医学英语情景会话

一、一般问诊和检查 一、一般问诊和检查 What is your name? My name is Wang Ming. Where do you live? I live in Hong Kang. How old are you? I am 40 years old. What is your occupation? I am a worker. What trouble do you have? I have a cough and a sore throat. How long have you been sick? I have been sick since yesterday. Did you fall sick abruptly or gradually? I fell sick gradually. What diseases have you had before? I had T.B.at the age of thirty-three. Here, put this thermometer under your tongue. Let me feel your pulse…a little fast. Give me the thermometer. Do I have a fever? Just a little. Unbutton your shirt and let me listen to your chest. Breathe deeply. Open your mouth and say “Ah”. Lie down on the bed, please. Lie on your back. Loosen your waistband. Bend both legs. Relax your muscles. Does it hurt when I press here? It hurts greatly. Point to the painful place. Well, up please. May I go now? No .You have to have a blood test and a chest X-ray. When shall I come back? Come back tomorrow to see the X-ray film. Thank you, doctor. See you tomorrow. The next day According to the symptoms and findings in examinations, your disease may be diagnosed as T.B. Are your parents in good health? No, my father died of T.B.20 years ago. And how is your mother? She has been sick for a long time. Dose your mother have the same disease as your? Yes, she dose. Doctor, can this disease be cured? We’re determined to try our best to cure you. Here is your prescription. You may go over there for the medicine. Is there anything I should or shouldn’t do? You should rest properly. You had better take a walk in the open air every day. Smoking should be avoided. Thank you very much for your advice. Not at all. It’s my responsibility. 二、医护常用会话 What class of case is the patient? （这位病人是哪科的？） She is a gynecological patient and she should go to the gynecological ward on the first floor. Whose service will this patient enter? （这病人该归哪位医生治疗？） He will go to Doctor Wang’s service in the Department of Internal Medicine.（该归内科王医生） Send the patient to the hospital by ambulance. Bring this patient to the emergency room for first aid quickly. The patient has copious hemorrhage. Please get the blood-transfusion equipment ready immediately. I’ll give her a blood transfusion at once. All right. I’ll bring it to you now. Is there anything else you want? Telephone to the blood bank to ask whether there is preserved blood available for this patient. I’ve just telephoned to ask them, but they say there is no blood available for this patient. What shall we do now? Please tell the patient’s relatives to come to the hospital and donate blood to her. I’ll talk over with them at once. Let’s go to make the morning ward-round. (查房) The beds in this ward look untidy. Please charge the bedding today. Let us make up (铺好)Bed 2 now. The patient is in danger and it’s necessary to take his pulse, respiration and blood pressure. All right. I’ll take them every hour. If the patient’s condition becomes worse, send for me immediately, please. I’ll surely do so. There is oozing of blood (渗血) form the patient’s wound and the dressing is soiled. Please change it for her today. The patient in Bed 1 suffered with a severe pain last night. His left buttock is inflamed. (发炎) It is swollen, red, hot and painful. An abscess has formed. We have to incise it. Well, I’ll get the instruments and dressing ready for you. The patient has been in a state of shock. Please the patient in the head-low position. Elevate the foot of the bed. Put hot water bottles around him. Give him some fluid by intravenous drip. I think his right femur is broken. Send him to the X-ray department to make sure if there is a fracture. Doctor, the condition of that patient is very poor. What are the orders for her? Give her 100ml.of 50%glucose solution by intravenous injection at once. Doctor Li, that new patient is so excited. I can’t quiet her. Here is an ampoule of Sodium Luminal. Give it intramuscularly（肌注）at once. It will quiet her. When did that patient die? He died at midnight. When will this patient go home? He’ll go home tomorrow or the day after tomorrow. Have those instruments been used? Yes, they’ve been used, but I have cleaned and sterilized them. Is this medicine to be taken by mouth? The medicine in this bottle is poisonous. Don’t drink it. It’s only for external use. The new patient has a high fever. Examine her blood for malaria parasites. (疟原虫) What shall I do with the patient who has taken poison? Give him a gastric lavage immediately and then give him the antidote. The patient’s bowels haven’t moved (未排大便)for three days. I’ll give him a cathartic now. I am going to operate on the patient in Bed 6 tomorrow. Please shave his abdominal area and clean the skin with soap and water. The patient’s condition is very critical and he has been in a state of coma. I’ll let his relatives know by telephone. The patient’s life is in danger, but we’ll do everything possible to save him. Head nurse, please get the emergency drugs ready before you go off duty. All right. I’ll do so. 三、内科病史询问和检查 1．​ 消化系统疾病 Where do you feel a pain? I feel a pain in my abdomen. Point out the place where you feel a pain. Do you have a good appetite? No, I’ve no appetite. How long have you lost your appetite? For three days. What did you eat last night? Butter, bread, meat and salad. Do you have a sense of gastric distention after meals? Yes, I have a feeling of distention in my stomach after meals. Do you have a stomachache after meals? Yes, I have a bad stomachache. How long after a meal do you feel a stomachache? About half an hour. Do you feel a pain when you are hungry? Yes. May your pain be relieved if you take some food? Yes, it is a little relieved. What kind of pain do you have? It’s like burning. When dose it feel most painful? At midnight. Did you vomit? Yes. What did you vomit, food or blood? I vomited food with a little blood. Was the blood you vomited red or black? Like coffee. Do you drink wine? Yes, sometimes. Do you smoke? Yes, I do. How many cigarettes do you smoke everyday? About twenty. Did you drink coffee or tea? I drink coffee, four or five cups a day. You should avoid tobacco, alcohol, excessive coffee and irritant foods. They’ll do you much harm. Let me try to do so. I think you should make up your mind. The sooner the better. Shall I take meat? No, you shouldn’t take meat and greasy foods. You should take easily digestible foods. Here is your prescription. I suggest you a week’s leave. How many days do you think before I can resume work? I can hardly tell. Please come back after a week. How long have you had jaundice? For four or five days. Have you had jaundice before? I don’t know. How did you feel before the appearance of jaundice? I had no appetite and found I was losing weight. Do you have a disagreeable smell in your mouth? Yes, I do. Dose your nosebleed? Yes, it bleeds sometimes. Do you feel a pain in the liver? Yes, for several years. Do you feel a pain when I press hard? Yes, it’s very painful. You should be admitted to hospital. (住院治疗) 2．​ 呼吸系统疾病 What trouble do you have? I have trouble with my chest. Is it very long since you had trouble with your chest? No, it’s not very long. It’s two days only. Did you have chills and fever at the onset? At first, I had a chill and then a high fever. Have you become thinner? (你瘦了吗？) Yes, I’ve become much thinner in these two days Do you get tired more easily than before? Yes, I do. Do you cough? Yes, I have a severe cough. Is it a dry cough? No, I spit a little(有些痰), but not much. What is the sputum like? It is viscous. What is the color of the sputum? It was white in the beginning and it has become yellow. What is the quantity of the sputum in 24 hours? About 200 c.c. Is the sputum fetid? Yes, it is. Is there blood in the sputum? There are only a few streaks of blood mixed with the sputum. Do you feel short of breath sometimes? Yes, breathlessness occurs after coughing. Is the breathlessness continuous or in a fit? It comes in a fit. Do you feel relieved after expectoration? The suffocation disappears and my temperature becomes normal after expectoration. Do you have a severe pain in the side of the chest? Yes, I do. Point out the place where there is a thoracic pain. Dose the pain in the chest become more intensive at the time of cough or during deep respiration? Yes, it is so. Have you caught cold? (感冒) Yes, I caught cold the day before yesterday. Is your nose obstructed? Yes, it is. Have you any nasal discharge? (流鼻涕) Yes, I have much of it. It is watery. Do you sneeze? Yes, I sneeze badly. Do you have a fever? Yes, I have a high fever. Do you still have fever? Yes, I have had fever for more than three weeks. Do you have a dry cough? No, I spit mucopurulent sputum. Have you ever spit blood? No, never. Is there any relationship between your cough and the change of weather? Yes, I cough badly when it is cold. Do you have night sweats? No, I don’t. Let me listen to your chest. You should have a roentgenographic examination. 3. 循环系统疾病 Have you had rheumatism before? Yes, I had it 3 years ago. Did you have swollen knees or other swollen joints? Yes, I had swollen knees. Did you have a fever at the same time? Yes, I had a very high fever at the same time. Have you ever felt your heart beating fast? Yes, several times. Have you ever been aroused at night by a fit of oppression? Yes, I have. Did you expectorate in the course of a fit? Yes, I did, but very little. Did you have dizziness, vertigo or fainting? Yes, I did. Did you have purple lips? Yes, I did. Is it a long time since you have suffered from heart trouble? Yes, it is. Have you taken any medicine? Yes, I ’ve taken digitalis. Did you ever have a pain in the heart? Yes, I did. Sometimes the pain radiated to the left arm. What trouble did you have before you found the pain in your heart? I had rheumatic fever. Do you cough? Yes. And the pain became worsened by coughing. Do you have swollen ankles? Yes, I have. I’ve noticed my shoes are tight. You should be confined to bed. (卧床休息) 4.​ 神经系统疾病 Do you often have convulsive seizures? (痉挛) Yes, I do. How long dose an attack of convulsion last? The duration of an attack varies from one minute to several minutes. Do you urinate during the convulsive phase? Yes, I do. Howe long have you been paralyzed? For two weeks. Do your fingers tremble? Yes, my fingers tremble when I take something. Do you have a crawling feeling (蚁走感) here? No, I don’t have such kind of feeling. Are you liable to have vertigoes? Yes, I often have vertigoes. Do you see things clearly? No, I see them dimly as if there were a mist before my eyes. Do you sleep well? No, I fall asleep with difficulty. Do you have nightmares? Yes, I have bad dreams. Do you suffer from headache? Yes, I do. Can you read and count? Yes, I can. Move your fingers on that hand. Do you see what I am doing? No, I don’t. 5.​ Do you sense the prick? No, I don’t sense it. 6.​ 血液系统疾病 Did you have syncope? Yes, I faint from time to time. Do you have swollen lymph nodes? Yes, I do. What is the colour of your urine? As red as blood. Do you often have bruises (瘀斑) on your limbs? Yes, I do. Do the spots occur spontaneously or after trauma? They appear spontaneously. 四、外科病史询问和检查 How were you wounded? I was wounded in a car accident. When did it happen? Three days ago. Did you bleed much after being wounded? Yes, I swooned, but not very long. Could you walk along after that? No, I couldn’t. The pain prevented me from walking. Did you vomit after being wounded? Yes, I did. How many times did you vomit? I vomited 5 times. What did you vomit? I vomited undigested food that looked like porridge. What colour was the vomited matter? It was white with a little red. Did your nose bleed? No, it didn’t bleed much. Have you urinated since being wounded? Yes, I have urinated several times already. Was there any blood in your urine? I cannot see any. But the colour of my urine was reddish. Is there any blood in your stool? No, I didn’t notice it. How are you feeling now? My wound feels very painful. Have you had this tumour long? Yes, I have had this tumour for a year. Did the tumour grow rapidly? Yes, it grew rapidly, especially during the last few months. Dose the tumour hurt you? At first I felt nothing at all, but recently it is rather painful. Have you had any wound before the appearance of this tumour? No, none at all. Do you feel pain when I press here? Yes, it feels very painful. And how do you feel when I press here? I feel a little pain. Have you become thinner recently? Yes, I have become much thinner in the last few weeks. Move your fingers. Bend your back Point out where you have a pain. Do you feel the pricking? (针刺) Yes, I feel it. You should stay in the hospital for several days. You will not amputate my arm, will you? I won’t amputate your arm. I’ll just make an incision on your involved area. (患处) Your wound is not very serious. But you should rest for several days. Here is your certificate. During the period of rest, you should come here for treatment every other day at 2 o’clock in the afternoon. You have recovered. You may resume your work now. 五、 在药房 Is this the pharmacy? Yes, it is. Do you want to get some drugs? Yes, I want to buy some tablets. Please give me your prescription. Here it is. This is for oral administration. (口服药) One tablet three times daily after meals. Is there anything that shouldn’t be taken with this medicine? No, there isn’t any. How should I take those tablets? Take one tablet when necessary. The next, please. Here is the prescription. I’m sorry, but we don’t have this medicine. Please ask the doctor whether it can be replaced by another medicine. Or you may buy it from a drug store. I’ll ask the doctor. This is a liquid medicine. One teaspoonful every four hours. Shake it before use. I’m told there is still a medicine for external use. Yes, here it is. Wait a minute, there are two tablets to be taken at bedtime, too. Let’s put the medicaments newly received in order. Medicaments in large quantities should be kept separately. It is better to keep these medicaments according to classification. Don’t mix them up. Where shall I keep those toxic drugs? Lock them up in the special medicine cupboard. These are the drugs to be kept in refrigeration. Put them in the refrigerator. Give me the drugs that should be protected from moisture. Please add some desiccant. There’s not much stock of this medicine. We should use it with reserve. (省着用) We’d better prepare some right now. You’re right. I’ll clean the apparatus. Should we sterilize them with an autoclave? I think so. Pay attention to the exact dosage. Let’s begin…well, we’ve finished it. Seal the bottle. Write a label and stick it on the bottle. 六、在放射科 Let me have your case record. Take off your clothes above the waist. Stand behind the machine. Take one step forward, take another step forward. Draw near this plate. Fix your chest against the cassette. Put your hands on the hips like me. Put your elbows forward. Now, raise your hands. Take a breath. Breathe out. You didn’t take anything before you came here, did you? You have to swallow this liquid material. Take a mouthful first. Swallow it please. Go to the lavatory and come back. Take off your trousers. Lie down on this table. Lie on your back. Point to the painful place. Do you feel a pain at the place where I press you? If I hurt you, let me know. Hold your breath for a few seconds when I make a sign to you. That’s all. Come back tomorrow for your film. ※​ 厕所：Rest room （美国） Washroom （加拿大） Toilet （欧洲） Lavatory （英国） 七、在检验科 I am going to take a little blood from your arm. I’m going to prick your ear. Don’t be scared, only very little blood will be taken. Come back fasting at half past eight tomorrow morning. Here is a bottle for collecting your urine. Please collect your first morning urine in the bottle, and bring it here. Don’t eat meat for three days and bring the stools on the fourth day. Come back the day after tomorrow for the laboratory report. 八、其他用语 Allow me to introduce myself, my name is… Excuse me, but can you tell me where the department store is? Excuse me, but is there a lavatory on this floor? Would you kindly tell me on which floor the dining room is? I’m sorry, but I didn’t quite follow you. Would you mind saying that again (once more)? By all means. (当然，那一定) By no means. (决不) By whom? / what? (被谁 / 什么) Of what use? (有什么用) Thank you very much for your cordial hospitality. (热情招待) Many thanks for your gifts. Please don’t mention it. It’s nothing. It doesn’t matter. (没关系)