纺织英语4 knitting and knitted fabrics

Chapter4KnittingandKnittedfabrics第四章针织与针织物1.Knittingprocesses编织过程Knittedfabrics针织物Weftknitted纬编Warpknitted经编Interlacingloopsofyarns纱线圈交错Weftknittedfabric纬编织物Pillar圈柱Needleloop针编弧Sinkerloop沉降弧Warpknittedfabrics经编织物Openloop开口线圈Closedloop闭合线圈Underlap延展线Wale纵行Course横列Singleknitfabric单面针织物Asinglesetofneedles单组针Thepillarsandloopsappearrespectivelyindifferentsidesofthefabric圈柱和圈弧分别出现在织物的不同一面Technicalfaceside工艺正面Technicalback工艺反面Doubleknitfabric双面针织物Twosetsofneedles两组针Boththeloopsandpillarsappearononesideofaknittedfabric圈柱和圈弧出现在织物的同一面Inweftknitting纬编针织Needles织针YarntoLoop纱线形成线圈Insuccession连续成圈Course横列Loops线圈Successiveloopknittedonthesameneedle相同织针上相继编织的线圈Intermeshwith互相串套Wales纵行Inwarpknitting经编针织Warpyarn经纱Loopsimultaneously同时成圈Courseofloops线圈横列Warping整经KnittedfabricsWeftknittedWarpknittedNeedleloopPillarSinkerloopOpenloopClosedloopUnderlapCourseWale针织物纬编经编针编弧圈柱沉降弧开口线圈闭合线圈延展线横列纵行basicknittingelements基本成圈机件Loops/stitches线圈Knittingneedles织针Otherknittingelements其他成圈机件Latch舌针Compound复合针Bearded钩针1.1Basicknittingcycles基本成圈过程Downwardtake-uptensionSinkerthroatNeedlehookNeedlelatchAscendDescendLatchspoonNeedlestemTricks向下牵拉张力沉降片喉针钩针舌上升下降针舌勺针杆针槽1.1Basicknittingcycles基本成圈过程Afloatincourse横列中的浮线Ifoneindividualneedle,holdinganoldloop,doesnotascendfromitslowestpositiontocleartheoldloop,thenewyarnwillnotbelaidinitshook.如果一根织针握持旧线圈，不从最低位置升起完成退圈，新纱就不能垫入针钩floatstitch/missstitch浮线Tucking集圈ifoneindividualneedleonlyrisestoapositionwheretheoldloopisstillonthelatch,thenewlyintroducedyarnwillnotbedrawnthroughtheoldloopbutwillbetuckedinbehindit.如果某根织针仅升起到某一位置，在该位置上旧线圈仍在针舌上，新垫入的纱将不会从该旧线圈中穿过，只是在其后形成线圈。Tuckloop/tuckstitch集圈圈弧Inweftknitting纬编中up-and-downmovement上下运动Butt针踵Camtrack三角跑道thelatchneedle舌针Raisingcam起针三角Clearingcam退圈三角Knocking-overcam脱圈三角Stitchingcam弯纱三角横机三角配置压针三角弯纱三角弯纱三角起针三角退圈三角三角跑道三角跑道圆纬机上feed成圈系统Agroupofcams一组三角Yarncarrier导纱器Numberofthecourses横列数导纱器针筒沉降片三角沉降片三角环沉降片三角舌针三角座沉降片盘Vbedmachine横机Vbedknittingmachineoperation横机操作Theneedles___________________________________________________________织针排成直线，插在平板金属针床的槽内Twosetsofplates________________________________________________________Acambox___________________________三角座来回运动Theneedlesinneedleslots_________________________________________________arearrangedinastraightlineandinsertedintotricksinaflatmetalplatearealignedtoformaninvertedVshapeMovesbackandforthMoveupanddown两个针床对齐成倒V型插在针槽内的织针上下运动Inwarpknittingmachine在经编机上Inwarpknittingmachine在经编机上Allneedles织针Needlebar针床Warpyarns经纱Guides导纱针arefixedinto固定arecarriedby携带Guidebar梳栉Inwarpknittingmachine在经编机上Theguides______________theneedlesto_____________aroundthemtomakean________and,afterwards,___________betweentheneedlesandmovelaterallyto___________________.passbetweenWarptheyarnoverlapSwingbackCreateanunderlapNeedlebarGuidesGuidebarVbedknittingmachinepassbetweenOverlapSwingbackUnderlapinvertedVshape针床导纱针梳栉横机从中穿过针前垫纱摆回针背垫纱倒V型Languagepoint语法点Irrespectiveof[ˌiriˈspektiv]a.(of)不考虑的，不顾及的Thelawsapplytoeveryoneirrespectiveofrace,creedorcolour.法律适用於所有的人,不分种族﹑信仰或肤色.Hemarriedher,irrespectiveofthewillofhisparents.他违背父母的意愿与她结了婚。Languagepoint语法点Comprise[kəmˈpraiz]vt.包含，包括，由…组成=consistofAfootballteamiscomprisedofelevenplayers. 一个足球队由11名队员组成。FifteenseparaterepublicscomprisedtheSovietUnion. 苏联由十五个加盟共和国组成。Languagepoint语法点Simultaneously [ˌsiməlˈteinjəsli]ad.同时，一起=atthesametimeTheexplosionwastimedtobesimultaneouswiththeplane'stake-off. 爆炸的时间定在飞机起飞的时刻。Thatcannotbesimultaneouslytrue. 互相矛盾的不能同时成立的Languagepoint语法点Alignedtoadj.对齐的,均衡的v.结盟Thetroopsaligned. 士兵们列队了。Engineeringisalignedwithtechnology.工程与技术密切结合。中间的；中级的凝结,浓缩的垃圾，渣Knittingelements成圈机件Yarnfeeder导纱器Knittingneedles织针sinkers沉降片1.2.1knittingneedles织针舌针latchneedleMostfundamentalelement最基本的机件Shank针尾Butt针踵Stem针杆Latch针舌Hook针钩Rivet针舌销1.2.1knittingneedles织针Needlesindifferentsizes织针尺寸不同Gauges/cut机号Thenumberofneedlesthatmaybeaccommodatedperunitlengthofthemachine机器上单位长度可容纳的织针数1inch1英寸1.2.1knittingneedles织针Gauges/cut机号Yarn纱Finer越高Thinner越细Needlesperunitlength单位长度的织针More越多FaultsFaultsinlatchFaultsinfabricInevitably不可避免地Knit,missortuckstitchesPatternedfabric,tuckandmissstitchesBysettingthecamtracksByraisingtheneedlestodifferentheightsornotatallByarrangingtheneedleswithdifferentbuttlevelsintoasequenceDoublejerseycircularweftknitting双面圆纬针织Twosetsofneedles两组针Inacylinder在针筒内Inadial在针盘内ifthecylinderneedlesalignwiththedialneedlewalls,andviceversa,theneedleset-outiscalled“ribgating”.如果针筒针对齐针盘针的针槽壁，针盘针也对齐针筒针的针槽壁，这样的织针配置叫做“罗纹对针”。*Interlockgatedmachineuse_______________inboth_______and_________.*Eachsetofneedleshastwolevelsof______________,and_______________forboththecylinderanddialhavetwo________,onefor__________________andtheotherfor__________________.*Thecylinderhigh-buttneedles________________thediallow-buttneedles,andthecylinderlow-buttneedlesalignwiththe____________________.twosetsofneedlesthedialcylinderneedlebuttThecamboxestracksHigh-buttneedlesLow-buttneedlesalignwithDialhigh-buttneedlesSpringneedlebeardedneedle钩针Beardedneedlecouldbemadefinerthanothertypesofneedles钩针能够做的比其他织针更细Beardedneedlesusedtomakeaveryfinefabric钩针用来编织非常细密的织物Springneedlebeardedneedle钩针Head针头Beard针钩Tip针尖Stem针杆Butt针踵Eye针眼槽Bend针鼻Springneedlebeardedneedle钩针Springneedlebeardedneedle钩针Compoundneedles复合针Compoundneedles复合针Themachinespeedsincreased机器速度提高Thefrictionbetweenneedlesandthepressercausedlargerheatgenerationandnoise,针和压板间的摩擦造成较大发热和噪音whichprecludedthemachinespeedfromfurtherincrease这种摩擦阻止了机器进一步提速Compoundneedles复合针Compoundneedles复合针Hook针钩Slidingelement针芯Closingelement1.2.2sinker沉降片Singlejerseymachine单面针织机1.2.2sinker沉降片Canholdtheoldloopduringtheclearingtorestraintheoldloopastheneedlerises在退圈阶段能够握持旧线圈，在织针上升时限制旧线圈Sinkerthroat片喉1.2.2sinker沉降片Cansupportthesinkerloopandhelptheoldlooptobecast-offandthenewlooptobeformedwhentheneedledescendstowardsitslowestposition在织针朝最低位置下降时，支撑沉降弧，帮助旧线圈脱圈和新线圈形成Belly片腹Aterryeffect毛圈效应Sinkernose沉降片片鼻Alongersinkerloop长沉降弧Speciallydesigned特殊设计的Terryeffect毛圈效应Circularweftterryknittingmachines圆纬边毛圈机1.2.3yarnfeeder导纱器Weftknitting纬编Makestheyarnpassesintothehookastheneedledescends使纱在织针下降时能进入针钩Warpknitting经编Eachwarpyarnshouldbethreadedthroughtheeyeinaseparateguide每根经纱应该穿过单独的导纱针针眼yarnfeederguideVocabulary词汇SinkerShankButtStemLatchHookRibgatingDialYarnfeeder沉降片针尾针踵针杆针舌针钩罗纹对针针盘导纱器Downwardtake-uptensionSinkerthroatNeedlehookNeedlelatchAscendDescendLatchspoonNeedlestemTricks向下牵拉张力沉降片喉针钩针舌上升下降针舌勺针杆针槽NeedlebarGuidesGuidebarVbedknittingmachinepassbetweenOverlapSwingbackUnderlapinvertedVshape导纱针梳栉从中穿过倒V型针床横机摆回针前垫纱针背垫纱2knittedfabrics针织物2knittedfabrics针织物2.1weftknittedfabrics纬编织物2.2warpknittedfabrics经编织物Plainknit纬平针Rib罗纹Purl双反面Interlock双罗纹Singlebarchainstitches单梳编链Tricot经平Atlas经缎Plainknit纬平针Simplestbutmostwidelyused最简单但使用最广泛Whencutintoapiece,thecutedgestendtocurl当剪裁成片，剪裁的边缘趋向卷边Unraveledfromeitherend,eitheralongoragainsttheknittingdirection沿编织方向或逆编织方向脱散Rib罗纹Rib罗纹Ithasgoodelasticityandrecoveryinthehousedirectionafterthestretchingforceisreleased.横向拉伸力释放后具有很好的回弹性Doublejerseystructure双面针织结构1X1rib2X2ribPurl双反面Purl双反面Purlstitchescanonlybeknittedonaspecialmachinewithdoubleheadedneedles只能在双头织针的特殊机器上编织Theloopsareformedinsuccessivecoursesinalternateneedleheads,thefaceloopcourseandthebackcoursewillalternativelyappearoneithersideofthefabric.线圈依次在横列上由交替的针头形成，织物每一面都出现交替的正面线圈横列和反面线圈横列Agoodwalewiserecoveryafterextension在拉伸后有很好的纵行方向的回复性Interlock双罗纹Interlock双罗纹combination1X1rib1X1ribHigh-buttneedlesLow-buttneedlesSuitableforwinterunderwear冬季内衣Interlockcanonlybeunraveledagainsttheknittingdirectionbuthaslessextensibilitythan1X1ribinbothdirection.双罗纹只能逆编制方向脱散，但双相的延伸性都比罗纹差Heatretention保暖性Fancystructures精美结构Thejacquardstructure提花结构Thesinglejerseyjacquard单面提花Thedoublejerseyjacquard双面提花Mechanicalorelectro-mechanicalneedleselectionmechanisms机械的或机电的选针结构Traditionallymechanicalpatterndrums,intermediatejacksandselectionjacks传统的机械提花滚筒，中间推片，选针片Fancystructures精美结构Singlejerseylaid-institches单面衬垫组织Terrystitches毛圈组织Floatyarnsareheldbyloopsformedbyafaceyarnandagroundyarnknittedusingaplatingtechnique浮线由面纱和地纱使用添纱技术形成的线圈握持Terryloopsareusuallyformedwiththehelpofaspecialsinkernose.毛圈通常借助特殊的沉降片片鼻形成Fancystructures精美结构Specialtechniquesanddevices特殊的技术和装备Morefancystructures更多的精美结构Ripplestitches波纹组织Cablestitches绞花组织Eyeletstitches纱罗组织2.2warpknittedfabrics经编织物Tricotknittingmachine特里考经编机Raschelknittingmachine拉歇尔经编机Primarywarpknittedstructure基本经编结构Singlebarchainstitches单梳编链Onewarpyarnalwaysformloopsonthesameneedle一根经纱始终在同一根针上成圈Primarywarpknittedstructure基本经编结构Tricot经平eachwarpwillformloopsalternatelyontwoneighboringneedles.每根经纱交替在两相邻的针上成圈Primarywarpknittedstructure基本经编结构Atlas经缎Theguidecarryingwarpsmakeunderlapsoveroneneedlespaceinthesamedirectionforanumberofcoursesinsuccession携带经纱的导纱针在一个方向连续数个横列做一针距的针背垫纱Qualityissuesinknittedfabrics针织物质量问题Controloflooplengthisnecessarytoensureagoodqualityofthefabrics控制线圈长度以确保织物具有良好的品质Dictation听写KnittingandknittedfabricsCourseandwaleSinkerthroatFloatTuckloop/stitchesYarnfeederLatchneedleRibNeedlespaceLooplength针织和针织物横列和纵行沉降片喉浮线集圈导纱器舌针罗纹针距线圈长度