宾语从句课件

宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素：连接词时态语序（一）连接词1.连词that引导：从句的原句是陈述句。IhearthatEnglishisnoteasy.2.if/whether“是否”，用它引导从句，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。Couldyoutellmeif(whether)MissBrownlivesinthathouse?3.当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导：what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,how,why,howfar,howlong,howmany,howmuch,howoften…作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。eg:Ididn’thearwhathewantedmetodo.Iwanttoknowwhoisthatyoungman.Tomaskeduswhenwewouldstart.（二）语序：陈述句语序（三）时态：主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态。主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）Doyoustillrememberwhathesaid?(他说的什么)?特殊情况：1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.三、宾语从句注意事项(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?(二)只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wedidn’tthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrainthenextday.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether：Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.(三)用if不用whether的情况:1.引导否定概念的宾语从句时：HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishmyhomework.2.引导条件状语从句，if意为“如果”时:We’llgohikingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.四、宾语从句转化为简单句1.当主从句的主语一致时：1)Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.2)Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidn’tdecidewhichshirttobuy.2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时：1)CanyoutellmehowIcangettothepolicestation?Canyoutellmehowtogettothepolicestation?2)PleaseshowmehowIshouldstarttherecorder.Pleaseshowmehowtostarttherecorder.3.当主句的谓语动词是order,require(要求，指示)等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可转化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构:Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.4.其他转换：1)Heinsisted（坚持）thatheshouldgowithus.Heinsistedongoingwithus.2)Wefoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.Wefoundthattheboxveryheavy.引导词句子类型that陈述句一般疑问句if/whether特殊疑问词特殊疑问句主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的需要用任意一种时态一般过去时与原句相对应的过去的时态客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在时宾语从句三件事，时态语序连接词；主从时态要一致，陈述语序才合适；一般问句做从句，连接词if别忘记；特殊问句做宾从，特殊问词莫漏掉。MakesentencesWhatdidyourfathersay?Youareaclevergirl.MyfathersaidIwasaclevergirl.Wewanttostudy.Theysaidthattheywantedtostudy.“Iaminspace.”Whatdidhesay?Hesaidhewasinspace.Heaskedwhyyouaresohappy?WhyareyousoHappy?AmItallerthanyou?if/whetherhewastallerthanthem.Heasked有了以上的知识作基础，练练你的能力，相信你一定能作对这些题。1.Iwanttoknow__hecanbehereontime.A.whoB.whenC.whereD.if2.Couldyoutellme______?A.whatyourmotherdoB.whatdoesyourmotherdoC.yourmotherdoesD.whatyourmotherdoes3.Didyouknow____asportsmeetingnextSaturday?A.therewouldhavetobeB.iftherewereC.iftherewasgoingtobeD.therewasgoingtohave4.Tellme___,please.A.HowoldisheB.howoldheisC.heishowoldD.howolddoeshe一选择填空DDCB5.Iaskedhimwhetherhe______howtopronouncethisword.A.knowsB.knewC.hasknownD.willknow6.Dicksaidthathe______inatraintoWashingtonatsevenyesterday.A.rideB.wouldrideC.wasridingD.hadridden7.Petersaidthathe______thewaytothechemist’sshop.A.doesnotknowB.didnotknowC.donotknowD.didnotknew8.Hesaidthathe______thenextday.A.willsetoffB.setC.wouldsetoffD.won’tsetoff9.Theteachertoldusthattheearth_______round.A.isB.wasC.wereD.be10.Hethinksheisright,_________?A.doesheB.doesn’theC.isheD.isn’theBCBCABSaythesentencesrightorwrong?Isaythattakingcareoftheenvironmentisimportant.IsaidthatIgotoschoolbybike.Itoldhimthatalotoffishhavealreadydied.Hesaidthathewillreturnthenextweek.MrSmiththoughtthatthetrainislikeabigmovingparty.Shethinksthatshehadwonthematch.RWWWWWTheradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey______________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey______________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey___________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_____________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou____________aboutthemurdernow.(talk)willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingweredoingExercise:fillintheblanks9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters______from.(be)10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MrWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundthesun.12.Couldyoutellmewho___________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhadbeenrisesdidwere将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.Astudentinyourclassismissing(不见了）!Callthepolice.Makeadialoguebetweenthepoliceandyou.Police:Wouldyoupleasetellmewhatyournameis?You:Mynameis…Police:Doyouknow…You:…1.Whatisyourname?2.Whatisthemissingperson’sname?3.Howoldishe/she?4.Howtallishe/she?5.Howmuchdoeshe/sheweigh?6.Wherewashe/shethelasttimeyousawhim/her?7.Whatwashe/shewearingatthattime?8.Whatwashe/shedoing?9.Whatisyourrelationshiptothemissingperson?10.Whatisyourtelephonenumber?