build a factory, but it also means all the raw materials used for production. Some of these raw materials are found on the earth’ssurface, such as trees, which yield wood for lumber. Other raw materials are found under the earth’s surface in mines and oil wells, and still other raw materials may be extracted from the air. All the raw materials for production come from the land, the air, and the oceans. 4. Labor refers to the use of mental or physical work to produce goods. Most labor changes raw materials into finished products and then distributes these to buyers. In industrialized countries, labor is generally more mental than physical. For example, in both manufacturing and agriculture, machinesaccomplish the very tiring physical work that unskilled laborers used to do.5. In other countries, computers programmed robots and other forms of data processing equipment perform many of the jobs which used to require a lot of mental labor. Therefore, to a certain extent the next factor, capital, can be used to replace labor or reduce the amount of physical and mental laborthat humans have to use in order to conduct business. 6. In everyday language, capital means several things. The most general meaning is wealth or money. But it also refers to the equipment that money purchases . As one of the basic factors of production, capital is all of the things that workers use in production and distribution. It includes their tools,machines, and buildings such as factories and warehouseswhere goods are produced and stored. Capital, therefore, refers to anything that helps to produce and distribute goods. 7. Putting together land, labor, and capital to make something of value, is called entrepreneurship. The entrepreneur is the person responsible for controlling and directing the other three factors. The entrepreneur does not make things with his own hands unless he is also a worker. In a business theworkers take orders from the entrepreneur. He is the leader, and the employees follow his direction. 8. Entrepreneurship includes some other important activities. The entrepreneur is responsible for initiating business activity. He must begin his business by bringing together the land, labor, and capital. Next, he must manage the business by deciding the general polices for business operation. In orderto be successful, an entrepreneur must also be innovative . He must look for new products or new ways of making things, and new methods of distribution, or he must offer new services. He must be able to decide on the value of things that other people invent, whether it is a new toy, a new method of filing, or a new way of advertising. Finally, he bears all the risks of the business. 9. Everyone connected with a business shares in the risks of the business. When a company goes bankrupt , that is, becomes unable to pay its debts, it causes problems for many people. It is hard for the employees who may have to seek work elsewhere; the customers must look for another place to buy the products; creditors usually lose some of the money to the company. But the entrepreneur takes the biggest risk if the business succeeds or fails. He must pay them up to thelimit of his ability to pay. If he is skillful—and lucky—the money he receives from his business venture will pay for the land, labor, and capital, and there will still be some extra money remaining for him. This extra money is the profit. If the money he receives from the business venture is not enough to pay all of the costs, the difference is the loss. 业业业业 商的性 1 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业商是与物相的人活。商人文明是必要的。它存在于所有社会 形中,即使是最的社会。商会包括商品生,例如制造机、修建房业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业屋和生盒。它也包括生活提供金融政服。如款、股票和券交易、业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业售有取商本的保。其他形式的商包括交易,是售品和提供 各服,例如会、分和修。所以,商是生和售商品以及服的活。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业2 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业我研究商,有必要了解生的四个基本要素。四个因素是土地、 力、本和企家素。四个是业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业什意思呢, 3 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业要想生西,使用土地是必的。里,土地个被广使用。它不指我 业业业业业业业业业业业业可能建工厂的一房地,而且指所有 用于生的所有原材料。我一些原材料在地球表面,如用来生木材的业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业木。其他原材料在地表下面,在山和油井里,有其他原料,可以 从空气中提取。所有用于生的原材料都来自于土地、空气和海洋。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业4 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业力是指使用力和体力来生商品。大部分力用在把原材料成品和分业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业些品到家的程。在工化国家中,一般是力多于体力。例如, 在制造和上,机器完成那些非常业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业累人的体力工作,而去常由没什技能的人去做。5 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业在另外一些国家,机器人程序,有其他形式的数据理做多去耗大量力的工作。因此,在一定程度上,下一个因素,本,可以用来业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业取代力或减少人用于商活的体力和力的数量。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业 6 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业在日常用中,本有几意思。最普通的意思是富或金。但它也指的。作生的基本要素之一,本指工人用于生和分商品的一业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业切西。它包括工具、机器、建筑物,例如工厂和生、存商品的。因此,本指业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业帮助生和售商品的一切业业业西。 7 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业把土地、力、本整合成有价的西,就是所的企家素。企家是指 控制和指其他三个因素的人。企家不用自己业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业干活,除非他也是一名工人。在商中,工人行企家的命令。他是人,工业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业听他指。 8 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业企家素包括其他一些重要活。企家启商活。他必通整合土地、业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业力和本来,他必通商运作做大的决策来管理企步始他的。下一。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业了成功,企家必新。他必求新品或新的生方法,新的 分方式或提供新的服。他必能业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业判断人明造的价,不它是一个新 玩具,一个新的业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业档方法,或一新的广告方式。最后,他承担的所有。9 业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业每个与相的人都分担的。当公司破,也就是,公司没有能力 付其,多人会有业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业麻。工会很困地到找工作,客必找其他地方业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业品,人通常会失去投公司的一些。但是,无成功或失,企家承担的最大。他必业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业竭尽所能支付。如果他精明能干、运气好,那,他从公司中得的在支付土地、力和本之后,有一些多余的。业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业笔外款就是利。如果他从公司中得的,不足以支付所有的成本用,那,个业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业业差就是。