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试析《盲刺客》的后现代主义特征试析《盲刺客》的后现代主义特征湖南大学硕士学位论文学校代号:学位申请人姓名:导师姓名及职称:培养单位:称:论文提交日期:论文答辩日期:学号:密级:专业名答辩委员会主席:10532S08121077ZHANG物nAnAnalysisPostmodernBlindB.A.(HunanuniVersity)2008oftheFeaturesinTheAssassinsubmittedMasterMay,2011byYANXiaominAgriculturalAthesispartialsatisfactionRequir...

试析《盲刺客》的后现代主义特征
试析《盲刺客》的后现代主义特征湖南大学硕士学位 论文 政研论文下载论文大学下载论文大学下载关于长拳的论文浙大论文封面下载 学校代号:学位申请人姓名:导师姓名及职称:培养单位:称:论文提交日期:论文答辩日期:学号:密级:专业名答辩委员会主席:10532S08121077ZHANG物nAnAnalysisPostmodernBlindB.A.(HunanuniVersity)2008oftheFeaturesinTheAssassinsubmittedMasterMay,2011byYANXiaominAgriculturalAthesispartialsatisfactionRequirementsfordegreeArtsInEnglishlanguageandliteratureGraduateschoolHunanUniversitySupervisorProfessor导师签名名吞易同期:刀『『作者签名:荔受,增泣日期:2护◆f湖南学学位论文原创性声明学位论文版权使用授权书年多月2日大年石月2同本人郑重声明:所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特别加以标注引用的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的.成果作品。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。作者签名:年本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权湖南大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。本学位论文属于1.保密口,在——年解密后适用本授权书。(请在以上相应方框内打”√”)日期:月日2.不保密团。、摘要卡”美誉的英国文学最高奖一布克奖,此次获奖是其艺术创作达到最新高度的重玛格丽特·阿特伍德(1939.)是在国际上享有很高声誉的加拿大女作家,被誉为“加拿大文学女皇”。阿特伍德因其作品在主题、创作艺术等方面的成就而获得多个奖项。其2000年的第10部长篇小说《盲刺客》更是获得了有“文学奥斯要标志。本文试图从后现代理论的视角对该小说进行解读,从小说的主题和写作手法两个方面,探讨小说的后现代主义特征。该论文将对下面三个主要问题进行探究:小说《盲刺客》在主题和写作手法中体现出的后现代主义特征有哪些?这些后现代主义特征在小说《盲刺客》中是如何体现的?这些后现代主义特征在小说中起到哪些作用?论文包括四章和结论部分。第一章引论,首先简要介绍论文研究背景,包括阿特伍德其人及其创作情况的介绍,然后对《盲刺客》进行介绍及文学界对它的评论,最后提出论文写作目的与结构。第二章是对后现代主义理论的介绍,包括后现代主义,后现代主义特征以及阿特伍德与后现代主义的联系。第三章和第四章是本文的核心部分。第三章从对男性与女性,真实与虚构这两组二元对立的消解和小说中反映的后现代历史观这两个方面,探讨后现代性在小说主题中的体现。第四章从跨体裁、互文性、不确定性、和元小说等角度入手,分析小说写作手法中表现的后现代性,以及这些特性对丰富文本内涵,深化小说主题所起的作用。最后是结论部分,扼要 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 全文的主要观点。概括《盲刺客》中的后现代主义特征及这些特征的作用。小说中后现代主义特征的解读旨在揭示它高超的艺术手法和深层意蕴,为解读和欣赏这部小说提供新的视角。小说中蕴含的后现代主义特征体现出阿特伍德对加拿大历史和男权社会中女性命运的深切关注,向世人揭露出男权社会中女性所承受的种种悲惨遭遇从而对男权社会给予了猛烈的抨击,也尖锐地批评了当时充满战争与暴力,阶级压迫与剥削和女性牺牲与痛苦的现实世界,并唤起女性的自我觉醒。同时指出阿特伍德成功地将后现代主义特征与其作品《盲刺客》结合在一起,是一位杰出的后现代主义作家,也体现出阿特伍德强烈的社会责任感。关键词:玛格丽特·阿特伍德:《盲刺客》:后现代主义:后现代主义特征PostmodemⅡAnAnalysisoftheFeaturesinTheBlindAssassinAbstractAssassin--herTheAtwood(1939一)isPrize(theUK),Theliterature”,Margaretthesis.WhatWhatQueennumerousachievementthemefrompostmodernfollowingthemeswritingAtwoodpostmodernism.Chaptermainlyopposition,namely,male/female/imagination.Besides,postmodernviewismetafictionfreshappreciationthemale-dominatedmiserable硕1}:学位论文Acclaimedas“theofCanadianprestigiouscontemporarywomanwriterwithinternationalcelebrity.Shehasreceivedawardsandhonorsforherincreativeworks.AswinnerBookermostimportantliteraryawardBlindtenthnovel2000,isregardedstorytellingnewheight.ThisthesisattemptsinterpretAssassinperspectivetheory,analyzingfeaturestwoaspects:techniques.ThethreequestionswillbecarefullyexploredtechniquesAssassin?Howthesepresentednovel?functionsnovel?Theconsistsfourchaptersconclusion.ChapterOneintroduction.Itfirstgivesbriefintroductionbackgroundstudy,includingworks.Thenitintroducesliteraturereviewnovel.Atlastpurposeputforward.ChapterTwotheory,includingpostmodernism,postmodernrelationbetweenThreeChapterFourbackbonethisthesis,devotedspecificanalysisfeatures.Chapterdiscussesnovel,inwhichbinaryrealityhistorysuggestednovel.ChapterseveralAssassin.Notonlytransgressionsgenresintertextualityembodyfeatures,Atwood’Sindeterminacyalsorepresentspartconcludesabove—analyzedpartssummarizestheirnovel.Theinterpretationaimsrevealinghighartistryexperimentalrichintensionnovel,providingrevealdeepfemales’fatesociety,revealingwomen’Ssufferingssociety,sharplyattackingsocietyartsarttostructuresetsatIIIaasareanuseessence.concernWords:Margarettime.Meanwhile,sheworldfemalewomen’SAtwoodmasterpostmodernAtwood’SKeyAtwood;TheAssassin;postmodernism;criticizingtherealfullofwarandviolence,classoppressionexploitation,sacrificepainthatcallsforthself-awaking.Itpointsiswriting,combiningfeatureswithTheBlindAssassinsuccessfully,andalsoshowsstrongresponsibility.atoutIVaContents湖南大学学位论文原创性声明与学位论文版权使用授权书⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯l要⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯IIin弛P摘WritingAppendix详细中文摘要⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯·46Abstract⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯IlIIntroduction⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯··1study⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯1Assassin⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯2thesis⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯··52PostmodernistTheory⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯·7postmodernism⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯··7postmodernism⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯··8Margaretpostmodernism⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯·9Chapter3PostmodernThemesBlindAssassin⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.1Deconstructionoppositions⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯··11female⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯·12imagination⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯15history⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..19BlindAssassin⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..21boundaries⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.21embodimentmemoir⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..21romance⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..23fiction⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯25intertextuality⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯.264.2.1poems⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯26Handmaid'sTale⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..29romance⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯32employmentindeterminacy⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯·34metafiction⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯”37COnclusion⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯..40References⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯42Acknowledgements..............................................................................................5011.1Backgroundofthe1.2LiteraturereviewThe1.3purposeand2.1Introduction2.2Features2.3Atwoodin3.1binary3.1.1Binaryoppositionbetweenmale3.1.2reality3.2view4Techniques4.1Transgressiongenre4.1.1confessional4.1.2gothic4.1.3science4.2CitationfromTennyson’S4.2.2AllusionAtwood’S4.2.3Parodyfemale4.34.4structuretoaVChapter1Introductionbooks—novels,poetry,shortTheGrace(1996),TheAtwood(1986),the(1996)andPrize(2000).HerWoman(1969),Surfacing(1972),LadyOracle(1976),L/rebeforeMan(1979),BodilyHarm(1981),Tale(1985),Cat'sEye(1989),TheBride(1994),AliasAssassin(2000)andCrake(2003).NischikMargaretfascinating,versatil岛andprolificgiftofnever-failing(Nischik2000:1)major1.1BackgroundthestudyLiterature”,Margaret939-)isAward(1966,1tackle.HerI"o,.combiningfavoritebriefAtwoodintroducesBlindAcclaimedQueenexperimentalbeennumerousmostHandmaid'scommented,sheandCookeremarksAtwood’Sthreeconcerns,namely,environmentalfeministconsciousness.硕十学位论文Thischapterisintroduction.Itfirstgivesintroductionbackgroundstudy,includingherworks.ThenitAssassinbrieflypreviousresearchesnovel.Atlastpurposethesisputforward.as“theCanadianfamouspoet,novelist,story-writeressayistincontemporaryCanada.Sherenownedforprolificacywritingtechniques.Asversatilewriter,Atwood,inpastfortyyears,hasproducedmorethanstories,nonfictions,aswellchildren’Sbookson,manywhichhavetranslatedintolanguages.Theexcellenceworksnowrecognizedworld—widehasbroughtawardshonors.Shereceivednearlyallrewardsliterature.TheprominentincludeGovernorGeneral’SGillerPrizeBookernovelsEdibleRobberOryxauthorstime,asuperbwritereverygenrechosenextraordinaryintellectualimaginativepowerslanguage,theuncannytopicalitythemes,herhumor,asexceptionaltalentintellectuallychallengingwithhighreadability,havemadereaderscritics,andscholarsalike.alsoliterarylionbothCanadaabroad.oftenrevealconcern,CanadiannationalisticawarenesstostructureaonareasSOoneseveroneourtheme--survival,“howcivilization.’’(Fu2003:293)Asjourney10。“novcl,砌ePrize(theUK),Thejudges,commentstruth."(quoted2003:283).TheThecouple(“he”and“she”).TheAnalysisMost1.2LiteraturereviewofBlindAssassinWest,thecombinedwomenpatriarchalCanadasurvivesshadowcolonizedAmericanhumanJunfemalewriter,Atwoodpsychology.inhernovelsmodernimportanceworks,Atwoodalsoappliescriticaleco-feminism,·post-structuralismpostmodernism,whichAtwood,theamountreviewsmostimportantthe2000masterpieceAtwoodimplication.Itinterestingenough.Constructednarratives.Theframestorywhichmemoirentitlednameinteriorscienceseparatedfromother.Actually,theyandacademiadonepart.Indevelopmentevaluationsmainlystages,whichgeneralintroductionin-depthcriticismfocusingThesewithsamestrugglesurvivesociety;howbyBritainFrancewellinvasionculture;howravagescausedprogressionisgooddescribingwomen’Sprotagonistsprofessionalsocietymanythemartistswriterswhotheirfindrealself.Theself,thesearchforidentityinstinctsurvival,arehighlighted.Totheoriessuchenhancesboththemeswritingtechniques.ThoughcriticsgivemuchattentionAssassin,hasbeenscarce,takingnovel’Sachievement.AswinnerBookerliteraryawardregardedstorytellingnewheight.SimonJenkins,onethat“farreaching,dramaticstructurallysuperb,itdemonstratesAtwood’Simmenseemotionalrange,aspoet’SeyetellingdetailpsychologicalFuconsideredbetermsitsexperimentalstylewidemyintereststudyingthisnovel.Russiannestingdollstructure,thenovelblendthreelayersfirstlayereighty··two--year··oldIriswritesfamily’Spast.ThesecondAssassin,publishedyoungersisterLaura.It’Saboutdangerousloveanonymousfictionwhich“he’’and“she”createwhentheydating.Superficially,thestoriesseemeachilluminateother.InUSEuropeanhasresearchworkwetwo=詈=!!!!!===昌=昌g==!==!=======皇!==!=====!==.————..—.——.————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————im——————II——一i=搴tonatureatsetoutaccountartnarrator2AnIhePostmodernFeaturesBlindAssassinconcernsareaonceasoronarousesancanseeIllThesuccessful.Hite(2001)drawsElaine(2000)praisesvictimization.Molly(2001:1)alsoBouson(2003:251)interpretsnarratology,Ingersoll(2003)contendsStaels(2002)exploresnarratives.Wilson(2002)givesGounelas(2004)dealsperspective,Harold(2005)USeSMcEwen’Sintroductionmainlyreviewsintroduction,characterevaluationtriple—layered,Chinese-boxAlmostmazethemaddeningBlinditsfeminista‘woman’sfemalethemes,“it’Spostmodernplayfulness,andHandmaid'stale,criticismnon-feministmemoirwomen,showingmisogynydevelopmentwomaninterpretationarticle.quasi—modern,quasi-postmodernmirroringlevelsparticipationnovels,emphasizingimportancemilieu.AtwoodfromChina’spublishingliterary硕上学位论文variousaspectsofnovel.Generalnovelbookincludingplotingeneral,briefimageryappreciationandon.Almostcriticfailsbeimpressedbyintricatenarrativeconstructionthisnovel,whichiseveryreviewviewsyetattentioninterplaybetweenthreenarrativesfindscharacterizationfascinatingtraitpointsAssassiniShistoricalnovel.Theforreadsnovel’aboutsacrificenovel’Sabouthaveshave-nots,marriage,love,sacrificestories,tolduntold.’’Othertoucheduponincludeconvergencewith,anddivergenceAliceGrace,twoAtwood’SmostacclaimednovelsbeforeAssassin.Theseintroductorypavewayfurtherstudyintonovel.In.depthmaydividedtwogroups:feministreading.thatunsettlingcautionarytalethat‘‘probesculturalrepetitionsexualviolenceagainstlinkinstitutionaltraumatizationwomen”.ButBousonconcerns.Innovel,theonlysurvivorwhowriter.ItreceivesBasedtheoriesarrangementfashion.devicesdifferentessayillustratingfunctionrolepopularcultureAssassin.Heconcludesincisivelyrecords,investigates,satirizesparadoxicallycelebratesNorthAmericanculture.withdualityperspectivepsycho-analysis.Fromreader—responseIanAtonementexamplesansweringsomequestionsconcerningreader’Ssocialhasgraduallydrawntostructure.outcontenttOnotestructureareSOnoaasourseesoneonanUS3;;』坠些堡垒些皇竺墼型塑坚尘丝型丝丝些坠————————一MargaretJun(2003:336)givesXianghui(2007)interpretsXianghui(2009)analyzesLan(2005:75)pointsShouwen(2005)mainlyperspective”(Pan2005:56).Jie(2006)exploreQianting(2007)interpretsjZhidan(2007)mainlyWriting.TheWanghaveattentionAtwoodianmonographAtwoodandHerresearchChinaremainselementaryFromBli”dpointfusingGothicnarrativemuchwritingtechniques,especiallythemodernherexcavation.Basedofmodelsfeminismnarration.Fromperspectivesocialthree.dimensionalfeminist-narratologicalvoicesignificancefeministlife,especiallylifethemes.ButwidthleavingnovelAtwood’Son.Therefore,furtherthemisneeded.focusesnovel.Heunreliabilityitsinsightcreationthroughilluminateform·memory,Kefragmentsmemoryemphasizecomplicacyit.Shepointsitfemalememory.Ancirclesinyears.Lotsscholarsresearchersturnedtheirstudies.Butonlyavailable:FuJun’SdoneTheBlindAssassinstagestillhaslongwaygo.narratologicalperspective,Fureviewindicatesthatentwinedseveralkindstechniquesnovel:concur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1:9)postmodernismmajorTurn,Hasson(1987)innovation(Zhu1997:374).HuOuansheng(2004)givesThedifferenceformalwriting.Thisofferedformer(2)Theofoftenplots,figure—like2.2Featuresanti-form,play,performance,participation,dispersal,inter—text,combination,irony(1lchant‘1Makedramatize“Makenotoriouslymodernismsupersededhastermreferseithermovement.ThepostmodernistmainstreamdescribedramaticcinematographicDifferentdifferentpostmodernism,itpostmodernism.It’Sfeaturessummarizeoffersanti.traditionanti.authority,decentralization,pluralismLiyuanSelectedbecausepostmodernistslanguage,theuniverse,andknowabilityworld.That’Scharacters,openambiguous,implyingthatbeencontinuedintonewInotherwords.theculturalphenomenonliteraryinthisthesislatterandfictionsindicatescomebeusedspecifictextualcharacteristicswhichgleanedfromanalysisselectedliterary,works.theoristsholdinterpretationsseemshardforthemreconcilewitheachother.Correspondingly,manycriticsmadeeffortsexploreeasydrawclearpictureallpresentedbycritics,butit’Sstillfeasiblereviewingthosegiventheorists.InPostmodernpostmodernhavewidespreadgreatlyappreciated.Inbookrelatedindeterminacy.LyotardpointscharacterizedspiritdetailedaboutReading20th-CenturyBritishAmericanbiggestbetweenliesdegreesmodernistsmakeexperimentstheirtwoslogansrespectivelynew’’:thelaterstrange”.principleuncertaintyissalientwritings.ThismanyskepticaltransparencyorganicwhywritingsweAnalysistosetnotcatenaouttOAnBlindAssassinoraarecanansenseare:seensee8MargaretSuperpower--theideasmdecentralization.Atwoodofmetafictionists,stresseclecticism.Manifestformsdifferentreader.(Hu2004:14)dislocation”(SmythAtwoodpostmodernism13)Fictionalityfiction.Since(4)Infiction(5)Full1991:9).Thesenovel.When2.3andforState.Withendings,etc.,thatallchanteddramatizedpostmoderniststory—tellingReality”or“thevisualbreaktheQuanshengto“discontinuity,indeterminacy,fragmentation,plurality,metafictionality,parody,pastiche,allegory,irony,decentringthreenovels,thedifferent.Manythempostmodernism.fromFirstly,Atwood’Spostmodernism.ComparedpositionEmpirepostmodernCanada.Therefore,she硕上学位论文pointuncertainty.literarywritingisinmanypostmodernists,especiallytheirwithlanguageprocesses,“theworld’1acquiresproblematicwritings.there括anartisticstylistichybridizationgenresmixingstylesculturestimeperiodsarts,literature,etc.playallowedrolereader.PostmodernistdramaticallytraditionalbetweenanthorreaderreviseconventionalTherecontinualreferencesnumerousqualitiesdon’tappeartogethereveryfiction,butmostmorethantwocharacteristicsdomanifestedimportancethesefeaturesalsowritersstillembarkingcomposingworks.AtwoodregardedcontemporaryCanadianLiteratureshefrequentlyciteddisplayingstylehernovels.extensivelyideastechniquesworks.Sheoutstandingwriter,whohasdeeprelationThewriterwillexplainitfollowingpoints.nationalmakesnaturalacceptEuroAmericaCenter,Canadahadbeenreducedmarginalizedlongtime,asex-colonyBritishweakneighborUnitedrisingnationalismCanada,Canadianseagergetridseekidentity,callingharmoniousCO—existence,whichcoincidesstrongthe“marginality”offemalesnaturallyacceptstostatuscontractcontextconcernaareorcasesOccuroneonasusesansenseconcerns9novelsAtwoodlife,Atwoodofexperimentalskillsinthecreationworks.Thispromotingpostmodernism.Therefore,AtwoodobviouspostmodernSecondly,the11havetheirownseparatecharacteristics.Inallherhasbeenpursuitliterarycoincideswithfeatureinnovationandbreakingoldstandardtendencywriting.to10PostmodernThemesChapter3inTheBlindAssassinnotion--logocentrismDerrida--the2000:24).BinaryWang1992:353)This1991:156)Hutcheon(2009:42)rejectsmajor3.1Deconstructionofbinaryoppositionsterms”.(Baldickseen.”(quotedXianlin&Wangauthorities.’’(Smythopposition,namely,male/femalereality/imagination.Besi
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