英语倒装句经典资料

英语倒装句经典资料(1)So...that和such…that在so...that结构中，若将soadj./adv.置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。如：Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。Sofastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。Sosuddenwastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。Somuchdidtheyeatthattheycouldnotmoveforthenexthour.他们吃得太多了，一个小时都动弹不得。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.他讲话声音那么大，隔壁屋里的人都听得见。Sofastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.光速很快，我们几乎没法像它的速度。Sosuddenwastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。类似地，当such…that…结构的such…置于句首时，such后的句子也要使用部分倒装。如：Suchanicemandidheseemthatweallbelievehim.他像个很和蔼的人，所以我们都喜欢他。Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。Sofastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。Sosuddenwastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑(2)表语或状语置于句首时的完全倒装有时为了强调或者为了使句子平衡或者为了使上下文连接得更加紧密，就将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首，谓语动词也常置于主语前，构成完全倒装。如：Bythedoorstoodanarmedguard.门口站着一名手持武器的士兵。Atthenexttablewasaprettygirlwaitingforsomeone.隔壁桌上坐着一个等人的漂亮姑娘。AmongthesepeoplewashisfriendJim.他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。Bythewindowsatayoungmanwithamagazineinhishand.窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。Atthefrontofthebookisatableofcontents,givingdetailsofwhatisinthebook.书的前部有目录，详列了书中的内容。(3)as、though引导让步状语从句时的倒装四类Tired形容词asIwas,Itriedtohelpthem.虽然我很累，我还是努力帮助他们。Try动词ashewould,hecouldn’topenthedoor.他试过多次了,却仍打不开那门。Search动词astheywould,theywouldfindnobodyinthehouse.无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。Hard形容as(though)theytried,theycouldn’tmakeherchangehermind.尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。Boy名词ashewas,hebehavedlikeagirl.他虽是个男孩，但举止却像个女孩。名词前不要冠词的Much副词asIlikeyou,Icouldn’tlivewithyou.虽然我很喜欢你，但我不能和你一起生活。（4）非谓语动词置于句首的倒装有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。如：Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。Tobecarefullyconsideredarethefollowingquestions.下列问题要仔细考虑。（5）以频度副词开头引出的倒装以always,usually,often,nowandthen,manyatime,everyday等频度副词位于句首，且表示强调时，用部分倒装；但若不强调时，也可不用倒装。如：Oftendidhecomeherewithagoodsmileonhisface.他来这里时，脸上挂着笑容。Oftendidwewarnhimnottodoso.我曾常常警告他不要那样做。Oftenhewalked.他过去经常步行。ThendidIthrowmyselfintoachair,exhausted.这时我累得一下就坐在椅子上了。ThenIwentbacktomyownroom.于是我回到自己的房间去。（6）表示祝愿的句子的倒装Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!中华人民共和国万岁！Mayyouhaveagoodjourney.祝你旅途愉快。Mayyousucceed.祝你成功。(7)否定词句首否定词no,none,neither,nor,nobody,nothing,never，或半否定词hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,few,否定词的短语notuntil,bynomeans,notonly…butalso…,innoway,neither…nor…,innotime,nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…,及频度状语副词everyday,everyotherday,manyatime,often等位于句首时，一般须部分倒装。如：NeitherdoIknowhim.我也不认识他。Noworddidhesaybeforeheleft.他一句话没说就走了。LittledidIknowaboutit.我对它了解得不多。Littledoesherealizehowimportantthismeetingis.他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。Littledidheknowthatthepolicewereafterhim.他一点也不知道警察在找他Littledidheknowthatthepolicewereafterhim.他一点也不知道警察在找他。Littledoesherealizehowimportantthismeetingis.他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。Neverdoeshecomelate.他从不迟到。BynomeansshallIgothereagain.我决不会再去那儿了。Fewstudentsdidtheyseeintheclassroom.他们在教室没看到几个学生。NotaworddidIeversaytohim.我从未对他说过一句话。NevershallIforgivehim.我永远不会宽恕他。Seldomdoeshegooutfordinner.他很少出去吃饭。Hardlydoesshehavetimetolistentomusic.她几乎没时间听音乐。Onnoaccountsmustthisswitchbetouched.这个开关是绝不能触摸的。In[Under]nocircumstanceswillIlendmoneytohim.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。Bynomeansshouldyoutellhimaboutit.你绝不要告诉他这事。Undernocircumstancesarechildrenallowedinthebar.在任何情况下也不能允许儿童进酒吧但是，innotime(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：Innotimeheworkedouttheproblem.他马上就算出了那道题。Notonlyisheateacher,butheisalsoapoet.他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。Notonlydidhecome,butalsohebroughtusgoodnews.Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,buthespokemoreeasily.Nosoonerhadwereachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。Nosoonerhadsheagreedtomarryhimthanshestartedtohaveterribledoubts.她刚同意嫁给他Nosoonerhadwereachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞Hardlyhadhearrivedatthestationwhenthetrainbegantoleave.他一到车站，火车就开动了。Notuntilallthefishintheriverdieddidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.直到河里的鱼全死了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严Notuntilweloseourhealthdowerealizeitsvalue.等到失去了健康，才明白它的价值。（8）only句首1.“only副词”位于句首：OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.Onlybyshoutingwasheabletomakehimselfheard. Thepilotreassuredthepassengers. OnlythendidIrealizehowdangerousthesituationhadbeen.2.“only介词短语”位于句首：Onlyby workinghardcanyousucceed.只有努力工作你才能成功。Onlyinthereading-roomcanyoufindhim.你只有在阅览室才能找到他。3.“only状语从句”位于句首：OnlyaftershediedwasIabletoappreciateher.只有到她死后我才认识到她的价值。Onlywhen onelosesfreedomdoesoneknowitsvalue.一个人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可贵。注意：若位于句首的不是only状语，而是only宾语等，则通常无需倒装(但有时也可以倒装)：Onlyapolicemanthechildrensawinthestreet.孩子们在街上只看到一个警察。OnlyonemorepointwillImake.我只再说明一点。（9）介词短语置于句置时的倒装说明■在通常情况下，介词短语置于句置时其后的句子是不用倒装的。如：Attheendtheremaybeanindex.结尾处可能有索引。Ontheplatformshekissedhermother.BeforethemeetingIlookedthroughthereports.Fromtheballoonwecouldseethetownfarbelow.从热气球上我们可以看到下方远处的小镇。■但是，有时为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将用作地点状语的介词短语置于句首，此时句中主语和谓语完全倒装。这类句子所涉及的动词通常是表示姿势的不及动词(如crouch,hang,lie,sit,stand等)和表示行动的不及物动词（如come,die,go,run,live,rise等）。如：Onthedoorhung a big sign. 门上挂着一个大招牌。Overthewallcameashowerofstones.从墙上飞来一阵石块。RoundthecomercameMrsPorter.波特夫人在拐角上出现了。On thetopofthehillstoodanoldcastle. 山丘上有一座古堡。Undertheroadrunpipesforgasandwater.在马路下面铺着煤气管道和自来水管。Beforethemlaymilesofundulatingmoorland.他们前面是一片高低起伏的荒原。■少数情况下，及物动词的被动语态有时也可以倒装。如：Inthedistancecouldbeseenthepurplemountains.远处可以见到紫色的山。■另外，有时用于句首的介词短语也可能是句子表语，此时要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：Intheboxwasacat.箱子里是一只猫。Intheboxweresomecats.箱子里是一些猫。（10）非谓语动词置于句首时的倒装1.现在分词置于句首时引出的倒装Lyingonthecouchisanoldlady.躺在睡椅上的是一位老太太。Standingbesidethetablewashiswife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。Leadingtotheparkisaverydelightfulroad.通向公园去的是一条非常宜人的路。2.过去分词置于句首时引出的倒装Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。有时置于句首的过去分词可能已转化为形容词，为句子的表语。如：Seatedonthegrassaresomestudentssingingandlaughing.一些学生坐在草地上，唱着、笑着。GonearethedayswhentheycouldtowhattheylikedtotheChinesepeople.他们能够对中国人民为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。3.不定式置于句首时引出的倒装Tobecarefullyconsideredarethefollowingquestions.下列问题要仔细考虑。（11）“so助动词主语”倒装当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So助动词主语”这种倒装结构：YouareyoungandsoamI.你年轻，我也年轻。ShelikesmusicandsodoI.她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。Ifhecandoit,socanI.要是他能做此事，我也能。HecansingEnglishsongsandsocanI.他会唱英语歌，我也会。Hedidn’tseethefilm,andneitherdidI.他没有看这部电影，我也没有看。Sheiseverybeautifulandsowashermotherwhenshewasyoung.她很美，她妈妈年轻时也很美。so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，其句型是：so/neither/nor特殊词主语。使句此句型需注意以下几点：①内容是肯定时，用so，内容是否定时，用neither或nor；②“特殊词”与前句中的情态动词、助动词或be相同，或根据前句的时态，用do,does,did；③“特殊词”的人称和数与其后的主语一致；④“特殊词”本身没有否定形式。如：Youaren’tyoungandneitheramI.你不年轻，我也不年轻。Shehasn’treaditandnorhaveI.她没有读它，我也没有读。(12)虚拟语气倒装①HadInothelpedhim,hewouldhavefailedinbusiness.②ShouldIbefree,Iwouldcome.③Wereshemydaughter,Icouldsuggestadifferentplan.涉及倒装的13个高考英语高频考点1.考查never置于句首时的倒装当否定副词never置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为BA）(1Neverinmywildestdreams_________thesepeoplearelivinginsuchpoorconditions.(安徽卷)A.Icouldimagine  B.couldIimagineC.Icouldn’timagine  D.couldn’tIimagine(2)Neverbefore_________ingreaterneedofmodernpublictransportthanitistoday.(上海卷)A.hasthiscitybeen  B.thiscityhasbeenC.wasthiscity  D.thiscitywas2.考查little置于句首时的倒装当否定副词little置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为DD）(1)Little_________thatwewerewatchinghiseverymove,soheseemedtobegoinghisownwayinthisbusiness.(安徽卷)A.herealized  B.hedidn’trealizeC.didn’therealize  D.didherealize(2)TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittle_________theyknowaboutGerman(天津卷)A.have  B.did  C.had  D.do3.考查seldom置于句首时的倒装当否定副词seldom置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为BA）(1)Seldom_________anyapologywhenmistakesaremade.A.wereceive  B.dowereceiveC.wereceived  D.didwereceive(2)Seldom_________anarticlethatwassofulloflies.A.haveIread  B.Ihaveread  C.hadIread  D.Ihadread4.考查hardly/scarcely置于句首时的倒装当否定副词hardly,scarcely等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为A）Hardly_________EdinburghthantheywereorderedtoreturntoLondon.A.hadtheyreached  B.theyhadreachedC.havethereached  D.theyhavereached5.考查nosooner等置于句首时的倒装当nosooner,nolonger等结构置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案分别为AC）(1)—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?—No,nosooner_________thanithappened.(天津卷)A.hadshegone   B.shehadgoneC.hasshegone  D.shehasgone(2)Nosooner_________mowingthelawnthanitstartedraining.A.haveIstarted  B.IhavestartedC.hadIstarted  D.Ihadstarted6.考查nowhere置于句首时的倒装当否定副词nowhere置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为A）Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse_________suchabeautifulplace.(辽宁卷)A.canyoufind  B.youcouldfindC.youcanfind   D.couldyoufind7.考查bynomeans等置于句首时的倒装当表示否定意义的副词性短语bynomearns,onnoaccounts,innocase,atnotime等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为D）I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans_________withmyprogress.(重庆卷)A.theteacherisnotsatisfied  B.istheteachernotsatisfiedC.theteacherissatisfied  D.istheteachersatisfied8.考查notonly置于句首时的倒装当notonly…butalso句式的notonly部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为B）_________snacksanddrinksbuttheyalsobroughtcardsforentertainmentwhentheyhadapicnicintheforest.(上海)A.Notonlytheybrought  B.NotonlydidtheybringC.Notonlybroughtthey  D.Notonlytheydidbring9.考查notuntil置于句首时的倒装当not…until句式转换成notuntil且置于句首时，其后的主句部分习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为B）NotuntilIbegantowork_________howmuchtimeIhadwasted.A.didn'tIrealize    B.didIrealize  C.Ididn'trealize   D.Irealized10.考查“only状语”置于句首时的倒装当“only状语”置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为DA）(1)Onlythen_________howmuchdamagehadbeencaused.(陕西卷)A.sherealized  B.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealized  D.didsherealize(2)_________bykeepingdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.(浙江卷)A.Only B.Just  C.Still  D.Yet11.考查“so形容词”置于句首时的倒装当so…that句式的“so形容词”部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序（与一般疑问句形式相同）。如：（答案为BB）(1)_________thatMaricwasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.(陕西卷)A.Sosuccessfulherbusinesswas  B.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.Soherbusinesswassuccessful  D.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness(2)Sodifficult_________ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(广东卷)A.Ididfind  B.didIfind  C.Ihavefound  D.haveIfound12.考查类似“sodoI”结构的倒装SodoI这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。如：（答案为CA）(1)—Myroomgetsverycoldatnight.—_________.(江苏卷)A.Soismine  B.Somineis  C.Sodoesmine  D.Sominedoes(2)—It’sburninghottoday,isn’tit?—Yes._________yesterday.(福建卷)A.Sowasit  B.Soitwas  C.Soitis  D.Soisit13.考查类似“nor/neitherdoI”结构的倒装nor[neither]doI这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“……也一样”“……也是如此”。如：（答案为B）IfJoe’swifewon’tgototheparty,_________.(全国II)A.hewilleither   B.neitherwillheC.heneitherwill  D.eitherhewill【倒装专练】1.So_________thateventhepeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.A.loudlyhespoke     B.hespokeloudly C.loudlydidhespeak    D.loudlyspokedidhe2.Onlywhenonelosesfreedom_________itsvalue.A.doesoneknowB.onedoesknow C.doesknowone    D.knowonedoes3.Heneverwenttoseeheragain,_________toapologize.A.nordidhewrite B.norhedidwrite C.hedidwrite    D.norhewrote4._________tosleepthanthetelephonerangonceagain.A.Nosoonerhadhegone    B.NosoonerdidhegoC.Henosoonerwent       D.Hehadgonenosooner5.Nosooner_________downthanthephonerang.A.hadIsat  B.IhadsatC.haveIsat    D.Ihavesat6.Nosooner_________thanhewasaskedtoleaveagain.A.hashearrived  B.hehasarrivedC.hadhearrived  D.hehadarrived7.Little_________,butwe’reflyingtoGenevanextweekendtocelebratehisbirthday.A.doesheknow     B.heknowsC.knowshim  D.didheknow8.Neverinmywildestdreams_________towinfirstplacelasttime.A.Iexpected  B.didIexpectC.Ihaveexpected  D.haveIexpected9.Neverbefore_________somanypeopleherearestillstarving.A.hadIknown  B.IhadknownC.haveIknown  D.Ihaveknown10.Little_________abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.A.doeshecare  B.didhecare C.hecares    D.hecared11.Onlyaftermyfriendcame_________.(fromwww.nmet168.com)A.didthecomputerrepaired  B.berepairedthecomputerC.wasthecomputerrepaired  D.thecomputerwasrepaired12._________aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.A.Socuriousthecouplewas   B.SocuriouswerethecoupleC.Howcuriousthecouplewere  D.Thecouplewassuchcurious13.Onlybyshouting_________tomakehimselfheard.A.hewasable  B.washeableC.hedidable  D.didheable14.Onlywhenwelanded_________howbadlytheplanehadbeendamaged.A.werealized  B.didwerealizeC.hadwerealized  D.wehadrealized15._________wastheattackthatwehadnotimetoescape.A.Sosudden  B.ToosuddenC.Sosuddenly  D.Toosuddenly16.Notonly_________apayincrease,theywantreducedhoursaswell.A.dothenurseswant  B.thenurseswantC.didthenurseswant  D.thenurseswanted17.Notonly_________toher,Ievengotherautograph!A.Ispoke  B.didIspeakC.Ihavespoken  D.haveIspoken18.Theservicewasterribleand_________thefood.A.sothat  B.soasC.sowas  D.soasto【参考答案】1—5CAAAA 6—10CABCB 11—15CBBBA 16—18ABC