Typical Application
Key Features
Applications
10W@10%THD / Channel Output into a 8
Load at 13V
Low Noise: -90dB
Over 90% Efficiency
32Step DC Volume Control from -75dB to 32dB
With Shutdown/Mute/Fade Function
Over Current , Thermal and Short-Circuit
Protection
Low THD+N
Low Quiescent Current
Pop noise suppression
Small Package Outlines: Thin 40-pin QFN
6mm*6mm Package
Flat monitor /LCD TVS
Multi-media speaker System
DVD players, game machines
Boom Box
Music instruments
Ω
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General Description
The PAM8610 is a 10W (per channel) stereo
class-D audio amplifier with DC Volume Control
which offers low THD+N (0.1%), low EMI, and
g o o d P S R R t h u s h i g h - q u a l i t y s o u n d
reproduction. The 32 steps DC volume control
has a +32dB to -75dB range.
The PAM8610 runs off of a 7V to 15V supply at
much higher efficiency than competitors’ Ics.
The PAM8610 only requires very few external
components, significantly saving cost and board
space.
The PAM8610 is available in a 40pin QFN
6mm*6mm package.
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Pb-Free Package (RoHS Compliant)
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
1
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
www.poweranalog.com 08/2008 Rev 1.2
RINN
RINP
AVDD
VREF
VOLUME
REFGND
AGND1
FADE
LINP
LINN
L
O
U
T
N
L
O
U
T
N
B
S
L
N
B
S
L
P
L
O
U
T
P
L
O
U
T
P
P
V
C
C
L
P
G
N
D
L
VCLAMPL
COSC
ROSC
AGND
VCLAMPR
MUTE
AVCC
V2P5
AGND
SD
P
G
N
D
R
P
V
C
C
R
R
O
U
T
P
R
O
U
T
P
B
S
R
P
B
S
R
N
P
G
N
D
R
P
V
C
C
R
R
O
U
T
N
R
O
U
T
N
P
G
N
D
L
P
V
C
C
L
RINN
1 Fμ
1 Fμ
RINP
1 Fμ
VOLUME
GND
FADE
1 Fμ
LINN 1 Fμ
LINP
G
N
D
1 Fμ
10 Fμ 1 Fμ 1 Fμ
P
V
C
C
L
1 Fμ
10 Fμ
1 Fμ
GND
220pF GND
GND
MUTE
VCC
GND
SHUTDOWN
1 Fμ
GND
GND
G
N
D
1 Fμ
10 Fμ
1 Fμ1 Fμ
P
V
C
C
R
1 Fμ
10 Fμ
G
N
D
PAM8610
GND
1 Fμ
10 Fμ 100nF
120K
P
V
C
C
R
G
N
D
P
V
C
C
L
联系:13652437521 柯’R
Administrator
日期图章 (红)
Block Diagram
2
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PVCCL
LOUTN
PGNDL
PVCCL
LOUTP
PGNDL
on/off
Depop
Short Circuit
Protection
Thermal
BSLN
BSLP
AVCC
AGND
LINN
LINP
ROSC
COSC
osc
Gain
Adjust
VOLUME
FADE
MUTE
V2P5
_
+
+
_
PAM
Modulation
Driver
Driver
PVCCR
ROUTN
PGNDR
PVCCR
ROUTP
PGNDR
BSRN
BSRP
-
+
+
-
RINN
RINP
Feedback
System
AVDD
SD Biases &
ReferencesLDO
_
+
+
_
PAM
Modulation
Driver
Driver
-
+
+
-
Feedback
System
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
Pin Configuration & Marking Information
3
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
RINN
RINP
AVDD
VREF
VOLUME
REFGND
AGND1
FADE
LINP
LINN
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
L
O
U
T
N
L
O
U
T
N
B
S
L
N
B
S
L
P
L
O
U
T
P
L
O
U
T
P
P
V
C
C
L
P
G
N
D
L
21
22
23
24
VCLAMPL
COSC
ROSC
AGND
VCLAMPR
25
26
27
28
29
30
313233343536
MUTE
AVCC
V2P5
AGND
SD
P
G
N
D
R
P
V
C
C
R
R
O
U
T
P
R
O
U
T
P
B
S
R
P
B
S
R
N
37383940
P
G
N
D
R
P
V
C
C
R
R
O
U
T
N
R
O
U
T
N
1
1
1
2
P
G
N
D
L
P
V
C
C
L
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
Top View
6mm*6mm QFN
PAM8610
XATYWWLL
X: Internal Code
A: Assembly Code
T: Testing Code
Y: Year
WW: Week
LL: Internal Code
www.poweranalog.com
Pin Number Name Function
1 RINN Negative differential audio input for right channel
2 RINP Positive differential audio input for right channel
3 AVDD 5V Analog VDD
4 VREF Analog reference for gain control section
5 VOLUME DC voltage that sets the gain of the amplifier
6 REFGND
Ground for gain control circuitry. Connect to AGND. If using a DAC to control the
volume, connect the DAC ground to this terminal.
7 AGND1 Analog GND
8 FADE
Input for controlling volume ramp rate when cycling SD or during power-up. A
logic low on this pin places the amplifier in fade mode. A logic high on this pin
allows a quick transition to the desired volume setting.
9 LINP Positive differential audio input for left channel
10 LINN Negative differential audio input for left channel
11,20 PGNDL Power ground for left channel H-bridge
12,19 PVCCL Power supply for left channel H-bridge, not connected to PVCCR or AVCC.
13,14 LOUTN Class-D 1/2-H-bridge negative output for left channel
15 BSLN Bootstrap I/O for left channel, negative high-side FET
16 BSLP Bootstrap I/O for left channel, positive high-side FET
17,18 LOUTP Class-D 1/2-H-bridge positive output for left channel
21 VCLAMPL Internally generated voltage supply for left channel bootstrap capacitors.
22 COSC
I/O for charge/discharging currents onto capacitor for ramp generator triangle
wave biased at V2P5
23 ROSC Current setting resistor for ramp generator. Nominally equal to 1/8*VCC
24,28 AGND Analog GND
25 MUTE A logic high on this pin disables the outputs and a logic low enables the outputs.
26 AVCC High-voltage analog power supply (7V to 15V)
27 V2P5
2.5V Reference for analog cells, as well as reference for unused audio input
when using single-ended inputs.
29 SD
Shutdown signal for IC (low= shutdown, high =operational). TTL logic levels with
compliance to VCC.
30 VCLAMPR Internally generated voltage supply for right channel bootstrap capacitors.
31,40 PGNDR Power ground for right channel H-bridge
32,39 PVCCR Power supply for right channel H-bridge, not connected to PVCCL or AVCC.
33,34 ROUTP Class-D 1/2-H-bridge positive output for right channel
35 BSRP Bootstrap I/O for right channel, positive high-side FET
36 BSRN Bootstrap I/O for right channel, negative high-side FET
37,38 ROUTN Class-D 1/2-H-bridge negative output for right channel
Pin Descriptions
4
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
Absolute Maximum Ratings
These are stress ratings only and functional operation is not implied Exposure to absolute
maximum ratings for prolonged time periods may affect device reliability All voltages are with
respect to ground
.
.
.
Recommended Operating Conditions
Thermal Information
5
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
Parameter Package Symbol Maximum Unit
Thermal Resistance
(Junction to Case)
QFN 6mm*6mm θJC 7.6
Thermal Resistance
(Junction to Ambient)
QFN 6mm*6mm θJA 18.1
°C/W
www.poweranalog.com
Supply Voltage V .........................-0.3V to16.5V
Input Voltage Range V :
MUTE,VREF,VOLUME, ................0V to 6.0V
....................................................-0.3V to V
RINN,RINP,LINN,LINP......................-0.3V to 6.0V
DD
DD
I
FADE
SD
Junction Temperature Range,T ......-40°C to 125
Storage Temperature.....................-65 to150
Lead Temperature1,6mm(1/16 inch) from case for
5 seconds.................................................260
J °C
°C °C
°C
Supply Voltage (V )............................7V to 15V
Maximum Volume Control Pins, Input Pins
Voltage................................................0V to 5.0V
High Level Input Voltage: .................2.0V to V
MUTE ...2.0V to 5V
Low Level Input Voltage:DD
DDSD
,
...................0 to 0.3V
,
°C °C
FADE
SD
FADEMUTE .....0 to 0.3V
Ambient Operating Temperature......-20 to 85
The Exposed PAD must be soldered to a thermal land on the PCB.
Parameter Symbol condition MIN TYP MAX Units
Supply Voltage VDD 7.0 12 15 V
THD+N=0.1%,f=1kHz,RL=8Ω 5
THD+N=1.0%,f=1kHz,RL=8Ω 8
THD+N=10%,f=1kHz,RL=8Ω,
VDD=13V
10
Continuous Output Power Po
THD+N=10%,f=1kHz,RL=4Ω(Note ) 15
W
Total Harmonic Distortion plus
Noise
THD+N PO=5W, f=1kHz, RL =8Ω 0.1 %
Quiescent Current IDD (no load) 20 30 mA
Supply Quiescent Current in
shutdown mode
ISD SHUTDOWN=0V 4 10 μA
High side 200
Low side 200
Drain-source on-state
resistance
rds(on)
VCC=12V
IO=1A
TJ=25℃ Total 400
mΩ
Power Supply Ripple Rejection
Ratio
PSRR
1VPP ripple, f=1kHz, Inputs
ac-coupled to ground
-60 dB
Oscillator Frequency fOSC ROSC=120kΩ,CO S C =220pF 250 kHz
Output Integrated Noise Floor Vn 20Hz to 22 kHz, A-weighting -90 dB
Crosstalk CS PO=3W, RL=8Ω, f=1kHz -80 dB
Signal to Noise Ratio SNR
Maximum output at THD+N< 0.5%,
f=1kHz
80 dB
Output offset voltage
(measured differentially)
|VOS| INN and INP connected together 30 mV
2.5V Bias voltage V2P5 No Load 2.5 V
Internal Analog supply Voltage AVDD VDD=7V to 15V 5 5.5 V
Over Temperature Shutdown OTS 150 °C
Thermal Hysteresis OTH 40 °C
6
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
Electrical Characteristic
T =25 V =12V,R =8 (unless otherwise noted)A DD L, Ω°C
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
Note: Heat sink is required for high power output.
7
Table 1. DC Volume Control
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
Note:
Volume: DC voltage on Volume pin
Rf: Internal pre-amplifier feedback resistance
Ri: Internal pre-amplifier input resistance
Calculation Gain=20log (5XRf/Ri), there is one dB tolerance from device to device.
Step Volume Gain (dB) Rf (kΩ) Ri (kΩ)
1 0.0 -75 0.40 200.00
2 0.1 -40 1.26 199.60
3 0.2 -30 3.92 198.74
4 0.3 -20 11.90 196.08
5 0.4 -10 20.22 188.10
6 0.5 -5 33.33 179.78
7 0.6 0 52.47 166.67
8 0.7 5 77.49 147.53
9 0.8 10 83.02 122.51
10 0.9 11 88.65 116.98
11 1.0 12 94.37 111.35
12 1.1 13 100.12 105.63
13 1.2 14 105.87 99.88
14 1.3 15 111.58 94.13
15 1.4 16 117.21 88.42
16 1.5 17 122.74 82.79
17 1.6 18 128.12 77.26
18 1.7 19 133.33 71.88
19 1.8 20 138.35 66.67
20 1.9 21 143.15 61.65
21 2.0 22 147.71 56.85
22 2.1 23 152.04 52.29
23 2.2 24 156.11 47.96
24 2.3 25 159.92 43.89
25 2.4 26 163.49 40.08
26 2.5 27 166.80 36.51
27 2.6 28 169.86 33.20
28 2.7 29 172.69 30.14
29 2.8 30 175.30 27.31
30 2.9 31 177.68 24.70
31 3.0 32 179.87 22.32
32 3.1 33 200.00 20.13
0.01
100
0.02
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
10
20
50
%
10m 1020m 50m 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5
W
0.03
10
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
%
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
0.06
10
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
%
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
0.04
10
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
%
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
0.01
100
0.02
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
10
20
50
%
10m 1020m 50m 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5
W
0.01
100
0.02
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
10
20
50
%
10m 1020m 50m 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5
W
Typical Performance Characteristics
8
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
1. THD vs. Power+N
V =15VDD
V =12VDD
V =7VDD
2. THD vs. Power+N
f=10kHz
f=500Hz
f=100Hz
3. THD vs. Power+N
Gv=12dB
Gv=18dB
Gv=32dB
4. THD+N vs Frequency
Po=5W
Po=1W
Po=3W
5. THD+N vs Frequency (Po=1W)
V =15VDD
V =12VDDV =7VDD
V =12V,R =8 Gv=24dB, °C, unless otherwise noted.DD L Ω, Τ =25Α
6. THD+N vs Frequency (Po=3W)
Gv=18dB Gv=32dB
Gv=12dB
Typical Performance Characteristics
9
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
7. THD vs. Power+N
8. THD vs. Power+N
9. THD vs. Power+N
10. THD+N vs Frequency
11. THD+N vs Frequency (Po=1W)
V =12V,R =4 Gv=24dB, °C, unless otherwise noted.DD L Ω, Τ =25Α
12. THD+N vs Frequency (Po=3W)
0.02
10
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
%
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
Gv=18dB Gv=32dB
Gv=12dB
0.05
10
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
%
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
Po=5W
Po=1W
Po=3W
0.05
10
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
%
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
V =15VDD
V =12VDD
V =7VDD
0.01
100
0.02
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
10
20
50
%
10m 3020m 50m 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10 20
W
V =15VDD
V =12VDD
V =7VDD
0.01
100
0.02
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
10
20
50
%
10m 2020m 50m 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10
W
Gv=12dB
Gv=18dB
Gv=32dB
0.01
100
0.02
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.5
1
2
5
10
20
50
%
10m 2020m 50m 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10
W
f=10kHz
f=500Hz
f=100Hz
-100
-50
-95
-90
-85
-80
-75
-70
-65
-60
-55
d
B
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
T
Typical Performance Characteristics
10
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
14. Crosstalk
16. Noise Floor
www.poweranalog.com
15. Frequency Response (Vo=1.0Vrms)
-5
+5
-4
-3
-2
-1
+0
+1
+2
+3
+4
d
B
r
A
20 30k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k
Hz
R to L
L to R
-150
+0
-140
-130
-120
-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
V
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
-100
+0
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
10 100k20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k 50k
Hz
13. Power Supply Ripple Rejection
17. CMRR
-80
+0
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
d
B
r
A
20 20k50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k
Hz
V =12V,R =8 Gv=24dB, °C, unless otherwise noted.DD L Ω, Τ =25Α
18. Efficiency vs Power
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Output Power(W)
E
ffi
ci
en
cy
(%
)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
SupplyVoltage (V)
O
u
tp
u
t
P
o
w
e
r
(W
)
Typical Performance Characteristics
11
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
19. Output Power vs Supply Voltage
www.poweranalog.com
21.Gain vs DC voltage
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 3 6 9 12
Output Power (W)
Two channels driven
P
o
w
e
r
D
is
si
p
a
tio
n
(W
)
Note:
PCB information for power dissipation measurement.
1. The PCB size is 74mm 68mm with 1.2mm thickness,
two layers and Fr4.
2. 16 vias at the thermal land on the PCB with 0.5mm
diameter.
3. The size of exposed copper is 10mm*10mm with
3oz thickness.
*
V =12V,R =8 Gv=24dB, °C, unless otherwise noted.DD L Ω, Τ =25Α
20. Quesicent Current vs Supply Voltage
0
5
10
15
20
25
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Supply Voltage (V)
Q
u
ie
s
c
e
n
t
C
u
rr
e
n
t
(m
A
)
22.Power Dissipation vs. Output Power
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8
Volume Voltage (V)
G
a
in
(d
B
)
THD+N=1%
THD+N=10%
12
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
Application Information
Power and Heat Dissipation
Choose speakers that are able to stand large
output power from the PAM8610. Otherwise,
speaker may suffer damage.
In operation, some of power is dissipated to the
resistors.
The PAM8610’s efficiency is 90% with 10W ouput
and 8 load. The dissipation power is 2.22W.
Thermal resistance of junction to ambient of the
QFN package is 18.1°C/W and the junction
temperature Tj=P * jA+Ta, where Ta is ambient
temperature. If the ambient temperature is 85°C,
the QFN’s junction temperature
Tj=2.22*18.1+85=125°C
which is lower than 150°C rated junct ion
temperature.
If the rated workable junction temperature is
150°C, the re la t ionsh ip between ambient
temperature and permitted P is shown in below
diagram.
From the diagram, it can be found that when the
device works at 10W/8 load the dissipation
power is 1.1W per channel, 2.2W total, the
permitted ambient temperature is over 100°C.
This is proven by actual test. The PAM8610 can
work in full output power under 85°C ambient
temperature.
Ω
θ Ωloss
loss
Heat dissipation is very important when the
device works in full power operation. Two factors
affect the heat dissipation, the efficiency of the
device that determines the dissipation power, and
the thermal resistance of the package that
determines the heat dissipation capability.
Power Dissipation: P =(Po*(1- 2loss η)/η)*
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 20 40 60 80 100
Ta
P
l
o
s
s
(
W
)
Notes
1. The AP AUX-0025 low pass filter is necessary for class-D amplifier measurement with AP analyzer.
2. Two 22μH inductors are used in series with load resistor to emulate the small speaker for efficiency
measurement.
Test Setup for Performance Testing
AP System One
Generator
PAM8610 Demo Board
+OUT
Input
Load
AP
Low Pass
Filter
AUX-0025
AP System One
Analyzer
GND -OUT
VDD
Power Supply
13
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
Heat Dissipation in PCB design
Dual-Side PCB
4-layer PCB
Consideration for EMI
Generally, class-D amplifiers are high efficiency
and need no heat sink. For high power ones that
has high dissipation power, the heat sink may also
not necessary if the PCB is carefully designed to
achieve good heat by the PCB itself.
To achieve good heat , the PCB’s
copper plate should be thicker than 0.035mm and
both sides of the PCB should
be utilized for heat sink.
The thermal pad on the bottom of the device
should be soldered to the plate of the PCB, and
via holes, usually 9 to 16, should be drilled in the
PCB area under the device and deposited copper
on the vias should be thick enough so that the
heat can be dissipated to the other side of the
plate. There should be no insulation mask on the
other side of the copper plate. It is better to drill
more vias around the device if
possible.
If it is 4-layer PCB, the two middle layers of
grounding and power can be employed for heat
dissipation, isolating them into serval islands to
avoid short between ground and power.
dissipation
dissipation
the copper plate on
on the PCB
Filters are not required if the traces from the
amplifier to the speakers are short (<20cm). But
most applications require a ferrite bead filter as
shown in below figure. The ferrite bead filter
reduces EMI of around 1MHz and higher to meet
t h e F C C a n d C E ' s r e q u i r e m e n t s . I t i s
recommended to use a ferrite bead with very low
impedances at low f requenc ies and high
impedance at high frequencies (above 1MHz).
The EMI characteristics are as follows after
employing the ferrite bead.
Vertical Polarization
Horizontal Polarization
200pF
200pF
OUT+
OUT-
Ferrite Bead
Ferrite Bead
OUTP
OUTN
14
,Power Analog Microelectronics Inc
08/2008 Rev 1.2
PAM8610
10W Stereo Class-D Audio Power Amplifier with DC Volume Control
www.poweranalog.com
Volume Control
FADE Operation
MUTE Operation
Shutdown Operation
A DC volume control section is integrated in
PAM8610, controlling via VREF, VOLUME and
VREFGND terminals. The voltage on VOLUME
pin, without exceeding VREF, determines internal
amplifier gain as listed in Table 1.
If a resistor divider is used to fix gain of the
amplifier, the VREF terminal can be directly
connected to AVDD and the resistor divider
connected across VREF and REFGND. For fixed
gain, the resistor divider values are to
center the voltage given in the Table 1.
The terminal is a logic input that controls
the operation of the volume control circuitry
during transitions to and from the shutdown state
and during power-up.
A logic low on this terminal will set the amplifier in
fade mode. During power-up or recovery from the
shutdown state (a logic high is applied to the
terminal), the volume is smoothly ramped up from
the mute state, -75dB, to the desired volume set
by the voltage on the volume control terminal.
Conversely, the volume is smoothly ramped down
from the current state to the mute state when a
logic low is applied to the terminal. A logic high
on this pin disables the volume fade effect during
transitions to and from the shutdown state and
during power-up. During power-up or recovery
from the shutdown state (a logic high is applied to
the terminal), the transition from the mute
state, -75dB, to the desired volume setting is less
than 1ms. Conversely, the volume ramps down
from current stat
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