(完整版)英语四级真题试卷附答案

英语四级真题试卷附答案英语四级考试正在紧张备考当中，为了帮助同学们复习备考。下面为大家带来英语四级真题试卷附答案，欢迎各位同学备考练习。英语四级真题：作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying‘Learningisadailyexperienceandalifetimemission.”Youcanciteexamplestoillustratetheimportanceoflifelonglearning.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.英语四级真题：听力略英语四级真题：选词填空FormanyAmericans,2013endedwithanunusuallybittercoldspell.NovemberandDecember(36)earlysnowandbone-chillingtemperaturesinmuchofthecountry,partofayearwhen,forthefirsttimeintwo(37),record-colddayswilllikelyturnouttohaveoutnumberedrecord-warmones.ButtheU.S.wastheexception;Novemberwasthewarmestever(38),andcurrentdataindicatesthat2013islikelytohavebeenthefourthhottestyearonrecord.Enjoythesnownow,because(39)aregoodthat2014willbeevenhotter,perhapsthehottestyearsincerecordshavebeenkept.That’sbecause,scientistsarepredicting,2014willbeanEINiuoyear.EIniuo,Spanishfor“thechild”,(40)whensurfaceoceanwatersinthesouthernPacificbecomeabnormallywarm.SolargeisthePacific,covering30%oftheplanet’ssurface,thatthe(41)energygeneratedbyitswarmingisenoughtotouchoffaseriesofweatherchangesaroundtheworld.EINinosare(42)withabnormallydryconditionsinSoutheastAsiaandAustralia.TheycanleadtoextremeraininpartsofNorthandSouthAmerica,evenassouthernAfrica(43)dryweather.Marinelifemaybeaffectedtoo;EINinoscan(44)therisingofthecold,nutrient-rich(营养丰富的)waterthatsupportslargefish(45),andtheunusuallywarmoceantemperaturescandestroycoral(珊瑚).英语四级真题：长篇阅读ThePerfectEssayLookingbackontoomanyyearsofeducation,Icanidentifyonetrulyimpossibleteacher.Shecaredaboutme,andmyintellectuallife,evenwhenIdidn’t.Herexpectationswerehighimpossiblyso.ShewasanEnglishteacher.Shewasalsomymother.Whengoodstudentsturninanessay,theydreamoftheirinstructorreturningittotheminexactlythesamecondition,saveforasinglewordaddedinthemarginofthefinalpage:”Flawless.”Thisdreamcametrueformeoneafternoonintheninthgrade.Ofcourse,Ihadheardthatgeniuscouldshowitselfatanearlyage,soIwasonlyslightlytakenabackthatIhadachievedperfectionatthetenderageof14.Obviously,Ididwhatanyprofessionalwriterwoulddo;Ihurriedofftospreadthegoodnews.Ididn’tgetveryfar.ThefirstpersonItoldwasmymother.C）Mymother,whoisjustshyoffivefeettall,isnormallyincrediblysoft-spoken,butontherareoccasionwhenshegotangry,shewasterrifying.Iamnotsureifshewasmoreupsetbymyhubris（得意忘形）orbythefactthatmyEnglishteacherhadletmyegogetsooutofhand.Inanyevent,mymotherandherredpenshowedmehowdeeplyflawedaflawlessessaycouldbe.Atthetime,Iamsureshethoughtshewasteachingmeaboutmechanics,transitions（过渡）,structure,styleandvoice.ButwhatIlearned,andwhatstuckwithmethroughmytimeteachingwritingatHarvard,wasadeeperlessonaboutthenatureofcreativecriticism.D）Fistoff,ithurts.Genuinecriticism,thetypethatleavesalastingmarkonyouasawriter,alsoleavesanexistentialimprint（印记）onyouasaperson.Ihaveheardpeoplesaythatawritershouldnevertakecriticismpersonally.Isaythatweshouldneverlistentothesepeople.E）Criticism,atitsbest,isdeeplypersonal,andgetstotheheartofwhywewritethewaywedo.Theintimatenatureofgenuinecriticismimpliessomethingaboutwhoisabletogiveit,namely,someonewhoknowsyouwellenoughtoshowyouhowyourmentallifeisgettinginthewayofgoodwriting.Conveniently,theyarealsothepeoplewhocareenoughtoseeyouthroughthispainfulrealization.Formeittooktheformofmyfirst,andIhopeonly,encounterwithwriter’sblock;Iwasnotabletoproduceanythingforthreeyears.F）FranzKafkaoncesaid:”Writingisuttersolitude（独处）,thedescentintothecoldabyss（深渊）ofoneself.“Mymother’scriticismhadshownmethatKafkaisrightaboutthecoldabyss,andwhenyoumaketheintrospective（内省的）decentthatwritingrequiresyouareoutalwayspleasedbywhatyoufind.”But,intheyearsthatfollowed,hersustainedtutoringsuggestedthatKafkamightbewrongaboutthesolitude.Iwasluckyenoughtofindacriticandteacherwhowaswillingtomakethejourneyofwritingwithme.“Itisathingofnogreatdifficulty,”accordingtoPlutarch,“toraiseobjectionsagainstanotherman’sspeech,itisaveryeasymatter;buttoproduceabetterinitsplaceisaworkextremelytroublesome.”IamsureIwroteessaysinthelateryearsofhighschoolwithoutmymother’sguidance,butIcan’trecallthem.WhatIremember,however,ishowwetookupthe“extremelytroublesome”workofongoingcriticism.TherearetwowaystointerpretPlutarchwhenhesuggeststhatacriticshouldbeabletoproduce“abetterinitsplace.”Inastraightforwardsense,hecouldmeanthatacriticmustbemoretalentedthantheartistshecritiques(评论).Mymotherwaswellcoveredonthiscount.ButperhapsPlutarchissuggestingsomethingslightlydifferent,somethingabitclosertoMarcusCicero’sclaimthatoneshould“criticizebycreation,notbyfindingfault.”Genuinecriticismcreatesapreciousopeningforanauthortobecomebetteronthisownterms;aprocessthatisoftenextremelypainful,butalsoalmostalwaysmeaningful.Mymothersaidshewouldhelpmewithmywriting,butfistIhadmyself.Foreachassignment,IwaswritethebestessayIcould.Realcriticismisnotmeanttofindobviousmistakes,soifshefoundany;thetypeIcouldhavefoundonmyown;Ihadtostartfromscratch.Fromscratch.Oncetheessaywas“flawless,”shewouldtakeaneveningtowalkmethroughmyerrors.Thatwaswhentruecriticism,thetypethatchangedmeasaperson,began.I）ShecriticizedmewhenIincludedlittle-knownreferencesandprofessionaljargon（行话）.Shehadnopatienceforbrilliantbutirrelevantfiguresofspeech.“Writerscan’tbluff（虚张声势）theirwaythroughignorance.”Thatwasnewstome;Iwouldneedtofindanotherwaytostructuremydailyexistence.J）Shetrimmedbackmyflowerylanguage,drewlinesthroughmyexclamationmarksandarguedforthevalueofrestraintinexpression.“John,”shealmostwhispered.Ilearnedintohearher:”Ican’thearyouwhenyoushoutatme.”SoIstoppedshoutingandbluffing,andslowlymywritingimproved.K）SomewherealongthewayIsetasidemyhopesofwritingthatflawlessessay.ButperhapsImissedsomethingimportantinmymother’slessonsaboutcreativityandperfection.Perhapsthepointofwritingtheflawlessessaywasnottogiveup,buttoneverwillinglyfinish.Whitmanrepeatedlyreworded“SongofMyself”between1855and1891.Repeatedly.Wedoourabsolutebestwiryapieceofwriting,andcomeascloseaswecantotheideal.And,forthetimebeing,wesettle.Incritique,however,weareforcedtodepart,togiveuptheperfectionwethoughwehadachievedforthechanceofbeingevenalittlebitbetter.ThisisthelessonItookfrommymother.Ifperfectionwerepossible,itwouldnotbemotivating.46.Theauthorwasadvisedagainsttheimproperuseoffiguresofspeech.Theauthor’smothertaughthimavaluablelessonbypointingoutlotsofflawsinhisseeminglyperfectessay.Awritershouldpolishhiswritingrepeatedlysoastogetclosertoperfection.Writersmayexperienceperiodsoftimeintheirlifewhentheyjustcan’tproduceanything.Theauthorwasnotmuchsurprisedwhenhisschoolteachermarkedhisessayas“flawless”.Criticizingsomeone’sspeechissaidtobeeasierthancomingupwithabetterone.Theauthorlooksuponhismotherashismostdemandingandcaringinstructor.Thecriticismtheauthorreceivedfromhismotherchangedhimasaperson.Theauthorgraduallyimprovedhiswritingbyavoidingfactlanguage.Constructivecriticismgivesanauthoragoodstarttoimprovehiswriting.英语四级真题：仔细阅读第一篇CouldyoureproduceSiliconValleyelsewhere,oristheresomethinguniqueaboutit?Itwouldn’tbesurprisingifitwerehardtoreproduceinothercountries,becauseyoucouldn’treproduceitinmostoftheUSeither.WhatdoesittaketomakeaSiliconValley?It’stherightpeople.IfyoucouldgettherighttenthousandpeopletomovefromSiliconValleytoBuffalo,BuffalowouldbecomeSiliconValley.Youonlyneedtwokindsofpeopletocreateatechnologyhub（中心）:richpeopleandnerds（痴迷科研的人）.Observationbearsthisout.WithintheUS,townshavebecomestartuphubsifandonlyiftheyhavebothrichpeopleandnerds.FewstartupshappeninMiami,forexample,becausealthoughit’sfullofrichpeople,ithasfewnerds.It’snotthekindofplacenerdslike.WhereasPittsburghastheoppositeproblem:plentyofnerds,butnorichpeople.ThetopUSComputerSciencedepartmentsaresaidtobeMIT,Stanford,Berkeley,andCarnegie-Mellon.MITyieldedRoute128.StanfordandBerkeleyyieldedSiliconValley.ButwhatdidCarnegie-MellonyieldinPittsburgh?AndwhathappenedinIthaca,homeofCornellUniversity,whichisalsohighonthelist.IgrewupinPittsburghandwenttocollegeatCornell,soIcananswerforboth.Theweatheristerrible,particularlyinwinter,andthere’snointerestingoldcitytomakeupforit,asthereisinBoston.Richpeopledon’twanttoliveinPittsburghorIthaca.Sowhilethereareplentyofhackers（电脑迷）whocouldstartstartups,there’snoonetoinvestinthem.Doyoureallyneedtherichpeople?Wouldn’titworktohavethegovernmentinvestthenerds?No,itwouldnot.Startupinvestorsareadistincttypeofrichpeople.Theytendtohavealotofexperiencethemselvesinthetechnologybusiness.Thishelpsthempicktherightstartups,andmeanstheycansupplyadviceandconnectionsaswellasmoney.Andthefactthattheyhaveapersonalstakeintheoutcomemakesthemreallypayattention.WhatdowelearnaboutSiliconValleyfrompassage?Itssuccessishardtocopyanywhereelse.ItisthebiggesttechnologyhubintheUS.Itsfameinhightechnologyisincomparable.Itleadstheworldininformationtechnology.WhatmakesMiamiunfittoproduceaSiliconValley?Lackofincentiveforinvestments.Lackoftherightkindoftalents.Lackofgovernmentsupport.Lackoffamousuniversities.InthatwayisCarnegie-MellondifferentfromStanford,BerkeleyandMIT?ItslocationisnotasattractivetorichpeopleItssciencedepartmentarenotnearlyasgoodItdoesnotproducecomputerhackersandnerdsItdoesnotpaymuchattentiontobusinessstartupsWhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutBoston?Ithaspleasantweatherallyearround.Itproduceswealthaswellashigh-techItisnotlikelytoattractlotsofinvestorandnerds.Itisanoldcitywithmanysitesofhistoricalinterest.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstartupinvestors?Theyareespeciallywiseinmakinginvestments.Theyhavegoodconnectionsinthegovernment.Theycandomorethanprovidingmoney.Theyareenoughtoinvestinnerds.第二篇It’snicetohavepeopleoflikemindaround.Agreeablepeopleboostyourconfidenceandallowyoutorelaxandfeelcomfortable.Unfortunately,thatcomfortcanhindertheverylearningthatcanexpandyourcompanyandyourcareer.It’snicetohavepeopleagree,butyouneedconflictingperspectivestodigoutthetruth.Ifeveryonearoundyouhassimilarviews,yourworkwillsufferfromconfirmationbias.(偏颇)Takealookatyourownnetwork.Doyoucontactsshareyourpointofviewonmostsubjects?Ityes,it’stimetoshakethingsup.Asaleader,itcanbechallengingtocreateanenvironmentinwhichpeoplewillfreelydisagreeandargue,butasthesayinggoes:Fromconfrontationcomesbrilliance.It’snoteasyformostpeopletoactivelyseekconflict.Manyspendtheirlivestryingtoavoidarguments.There’snoneedtogooutandfindpeopleyouhate,butyouneedtodosomeself-assessmenttodeterminewhereyouhavebecomestaleinyourthinking.Youmayneedtostartbyencouragingyourcurrentnetworktohelpyouidentifyyourblindspots.Passionate,energeticdebatedoesnotrequireangerandhardfeelingstobeeffective.Butitdoesrequiremoralstrength.Onceyouhaveworthingopponents,setsomegroundrulessoeveryoneunderstandsresponsibilitiesandboundaries.Theobjectiveofthisdebatinggameisnottowinbuttogettothetruththatwillallowyoutomovefaster,andbetter.Fiercedebatingcanhurtfeelings,particularlywhenstrongpersonalitiesareinvolved.Makesureyourcheckinwithyouropponentssothattheyarenotcarryingtheemotionofthebattlesbeyondthebattlefield.Breakthetensionwithsmilesandhumortoreinforcetheideathatthisisfriendlydiscourseandthatallareworkingtowardacommongoal.Rewordallthoseinvolvedinthedebatesufficientlywhenthegoalsarereached.Letyoursparringpartners（拳击陪练）knowhowmuchyouappreciatetheircontribution.Themoretheyfeelappreciated,themorethey’llbewillingtogetintotheringnexttime.Whathappenswhenyouhavelike-mindedpeoplearoundyouallthewhile?Itwillhelpyourcompanyexpandmorerapidly.Itwillbecreateaharmoniousworkingatmosphere.Itmaypreventyourbusinessandcareerfromadvancing.Itmaymakeyoufelluncertainaboutyourowndecision.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestleadersdo?Avoidargumentswithbusinesspartners.Encouragepeopletodisagreeandargue.Buildawideandstrongbusinessnetwork.Seekadvicefromtheirworthycompetitors.Whatisthepurposeofholdingadebate?Tofindoutthetruthaboutanissue.Tobuilduppeople’smoralstrength.Toremovemisunderstandings.Tolookforworthyopponents.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetopeopleengagedinafiercedebate?Theylistencarefullytotheiropponents’views.Theyslowduerespectforeachother’sbeliefs.Theypresenttheirviewsclearlyandexplicitly.Theytakecarenottohurteachother’sfeelings.Howshouldwetreatourrivalsafterasuccessfuldebate?Trytomakepeacewiththem.Trytomakeupthedifferences.Invitethemtotheringnexttime.Acknowledgetheircontribution.英语四级真题：翻译云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国的城市都要缓慢。丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关于人生，为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。(paradise)英语四级真题试卷答案：作文：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying"Learningisadailyexperienceandalifetimemission."Youcanciteexamplestoillustratetheimportanceoflifelonglearning“.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.破题思路:第一段:解释引言内容.提出文章的主旨:“学习的重要性”第二段:分析原因此处可以结合例子.第三段:得出结论此文章写作时可以全面参照有道考神四级写作课程中“功能句”的讲解。参考范文：Learningisadailyexperienceandalifetimemission.Thisisaproverbfulloflogic.Inotherwords,learningissignificantinourwholelife.Indeed,wecanlearnmanythingsfromit.Ifyouunderstanditandapplyittoyourstudyorwork,you’llnecessarilybenefitalotfromit.Therearemanyreasonswhichcanexplainthisphenomenonandthefollowingarethetypicalones.Thefirstreasonisthatlearningcanlightourroadinthecomingfuture.Thereisnodenyingthefactthatthesocietyisdevelopingincreasinglyfastandweareofteneasilysurpassedbythepeoplearound.Theonlywaytoavoidthisistolearntoimproveourselves.Asanillustration,I’dliketotakemyselfasanexample.Aftergraduationfromcollege,mylifehasbeenfullofworkingpressure,whichcontributestomydecisionofpursuingfurthereducation.That’swhyIcanmakemyownwayinsuchacompetitivesociety.Theeffectoflearningcanbeboileddowntotwomajorones.First,withthespiritoflearning,wearemorecapableofovercomingthedifficultiesinthefuture.Moreimportantly,wecanenrichoursparetimelifebylearning.Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustrememberthatlearningisthebasicskillinourlife.【短对话】B.Theyenjoyedthemovieonspaceexploration.A.Atagiftshop.C.Hedeclinedajobofferfromtheartgallery.D.Hewillbeunabletoattendthebirthdayparty.B.Setadeadlineforthestafftomeet.A.Theywaytothevisitor’sparking.D.Hehasbenefitedfromexercise.D.Thesecretariesintheman’scompany.B.ItisusedbymorepeoplethanEnglish.C.TheinfluenceoftheBritishEmpire.11.Itincludesalotofwordsfromotherlanguages.12.Toplaceanorder13.Heisnotfamiliarwiththeexactdetailsofgoods.14.Itdependsonanumberoffactors.Ringbackwhenshecomestoadecision.【短文理解】PassageOneA)Nooneknowsforsurewhentheycameintobeing.D)Carryropesacrossrivers.C)Toprovethatlighteningiselectricity.PassageTwoC)Shecanspeakseverallanguages.B)Theyhaveanintenseinterestincross-culturalinteractions.C)ShewasabletotranslateforaGermansportsjudge.B)Tastethebeefandgivehercomment.PassageThreeD)Hegrewupinapoorsingleparentfamily.A)StupidB)Writetwobookreportsaweek.【短文听写】heavenlyfascinatingmadeupofNowandthencombinewithgenerallycharacteristicsphenomenonnakedrelatively选词填空：N.saw第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据LateNovemberandDecember可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw.F.decades根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，“forthefirsttimeinthetwodecades”,二十年来头一次。H.globally句子为主系 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 结构，不缺主要成分，所以首选副词和形容词，根据语义，ever表示“一直以来地、向来地”，“十一月向来是全球范围内最温暖的一个月。”D.chances缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以首选复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoythesnownow,“享受现在的雪吧”，因为“时机是好的”。J.occurs空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs.A.specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择“特定的”符合语义。B.associated空格左为be动词，右边为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，beassociatedwith表示“与…有联系”，符合原意。G.experiences空格左为主语southernAfrica，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G,“南非经历着干燥的天气。M.reduce空格左为情态动词，空格内必须为动词原形，填reduce“减少”符合原题。K.populations空格与左边的largefish共同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K,“大量的鱼群”。段落匹配：I，根据关键信息“figuresofspeech”定位到I段，原文中该词组前面的形容词是“irrelevant”，和句中的“improper”为同义替换关系。C,根据关键信息“flaws”可定位至C段，同义替换关系句“mymotherandherredpenshowedmehowdeeplyflawedaflawlessessaycouldbe.”K,该句意思为“为了达到完美，作家应该反复地修改他的文章”，对应K段中的“Perhapsthepointofwritingtheflawlessessaywasnottogiveup,buttoneverwillinglyfinish.”E,该句大意为“某些时间段里，作家可能会感觉什么都写不出来了”，对应E段中的“Iwasnotabletoproduceanythingfor3years.”。B，该句意为“当老师认为作者的文章没有瑕疵时，他并不惊讶”，对应B段的“soIwasonlyslightlytakenabackthatIhadachievedperfectionatthetenderageof14.”该句中的“takenaback”意为“惊讶”。F,该句意为“对别人的演讲品头论足总比自己做一个更棒的演讲容易”，对应F段的“Itisathingofnogreatdifficulty,”accordingtoPlutarch,“toraiseobjectionsagainstanotherman’sspeech,itisaveryeasymatter;buttoproduceabetterinitsplaceisaworkextremelytroublesome.”。A，该句意为“作者视其母为最严格和最细心的老师”，对应A段的“Shecaredaboutme,andmyintellectuallife,evenwhenIdidn’t.Herexpectationswerehighimpossiblyso.ShewasanEnglishteacher.Shewasalsomymother.”。H，该句意为“作者从其母处得到的批评改变了作者的人格”，对应H段的“Thatwaswhentruecriticism,thetypethatchangedmeasaperson,began.”。J，该句意为“作者通过避免使用华而不实的语言慢慢地提升自己的作品”，对应J段的“SoIstoppedshoutingandbluffing,andslowlymywritingimproved.”。G,该局意为“有建设性的评判能让作家在提升作品方面有一个好的开始”，对应G段“Genuinecriticismcreatesapreciousopeningforanauthortobecomebetteronthisownterms;aprocessthatisoftenextremelypainful,butalsoalmostalwaysmeaningful.”。仔细阅读：A此题难度不大，根据题干中的“SiliconValley”可定位第一段，第一段尾句“istheresomethinguniqueaboutit?”直接把答案引向第二段。精读第二段“itwouldn’tbesurprisingifitwerehardtoreproduceinothercountries”，可知该句与A选项“Itssuccessishardtocopyanywhereelse.”为同义替换关系，故选A，其他三项均为无中生有。B此题难度不大，根据题干中“Miami”可定位至原文第五段，该段表明迈阿密只有有钱人，而缺少“痴迷于技术的人”，所以无法成为科技中心，该含义对应B选项，为统一替换关系，选项中的“therightkindoftalents”替换了原文的“nerds”。A此题难度不高，根据题干中的“Carnegie-Mellon”和“Stanford”，“Berkeley”，“MIT”容易定位到原文第六段，第六段段位抛出问题，所以顺势往第七段找答案。第七段中详细描述了卡内基梅隆大学所在的匹兹堡的不同之处：“Theweatheristerrible”，“richpeopledon’twanttoliveinPittsburghorIthaca”，这些信息都指向了A选项，为高度概括关系D该题难度较高，根据题干中的“Boston”可定位至原文的第七段。原文提到Boston的句子为“asthereisinBoston”，as在这里表对比，意为“波士顿却有”，那么前文一定指出了匹兹堡没有某物，所以关键句在于具体是什么，故往前文查找，发现前文提到的是“andthere’snointerestingoldcitytomakeupforit”，意思是匹兹堡不仅天气恶劣，而且也没有有趣的老城区，但是波士顿却与之相反，固选择D，表示“波士顿有着很多历史古迹”。C本题难度不高，根据核心名词概念“startupinvestors”可定位到原文最后一段，原文清晰地表述了，startupinvestors不仅能够提供资金帮助，还能提供很多建议，所以C选项“他们不仅能提供资金”是最好的答案，和原文关系为高度概括。C该题难度不大，根据“like-mindedpeople”定位到首段，首段指出这类人可以给人信息并令人感到舒服，后面用“unfortunately”表转折，后面的表述“这种舒服会让你意识不到你可以扩大你的公司和事业”，对应C选项，同义替换。B本题不难。根据核心名词“leaders”定位到第三段，作者给leader的建议是“虽然建立一个自由言论的环境不容易，但是俗话说灵感从争论中迸发”，意思是领导者需要建立这样能的环境，固选择B项，高度概括。A本题难度不大。根据关键信息“purposeofholdingadebate”定位到原文倒数第三段，原文“objective”对应“purpose”，后面跟的即为答案：“isnottowinbuttogetthetruththatwillallowyoutomovefaster,farther,andbetter.”，对应A选项。D该题难度较大。根据关键信息“fiercedebate”定位到原文倒数第二段，原文给出观点“用微笑和幽默表明这是一个友好的讨论，大家的目标都是一样的”，对应D选项，该题强干扰项为B,B选项中的“respect”容易让同学们产生好感从而错选B,而实际上B选项错在“other’sbeliefs”上，原文并没有提到尊重他人的信念和观点，属于无中生有。D根据题干“rival”对应至U最后一段的“sparringpartners”，原文给出“让他们知道对他们的付出你很感激”，对应D选项“肯定他们的付出”，为同义替换关系。翻译第一版云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国的城市都要缓慢。丽江至处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样，丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关于人生，为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂。(paradise)Lijiang,anancienttownofYunnanProvince,isoneofthemostfamoustouristdestinations.ItspaceoflifeisslowerthanthatofmostcitiesofChina.TherearemanynaturalbeautieseverywhereinLijiangandmanyethnicalminoritiesprovidetouristswithagreatvarietyofculturalexperience.Lijiangisalsowell-knownasthe“cityoflove”inhistory.Manystoriesaboutlifeanddyingforlovehavespreadedwidelyamongthelocals.Nowadays,fortouristshomeandabroad,theancienttownisregardedasaparadiseofloveandromance.