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ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Solid State Lighting Luminaires Eligibility Criteria – Version 1.0 Table of Contents Scope .................................................................................................................................. 3 General Requirements ........................................................................................................ 3 All Luminaires .................................................................................................................. 4 Modules/Arrays ................................................................................................................ 5 Outdoor Luminaires ......................................................................................................... 5 Power Supplies ................................................................................................................ 5 Packaging Requirements ................................................................................................. 6 Category A: Near-term Applications ................................................................................ 7 Under-cabinet kitchen lighting ...................................................................................... 7 Under-cabinet shelf-mounted task lighting ................................................................... 8 Portable desk task lights .............................................................................................. 8 Recessed downlights ................................................................................................... 9 Outdoor wall-mounted porch lights ............................................................................... 9 Outdoor step lights ....................................................................................................... 9 Outdoor pathway lights ................................................................................................. 9 Category B: Future Performance Targets ...................................................................... 10 Standards and Documentation .......................................................................................... 11 Qualification Process ......................................................................................................... 14 Product Variations ......................................................................................................... 15 Lumen Depreciation Qualification ............................................................................... 15 Power Supply Qualification ........................................................................................ 16 Qualification Procedures ................................................................................................... 17 Quality Assurance (QA) Testing ........................................................................................ 17 Effective Date .................................................................................................................... 18 Future Specification Revisions .......................................................................................... 18 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 2 Appendix ........................................................................................................................... 19 Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 19 Reference Standards and Test Procedures ................................................................... 21 Chromaticity Specification and Tolerance Quadrangles ................................................ 22 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 3 ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Solid State Lighting Luminaires Eligibility Criteria – Version 1.0 Below are the product criteria for ENERGY STAR® qualified luminaires using solid-state lighting (SSL). A product must meet all the criteria in order to be qualified as ENERGY STAR. Scope The ENERGY STAR criteria cover the requirements for SSL products used for general illumination, including those with significant decorative function. If a decorative SSL product serves a significant general illumination function, it falls within the scope of these criteria. The criteria apply to both residential and commercial products. The criteria apply only to products designed to be connected to the electric power grid. In addition, they do not apply to SSL products made for indication (such as traffic lights and exit signs); to products exclusively intended for decoration (such as holiday lights); nor to SSL products intended for retrofit into existing fixtures. General Requirements The criteria are based upon compliance with existing lighting industry reference standards and test procedures, as well as new or revised standards and test procedures currently being developed by lighting industry organizations. These reference standards and test procedures are listed in the appendix. The following general requirements apply to both Categories A and B. Additional requirements for correlated color temperature (CCT), luminaire efficacy, zonal lumen density, and minimum light output are listed under Categories A and B below. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 4 All Luminaires Luminaire Requirements: Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) The luminaire must have one of the following designated CCTs and fall within the 7-step chromaticity quadrangles as defined in the Appendix. Nominal CCT(1) CCT (K) 2700 K 2725 ± 145 3000 K 3045 ± 175 3500 K 3465 ± 245 4000 K 3985 ± 275 4500 K 4503 ± 243 5000 K 5028 ± 283 5700 K 5665 ± 355 6500 K 6530 ± 510 Color Spatial Uniformity The variation of chromaticity in different directions (i.e., with a change in viewing angle) shall be within 0.004 from the weighted average point on the CIE 1976 (u’,v’) diagram. Color Maintenance The change of chromaticity over the lifetime of the product shall be within 0.007 on the CIE 1976 (u’,v’) diagram. Color Rendering Index (CRI) Indoor luminaires shall have a minimum CRI of 75. Off-state Power Luminaires shall not draw power in the off state. Exception: Luminaires with integral occupancy, motion, photo-controls or individually addressable fixtures with external control and intelligence are exempt from this requirement. The power draw for such luminaires shall not exceed 0.5 watts when in the off state. Warranty A warranty must be provided for luminaires, covering repair or replacement of defective electrical parts (including light source and power supplies) for a minimum of three (3) years from the date of purchase. For residential products, the written warranty must be included with the luminaire packaging at the time of shipment. Thermal Management Luminaire manufacturers shall adhere to device manufacturer guidelines, certification programs, and test procedures for thermal management. (1) Six of the eight allowed nominal CCTs correspond to those in the fluorescent lamp specification: 2700 K, 3000 K, 3500 K, 4100 K, 5000 K, and 6500 K. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 5 Modules/Arrays Module/Array Requirements Lumen Depreciation of LED Light Sources (L70) LED module(s)/array(s) shall deliver at least 70% of initial lumens, when installed in-situ, for the minimum number of hours specified below: Residential Indoor: 25,000 hours Residential Outdoor: 35,000 hours All Commercial: 35,000 hours Outdoor Luminaires Outdoor Luminaire Requirements Residential Automatic Daylight Control Residential luminaires designed for attaching to buildings and whose power consumption is greater than 13 watts must contain an integral photo-sensor that automatically prevents operation during daylight hours. In addition, the control must automatically reactivate within 24 hours of a manual override or test operation. Power Supplies Power Supply Requirements Power Factor Residential ≥ 0.70 Commercial ≥ 0.90 Minimum Operating Temperature Power Supply shall have a minimum operating temperature of -20°C or below when used in luminaires intended for outdoor applications. Maximum Measured Power Supply Case or Manufacturer Designated Temperature Measurement Point (TMP)Temperature Not to exceed the power supply manufacturer maximum recommended case temperature or TMP when measured during in-situ operation. Note: This performance characteristic is separate and distinct from thermal requirements established by UL which governs safety rather than longevity of the power supply. All qualified luminaires are expected to meet this requirement, including linear, suspended, close-to-ceiling, IC, ICAT and Non-IC recessed canisters, etc. as well as those luminaires that may be exempt from UL1598. Comment on residential indoor lumen depreciation: The requirement for residential indoor lumen depreciation has been lowered to recognize the shorter operating cycles experienced in residential indoor applications. This reduction will allow more products into the market at lower cost while still yielding very long useful life. With 3-hour per day operation, residential indoor luminaires can be expected to maintain 70% of their initial light output for ~23 years. DOE believes maintaining 35,000 hours is appropriate for outdoor and commercial applications. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 6 Output Operating Frequency ≥ 120 Hz Note: This performance characteristic addresses problems with visible flicker due to low frequency operation and applies to steady-state as well as dimmed operation. Dimming operation shall meet the requirement at all light output levels. Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference • Power supplies designated by the manufacturer for residential applications must meet FCC requirements for consumer use (FCC 47 CFR Part 15/18 Consumer Emission Limits). • Power supplies designated by the manufacturer for commercial applications must meet FCC requirements for non-consumer use (FCC 47 CFR Part 15/18 Non- consumer Emission Limits). Noise Power supply shall have a Class A sound rating. Transient Protection Power supply shall comply with IEEE C.62.41-1991, Class A operation. The line transient shall consist of seven strikes of a 100 kHz ring wave, 2.5 kV level, for both common mode and differential mode. Packaging Requirements Packaging Requirements Incompatibility with Controls and Application Exceptions Included documentation must clearly state any known incompatibility with photo-controls, dimmers or timing devices. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 7 Category A: Near-term Applications Under-cabinet kitchen lighting Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 125 lumens (initial) per lineal foot. The light output requirement is calculated by the following equation: (lumens) OutputLightRequired Minimum125 12 (inches) LengthFixtureMeasured =× Note: The equation applies to all luminaire configurations. For rectangular geometries the “measured fixture length” is the longest dimension of the fixture. For circular geometries the “measured fixture length” is the diameter. For linear track luminaires the “measured fixture length” is the track length. Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 60% of total lumens (initial) within the 0- 60° zone and a minimum of 25% of total lumens (initial) within the 60-90° zone (bilaterally symmetrical). Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 24 lm/W Allowable CCTs 2700 K, 3000 K and 3500 K Comment on luminaire efficacy: The ENERGY STAR criteria for SSL Luminaires use Luminaire Efficacy to establish performance as defined below: Power Input Luminaire effects) thermal and efficiency fixture (includes Output Light Luminaire Efficacy Luminaire = The ENERGY STAR criteria for non-SSL residential light fixtures (commonly referred to as RLF) use system efficacy defined as the light output of the lamp-ballast system divided by the input power measured in a 25°C environment. Established test procedures for fluorescent sources support this approach. However, the program requirements in this document are based upon luminaire efficacy, instead of system efficacy for the following reasons: • Accurate measurement of the LED light source separate from the fixture is often not possible. LEDs typically are integrated into the fixture and not readily removable without altering the performance of the light source. • LED performance is significantly affected by elevated temperature. LED devices generate heat that is typically removed by an external heat sink, which may be designed into the luminaire itself. Separating the light source from its heat sink will significantly impact test results. There are no standards or test procedures to measure system efficacy of LEDs. However, standards organizations are developing a test procedure for photometric measurement of LED luminaires. This test procedure is currently in draft form and scheduled to be final by the 4th quarter of 2007. • Luminaire efficacy provides more realistic energy efficiency information because it accounts for power supply, thermal, and fixture losses, thus better meeting the needs of buyers who seek the most light output for the least energy input. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 8 Under-cabinet shelf-mounted task lighting Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 125 lumens (initial) per lineal foot. The light output requirement is calculated by the following equation: (lumens) OutputLightRequiredMinimum125 12 (inches) LengthFixtureMeasured =× Note: The equation applies to all luminaire configurations. For rectangular geometries the “measured fixture length” is the longest dimension of the fixture. For circular geometries the “measured fixture length” is the diameter. For linear track luminaires the “measured fixture length” is the track length. Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 60% of total lumens (initial) within the 0- 60° zone and a minimum of 25% of total lumens (initial) within the 60-90° zone (bilaterally symmetrical). Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 29 lm/W Allowable CCTs 2700 K, 3000 K, 3500 K, 4000 K, 4500 K and 5000 K Portable desk task lights Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 200 lumens (initial). Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 85% of total lumens (initial) within the 0-60° zone (bilaterally symmetrical). Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 29 lm/W Allowable CCTs 2700 K, 3000 K, 3500 K, 4000 K, 4500 K and 5000 K Comment on increased minimum light output for recessed downlights: The minimum light output for recessed downlights has been increased by 15% (from 300 to 345 and from 500 to 575 lumens, respectively) to account for the reduction in light output due to steady-state LED module/array operation in recessed IC and non-IC environments. DOE believes factoring for the reduction is simpler than adding an additional in-situ or thermal factor test procedure to determine the reduction in light output. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 9 Recessed downlights Application Requirements Minimum Light Output ≤ 4.5” Aperture: 345 lumens (initial) > 4.5” Aperture: 575 lumens (initial) Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 75% of total lumens (initial) within the 0-60° zone (bilaterally symmetrical). Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 35 lm/W Allowable CCTs • 2700 K, 3000 K and 3500 K for Residential products • No restrictions for Commercial Reduced Air Leakage Recessed downlights intended for installation in insulated ceilings shall be IC rated and be leak tested per ASTM E-283 to demonstrate no more than 2.0 cubic feet per minute (cfm) at 75 Pascals (1.57 lbs/ft2) pressure difference. The luminaire must include a label certifying “airtight” or similar designation to show air leakage less than 2.0 CFM at 75 Pascals when tested in accordance with ASTM E283. Outdoor wall-mounted porch lights Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 150 lumens (initial). Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 85% of total lumens (initial) within the 0-90° zone (bilaterally symmetrical). Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 24 lm/W Outdoor step lights Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 50 lumens (initial). Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 85% of total lumens (initial) within the 0-90° zone (bilaterally symmetrical). Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 20 lm/W Outdoor pathway lights Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 100 lumens (initial). Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 85% of total lumens (initial) within the 0-90° zone (bilaterally symmetrical). Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 25 lm/W ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Sept. 12, 2007 10 Category B: Future Performance Targets Clarification of changes in Category B: The intent of Category B is to announce DOE’s intent, well in advance, of substantially increasing future performance requirements, and to encourage continued improvement in technology selection and design of luminaires using SSL sources. Category B is not restricted to the applications in Category A. Products for a wide range of general illumination applications will be eligible. The minimum luminaire efficacy target given for Category B is intended to rival today’s most efficient lighting systems using traditional light sources. For example, the best commonly available high-performance T8 fluorescent lamp and electronic ballast systems are rated around 100 lm/W. High-quality fixtures for these lamp-ballast systems are about 70% efficient, yielding 70 lm/W luminaire efficacy. Based on current commercially available technology, the Category B level of minimum luminaire efficacy is not achievable for LED luminaires. However, DOE anticipates performance will rise rapidly over the coming years due to on-going progress in LED efficacy, LED high temperature tolerance, power supply efficiency improvements, and luminaire design. DOE believes a significant number of general illumination products will be able to achieve 70 lm/W luminaire efficacy within three years after the effective date of these criteria. DOE will monitor the technical progress of the technology, steadily adding additional Category A products in future versions. If technology improves faster than expected, and opening category B prior to completion of a three-year waiting period would be in the public interest, DOE will advance the date for allowing products to qualify under Category B. Category B is established as a future target for performance of SSL-based luminaires. Products cannot qualify und