三种小花蝽核型研究（半翅目：花蝽科）

三种小花蝽核型研究（半翅目：花蝽科） 三种小花蝽核型研究(半翅目:花蝽科) 品分夹学招EntomotaxonomiaVb1.29.NO.3 Sept.,2007 StudiesontheKaryotypeofThreeSpecies intheGenusOriuseGenusUS'W''O'll,iE- (Hemiptera:Anthocoridae) WANGYi—ping,BUWen-jun2,ZHANGHu—fang,WUHong (1.DepartmentofBiology,CollegeofForestandBiotechnology,ZhejiangForestryUniversity, Lin'an,Zh~iang311300,China; 2.DepartmentofBiology,NankaiUniversity,Tianj300071.China; 3.DepartmentofBiology,NormalCollegeofZ~uan,Ta~uan,Shanxi030000,China) Abstract:Karyotypeof3speciesofthegenusOriusWo1ffwerefirstlystudiedusingthe Giemsastainingandsquashingslidesmethodinmalegermcel1.Itisreportedthatnumber ofchromosomeandsystemofsexchromosomeofhaploidchromosomecomplementof thesespeciesisn=l1A+X(Y)inthefirstmeioticstage.However,thebehaviorof chromosomesamongthespeciesaredifferentdistinctly,thuscytotaxonomiccharacterCan beadoptedtOtheidentificationamongthethreespecies. Keywords:Hemiptera;Anthocoridae;Orius;ctu'omosome;karyotype CLCnumber:Q969.357.5Documenl:code:A ArticleID:100o一7482(2007)03—0205—04 lIntroduction ThegenusOriusWloIffiSoneofthelargestgenusinthefamilyAnthocoridae (Hemiptera:Heteroptera),andincludes76species.Speciesofthisgenusmainlyfeedon allkindsofagriculturalandforestpestinsects.SOthepredaceous0riUSareimportantin ecosystemandhaveagreatpotentialinbiologicalcontrol'.Sofar.karyotypeofonly threespeciesintheOriushasbeenbrieflyreportedas2n=22A+XYbvTakenouchiin1971 andWangeta1.in2OO4,andnodetailedinformationonchromosomebehavioriSknownin thisgenuslq,31.ThereareseveralchromosomalcharacteristicsintheHeteropterasuchas holokineticchromosomes,diversityofsexchromosomesystems(XO,XYmultiplesex chromosomes),existenceofapairofmctn:omosomes,occurrenceofchiasmaticand achiasmaticmeiosesandSOon,whichareveryimportantfromthephylogeneticalpointof viewtoknowtowhatextentthesecharacteristicsexistwithintheinfraorder Cimicoromorpha..'.ThusmorekaryotypeinformationtobeknowniSofsignificancetothe genus. Receiveddate:2006—10—08 Foundationitem:TheworkwassupportedbyZhejiangForestryCollegeScienceFoundation 205 206昆虫分类第29卷第3期 2Materialsandmethods MaterialsstudiedarelistedinTable1. Malespecimenswerefixedinanethanol:glacialaceticacidmixturef3:1).Testeswere dissectedindistilledwater,transferredintoadropof45%aceticacidonslidefor2,3min. thencoveredwithcoverslip,squashedgentlyandfrozeninrefrigerator(一20~C).Slidescan becollectedontheiceandairdrieduntilstained.andtheslideswerestoredforatleastaweek. Slideswasimmersedin1NHClatroomtemperaturefor20,30min.beforestainedby4% Giemsafor30,45min. ThematerialforthisstudyisdepositedindepartmentofbiologyofNankaiUniversity. UsingOlympusbiologymicrography(madeinJapan),thephotosamplificationnumber= 10×2×1o0. Table1.Dataofmaterialsstudied 3Results 3.1Oriushorvath(Reuter) Condensingoutofthediffusestageindiakinesis—I.heteropycnoticXchromosomesform ball— bodyidentifiedeasily(Fig.11.Atdiakinesis.IIitshows12chromosomeselementsanda conspicuouslythickX— chromosome.ThelengthofautosomeiSthe3timesaslongasshortest ones(Fig.2). ThehaploidchromosomecomplementofthespeciesiSexpressedn=llA+XYAt prophase—I,allchromosomesbegintodisperseevenlyoutofcell(Fig-3).X— chromosomeis onlypositivelyheteropycnoticbodyanditisdistinguishedfromothers.(Fig.2) Atanaphase—II,sexualchromosomesmovetowardoppositetwopoles. 3.2OriusrninutusL. ArrangmentofthechromosomesiSradialatthefirstmeiosis.Metaphase—I,axially orientedautosomelbivalentsformingaring,andXchromosomeandYchromosomebivalent iSinthecenterofcell(Fig.61.Thereare13chromosomesobservedinthisstage,andthetwo sexualchromosomesweresimilartoautosomalonesinsize(Fig.6). Atdiakinesis—Iautosomalbivalentshaveoneterminalorsubterminalchiasma,and univalentXandYchromosomescouldbeseenduringthisstage(Fig_4).Atdiakinesis—II,X chromosomestandaroundthesideofcellwithautosomessurroundingthem(Fig.5).At prophaes—II,onlyX— chromosomewaspositivelyheteropyenoticandstandingperipheryof celldifferentforothers. 3.3Oriussauteri(Poppius) Malemeiosisischaracterizedbyaprominentdiffusestage,duringwhichonly heteropycnoticsexchromosomesareobservedobviously,andsexchromosomeispositively 2007年9月王义平等:三种小花蝽核型研究 heteropyenoticwithaheterochromaticblockstandinginthecenterofcel1. Atdiakinesis—I.haploidconsistsof12chromosomesnamelyn=l1A+Ywhichinfers diploid2n-22A+XY(Fig.7).AtthisstageY-chromosomewasnegativelyheteropyenotic difierentfromtheothers.andX—chromosomeisbiggeranddenserthanothers.Therefc)re X—chromosomecanbeeasilyidentified.Atprophase—I.allchromosomesbecomefurther dense,andXandYchromosomeshasmovedfromthecenterofcelltotheperipheryfFig.8). Atanaphase—II,autosomesdividedequationallyandXandYsexchromosomesfa11apart tobesegregatedtothetwooppositepolesearlierthantheautosomes(Fig.9. ?|)I『一? ??'- 4 2 ? 1il ? 5 t |-l y ? 8 ? 3 ? / 爹y Figs1—9:1~3.OriusminutusL.:4~6.Oriussauteri(Poppius);7~9Oriushorvathi(Reuter) 1,4,7.diakinesis—I;2,5.diakinesis—II;3,8prophase—I:6.Metaphase—I:9.Anaphase— II ? 6 ? 一 冀 208昆虫分类第29卷第3期 4Discussion EntomologistsattemptedtousecytotaxonomiccharactersinthetaxonomyOfforthis genusinsects'".Inthisstudy,wefirstlyresearchedthekaryotypeofthreespeciesingenus OriuswhichcollectedfromChinaandobservedthemeioticbehaviorofchromosomesofthese species.Theresultsindicatedthatchromosomenumberandsexualchromosomalsystemof threespeciesaretheSalTle.Butratioofrelativechromosomelengths(L/S)aredifferentamong theOriussauteri,0riushorvathi,0riusminutus,SOcytotaxonomiccharactershouldbe consideredtouseinthetaxonomyofthegenusOriUSWol仃. Acknowledgments:WewishtothankProf,ZHENGLe—yi,SONGWen—qinandNokkala S.(Finland)fortheirrevisingthemanuscript,andaregratefultoengineerCHENChenforhis assistanceintakingphotos. REFERENCE 【l】郑乐怡,文俊.中国花蝽科名录【c】.天津自然博物馆,1990,7:3-27 【2】郑乐怡.花蝽属2新种(半翅日:花蝽科)【Jll昆虫分类,1982,25(2):191—192 【3】 ClementsDJ,YearganKVSeasonalandintraplantdiatributionofOriusinsidiosus(Hemiptera:Anthocoridae)onsoybeanand possibleinteractionswithnabisroseennis(Hemiptera:Nabidae)[J]Kans.Entom.Soc.,1997,7O(2):94—96. 【4】 TakenouchiMuramotoN.AstudyonthechromosomesinthreespeciesofHeteropteraninsects(AnthocoridaeandVeliidae. Heteroptera)[J].J.Hokka.Uni.Edu.,197l,(IIB)22:23-25. 【5】 ZhangHFCytologicalstudiesofPaterculuselatus(Yang)(Hemiptera:Pentatomidae)[J].Entom.Sini.,1999,6(3):227-232. 【6】MannaGK.ChromosomesinevolutioninHeteroptera【M】.In:SharmaAKandSharmaA(eds.)Chromosomesinevolution. EukaryoticGroupII.189-225.CRC.Press 【7】UeshimaN.HemipteraII:Heteroptera[J].Animalcytogenetics,1979,Vol3:Insecta6. 【8】 WangYBuWJ,ZhangHEStudiesontheKaryotypeofTwospeciesinOriusWolff(Hemiptera :Heteroptera: Anthocoridae)[J]Entomotaxonomia,2002,24(2):103.1O6. 三种小花蝽核型研究 (半翅目:花蝽科) 王义平1,卜文俊,张虎芳,吴鸿 (1.浙江林学院林业与生物技术学院生物系,浙江临安311300 2.南开大学生物学系,天津300071; 3.太原师范学院生物系,山西太原030000) 本文利用姬姆萨染色压片法对花蝽科小花蝽属3个种:荷氏小花蝽Oriushorvathi (Reuter),微小花蝽OriusminutusLinnaeus和东亚小花蝽Oriussauteri(Poppius)~核型 做 了研究,结果表明3种小花蝽单倍体均具有12条染色体,x—Y性别决定机制,但3 种 核型行为具特定的差异,其核型特征可用于种间分类. 关键词:半翅目;花蝽科;小花蝽属;核型;染色体