**UnitOverviewBystudyingthisunit,youareexpectedto:•learnthecommontypesofcompanystructure;•describeacompany’sstructure;•knowhowtowriteane-mailtointroduceanewcolleague.Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureTask1Task2*Inacompanytherearevariousdepartmentswithdifferentfunctions.Discusswithyourclassmatesthespecificfunctionofeachofthefollowingdepartments.Task1123456Unit2CompanyStructure*TheHumanResourcesDepartment(人力资源部)isresponsibleforthemanagementofacompany’sworkforce,andoverseesthepracticesandpoliciesthataffecttheorganization’semployees.Itisresponsiblefortheattraction,selection,training,assessment,andrewardingofemployees;itoverseesorganizationalleadershipandculture,andensurescompliancewithemploymentandlaborlaws.Unit2CompanyStructure*TheCustomerCareDepartment(客户服务部),alsocalledCustomerServiceDepartment,istoattractandretaincustomers.Peopleinthisdepartmentconsultcustomersabouttheirneedsviae-mail,telephoneorinperson.Theyhandleandresolvecustomercomplaints,andconductcustomersatisfactionsurveysonaparticularproductorservice.Unit2CompanyStructure*TheMarketingDepartment(市场部)createsvalueforcustomersandbuildsstrongcustomerrelationshipsinordertogetvaluefromcustomersinreturn.Itsjobincludesidentifyingtargetcustomers,clarifyingcustomers’needs,keepingtrackofthetrendsofaparticularfield,anddevelopingproductpromotionandadvertisingactivities.Unit2CompanyStructure*TheBoardofDirectors(董事会)isveryinfluentialinacompany.Itdecidesthedirectionthecompanyheadsforandisdirectlyaccountabletotheshareholders.Eachyearthecompanywillholdanannualgeneralmeeting(AGM)atwhichthedirectorsmakeareporttotheshareholdersontheperformanceofthecompanythisyear.Unit2CompanyStructure*ThePublicRelationsDepartment(公关系部)isresponsibleforgivingagoodPictureofthecompanytothepublic.Itmanagesthepublicrelationsstrategy,takescareofthecompany’srelationshipwiththemassmedia,andprovidesthepublicwithnecessaryinformationsoastomaintainagoodrelationwiththepublic.Unit2CompanyStructure*TheProductionDepartment(生产部)istoturninput(e.g.rawmaterials,labor,etc)intooutput(goods),andtoinsurethatthegoodsmeetthecustomers’needs.Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureTask2Thefollowingaresomecommonpositionsinmostcompanies.PutthemintoChinese.1.CEO(ChiefExecutiveOfficer)2.CFO(ChiefFinanceOfficer)3.SalesDirector4.PersonnelManager5.PublicRelationsManager6.ChiefAccountant首席执行官首席财务官销售总监人事经理公关经理总会计师*Unit2CompanyStructureStartingPointTextUnderstandingtheTextActivity1DealingwithLanguageFocusingOnGrammarSettingActivity2*TheHRDepartmentisofferingjoborientationtothenewemployees.Onthefirstday,theemployeesgettolearnaboutdifferenttypesofcompanystructure.Setting:Unit2CompanyStructure*StartingPointTask1Acompany’schoiceofitsstructureisusuallyaffectedbymanyfactors.Thefollowingaresome.Canyouaddsomemore?Unit2CompanyStructure1.Businessscale—howlargethecompanyis2.Staffnumber—thenumberofemployees3.Typeofownership—whoownsthecompany4.Stageofdevelopment—howwellisthecompanydevelopedundercertainstructure5.Typeofbusiness—theparticularfieldwhichthebusinessspecializesin.6.Developmentstrategy—howacompanyisgoingtopositionitselfinthemarketintermsoftheproductsorservicesitprovides.7.Targetmarket—thetargetcustomers’needs.Changesinthetargetmarketmayalsocausechangesinthecompany’sstructure.Forexample,thestructureofacompanyprovidingtravelingservicesmaydifferalotfromthatofabig-brandrestaurant.Forexample,manyfastdevelopingcompaniestendtobesmallandflexiblesothattheycanreacttochangesinthebusinessenvironmentquickly.*Unit2CompanyStructureCompanyStructureAcompanycanbeorganizedinmanydifferentways,dependingonitsgoals.Thestructureofacompanywilldeterminethewaysinwhichitoperatesandperforms.Herearesomeofthemostcommontypesofcompanystructures.*AnEntrepreneurialStructureismostcommoninsmallcompanies.Thecompanystructureistotallycentralized.Thismeansthattheleader,whoisusuallyalsotheowner,makesallthekeydecisions.Communicationbetweentheleaderandemployeesisviaface-to-faceconversations.Itisparticularlyusefulfornewbusinessesasitenablestheleadertocontrolgrowthanddevelopment.Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureAFunctionalStructureisbestsuitedtolargecompaniessothatcostscanbekeptlow.Employeesperformspecializedtasks.Forinstance,activitiesrelatedtoproduction,marketingandfinancewillbeseparatedintothreedepartments.*However,themarketingdepartmentmightincludesales,advertisingandpromotions.Thisleadstoanefficientbusinesswherecostsarekeptlowwithineachdepartment.However,itcouldalsoleadtoalackofcommunicationwithinthecompany,makingthecompanyinflexibleandslowtorespondwhenchangesarerequired.Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureADivisionalStructuredividesthecompanyaccordingtothetypeofwork,regionorproduct.Eachdivisioncontainsallthenecessaryresourcesandfunctionswithinit.Anautomobilecompanywithadivisionalstructuremighthaveonedivisionforsportscars,anotherforsubcompactcars,andathirdforsedans.*Eachdivisionisresponsibleforitsproductsandhasitsownresourcessuchasfinance,marketingandequipment.Thisstructureallowsflexibilityandaquickresponsetochangesinthemarketplace.Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureAMatrixStructuregroupsemployeesbybothfunctionandproduct.Asimpleexampleofamatrixstructurewouldbewhenindividualswithinthecompanyarebroughttogetherinordertocompleteaparticularprojectortask.Theindividualsarechosenfortheirparticularskillsandknowledgeaccordingtotheneedsoftheproject.ThestrengthoftheMatrixStructurelieswiththesharingofinformationandpersonnel.*Ingeneral,ithasbecomeincreasinglyclearthatthroughforcesofglobalization,competitionandmoredemandingcustomers,thestructureofmanycompanieshasbecomeflatterandlesshierarchical.Unit2CompanyStructure*公司结构根据发展目标的不同，公司可以选择不同的组织结构。而公司的组织结构又将决定其运作经营的模式。以下是几种最常见的公司结构。Unit2CompanyStructure*创业型结构在小规模的公司中最为常见。创业型结构的管理是完全集权化的，这意味着所有的重要决定都是由公司的领导者，通常也是公司的所有者作出的，上司与员工之间通过面对面的谈话进行沟通。这种结构于领导者掌握公司的成长与发展的状况，对新公司尤其有利。Unit2CompanyStructure*职能制结构有助于低成本运作，大型公司尤其适合。在这种结构下，员工各自执行专门的工作任务。例如，生产、市场营销和财务分属三个部门。Unit2CompanyStructure*而市场营销部门则又可能包含销售、广告和推销工作。这样一来，各部门可以在保持低成本的前提下实现高效率运作。然而，这也会导致公司内部缺乏交流，在需要进行调整时，缺乏灵活性，反应迟缓。Unit2CompanyStructure*在部门制结构下，公司部门根据工作种类、区域划分或产品类型进行划分，每个部门都拥有一切必需的资源和功能。采取部门制结构的汽车公司可能会为跑车、超小型汽车和小轿车分别设立部门。Unit2CompanyStructure*每个部门负责其特定产品，且各自拥有财政、市场和设备等方面的资源。采取这种结构的公司在面临市场调整时更加灵活，反应迅速。Unit2CompanyStructure*矩阵式结构依据功能和产品划分员工工作。举一个关于矩阵式结构的简单例子：为了完成某个项目或任务，根据项目需求，公司会从内部（各部门）挑选有相关技能和知识的员工（组成项目组）。矩阵式结构的优势在于它实现了内部信息和人力资源的共享。Unit2CompanyStructure*总而言之，在全球化的潮流下，竞争日趋激烈，消费者的需求日益增加，我们越来越清晰地看到，许多公司的组织结构正变得更为精炼简单，等级概念也越来越淡化。Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructuredeterminev.规定；决定Socialstatusislargelydeterminedbytheoccupationofthemainbreadwinner. Whatdetermineswhetheryouareacareersuccessorafailure?determinationShereaffirmedherdeterminationtoovercomealldifficultiesthatwouldoccurinthedaystocome.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureperformv.运作Allsystemsonthespaceshuttleappeartobeperformingwell.e.g. Whenthere'ssnowandice,how'sthiscargoingtoperform?*Unit2CompanyStructurecentralizev.集权；把（权利）集中Powertendstocentralizeinthehandsofthosewhouseit.centralizationn.集权化NowhereinBritainhasbureaucraticcentralizationproceededwithmorepacethaninScotland.e.g. Attemptstocentralizetheeconomyhavefailed.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureviaprep.通过；借助于Translatorscannowworkfromhome,viaelectronicmailsystems. It’seasytocheckyourbankaccountviatheInternet.prep.经由；经过Mr.BakerwillreturnhomeviaBelgiumandFrance.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureenablev.使能够；使有机会Thegoalofthetrainingistoenableemployeestoworkasateam.e.g. Themoneywillenableustohiremoreworkers.*Unit2CompanyStructurespecializedadj.专门的；专业的Theagencyhelpsbusinessesfillhighlyspecializedpositions.e.g.marketingn.市场营销Holbrookhasapositioninmarketingforalargedepartmentstore. TheSpecializedassetsdonottransfereasily.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructurefinancen.财政；财务；金融Financeisusuallythebiggestproblemforstudents.e.g.v.为……提供（筹措）资金Morethan＄100,000wasdonatedtohelpfinanceRyan'shearttransplant.e.g. Wefinancedthenewhousethroughthecreditunion.*Unit2CompanyStructuresalesn.推销活动Thoseinabusinesswhoareresponsibleforsales.e.g. ManystoreshavestartedtheirJanuarysalesamonthearly.*Unit2CompanyStructurepromotionn.促销；宣传During1984,Remingtonspentalotofmoneyonadvertisingandpromotion.e.g.n.晋升；升职CooperannouncedthepromotionofMooretovicechairman.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureinflexibleadj.不易改变的Charleswasamanofsettledhabitsandinflexibleroutine.e.g. Theproposedlawispoorlywrittenandinflexible.e.g.respondv.做出反应；回应Howdidtheyrespondtoyourcriticism? Thepatientrespondedwelltosurgery.*Unit2CompanyStructurerequirev.需要e.g. Thiswillrequiresomecleardiscussionsandcarefulnegotiation.Thejobrequiresacollegedegreeandaknowledgeofcomputers.*Unit2CompanyStructuredivisionaladj.部门的Theteamwonthedivisionalchampionship.e.g.n.部门Thecompany'sCreditDataDivisionisbasedinOrangeCounty.e.g.division*Unit2CompanyStructuredivisionaladj.部门的Theteamwonthedivisionalchampionship.e.g.n.部门e.g.Thecompany'sCreditDataDivisionisbasedinOrangeCounty.division*Unit2CompanyStructureregionn.地区；区域Snowisexpectedinmountainregions.e.g. Taxincentiveswouldbeusedtoattractfirmstotheregions,awayfromtheSouth-East.adj.地区的；区域的e.g.regionalItisnotsurprisingtofindregionalvariationsinunemployment.*Unit2CompanyStructureresourcen.(人力、财力、物力）等资源Todayweareoverpopulated,strainingtheearth'sresources.e.g. Thepoliceusedeveryavailableresourcetotrackdownthekiller.*subcompactn.超小型汽车PlanscallfortheSwatchmobiletobe20%smallerthanatypicalsubcompact,abletowheelintoaparkingspacesideways,costabout$10,000andreach90milesanhour.e.g.sedann.厢式小客车；小汽车A10%pricereductionforsedan-carsisforecastinthenearfuture.e.g.Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureflexibilityn.灵活；变通Thenewsoftwarepackagecombinespowerwithmaximumflexibility.e.g. Beingself-employedallowedhimtheflexibilitytoworkunusualhours.*Unit2CompanyStructureresponsen.反应；回应Thepublicresponsetothenewmodelhasbeenverypositive.e.g. Shesaidshewaswritinginresponseto(=asaresponseto)anadinthepaper.*Unit2CompanyStructurematrixn.矩阵TheAnsoffMatrixillustratesmajorbusinessstrategieswhichhaveastrongimpactonmarketingstrategy.e.g.n.网络；网状物Birminghamhasbeendescribedasamatrixofsmallworkshops.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureindividualn.个体；个人Theywaitforthegrouptodecideratherthanmakingindividualdecisions.e.g. Dividethevegetablesamongfourindividualdishes.*Unit2CompanyStructureparticularadj.具体的；特定的；某一的Fatigueisaparticularproblemforwomen.e.g.n.全体职员Allpersonnelmustattendthemeeting.e.g. Particularemphasiswillbeplacedonorallanguagetraining.personnel*Unit2CompanyStructureglobalizationn.全球化Weneedtotakeamorepositivestancetowardsglobalization.e.g. TrendstowardtheglobalizationofindustryhavedramaticallyaffectedfoodproductioninCalifornia.*Unit2CompanyStructuredemandingadj.（人）苛求的Hefoundhecouldnolongercopewithhisdemandingjob.e.g.v.要求；需要Idemandtoknowwhat'sgoingonhere!e.g. HerbosswasverydemandingbutappreciativeofChristina'stalents.demand*Unit2CompanyStructurehierarchicaladj.等级
制度
关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载
的Itisaveryhierarchicalcompanyandthere'slittleplaceforindividualinitiative.e.g.n.网络；网状物Ahierarchyofideasandbeliefsinvolvesorganizingthemintoasystemorstructure.e.g. TheorderofTheRepublicthroughoutisarchitectonicandhierarchical.hierarchy*Unit2CompanyStructuredependon视……而定；取决（于）Hedependedonhiswritingforhisincome. Admissiontotheuniversitydependssolelyonastudent’sperformance.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureforinstance例如Letyourchildmakesomeofthesmalldecisionsconcerninghisdailyroutine.Forinstance,allowhimtochoosewhatclotheshewearsattheweekend. OldEnglishwasinmanywayssimilartoModernGerman.Forinstance,thenouns,adjectives,andverbswerehighlyinflected.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureseparateinto把……分开Thepolicewantedtoseparatethemintosmallergroups. Wallerstein’sworkcanbeseparatedintothreemaincomponentthemes.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureleadto导致Ethnictensionsamongtherepublicscouldleadtocivilwar. Hewarnedyesterdaythatapayriseforteacherswouldleadtojobcuts.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureliewith在于；取决于Inthelastanalysis,theresponsibilityforthisfailuremustliewiththechiefengineer. Thefaultdoesnotliewiththegovernmentofficials.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureUnderstandingtheTextWritedowntheappropriatetypeofcompanystructureundereachchartaccordingtothetext.Task2FunctionalStructureEntrepreneurialStructureMatrixStructureDivisionalStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureTask3Answerthequestionswiththeinformationyoufindinthetext.Whichofthefourtypesofcompanystructureisthemostcommoninsmallcompanies?EntrepreneurialStructure.Thedisadvantageisalackofcommunicationwithinthecompany,makingthecompanyinflexibleandslowtorespondwhenchangesarerequired.1.2.WhatisthedisadvantageofFunctionalStructure?*Unit2CompanyStructure3.WhatistheadvantageofDivisionalStructure?Thisstructureallowsflexibilityandaquickresponsetochangesinthemarketplace.Theindividualsarechosenfortheirparticularskillsandknowledgeaccordingtotheneedsoftheproject.InMatrixStructure,howareindividualschosentoworkforaparticularprojectortask?4.Task3Answerthequestionswiththeinformationyoufindinthetext.*Unit2CompanyStructureWorkinpairs.Supposeyouareoneoftheemployeeswhohavelearnedaboutthefourtypesofcompanystructure.Nowbrieflysummarizewhatyouhavelearnedandtellittoyourpartner.1*Unit2CompanyStructureEntrepreneurialStructure Advantages:quickdecisionmakingaspoweriscentralized;timelyresponsetochanges. Disadvantages:notsuitableforlargerbusiness;topmanagerscarryingaheavyworkload;littleinitiativefromthestaffastheyarenotincludedinthedecision-makingprocess.Knowmore:*Unit2CompanyStructureFunctionalStructure Advantages:employeeshavingnodifficultyinunderstandingwhatisexpectedofthem;alldutiesandresponsibilitiesbeingclearlydefined. Disadvantages:departmentsbeinglimitedtotheirdutiesand,therefore,becomingshort-sighted;alackofcommunicationwithinacompanyandslowresponsetochanges.*Unit2CompanyStructureDivisionalStructure Advantages:flexibilityandquickresponsetochangesinthemarket;allowingateamtofocusonasingleproductorservice;beingabletobuildacommonculturethatcontributesbothtohighermoraleandabetterknowledgeofthedivision’sportfolio. Disadvantages:thepossibilityofunequalallocationofcompanyresources;divisionshavingtoomuchautonomyandbeingconcernedonlywiththeirownbusiness.*Unit2CompanyStructureMatrixStructure Advantages:quickresponsestochangesamonganumberofdepartments;enablingconstructivedevelopment;closercooperationandcommunicationbetweendepartmentsastheyworktowardsacommongoal;informationbeingsharedequallysodecisionscanbemadeforthebenefitofthecompany. Disadvantages:moreexpensivetorunthebusinessbecauseofthecomplexcommunicationsystem;conflictontheallocationofresourcesbetweenlinemanagersandprojectmanagers.*Unit2CompanyStructureDealingwithLanguageTask4Matchthewordsandphrasesfromthetextwiththeirdefinitions.1.operate2.entrepreneurial3.finance4.marketing5.beseparatedinto6.flexibility7.hierarchical8.responsea.theactivityofdecidinghowtoadvertiseaproduct,whatpricetochargeforitetc.,orthetypeofjobinwhichyoudothisb.thecommercialorgovernmentactivityofmanagingmoney,debt,credit,andinvestmentc.havingthequalitiesthatareneededtosucceedasanentrepreneurd.arrangedaccordingtodifferentranksorpositionse.theabilitytochangeorbechangedeasilytosuitadifferentsituationf.toorganizeabusinessoractivity,ortocarryoutyourbusinessoractivitiesinaparticularwayg.somethingthatisdoneasareactiontosomethingthathashappenedorbeensaidh.tobedividedorsplitintodifferentpartsorlayers*Unit2CompanyStructureTask5CompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsandphrasesinTask4. Thenewpolicyofthecompanyhasprovedtobeafailedeffort.Thesalesvolumehasfallengreatly. TheDepartmentwillhelptojudgewhetheritisworthwhiletoinvestsuchalargeamountofmoneyinthisproject. MostbusinessmenherecomefromWenzhou,acityfamousforthespiritofitspeople. Thecompanyispoorlyandhasbeenlosingmoneysincelastyear. Allthememberorganizationscomewithanopenmindandarewillingtoshowtheir Theexhibitiondesignsixsectionseachspanningover20years. Inhersetofvalues,honestycomesthefirst. Wereceivedover400applicationsintoonejobadvertisement.marketingFinanceentrepreneurialoperatedflexibility.isseparatedintohierarchicalresponse**response*Unit2CompanyStructureTask6Translatethesentences.Keywordsandphrasesareinbrackets. Face-to-facecommunicationbetweentheemployerandemployeesareusuallyadoptedinsmallbusinesses.(面对面沟通)2.Apublishingcompanywithadivisionalstructuremighthaveonedivisionfortextbooks,anotherforperiodicals,andathirdforpopculturereadingmaterials.(一个……，另一个……，还有一个……)小型企业常采取雇主与员工面对面的沟通方式。采用部门制结构的出版公司可能会下设如下部门：教材部、期刊部以及大众读部。*Unit2CompanyStructure 我想知道史密斯先生是如何对这些批评做出回应的。(respondto,criticism)3.Inthiscase,theresponsibilityofthisfailuremustliewiththechiefengineer.(在于)4.你已经长大了，不能再靠你父亲来解决这些问题。(dependon)在这次事件中，失败的责任一定在总
工程
路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理
师身上。Sinceyouhavegrownup,youshouldnolongerdependonyourfathertosolvetheseproblems.IwouldliketoknowhowMr.Smithrespondedtothecriticism.Task6Translatethesentences.Keywordsandphrasesareinbrackets.*Unit2CompanyStructure2Workingroups.Mostcompaniespresenttheircompanies’structuresonline.Searchonlineforacompany’sstructure,andintroduceittotheclass.Whilepreparingtheintroduction,remember:●noteverycompany’sstructurecanexactlymatchoneofthefourtypesinReadingA;●drawingachartcanhelptomakeyourintroductioneasiertounderstand.*Unit2CompanyStructure2Youcanorganizetheirintroductionbythefollowingsteps:Starttheintroduction●Wedliketointroduce…●Wedliketosayafewwordsabout…Showtheintroductionoutline●Theintroductionwillbemadefrom…aspects.●Ivedividedourpresentationinto…sections.Introducestepbystep●Firstofall/First…●Then/Second…●Third…●Finally…Conclusion●Tosumup,…*动词后缀在名词或形容词后增加后缀构成动词是一种常见的构词法。课文中出现的-ize即为常见的动词后缀，此外-ify,-en,-ate也是常见的后缀。如：modern（现代的）→modernize（使……现代化）organ（有机组织）→organize（组织起来）beauty（美丽）→beautify（使……变得美丽）horror（恐怖）→horrify（使……感到恐怖）strength（力量）→strengthen（使……有力量）hard（坚硬的）→harden（使……变得坚硬）active（活跃的）→activate（使……活跃起来）valid（有效的）→validate（确认……有效的）Samplefromthetext:Thecompanystructureistotallycentralized.Unit2CompanyStructureFocusingonGrammar*FocusingonGrammarMoreExamples-ize:mechanize,civilize,systematize,sympathize,equalize-ify:intensify,signify,amplify,identify,electrify-en:quicken,weaken,thicken,shorten,lengthen,sadden-ate:separate,operate,indicate,vibrate,hyphenate,laminate动词后缀Unit2CompanyStructure*Task7Changethenounsandadjectivesintoverbsbyaddingsuffixesinthebox.globalsimplepassiveoriginweaknormalclasspuresoftsocialstandardwideglobalizepassivizesimplifyoriginateweakennormalizeclassifypurifysoftensocializestandardizewidenUnit2CompanyStructure-ize-ify-en-ate*Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.Task81.Beforeplayingthenewgame,yourselfwiththerules.(familiar)2.Canyouhowbigthiscompanywillbeintenyears’time?(visual)3.Airpollutionwilldirectlypeople’shealth.(threat)4.Idon’tknowwhetherwestillneedtoimprovetheplan;ourbossisgoingtoittonight.(final)5.Allthefilesontheshelvesarewelltomakeiteasiertolookthingsup.(class)6.Earthquakesfarbelowthesurface.(origin)7.Thebreadwillifyoupoursomeliquidonit.(soft)familiarizevisualizethreatenfinalizeclassifiedoriginatesoftenUnit2CompanyStructure*被动语态叙述客观事实被动语态中动作的施动者不直接出现，句子的重心往往落在实施的动作上。所以，被动语态便于论述客观事实，常出现在科技文章、新闻报道和景物描写中。如：Whenitiscoldenough,waterwillbeturnedintoice.ManyvillagesandtownsinHunanProvincewerehitbythefloodaweekago.Samplefromthetext:Acompanycanbeorganizedinmanydifferentways,dependingonitsgoals.Unit2CompanyStructure*FocusingonGrammarMoreExamples Overthreethousandcivilianswerekilledinthebombingstrike. Houseswerebadlydamagedintheflood. Thisviewhasbeenchallengedbyanumberofworkers. Sofar,themoonhasbeenvisitedbyearthmenseveraltimes. Computerscanalsobeusedtoautomateshipbuilding.被动语态叙述客观事实Unit2CompanyStructure*Task9Rewritethesentencesbyusingpassivevoice. Someonestoleahugeamountofmoneyfromthebank.Peoplecanreducethelossofenergyto20percentbyusingthisnewprocess.Ageneratorcanchangethemechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy.Ahugeamountofmoneywasstolenfromthebank.Thelossofenergycanbereducedto20percentbythisnewprocess.Mechanicalenergycanbechangedintoelectricalenergybyagenerator.Unit2CompanyStructure* Forestsofpineandfircovertwothirdsofthisarea.Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Peopletookawaythewoundedtohospitalimmediately,andthegovernmentsentpolicementheretocopewiththeevent.Twothirdsofthisareaiscoveredbyforestsofpineandfir.Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Thewoundedwereimmediatelytakenawaytohospital,andpolicemenweresenttheretocopewiththeevent.Task9Rewritethesentencesbyusingpassivevoice.Unit2CompanyStructure*Unit2CompanyStructureTextTask2Task1SettingTask3Task4*Unit2CompanyStructureAfterexplainingthedifferenttypesofcompanystructure,theHRManagerbeginstointroducethestructureoftheircompany,thatis,thestructureofP&G.Setting:*Unit2CompanyStructureThefollowingaresomefamousbrandsofP&G.CanyoutelltheirChinesenames?Task1汰渍飘柔帮宝适玉兰油佳洁士舒肤佳*Unit2CompanyStructureStrengthinStructure—P>heorganizationalstructureofP&GiscomprisedofthreeGlobalBusinessUnits(GBU’s)andaGlobalOperationsGroup.TheGlobalOperationsGroupconsistsofMarketDevelopmentOrganization(MDO)andGlobalBusinessServices(GBS).Procter&Gamble*Unit2CompanyStructureGlobalBusinessUnitsThethreeGBU’sareBeauty,HealthandWell-being,andHouseholdCare.ThemainresponsibilityoftheGBU’sistodeveloptheoverallstrategyfortheirspecificbrands.Theyidentifyconsumerneeds,developnewproductsandbuildbrands.Througheffectiveresearchanddevelopmentandmarketing,theyhavebeenverysuccessful.*Unit2CompanyStructureEachGlobalBusinessUnithastwosegments:BeautyandGrooming;HealthCareandPetCare;FabricandHomeCare,andBabyandFamilyCare.*Unit2CompanyStructureGlobalOperationsGroupMarketDevelopmentOrganizationTheMarketDevelopmentOrganization(MDO)isresponsiblefordeelopingplansatlocallevel.TheMDOincludesdedicatedretailcustomers,tradechannelsandsalesteamsspecifictoeachcountry.Therearesevengeographicregions:NorthAmerica,WesternEurope,NortheastAsia,Central&EasternEurope/MiddleEast/Africa,LatinAmerica,ASEAN/Australia/India,andGreaterChina.东南亚国家联盟*Unit2CompanyStructureGlobalBusinessServicesGBSprovidesinformationtechnology(IT)andstandarddatatoolstoenabletheGBU’sandtheMDOtobetterunderstandandoperatethebusiness.GBSisresponsibleforprovidingbusinesssupportservicesatthelowestpossiblecosts.*Unit2CompanyStructurebecomprisedof包括；由……组成ThecounciliscomprisedofmembersoftheninetribesintheHanfordregion. Thecourseiscomprisedoftencoremodules.consistof由……组成Ourcondominiumcomplexconsistsof24buildings. Theoperationmustconsistofasetofwell-definedtasks.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructurewellbeingn.健康；安乐；康乐Wehopetoimprovethehealthandwell-beingofpoorchildren. Divorcehasastrongeffectonpeople'spsychologicalwell-being.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructurehouseholdadj.家庭的；家用的Marthahasgivenawayherhouseholdthings. Husbandsandwivesoftensharehouseholdchores.overalladj.总的；整体的Youcertainlygettheoverallimpressionofaverywell-run,clearly-focusedbusiness. Theprojectbudgetisaround＄25millionoverall.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructurestrategyn.策略Whatshouldourmarketingstrategyhaveachieved? I'vejustbeenexplainingthebasicprinciplesofstrategytomygenerals.identifyv.识别；确认Ifyoucanidentifysomeoneorsomething,youareabletorecognizethemordistinguishthemfromothers. Havingidentifiedtheproblem,thequestionarisesofhowtoovercomeit.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructuresegmentn.部分Women'stennisisthemarketleaderinagrowingmarketsegment—women'ssports. Givemeasegmentofatangerinetotaste.groomingn.梳洗打扮Thereisagrowingconcernforpersonalgrooming. Therearefivenewmen'sgroomingproducts.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructurefabricn.织物Thisisagoodfabricsoftenerforwoolens. Thisisafinefabricforladies'dresses.delicatedadj.专门的Thisisthedelicateddata.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructurefabricn.织物Thisisagoodfabricsoftenerforwoolens. Thisisafinefabricforladies'dresses.delicatedadj.专门的Thisisthedelicateddata.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructurechanneln.途径；渠道Thegovernmentwillsurelyusethediplomaticchannelsavailable. MoscowandtheBalticrepublicsarereopeningchannelsofcommunication.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructuregeographicadj.地理的；地理学的Localeconomicdevelopmentissloweddownbytheplateauclimateandgeographicconditions. Thegeographicpositionisveryadvantageous.datan.资料；信息Allthedatashowsthattheseanimalsaremoreadaptablethanwethought. Dataindicatesthatmostcrimeiscommittedbyyoungmales.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructuregeographicadj.地理的；地理学的Localeconomicdevelopmentissloweddownbytheplateauclimateandgeographicconditions. Thegeographicpositionisveryadvantageous.datan.资料；信息Allthedatashowsthattheseanimalsaremoreadaptablethanwethought. Dataindicatesthatmostcrimeiscommittedbyyoungmales.e.g.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructuretooln.工具Thevideohasbecomeaninvaluableteachingtool. TheInternethasbeenaneffectivetoolforadvertising.e.g.*Unit2CompanyStructureTask2CompletethechartofP&Gstructureaccordingtothetext.HealthandWell-beingHouseholdCareBeautyGroomingPetCareFabricandHomeCareBabyandFamilyCareGlobalOperationsGroupGlobalBusinessServices*Unit2CompanyStructureTask3Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.1.Youshouldnotwastemoneyonbuyinghandbagsoftheseluxury_______whileyouarestilloutofwork.2.Toensurethesuccessofanewproduct,asurveyofcorrespondingmarket__________mustbecarriedout.3.Generally,internationalcompanieschoosetoestablishofficesinaccordancewiththeirdivisionof__________regions. 4.Thecrucialsteptobetakenbeforeproductdevelopmentisto______theneedsofcustomers.brandssegmentgeographicidentifygeographicsegmentdedicatedstrategyoverallidentifybrandhousehold*Unit2CompanyStructureTask3Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.5.Afterover100yearsofgrowth,thecompanyhasrealizeditsgoalofbecominga(n)__________brand.6.Hisbusinesshaswonagreatsuccess,largelythankstothe__________tradechannelinthisarea.7.Surveysmaytellyouthe_______impressionsofcustomersonthenewmodelofcar,butnotways toimproveit.8.Manycountries’development__________nowgiveprioritytoruraldevelopment.householddedicatedoverallstrategies*Unit2CompanyStructureTask4Translatethesentences.Keywordsandphrasesareinbrackets.Beforeanewproductdesign,itissuggestedtoidentifythemarketneeds.(定位)Theoveralleconomicdeclinecausedthiscompany’sfallinsalesthisspring.(整体的)在设计新产品之前，建议先对市场需求进行定位。整体经济下滑导致了本公司今年春季销售额的下降。*Unit2CompanyStructureTask4Translatethesentences.Keywordsandphrasesareinbrackets.3.Thisinvestigationteamiscomprisedoffifteenrepresentativesfromsixcountries.(由……构成)4.公司的销售部门由三个销售小组构成。(consistof)5.宝洁公司的很多家居品牌很受大多数消费者的欢迎。(household,brand,P&G)调查小组由来自六个国家的15名代
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关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf
组成。TheSalesDepartmentofthiscompanyconsistsofthreesalesteams.ManyhouseholdbrandsofP&Genjoygreatpopularityamongconsumers.*Unit2CompanyStructureTask1Listentothefiveshortself-introductions.Matcheachspeakerwiththedepartmenttheybelongto.Workinpairs.Tellyourpartnerinwhichdepartmentamongthefiveaboveyou’dliketoworkandwhy.*Unit2CompanyStructureTask2Listentothepassage.Completetheorganizationchartaccordingtowhatyouhear.newemployeeswiththenecessaryskillsandattitudeBillperformintheirworkTrainingandDevelopmentEmployeeRelationsManager*Unit2CompanyStructureWorkingroups.Discusshowyourclassisorganized.Introducetheclassleadersandtheirresponsibilities.YoumayrefertothepassageinTask2.FTTTF*Unit2CompanyStructureThechartshowsthestructureofacompany.Introducethepeople’spositionsandtheirrelationshipsbyusingthefollowingexpressions.*Unit2CompanyStructureSetting:Catherine,theheadofHRDepartmentatP&G,isdiscussingwithherassistantaboutthetrainingprogramforthenewemployees.Oneofthetrainingcoursesistofamiliarizethenewemployeeswiththecompanystructure.Task1Formagroupof6or8asateamresponsiblefordesigningthetrainingcourseofintroducingP&G’sstructure.*Unit2CompanyStructureTask2Followthesteps.*Unit2CompanyStructureTask3MakeabriefintroductiontoP&G’sstructure.Usethechartasareference.*Unit2CompanyStructureTask1Catherine,theheadofHRDepartment,sendsane-mailtotheHouseholdCareUnitstafftointroduceThomasWangonhisfirstdayatwork.Thefollowingisthebasicinformationthatshouldbeincludedinthee-mail.*Unit2CompanyStructureTask2CompleteCatherine’se-mailbasedontheinformationinTask1.aBusinessEnglishmajorwhojustgraduatedfromGuangdongUniversityofFinance.AdministrativeAssistantintheHouseholdCareUnitwillberesponsibleforthepersonnelmanagementinourunit.Hetakescareofalltheofficialdocuments,andwillassistwiththedailyadministrativeworksuchasmeetingpreparation,travelarrangementandvisitors’reception.*Unit2CompanyStructureMakingaCompanyIntroduction Stayawayfromgossipintheoffice. Followthelineofreport. Treateverybodyintheofficewithrespect,regardlessoftheirranksortitles. Keeptelephonecallstoyourself:Moderateyourtoneandvoicewhilemakingcalls.**Unit2CompanyStructure MynameisCatherine.Iamresponsibleforrecruitingandtrainingnewemployeesandhandlingissuesconcerningthewelfareofthestaff.2.Hello!MynameisWendy.Myresponsibilityistoplanandmanagethecompany’smoney.Andthisincludesfinancialanalysis,taxpayments,accountingandcostanalysis.3.I’mEdward.Mymaindutyistodeliverproductstoourcustomers.Myjobensuresacontinuoussupplytothemarket.4.I’mAmanda.Ihavefrequentcontactwiththepress,televisionandradio.Iprovidethemwithinformationsoastomaintaingoodwillandunderstandingbetweenthecompanyandthepublic.5.Hi,I’mAndy.I’minchargeofexperimentsandfindingnewproductstobestmeettheneedsoftheconsumers.Task1*Unit2CompanyStructureNow,pleaseletmeintroducethestructureoftheHumanResourcesDepartment.I’mCatherine.Asyoucanseeonthischarthere,IamtheHRDirectorandsoheadthedepartment.I’minchargeoftheoverallmanagementofthestaffandissuestodowiththeirwelfare.Therearefourmanagerswhoreporttome.First,JennyistheRecruitmentandSelectionManager.She’sresponsibleforattractingandselectingnewemployeeswiththenecessaryskillsandattitude.Next,wehaveaCompensationandBenefitsManager,Bill.Hemonitorshowwelltheemployeesperformintheirworkanddecidestheirsalaries.Then,wehavetheTrainingandDevelopmentManager,Kelvin.Heisinchargeoforganizingemployeetrainingandcareerdevelopmentprograms.Andfinally,DianeistheEmployeeRelationsManager.Shedealswithherelationshipsbetweenthemanagementandtheemployees.Task2*Unit2CompanyStructureCatherine:Thomas,welcometoP&GChina.Ihopeyouwillbehappyworkinghere.I’llshowyouaroundtheofficeandntroduceyoutosomeofyourcolleagues.Thomas:Thankyou.Thatwouldbenice.Wherearewenow?Catherine:We’reintheHouseholdCareGlobalBusinessUnitoffices.Thomas:Howistheunitstructured?Catherine:Well,asyouknow,HouseholdCareincludesmajorbrandssuchasAriel,PampersandDuracellbatteries.Thomas:So,there’sadivisionalstructure,right?Catherine:Yes.Eachsectionisresponsibleforitsbrand’sproduction,promotionandsales.Task3*Unit2CompanyStructureAstheadministrativeassistant,you’llsoongettounderstandhowitworks.Thomas:Aretheotherunitsstructuredinthesameway?Catherine:Basically,yes.However,someemployeesintheHRDepartmenthavebeenallocatedtotakecareofthepersonnelmanagementineachunit.Thomas:Isee,sothey’renotentirelyseparate,arethey?Catherine:No.Thomas:WhoistheDirectoroftheHouseholdCareUnit?Catherine:It’sMr.Edison.Butyou’llreporttotheAdmin.Manager.Youmethimatyourinterview.I’llintroduceyoutoMr.Edisonthough.Oh,herehecomes…*Unit2CompanyStructure组织架构之效力——以宝洁公司为例从组织架构上看，宝洁公司由三个全球业务单元和一个全球运营中心组成。其中，全球运营中心又由市场开发组织和全球业务服务两个部门构成。*Unit2CompanyStructure全球业务单元宝洁的三个全球业务单元分别为美尚、健康和家居，其主要职责是为旗下品牌开发整体战略。他们确认顾客需求、开发新品并打造品牌。通过有效研发和市场营销，全球业务单元获得了很大成功。*Unit2CompanyStructure每个全球业务单元又有两个分支，分别为：美容与化妆；健康护理与宠物护理；织物与家居品护理，婴儿与家庭护理。*Unit2CompanyStructure全球运营中心市场开发组织市场开发组织负责本地开发计划。该组织拥有专门的零售客户、交易渠道和针对各个国家组建的销售团队。市场开发组织的业务范围包含七个区域：北美、西欧、东北亚、中东欧/中东/非洲、拉丁美洲、东盟/澳大利亚/印度，以及大中华区。*Unit2CompanyStructure全球业务服务全球业务服务为全球业务单元和市场开发组织提供信息技术和
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