2022年同等学力英语真题及参考答案

同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试及参照答案PaperOne试卷一(90minutes)资料来源：天津财经大学在职硕士www.51xuewei.com，ysf.tjufe.edu.cn，PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes,15points)（略）PartIIVocabulary(15minutes,15points)SectionADirections:Inthissectiontherearefifteensentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.16.I’dliketotakethisopportunitytoextendmyheart-feltgratitudetothehost.A.increaseB.prolongC.intensifyD.express17.Chinesefarmersaremostlylivingasimpleandthriftylifeasitistoday.A.miserableB.economicalC.luxuriousD.sensible18.Manyofthelocalresidentslefthomestowardoffthedangerofflooding.A.overcomeB.encloseC.encounterD.avoid19.TheStateCouncilwilllaydownnewrulesthataimtomakemanagementcompatiblewithinternationallyacceptedconventions.A.conferencesB.conversationsC.practicesD.formations20.PersonalityinAmericansisfurthercomplicatedbysuccessivewavesofimmigrationfromvariouscountries.A.uninterruptedB.successfulC.forcefulD.overwhelming21.Withoutquestion,people’slivesinChinahaveimproveddramaticallyinthepasttwodecades.A.OutofthequestionB.NodoubtC.NaturallyD.Obviously22.Thedeancan’tseeyouatthemoment.Heisaddressingthefirst-yearstudentsinthelecturehall.A.complainingtoB.arguingwithC.speakingtoD.consultingwith23.Hedoesnothingthatviolatestheinterestsofthecollective.A.runsforB.runsagainstC.runsoverD.runsinto24.Asaresultofsophisticatedtechnologies,thisdevicehasseveraladvantagesoverlikeproducts.A.traditionalB.intelligentC.industriousD.advanced25.Thepatient’sconditionhasdeterioratedsincehehadaheartattack.A.improvedalittleB.remainedthesameC.becomeworseD.changedalot26.Whentakeninlargequantitiessomedrugscancausepermanentbraindamage.A.lastingB.seriousC.terribleD.temporary27.OneU.S.dollariscomparableto131JapaneseyenaccordingtoChinaDaily’sfinancenewsreportyesterday.A.compatibleB.compactC.equalD.entitled28.Atthattimeworkwasrestrictedtoslavesandtothosefewpoorcitizenswhocouldn’tsupportthemselves.A.attributedB.limitedC.connectedD.devoted29.Ifoundthisveryprofitableindiminishingtheintensityofnarrow-mindedprejudice.A.lesseningB.reflectingC.removingD.increasing30.Whenamanknowsthathewillbeputintoprisonifheusesapotentiallydeadlyobjecttorobordoharmtoanotherperson,hewillthinktwiceaboutit.A.passiveB.lifelongC.unhappyD.fatalSectionBDirections:Inthissection,therearefifteenincompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.31.ThisgreatprojectattheThreeGorgesoftheYangtzeisexpectedto_______twentyyearstocomplete.A.spendB.consumeC.needD.take32.Hiseffortofdecadesbeganto_______.Hecametobewell-knownforhisfindings.A.payoffB.dieoffC.putoffD.breakoff33.The_______oflungcancerisparticularlyhighamonglong-termheavysmokers，especiallychainsmokers.A.incidentB.accidentC.incidenceD.evidence34.Nothingissouncertainasthefashionmarketwhereonestyle_______overanotherbeforebeingreplaced.A.dominatesB.manipulatesC.overwhelmsD.prevails35.Mrs.Browncouldn’tshakethe_______thethesekidswereindeeptroubleanditwasuptohertohelpthem.A.conversionB.convictionC.conservationD.convention36.X-raysarealsocalledRontgenrays_______thediscovererwhofirstputthemtouse.A.incaseofB.inviewofC.inplaceofD.inhonorof37.Telecommunicationdevelopmentshaveenabledpeopletosendmessages_______television,radioandelectronicmail.A.viaB.amidC.pastD.across38.Technologyhas_______thesharing,storageanddeliveryofinformation,thusmakingmoreinformationavailabletomorepeople.A.finishedB.furnishedC.functionedD.facilitated39.Thephilosophyclassbeganwithtwentystudentsbutthree_______afterthemidtermexam.A.pickedupB.turnedoutC.droppedoutD.keptup40.Thefollowingaccountbytheauthor_______thedifferencebetweenEuropeanandAmericanreactions.A.illustratesB.acquiresC.demandsD.deletes41.Anintimateand_______knowledgeofhowyouaredoinginthecustomer’seyesiscritical.A.objectiveB.subordinateC.optionalD.subsequent42.Long_______toharmfulpollutantsismostlikelytoleadtoadeclineinhealth.A.contactB.touchC.useD.exposure43.Thearchitecturaldifferencesmay_______confusionordiscomfortfortheforeigntravelers.A.varyB.describeC.causeD.impress44._______beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.A.RatherthanB.ApartfromC.InsteadofD.Owingto45.Evenatdiscountedprices,thesepowerfulAIDSdrugsarefarbeyond_______formostoftheworld’s40millionHIV-infectedpeople.A.reachB.controlC.comprehensionD.imaginationPartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes,25points)Directions:Therearefivepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Passage1JohnGrishamwasbornonFebruary2,1955,inJonesboro,Arkansas,intheUSA.HisfatherwasaconstructionworkerandmovedhisfamilyallaroundthesouthernstatesofAmerica,stoppingwhereverhecouldfindwork.EventuallytheysettledinMississippi.Graduatingfromlawschoolin1981,GrishampracticedlawfornearlyadecadeinSouthaven,specializingincriminaldefenseandpersonalinjurylitigation(诉讼).In1983,hewaselectedtothestateHouseofRepresentativesandserveduntil1990.OnedayattheDessotoCountycourthouse,Grishamheardthehorrifyingtestimonyofa12-year-oldrapevictim.Hedecidedtowriteanovelexploringwhatwouldhavehappenedifthegirl’sfatherhadmurderedherattackers.Heproceededtogetupeverymorningat5a.m.toworkonthenovel,calledATimetoKill,whichwaspublishedin1988.Grisham’snextnovel,TheFirm,wasoneofthebiggesthitsof1991,spending47weeksonTheNewYorkTimesbestsellerlist.Grishamliveswithhiswifeandtwochildren,dividingtheirtimebetweentheirVictorianhomeona67acrefarminMississippianda204acreplantationnearCharlottesville,Virginia.Whenhe’snotwriting,Grishamdevotestimetocharitablecauses,includingmissiontripswithhischurchgroup.Asachildhedreamtofbecomingaprofessionalbaseballplayer,andnowservesasthelocalLittleLeaguecommissioner.Hehasbuiltsixballfieldsonhispropertyandhostschildrenfrom26LittleLeagueteams.46.JohnGrishamis________atpresent.A.awriterB.alawyerC.aprofessionalbaseballplayerD.acongressman47.WhatinspiredGrishamtowritehisfirstnovel?A.Acaseofmurder.B.AcaseofrapeC.Hisfather’sexperienceD.Hislifeonthefarm48.ThestoryofthenovelATimetoKillwouldprobablyfocuson__________?A.howthegirlwasattackedB.thecircumstancesoftherapeC.howthegirl’sfathertookrevengeD.howthecaseofrapewassettled49.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthenovelTheFirm?A.ItwaspopularatthetimeofpublicationB.ItearnedGrishamgreatfame.C.ItbroughtGrishamwealthD.ItwascarriedbyTheNewYorkTimesasaseries.50.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatGrishamhasbuiltballfieldsonhisproperty________.A.toachievehislife’sgoalasaprofessionalbaseballplayerB.tocoachchildreninbaseballC.toseehischildhooddreambeingrealizedinthechildrenD.toprovidefacilitiesofbaseballtraining.Passage2Aqualityeducationistheultimateliberator.Itcanfreepeoplefrompoverty,givingthemthepowertogreatlyimprovetheirlivesandtakeaproductiveplaceinsociety.Itcanalsofreecommunitiesandcountries,allowingthemtoleapforwardintoperiodsofwealthandsocialunitythatotherwisewouldnotbepossible.Forthisreason,theinternationalcommunityhascommitteditselftogettingalltheworld’schildrenintoprimaryschoolby,acommitmentknownasEducationforAll.Caneducationforallbeachievedby?Theanswerisdefinitely“yes,”althoughitisadifficulttask.Ifweknowmeasurethegoalintermsofchildrensuccessfullycompletingaminimumoffiveyearsofprimaryschool,insteadofjustenrollingforclasses,whichusedtobethemeasuringstickforeducation,thenthechallengebecomesevenmoredifficult.Only32countrieswereformerlybelievedtobeatriskofnotachievingeducationforallonthebasisofenrollmentrates.Thenumberrisesto88ifcompletionratesareusedasthecriterion.Still,thegoalisachievablewiththerightpoliciesandtherightsupportfromtheinternationalcommunity.59ofthe88countriesatriskcanreachuniversalprimarycompletionbyiftheybringtheefficiencyandqualityoftheireducationsystemsintolinewithstandardsobservedinhigher-performingsystems.Theyalsoneedsignificantincreasesinexternalfinancingandtechnicalsupport.The29countrieslaggingfarthestbehindwillnotreachthegoalwithoutunprecedentedratesofprogress.Butthisisattainablewithcreativesolution,includinguseofinformationtechnologies,flexibleandtargetedforeignaid,andfewerpeoplelivinginpoverty.Akeylessonofexperienceaboutwhatmakesdevelopmenteffectiveisthatacountry’scapacitytouseaidwelldependsheavilyonitspolicies,institutionsandmanagement.Whereacountryscoreswellonthesecriteria,foreignassistancecanbehighlyeffective.51.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhataqualityeducationcan__________.A.freecountriesfromforeignrulesB.speedupsocialprogressC.givepeoplefreedomD.liberatepeoplefromanyexploitation52.Ideally,thegoaloftheprogramofEducationforAllisto______by.A.getalltheworld’schildrentocompleteprimaryschoolB.enrollalltheworld’schildrenintoprimaryschoolC.givequalityeducationtopeopleof88countriesD.supportthosecommittedtotransformingtheireducationsystems53._________countriesarenowatriskofnotachievingeducationforallonthebasisofcompletionrates.A.32B.59C.29D.8854.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedastherightpolicy?A.Raisingtheefficiencyofeducationsystems.B.Improvingthequalityofeducation.C.Usinginformationtechnologies.D.Buildingmoreprimaryschool.55.Ascanbegatheredfromthelastparagraph,foreignaid_________.A.maynotbehighlyeffectiveB.isprovidedonlywhensomecriteriaaremetC.alonemakesdevelopmentpossibleD.ismosteffectiveforthosecountrieslaggingfarthestbehindPassage3MostpeoplethinkoflionsasstrictlyAfricanbeasts,butonlybecausethey’rebeenkilledoffalmosteverywhereelse.Tenthousandyearsagolionsspannedvastsectionsoftheglobe.Nowlionsholdonlyasmallfractionoftheirformerhabitat,andAsiaticlions,asubspeciesthatspitfromAfricanlionsperhaps100,000yearsago,hangontoanalmostimpossiblysmallsliceoftheirformerterritory.Indiaistheproudstewardofthese300orsolions,whichliveprimarilyina560-square-milesanctuary(保护区).IttookmeayearandahalftogetapermittoexploretheentireGirForest---andnotimeatalltoseewhytheselionsbecamesymbolsofroyaltyandgreatness.Atigerwillhideintheforestunseen,butalionstandsitsground,curiousandunafraid---lionhearted.ThoughtheytoldmeinsubtlewayswhenIgottooclose,Gir’slionsallowedmeuniqueglimpsesintotheirlivesduringmythreemonthsintheforest.It’soddtothinkthattheyarethreatenedbyextinction;Girhasasmanylionsasitcanhold----toomany,infact.Withterritoryinshortsupply,lionsmoveaboutneartheboundaryoftheforestandevenleaveitaltogether,oftenclashingwithpeople.That’sonereasonIndiaiscreatingasecondsanctuary.Thereareotherpressingreasons:outbreaksofdiseaseornaturaldisasters.In1994aseriousdiseasekilledmorethanathirdofAfrica’sSerengetilions----athousandanimals----afatethatcouldeasilyhappentoGir’scats.Theselionsareespeciallyvulnerabletodiseasebecausetheydescendfromasfewasadozenindividuals.“IfyoudoaDNAtest,Asiaticlionsactuallylooklikeidenticaltwins,”saysStephenO’Brien,ageneticist(基因学家)whohasstudiedthem.Yetthedangersarehidden,andyouwouldn’tsuspectthembywatchingtheselordsoftheforest.Thelionsdisplayvitality,andnosmallmeasureofcharm.Thoughthegentleintimacyofplayvanisheswhenit’stimetoeat,mealsinGirarenotnecessarilyfranticaffairs.Foramotherandherbabylionsharingadeer,orayoungmaleeatinganantelope(羚羊),there’snoneedtofightforacutofthekill.TheanimalstheyhuntforfoodaregenerallysmallerinGirthanthoseinAfrica,andhuntinggroupstendtobesmalleraswell.56.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthortellsusthatAsiaticlions______.A.havekilledoffotherlionsB.havedescendedfromAfricanlionsC.usedtospanvastsectionsoftheglobeD.havelosttheirhabitat57.WhatimpressedtheauthormostwhenhewenttowatchthelionsintheGirForest?A.Theirfriendliness.B.Theirsize.C.Theirintimacy.D.Theirvitality58.Whatdoesthesentence“…mealsinGirarenotnecessarilyfranticaffair”mean?A.Thelionsdonotshowintimacyamongthemanymore.B.Thelionsmaynotdeedtofightforfood.C.Foodisnotreadilyavailableinthatregion.D.Mealscanbeobtainedonlywithgreateffort59.ThelionsintheGirForestareespeciallyvulnerabletodiseasebecause______.A.theyhavedescendedfromadozenorsoancestorsB.theyaresmallerthantheAfricanlionsC.theydonothaveenoughtoeatD.theyarephysicallyweakerthantheAfricanlions60.OneofthereasonswhyIndiaiscreatingasecondarysanctuaryfortheAsiaticlionsisthat___A.thepresentsanctuaryisnotlargeenoughB.scientistswanttodomoreresearchonthemC.theyhavekilledmanypeopleD.theforestisshrinkinginsizePassage4Afterretirementfrommedical,mywifeandIbuiltourhomeinagatedcommunitysurroundedbyyachtclubsandgolfcoursesonHiltonHeadIsland.ButwhenIleftfortheothersideoftheisland,Iwastravelingonunpavedroadslinedwithleakycottages.The“lifestyle”ofmanyofthenativeislandersstoodinshockingcontrasttomycomfortableexistence.Bytalkingtothelocalfolks,Idiscoveredthatthevastmajorityofthemaids,gardeners,waitressesandconstructionworkerswhomakethisislandworkhadlittleornoaccesstomedicalcare.Itseemedoutrageoustome.Iwonderedwhysomeonedidn’tdosomethingaboutthat.Thenmyfather’swords,whichhehadaskedhischildrendailywhentheywereyoung,ranginmyheadagain:“Whatdidyoudoforsomeonetoday?”Eventhoughmyfatherhaddiedseveralyearsbefore,IguessIstilldidn’twanttodisappointhim.SoIstartedworkingonasolution.Theislandwasfullofretireddoctors.IfIcouldpersuadethemtospendafewhoursaweekvolunteeringtheirservices,wecouldprovidefreeprimaryhealthcaretothosesodesperatelyinneedofit.MostofthedoctorsIapproachedlikedtheidea,solongastheycouldberelicensedwithouttroubles.Ittookoneyearandplentyofpersistence,butIwasabletopersuadethestatelegislatorstocreateaspeciallicensefordoctorsvolunteeringinnot-for-profitclinics.Thetowndonatedland,localresidentscontributedofficeandmedicalequipmentandsomeofthepotentialpatientsvolunteeredtheirweekendsornamentingthebuildingthatwouldbecometheclinic.WenameditvolunteersinMedicineandweopeneditsdoorsin1994,fullystaffedbyretiredphysicians,nursesanddentistsaswellasnearly150nonprofessionalvolunteers.Thatyearwehad5,000patientvisits;lastyearwehad16,000.Somehowwordofwhatweweredoinggotaround.Soonwewerereceivingphonecallsfromretiredphysiciansalloverthecountry,askingforhelpinstartingVIMclinicsintheircommunities.Wedidthebestwecould----therearenow15otherclinicsoperating----butwecouldn’tkeepupwiththeneed.YetlastmonthIthinkmyfather’swordsfoundtheirwayupnorth,toMcNeilConsumerHealthcare,themakerofTylenol(泰诺：一种感冒药).AmajorgrantfromMcNeilwillallowustorespondtotheserequestsandhelpestablishotherfreeclinicsincommunitiesaroundthecountry.61.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thecontrastbetweentherichandthepooronanisland.B.Thestoryofamanwholikestogiveothersadvice.C.Thelifeandworkofagreatfather.D.Theinspirationofafather’swords62.Theauthorofthepassageis________.A.aretiredphysicianB.aretiredteacherC.aretiredmedicalresearcherD.aretiredconstructionworker63.ThepurposeofVolunteersinMedicineisto________.A.helpretiredmedicalworkersimprovetheirincomesB.providefreemedicalservicestothosewhoneedthemC.urgethegovernmenttosetupnon-profitclinicsD.makethedreamoftheauthor’sfathercometrue64.Whichofthefollowinghasbeendonebytheauthorhimself?A.BuyingthemedicalequipmentB.Findingthelandandtheoffice.C.Decoratingthebuildingthatwouldbecometheclinic.D.Gettingaspeciallicensefortheretireddoctors.''''65.Inthelastparagraph,“Ithinkmyfather’swordsfoundtheirwayupnorthtoMcNeil”impliesthat______.A.myfather’swordsfinallyreachedMcNeilB.McNeildecidedtodosomethingfortheneedypeopleC.MyfatherdecidedtoassistusinopeningmoreclinicsinthenorthD.McNeilcommunitywasbadlyinneedoffreehealthcareprogramsPassage5EvenbeforeHistorianJosephEllisbecameabest-sellingauthor,hewasfamousforhisvividlectures.InhispopularcoursesatMountHolyokeCollegeinMassachusetts,hewouldoftenmakeclassroomdiscussionlivelybydescribinghisowncombatexperienceinVietnam.ButasEllis’sreputationgrew-hisbooksontheFoundingFathershavewonboththeprestigiousNationalBookAwardandthePulitzerPrize——thehistoryprofessorbegantoentertainlocalandnationalreporterswithhismemoriesofwar.Lastyear,afterTheBostonGlobecarriedaccountsofEllis’sexperienceintheVietnamwar,someonewhoknewthetruthaboutEllisdroppedadime(揭发).LastweekTheBostonGloberevealedthatEllis,famousforexplainingthenation’shistory,hadsomeexplainingtodoabouthisownpast.“Eveninthebestoflives,mistakesaremade,”saidawretchedEllis.ItturnedoutthatwhilethedistinguishedhistorianhadservedintheArmy,he’dspenthiswaryearsnotinthejunglesofSoutheastAsia,butteachinghistoryatWestPoint(西点军校).He’dalsooverstatedhisroleintheantiwarmovementandevenhishigh-schoolathleticrecords.Hisadmissionshockedcolleagues,fellowhistoriansandstudentswhowonderedwhysomeonesoaccomplishedwouldbeautifyhispast.Butitseemsthatsuccessandtruthfulnessdon’talwaysgohandinhand.Evenamongthedistinguishedachievers,securityexpertssay,oneintenisdeceiving—indulgingineverythingfromemptyboastingtomoreseriousoffensessuchasplagiarism(抄袭),fictionalizingmilitaryrecords,makingupfalseacademiccertificatesorworse.And,oddly,prominentpeoplewhobeautifythepastoftendosooncethey’refamous,saysErnestBrodofKrollAssociates,whichhasconductedthousandsofbackgroundchecks.SaysBrod:“It’snotliketheyusetheseliestoclimbtheladder.”Thenwhatmakesthemdoit?Psychologistssaysomepeoplesucceed,atleastinpart,becausetheyareuniquelyadjustedtotheexpectationsofothers.Andnomatterhowwell-known,thosepeoplecanbehauntedbyasenseoftheirownshortcomings.“Fromoutside,thesepeoplelookanythingbutfragile,”saysDennisShulman,aNewYorkpsychoanalyst.“Butinside,theyfeelhollow,empty.”66.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutEllis?A.HeisafamousprofessorofhistoryatWestPoint.B.HisbookontheVietnamwarhaswontwoimportantprizes.C.Hehastoldbothstudentsandreportersabouthisownexperienceofwar.D.Hehaswrittenabest-sellerforanewspaper—TheBostonGlobe67.WhileEllisservedintheArmy,he.A.combatedinVietnamB.taughtatamilitaryschoolC.exaggeratedhispartasahistorianD.mademistakesintheantiwarmovement68.WhatdidEllislieabout?A.HiswarexperienceinVietnam.B.Hisathleticrecordsinhighschool.C.Hisroleintheantiwarmovement.D.Alloftheabove.69.Whatdoes“toclimbtheladder”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Tobecomemoresuccessful.B.Toinquireintoone’sbackground.C.Tocoverone’sseriousoffenses.D.Togofurtherinbeautifyingone’spast.70.Accordingtopsychologists,successfulpeoplewholieaboutthemselves.A.takeprideintheirweaknessesB.feelweakintheirheartsC.thinknothingofothersD.lookweaktoothersPartIVCloze(15minutes,10points)Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewithtwentyblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkthecorrespondingletteronyourANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.With950millionpeople,IndiarankssecondtoChinaamongthemostpopulouscountries.ButsinceChina71afamilyplanningprogramin1971,Indiahasbeenclosingthe72.Indianshavereducedtheirbirthratebutnotnearly73theChinesehave.Ifcurrentgrowthratescontinue,India’spopulationwill74China’saroundtheyear202875about1.7billion.Shouldthathappen,itwon’tbethe76oftheenlightenedwomenofKerala,astateinsouthernIndia.77Indiaasawholeaddsalmost20millionpeopleayear,Kerala’spopulationisvirtually78.ThereasonisNomystery:nearlytwo-thirdsofKeralawomenpracticebirthcontrol,79about40%intheentirenation.Thedifference80theemphasisputonhealthprograms,81birthcontrol,bythestateauthorities,82in1957becameIndia’sfirstelectedCommunist83.Andaneducationaltraditionandmatrilineal(母系旳)customsinpartsofKeralahelpgirlsandboysget84goodschooling.WhileoneinthreeIndianwomenis85,90%ofthoseinKeralacanreadandwrite.Higherliteracyrates86Familyplanning.“UnlikeourParents,weknowthatwecandomoreforourchildrenifwehave87ofthem,”saysLailaCherian,33,wholivesintheVillageofKudamaloor.ShehasLimitedherself88threechildren—onebelowthenational89offour.Thatkindofrestraint(克制；克制)willkeepKeralafromputtingadded90onworldfoodsupplies.71.A.discoveredB.circulatedC.launchedD.transmitted72.A.gapB.topC.bitD.bet73.A.asmanyasB.aswellasC.assoonasD.asmuchas74.A.shakeB.passC.rocketD.impress75.A.onB.inC.atD.for76.A.forceB.fightC.falseD.fault77.A.WhileB.SinceC.BecauseD.Suppose78.A.reliableB.stableC.countableD.flexible79.A.benefitedfromB.involvedwithC.comparedwithD.resultedfrom80.A.liesinB.showsoffC.resultsinD.departsfrom81.A.revivingB.includingC.practicingD.containing82.A.thatB.sinceC.whatD.which83.A.groupB.allianceC.governmentD.bureau84.A.equallyB.officiallyC.sharplyD.proudly85.A