第四课时Period4(SectionB3a-SelfCheck)单元知识总结（1）.重要短语haveconversationwithsb.同某人谈话too….to……..太….而不能thesecretto….….的秘诀beafraidofdoingsth/beafraidtodosth害怕做某事Lookup查阅repeatoutloud大声跟读makemistakesin在。。。方面犯错误Connect……with…..把。。。和。。。连接/l联系起来getbored感到厌烦bestressedout焦虑不安的Payattentionto注意；关注Dependon取决于；依靠theabilitytodosth做某事的能力（2）.重点句型Themoreyouread,thefasteryou’llbe.越。。。越。。。so…that…..引导结果状语从句；TheteacherspokesoquicklythatIdidnotunderstandmostofthetime.sothat以便；所以IwanttolearnnewwordsandmoregrammarsothatIcanhaveabetterunderstandingofEnglishmovies.whether引导主语从句；Butwhetherornotyoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearninghabits.Whatabout…?。。。。怎么样?相当于Howabout…?It’stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.AlthoughIcouldnotunderstandeverythingthecharacterssaid,theirbodylanguageandtheexpressionsontheirfaceshelpedmetogetthemeaning.Idiscoveredthatlisteningtosomethinginterestingisthesecrettolanguagelearning.Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.bebornwith生而具有Bornof出生于。。家庭havetheabilitytodosth有做某事的能力Evenifyoulearnsomethingwell,youwillforgetitunlessyouuseit.Goodlearnerswillkeeppracticingwhattheyhavelearned…keepv保持Keep(on)doingsth一直/继续做某事Theyalsolookforwaystoreviewwhattheyhavelearned.ThenonedayIwatchedanEnglishmoviecalledToyStory.CalledTotStory为过去分词短语作后置定语Eg:ThatmancalledLiismyuncle.（3）要点详解：SectionAbyaskingtheteacherforhelp通过向老师求助。（P1）1）by，“通过；靠”，后加名词/代词/动名词。Eg.Hehadtodoalltheworkbyhand.2）ask（sb）forsth，“向某人要某物；要求某人某事”。Eg.Mymotheraskedmeforhelpyesterday.DoyouhaveconversationswithfriendsinEnglish?你和朋友用英语说话吗？（P2）conversion，“交谈；谈话”。与动词have/hold连用时，须加不定冠词，但与动词make连用时，不加不定冠词。常用短语有：have/holdaconversionwith...“与...交谈/谈话”；makeconversion“闲谈；搭讪”beinaconversionwith...“与...在谈话”Eg.Hehadaconversationwithhissonyesterday.Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?朗读练习发音呢？（P2）1）Whatabout...?=Howabout...?“...怎么样？”2）辨析aloudadv，“大声地；出声地”，多指使别人听到的意味，常与read连用。loudadj、adv。作adv时，“高声地；响亮地；大声地”，常放于speak、talk、laugh、sing之后，多用比较级。loudly“高声地”，有时与loud通用。但含有“喧闹”的意味。在用与比较级或最高级时，通常用loud而不用loudly。Eg.Readingaloudisdifferentfromreadingloudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。Don’ttalksoloud.不要那么高声的谈话。3）practice，动词，“练习”，后加名词、代词、动名词。练习：Theypractice_____(speak)Englisheveryday.
答案
八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案
：speakingIt’stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.听懂英语口语太难了。（P2）1）It+be+adj+for/ofsb+todosth.Eg.It’sdangerousforchildrentoplaywithfire.2）too...to...“太...而不能...”.Eg.Heistooyoungtojointheparty.注意：not...enoughto.../so...that...练习：Thegirlis____tired____shecouldwalkanymore.答案：CA.too;toB.not;enoughC.so;thatIhavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareportnextMonday.(P2)我必须读完一本书，以便下周一作报告。1）finish“完成”，后加名词、代词、动名词。Eg.Ifinisheddoingmyhomeworkhalfanhourago.拓展：后加动名词的动词及短语：enjoy/practice/finish/minddoingsthkeep(on)doingsthbebusy(in)doingsthhavefundoingsthfeellikedoingsthlookforwardtodoingsthcan’thelpdoingsth2）giveareport“作报告”，makeareport“写报告”，haveareport“听报告”6.Justreadquicklytogetthemainideasatfirst.(P2)一开始只管快速阅读获取文章大意就可以了。1）just，副词，“请；只管...就好了”。Eg.Justcomehereamoment.2)atfirst，“起初；一开始”。Eg.Atfirstweusedhandtools.Laterwehadmachines.注意：firstofall=first，表示顺序，后往往用next，then等Well,bepatient.(P2)哦，耐心点。patient，形容词，“有耐心的”。（1）bepatientwithsb对某人有耐心；（2）bepatientofsth忍耐某事Eg.Weshouldbepatientwithourstudents.Youshouldlearnhowtjobepatientofpains.拓展：patient还可作名词，“病人”。Themoreyouread,thefasteryou’llbe.(P2)你读的越多，你阅读的速度就越快。“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”，意为“越...越...”Eg.Themoreyousmile,thehappieryouwillfeel.拓展：“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越...”Eg.Theweatherbecomescolderandcolder.WhydidWeiFenfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish?(P3)为什么魏芬发现学习英语很那？find+it+adj+todosth“发现做某事...”Eg.IfinditveryinterestingtolearnEnglish.Whatisthesecrettolanguagelearning?(P3)语言学习的秘诀是什么？thesecretto...“...的秘诀”eg.Herageisasecrettousall.ButIwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.(P3)但是因为我糟糕的发音，我害怕问问题。1）beafraidtodosth“害怕做某事”eg.I’mafraidtotravelbyplane.拓展：beafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事beafraidofsth/sb害怕某人/某物I’mafraidthat从句，恐怕...2）becauseof“因为；由于”，后加名词性短语。ThenonedayIwatchedanEnglishmoviecalledToyStory.Ifellinlovewiththisexcitingandfunnymovie.(P3)之后有一天，我看了一部名为《玩具总动员》的英文电影。我爱上了这部令人兴奋而有趣的电影！1）calledToyStory过去分词短语作后置定语，called可换为named，修饰movie。Eg.ThatmancalledBobismyuncle.2）fall/beinlovewith“爱上”Eg.Theyfellinlovewitheachotherafterworkingtogether,AlthoughIcouldnotunderstandeverythingthecharacterssaid,theirbodylanguageandtheexpressionsontheirfaceshelpedmetogetthemeaning.(P3)尽管我并不能听懂各个角色说的所有台词，但他们的肢体语言和面部表情帮助我理解意思。1）although“尽管；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，相当于though，不能与but同时出现在一个句子中。Eg.Althoughitrained,theboysstillplayedoutside.=Itrained,buttheboysstillplayedoutside.2）helpsb（to）dosth；helpsbwithsth；help（to）dosthEg.SheoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.Idiscoveredthatlisteningtosomethinginterestingisthesecrettolanguagelearning.(P3)我发现听有趣的东西是语言学习的秘诀。1）辨析：discover/inventdiscover指“发现”原本存在但一直不为人知的东西练习：Recentlythey_____goldinthisarea.Edison______theelectriclightbulb.Columbus______America.invent“发明”出的新的，原本并不存在的东西答案：havediscovered/invented/discovered2）listeningtosomethinginteresting是动名词短语，在宾语从句中作主语。动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Eg.WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforoureyes.ButbecauseIwantedtounderstandthestory,Ilookedthemupinthedictionary.(P3)但因为我想弄明白这个故事，所以我就查词典。1）want“要；想要”，相当于wouldlike，后接名词、代词、动词不定式。2）lookup...inadictionary“在词典中查询...”Eg.Idon’tknowtheword.Let’slookitupinthedictionary.IwanttolearnnewwordsandmoregrammarsothatIcanhaveabetterunderstandingofEnglishmovies.(P3)我想学习新单词和更多的语法，以便更好地理解英文电影。sothat引导目的状语从句，“以便；为了”，相当于inorderthat...结构。其从句中谓语动词常和can、may、should等情态动词及beableto连用。Eg.MyfatherboughtmeabicyclesothatIcangotoschoolquickly.辨析：sothat与so...thatsothat引导目的状语从句，“以便；为了”；还可引导结果状语从句，“因此；所以”so...that引导结果状语从句，“如此...以至于”Eg.Pleaseturnonthelightsothatwecanseeclearly.IamsotiredthatIcan’twalkanyfurther.SectionBIcan’talwaysunderstandspokenEnglish.我并非总能听懂英语口语。（P5）notalways“不总是；不一定总；未必总”，部分否定。当not与also、all、everything、everyone、everybody等词连用时，表示部分否定。Eg.Peoplewhohavealotofmoneyarenotalwayshappy.Idon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.我不知道如何提高我的阅读速度。（P5）1）howtoincreasemyreadingspeed是“疑问词+todo”结构，作know的宾语。疑问词what、who、which、when、where、how、why等可以与todo一起构成“疑问词+todo”结果，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或宾补等成分。Eg.Ireallydon’tknowwhattowriteabout.2）increase“增加；增长”常构成短语：①increaseto...“增加到...”eg.Thepopulationinthiscitywillincreaseto1,000,000.②increaseby...“增加/增长了...”eg.Thepriceofpetrolincreasedby5%.3）speed“速度”，ata/thespeedof“以...的速度”；atfullspeed“全速地”；withgreatspeed“快速地”。Eg.Pleasedriveataspeedofsixtymilesanhour.Ioftenmakemistakesingrammar.我经常在语法方面犯错误。（P5）makemistakesin...=makeamistake...“在某方面犯错”Eg.Healwaysmakemistakesinspellingthenewwords.拓展：mistake作动词，“弄错；误解”。常用短语：mistakesAforB“错把A当作B”。Eg.Theteachermistookmeformytwinbrother.老师错把我当成了我的孪生哥哥。Idon’tknowenoughwordstowritewell.我认识的单词不够多，不能把作文写好。（P5）enough修饰名词，即可位于名词前，也可位于名词后。enough还可以修饰adj/adv，放于其后。Eg.It’swarmenoughintheroom.拓展：enough+（for+sb）+todosth“足够...（使...）能做某事”。Eg.Theboxislightenoughfortheboytocarry.MaybeyoushouldjoinanEnglishclub.或许你应该加入英语俱乐部。（P5）maybeadv,“或许；大概”，位于句首，同义词perhaps、probably。maybe“情态动词+be动词”结构，“可能是”。Eg.Maybeyouareright.Youmayberight.Howcanyoubecomeasuccessfullearner?你怎样才能成为一个成功的学习者呢？（P6）learn+er=learner拓展：动词后加er构成名词：teach-teacherwrite-writersing-singerread-readerwork-workerdance-dancerEveryoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.每个人天生具有学习的能力。（P6）1）beborn“出生；天生”，为被动语态，be动词常用was/were，born是bear是过去分词。Eg.Iwasborninasmallvillage.2）ability，不可数名词，“能力”。常用短语：havetheabilitytodosth“有做某事的能力”。Eg.Manhastheabilitytospeak.Butwhetherornotyoucandothiswelldependonyourlearninghabits.但是你是否能学好取决于你的学习习惯。（P6）1）whetherornot“是否”，whether引导主语从句，不能与if替换。Eg.Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaproblem.2)dependon“视...而定；取决于；依靠”，后加名词、代词、动名词。不能用于进行时态和被动语态。Eg.Wedependonthenewspaperfordailynews.Youmaydependonhiscoming.Creatinganinterestinwhattheylearn创造对所学内容的兴趣。（P6）1）create-creative-creation-creature2）interest此处为名词，“兴趣；爱好；关注”，常用短语：take/showaninterestin...“对...感兴趣；表现出对...的兴趣”。Eg.Sheshowsaninterestinmusic.Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainismoreactiveanditisalsoeasierforyoutopayattentiontoitforalongtime.研究表明，如果你对某件事感兴趣，你的大脑就会更加活跃，你也更容易长时间关注它。（P6）1）active形容词，“活跃的；积极的”，takeanactivepartin“积极参加”。Eg.Althoughheisover80,heisstillveryactive.active-activity-activelypayattentionto(doing)sth“注意；关注”Eg.You’dbetterpayattentiontothiswordintheEnglishexamlasttime.Goodlearnersoftenconnectwhattheyneedtolearnwithsomethinginteresting.优秀的学习者常常将他们需要学习的东西与有趣的事情联系起来。（P6）1）connect...with...“把...和...连接或联系起来”，connect为动词，名词为connection。Eg.Pleasedon’tconnectthispersonwiththatperson.2）need“需要”，后加名词、代词、todo或doing。Eg.Ineedalotofmoneynow.3）somethinginteresting“有趣的动词”，当形容词修饰不定代词something、anything、nothing等时，形容词放其后。Eg.Thereisnothingnewintoday’snewspaper。Practiceandlearningfrommistakes.联系并从错误中学习。（P）learnfrom...“向...学习”Goodlearnersthinkaboutwhattheyaregoodatandwhattheyneedtopracticemore.优秀的学习者考虑他们擅长什么和需要多练习什么。（P6）1）thinkabout“考虑”，其后加名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句。Eg.Theyarethinkingaboutaseriousproblem.2）begoodat“擅长”，后加名词、代词、动名词。相当于dowellin“在某方面做得好”。Evenifyoulearnsomethingwell,youwillforgetitunlessyouuseit.即使是你学得好的东西，如果你不使用，就会忘记。（P6）1）evenif“即使；纵然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，有退一步的意味，相当于eventhough。Eg.I’llhelpyou,evenifImuststayupthewholenight.forget/remember辨析：remember/forgettodo和remember/forgetdoingunless“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于if...not。Eg.Don’tcomeunlessIcallyou.Goodlearnerswillkeeppracticingwhattheyhavelearned.优秀的学习者会继续练习他们已经学过的知识。（P6）1）keep（on）doingsth一直（继续）做某事。Eg.Hedidn’tstop,andhejustkeptrunning.keepsbdoingsth让某人一直做某事。Eg.I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.Forexample,theymaytakenotesbywritingdownkeywordsorbydrawingmindmaps.例如，他们可能通过写下关键词或者画思维图来做笔记。（P6）1）forexample“例如”，往往用逗号隔开，可位于句首、句中、句末。Eg.Iknowthefilmstar-ZhangZiyi,forexample.辨析：suchas与forexamplemind后加名词、或动名词作宾语。Eg.Doyoumindgivingmeaglassofwater.Theyalsolookforwaystoreviewwhattheyhavelearned.他们设法复习已经学过的知识。（P6）1）辨析lookfor“寻找”，强调寻找的动作和过程，有目的地找。练习：I’m_______mypeneverywhere,butIcan’t_____it.Readthepassage,and_____theanswertothisquestion.find“找到；发现”，找到或发现具体的动词，或偶然发现某物，强调结果。findout“弄清；查明”，经过困难、曲折调查、询问或研究等之后弄清楚，明白。答案：lookingfor/find/findoutKnowledgecomesfromquestioning.知识来自疑问。（P6）二、单元易错点分析（1）.功能句型：“越...越...”的表达法:Themoreyouread,thefasteryou’llbe.so...that..引导结果状语从句：TheteacherspokesoquicklythatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.sothat引导目的状语从句：IwanttolearnnewwordsandmoregrammarsothatIcanhaveabetterunderstandofEnglishmovies.谈论做事方式：（1）—HowdoyoulearnEnglish?—Ilearnbystudyingwithagroup.（2）—DoyoulearnEnglishbyreadingaloud?Yes,Ido.Ithelpsmypronunciation.whether引导主语从句：Butwhetherornotyoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearninghabits.（2）.语法解读：“by+doing形式”表示方式、方法语法结构by+doing形式，“通过做...的方式”IlearnChinesebylisteningtotapes。提问方式by+doing结构常用来回答Howdoyou...？或HowcanI...?这类句型-HowcanIturnonthelight?-Byturningthisbutton.拓展：介词by的其他用法：1）by+交通工具，“乘/坐...”bybus2）by+地点，“在...的旁边；靠近...”bythelake3）by+时间，“截止到...；不迟于...”byten4）辨析by、with、in，“用”by侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递方式或媒介等with侧重“用”有形工具、材料、内容等in侧重“用”语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等Eg.We’llbetravelingbycar.Hebrokethewindowwithastone.PleaseanswerthequestioninEnglish.三、单元写作指导 作文二: TherearefourkeypointstostudyEnglish:listening,speaking,readingandwriting. Firstly,weshouldbebravetotalkwithothersinEnglish.Bydoingthis,wecanimproveoretalkingandlisteningskill. Secondly,weshouldtrytolistentoallkindsofEnglishprogrammesasmuchaspossible.Inthisway,wecangraduallyimproveourpronunciation. Thirdly,weshouldoftenreadEnglishbooks.Whenwecomeacrossanewword.Weshouldguessitsmeaningthroughthecontestfirst.Thenlookitupinthedictionarytohaveacheck.Ithin,,itisagoodwayofreading. Fourthly,weshouldpracticeourwritingskills.Wheneverwehaveanyidea,weshouldgetthepenandwriteitdownatonce.ItisveryimportanttoavoidwritinginChinesewayandusingtheChinesegrammar. Aslongaswelisten,speak,readandwritemore,wearesuretomakeremarkableproGREss!
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