nullnull就近原则:
也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则” ,即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、数”上一致。 null在正式文体中:
1.由下列词语连接的并列主语:“there be+句型; or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also” ; 等。 例如:
①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。
②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。
③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你,而是你父亲该受责备。
④Not only you but (also) he is wrong .不仅你错了,他也错了。 null2. 在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。
例如:There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本
书
关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf
。
null非正式文体中:
有时依“就近一致原则”,但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。如:
Neither she nor I were there (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。(非正式)
Neither she nor I was there .(就近一致)(译文同上句)(正式)
但是,如果依“就近一致原则”而与其他两项原则相矛盾时,则常常认为是不太合符
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的。
null例如:No one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。(依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则;但语法上,“No one ”才是主语,谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。 null比较下列句子:
● Here comes a bus and two cars. 瞧,来了一辆公共汽车和两辆小汽车。 Here come two cars and a bus. 瞧,来了两辆小汽车和一辆公共汽车。
● There is an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates. 盘子里有一个苹果,两条香蕉和一些桔子。 There are two bananas, an apple and some oranges on the plates. 盘子里有两条香蕉,一个苹果和一些桔子。 null主将从现:
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。 null一、条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时,那么从句常常用一般现在时。
如: When I grow up, I’ll be a nurse and look after patients.
我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人
二、如果主句是祈使句,那么从句通常要用一般现在时
如:Don’t laugh at me when I make a mistake.
我犯错误的时候不要笑话我。
三、如果主句是含有情态动词的一般现在时,根据需要从句多用一般现在时
如:You should be quiet when you are in the reading room
在阅览室时应保持安静
四. 如果if的条件状语从句遇到变换间接和直接时 , 祈使句应用not to....
如; She said not to close the window null常见的时间状语从句的连词有:as soon as , when , while , as , until等
主将从现说的是在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的时态是一般将来时,那么从句要用一般现在时。例如:
I will tell him about it when he comes.
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go outing.
如果主句的时态是过去将来时,那么从句要用一般过去时。例如:
He said that he would have another try if he had the chance.
I knew he could help me if he was free the next day.
●主要标志有:if unless until when as soon as null1.More than one person here ____ with the disease.
A. has been infected(感染)
B. have been infected
C. has been infecting
D. have been infecting由more than one 修饰单数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数
2. One or perhaps more pages _____ missing.
A. is B. are C. has been D. have beenAB由or连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与靠近它的主语一致。
null3.The police ____ the black in winter.
A. wears B. wear C. put on D. puts onB英语中,一些
表
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示总称意义的名词,如:police,people,cattle等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
4.The number of students that you have met ____ the life of the team.
A. are B. is C. were D. be
Bthe number of+复数名词作主语时,谓语用单数。
a number of+复数名词作主语时,谓语用复数。