英语进修之新西方四级词汇笔记大年夜全[宝典]

英语进修之新西方四级词汇笔记大年夜全[宝典] 新东方四级词汇笔记 第1课 如果想达到85分以上，词汇应该错6个以内。 Jump or the sun, t lest you lnd on the moon. 目标定的高一点有好处。 4200单词要求对于4级考试，高三毕业是1800个单词。 我喜欢这里: I like here. Right: I like it here. I cn succeed. Right: I cn do it. I cn mke it. 注意生活中的英语: Nike胜利女神。 Just do it. 生活中的英语: Did you hve plesnt journey? (这时要用降调) I m very much rightened becuse girl nmed Monik stnds beside me. Oh, thnk god! He’s not the president now. (我很害怕) I ws just screwed up. (我一团糟) 四级考试中常见的考察词汇的题型: I 押韵题型(押头韵、押尾韵); 答案总在相似中，如果有三个一样，基本上就在其中了。 54. The rin ws hevy nd __ the lnd ws looded. consequently B continuously C constntly D consistently continue v. 继续，连续; continully dv. 时断时续地; continuously dv. 连续不断地。 说不停的咳嗽时，continully是间歇的时断时续的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。 consequently dv. 因此，所以;(hevy rin大雨, light rin小雨) constntly dv. 始终如一地，连续发生地;constnt temperture 恒温 consistently dv. 一贯地，一致地; consistent dj. consistent policy 一贯的政策。 36. I hte people who _C_ the end o ilm tht you hven't seen beore. revise B rewrite C revel D reverse rewrite v. 重写，改写; revise vt. 修改，修正; revel vt. 揭示，揭露; reverse vt. 颠倒，使反转，使反向。(vers是词根， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示转动;re是前缀，表示向相反方向) 42. There were no tickets _D_ or ridy’s perormnce. preerble B considerble C possible D vilble perormnce n. 表演，演出，演奏; perorm vt. possible dj. 可能的 动词后加ble构成形容词通常表示“可„的” red -> redble ccept -> cceptble consider vt. 考虑; considerble dj. (数量或尺寸)相当大(或多)的。 preerble dj. 更好的，更可取的; vilble* dj. 可获得的，可利用的，可支配的。(重点词) 33. In generl, the mount tht student spends or housing should be held to one-ith o the totl _D_ or living expenses. cceptble B pplicble C dvisble D vilble living expenses 生活费; cceptble dj. 可接受的; pply vt. 申请，应用; pplicble dj. 可应用的，适当的，合适的; dvise vt. 建议; dvice n. 建议; dvisble dj. 明智的，可取的。 54. It is our __ policy tht we will chieve unity through peceul mens. consistent B continuous C considerte D continul chieve unity through peceul mens 通过和平手段取得统一; consistent policy 一贯政策 II 构词法题型(词的转化，合成，派生); 构成符合形容词的名词和数量词一律用单数。(见下面2个例题) 31. Despite the wonderul cting nd well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our ttention. three-hours B three-hour C three-hours’ D three-hour’s 267. Proessor White wrote _C_ report yesterdy. two-thousnd-words B two-thousnds-word C two-thousnd-word D two-thousnds-words 以ly结尾的不全是副词; riendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively dj. 考试中常见的否定前缀: un-、dis-、in-、im- 56. _B_ his sister, Jck is quiet nd does not esily mke riends with others. Dislike B Unlike C like D Liking like vt. 喜欢; dislike vt. 不喜欢，厌恶; unlike prep. 不象„; like dj. & dv. 同样的(地)，相象的(地); liking n. 爱好，嗜好; tke liking or喜欢„，对„产生好感。 III 近义词含义比较; 44. There were some __ lowers on the tble. rtiicil B unnturl C lse D unrel unrel dj. 不真实的(不是真实世界所拥有的，虚幻的); Ends justiy mens 不择手段; lse dj. 具有欺骗性的，假的，伪造的; lse coin/pssport/hir， lse tooth/lse teeth unnturl dj. 不自然的，经常用来修饰人的行为举止，表示做作的，矫揉造作的。 rtiicil dj. 人造人为的 rtiicil leg 假肢rtiicil lether 人造皮 genuine lether 真皮 54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is oten worse thn lck o wges. lziness B poverty C idleness D inbility lziness n. 懒惰; poverty n. 贫穷; poor dj. 贫穷的; idleness n. 无事可做(中性，有时也有贬义含义); inbility n. 没有能力，没有办法。 69. lot o nts re lwys invding my kitchen. They re thorough __. nuisnce B trouble C worry D nxiety invde 进攻，侵略; nuisnce n. (具体的)令人讨厌的东西; trouble n. 烦恼，麻烦，问题; worry n. 担心，发愁; nxiety n. 焦虑。 Wht nuisnce. 真是烦。 IV 搭配关系问题; extent n. 程度; to... extent 到达„程度，在„程度之上; extent 只能和to搭配。 object vi. 反对; object + to + 动名词(动词的ing形式)。 objection n. 反对; objection + to + 动名词(动词的ing形式)。 V 形相近，意相远; 65. In Britin, the best seson o the yer is probbly __ spring. lte B lst C ltter D lter lte dj. 晚的，晚于通常时间的; lte spring 晚春、暮春; lst dj. 最后的，最终的; lter dj. 更晚的(lte的比较级)、时间概念后一半的;只适用于表示某个世纪的后半期; The lter twentieth century. 二十世纪的后一半。 ltter dj. (两者中)后者的; ormer dj. (两者中)前者的; 59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundys since they expect to pick up wonderul _B_ in the mrket. btteries B brgins C bskets D brrels bttery n. 电池; brgin n. 特价商品; It’s relly brgin. 你真会买东西，不是说真便宜。 bsket n. 篮子; brrel n. 桶; wonderul brgin 物美价廉的商品;brgin v. 讨价还价; 53. Remember tht customers don’t _D_ bout prices in tht city. debte B consult C dispute D brgin -------------------------XXXX-XX------------------------- 41. The bridge ws nmed __ the hero who gve his lie or the cuse o the people. ter B with C by D rom cuse 事业; be nmed ter 以„的名字命名; 42. There were no tickets _D_ or ridy’s perormnce. preerble B considerble C possible D vilble preerble dj. 更好的，更可取的; 358. _C_ the Revolutionry Wr, the United Sttes ws n English colony. Inerior to B Superior to C Prior to D Preerble to 具有比较意味的形容词只要与介词to搭配即可表示其比较级。 super- 表示在„上方，超过„ inerior dj. 低于„的，劣于„的; superior dj. 高于„的，优于„的; prior dj. 在„之前的 Revolutionry Wr 特指美国独立战争;second dj. 第二的(含有比较意味，也与to搭配) He is second to none. 首屈一指，无与伦比; 30. Cncer is second only _B_ hert disese s cuse o deth. o B to C with D rom 43. It wsn't such good dinner _C_ she hd promised us. tht B which C s D wht such „ tht „ 如此„ 以至于„ ; sb + be + ___ + sth 空格处应为能加双宾语的动词; 加双宾语的动词的用法:动词 + sb + sth(主动形式); sb + be + pp + sth(被动形式); 59. mericn women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 ter mny yers o hrd struggle. [the right to vote 选举权] ignored B neglected C reused D denied deny v. 否认，拒绝;deny sb sth 拒绝给予某人某物; 44. They decided to chse the cow wy _C_ it did more dmge. unless B until C beore D lthough 45. _B_ student with little common sense should be ble to nswer the question. Ech B ny C Either D One common sense 常识; ech 这个词在英语中强调的是个体与众不同的特点; ny 这个词强调的是很多东西在一起的共性; either 两者之间任何一个; 31. The medicine is on sle everywhere. You cn get it t _C_ chemist’s. ech B some C ny D certin 46. ll _D_ is continuous supply o the bsic necessities o lie. wht is needed B or our needs C the thing needed D tht is needed 当ll作定语从句的先行词时，从句只能用tht来引导; ll tht = wht 47. __ with the size o the whole erth, the highest mountin does not seem high t ll. When compred B Compre C While compring D Compring 本题的关键是弄清compre与mountin的关系; when 可以直接加过去分词; beore(ter) + being + 过去分词; 44. ter __ or the job, you will be required to tke lnguge test. being interviewed B interviewed C interviewing D hving interviewed They lose their helth to mke money, nd they lose their money to restore helth. 48. _C_ she irst herd o the mn reerred to s specilist. [专家] Tht ws rom Stephen B It ws Stephen whom C It ws rom Stephen tht D It ws Stephen tht 本题重点是强调句式; 当被强调部分指人且在句子中作宾语时，其余部分可用whom引导; 49. I these shoes re too big, sk the clerk to bring you smller _D_. suit B set C one D pir 50. Mny new __ will be opened up in the uture or those with university eduction. opportunities B necessities C relities D probbilities 51. He must hve hd n ccident, or he __ then. would hve been here B hd to be here C should be here D would be here must hve + 过去分词 表示对过去行为的肯定推测; 与过去事态相反用:情态动词 + hve + 过去分词 来体现虚拟语气; must 一定，必须; needn't, don't hve to 不必; 53. You __ ll those clcultions! We hve computer to do tht sort o thing. needn’t hve done B must not hve done C shouldn’t hve done D cn not hve done should hve + 过去分词 本应该，本应当; shouldn't hve done本不应该，本不应当; 44. It ws very kind o you to do the wshing-up, but you _D_ it. mustn’t hve done B wouldn’t hve done C mightn’t hve done D didn’t hve to do 52. It ws essentil tht the pplictions orms _C_ bck beore the dedline. must be sent B would be sent C be sent D were sent It be essentil tht 后面一定用虚拟语气，且句子谓语动词固定为(should) + 动词原型; It ws essentil tht the pplictions orms send bck beore the dedline. 53. We _D_ our brekst when n old mn cme to the door. just hve hd B hve just hd C just hd D hd just hd when 还可以表示?刚..就„ (有动作先后关系)、?恰在此时; 44. I hd just strted bck or the house to chnge my clothes _D_ I herd voices. s B while C ter D when 45. I elt somewht disppointed nd ws bout to leve, _C_ something occurred which ttrcted my ttention. unless B until C when D while 64. It ws essentil tht these ppliction orms _D_ bck s erly s possible. must be sent B will be sent C re sent D be sent 第2课 非谓语动词与独立主格:短语，句子(或者句子，短语) 1.当短语部分有独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。(它最明显的特点是短语部分有独立的主语)。 独立主格的结构1:名词(代词)+ 分词 [现在分词、过去分词] 现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为;过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。 作题时要通过判断动作与名词(代词)之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当动作由名词(代词)发出时使用现在分词，而名词(代词)是受动者时则用过去分词。 54. Silver is the best conductor o electricity, copper _B_ it closely. ollowed B ollowing C to ollow D being ollowed 49. ll things __, the plnned trip will hve to be clled o. considered B be considered C considering D hving considered cll o 取消; cncel vt. 取消; 四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。 独立主格的结构2:with + 名词(代词)+ 分词 [句子当中作状语] 36. ter the rb sttes won independence, gret emphsis ws lid on expnding eduction, with girls s well s boys _C_ to go to school. to be encourged B been encourged C being encourged D be encourged s well s 和(相当于nd); be encourged不会考。 动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义。to be encourged 将要被鼓励; been encourged 已经被鼓励完了，与主句的谓语动词相对;being encourged 正在被鼓励 2.短语部分没有独立主语，则短语结构称为非谓语动词。 非谓语动词的结构:分词(分词短语) 句子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则使用现在分词;如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。 43.No mtter how requently __, the works o Beethoven lwys ttrct lrge udiences. perormed B perorming C to be perormed D being perormed perorm vt. 表演，演出，演奏; to be perormed 将要被演奏; being perormed 正在被演奏; 一些特殊的动词: 第一点:orget 忘记; [反义] remember 记得; 这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为;这两个词后加动词ing形式表示已经做过的事情。 注意:动名词与现在分词形式一样，但含义不同。这两个词后加动词ing形式都是动名词。 orget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事; orget doing sth. 忘记做过某事; remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事; remember doing sth. 记得做过某事; 62. I remember _B_ to help us i we ever got into trouble. once oering B him once oering C him to oer D to oer him oer vt. 提出，提供; oer sb. sth. / oer to do sth. him once oering 如果改成 his once oering 也正确。 动名词的复合结构:凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词的复合结构。 动作发出者 + 动名词;当动作发出者名字给出时:名词所有格 + 动名词;当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时:形容词物主代词(宾格)+ 动名词。 形容词物主代词:his, her, my, your, their, our。代词宾格:him, her, me, you, us, them。 第二点:wnt 想要; wnt to do sth. 想做某事; wnt doing 客观需要或缺乏。 48. Your hir wnts _B_. You'd better hve it done tomorrow. cut B cutting C to cut D being cut 注意:wnt doing 中doing表示的是被动含义。 18. This room is so dirty tht it wnts __. clening B to clen C being clened D clened 第三点:men 意味; men to do sth. 打算做某事，意欲„ ;men doing 意味着，„的意思 是„ 25. There's mn t the reception desk who seems very ngry nd I think he mens _B_ trouble. [reception desk 接待台] mking B to mke C to hve mde D hving mde -------------------------XXXX-XX------------------------- 55. The children went there to wtch the iron tower _D_. to erect B be erected C erecting D being erected wtch 看电视用，看比赛用; see 看电影用; 感官动词wtch, see, her; 感官动词 + 名词(代词)+ do be erected 强调的是动作的结果; being erected 强调的是动作的过程。 56. The engine _D_ smoke nd stem. gives up B gives in C gives wy D gives o give up 放弃; give in 屈服，让步; give o 释放，放出(烟和气体); give wy 泄露，走漏风声;婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给新郎的过程;赠送礼品。 57. The mnger promised to keep me _C_ o how our business ws going on. to be inormed B on inorming C inormed D inorming keep sb. + 分词; inorm v. 通知，告知; inorm sb. o sth. 通知某人某件事情 keep me inormed 使我被告知。 60. The gols _B_ he hd ought ll his lie no longer seemed importnt to him. ter which B or which C with which D t which ight with sb. (注意要看整个句子); ight with + 工具 用该工具来打仗。 ight or 为„而战。 I ight with him. 我和他打起来了。 I ight with him ginst her. 我和他并肩对付她。 61. I should like to rent house, modern, comortble nd _B_ in quiet neighborhood. ll in ll B bove ll C ter ll D over ll ll in ll 总而言之;bove ll 首先，尤其是;ter ll 毕竟，终究;overll 全面的，总体的 in word 总之，in short 简而言之，in conclusion 最后，总之，to sum up总之，总而言之。 62. _B_ we hve inished the course, we shll strt doing more revision work. or now B Now tht C Ever since D By now now tht 既然，由于(相当于since); ever since 自从„以来。 与tht搭配且后面可以加句子的几个表达形式: now tht 既然，由于; in tht 因为; except tht 除„之外。 except后面加名词或代词;except tht后面加句子。 63. Wht you hve done is _D_ the doctor’s orders. ttched to B responsible to C resistnt to D contrry to be ttched to 连接，附属; This school is ttched to Beid. 这所学校附属于北大。 responsible to 对„负有责任; resistnt dj. 反抗的，抵抗的; wter resistnt 防水的。 be contrry to 与..相反(相违背)。 64. John regretted __ to the meeting lst week. not going B not to go C not hving been going D not to be going regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do sth. 遗憾的做某事(应用语境非常有限)。 63. We regret to inorm you tht the mterils you ordered re _B_. out o work B out o stock C out o rech D out o prctice out o work 失业; out o rech 够不着 within rech 够得着; out o prctice 缺乏练习。 65. They _C_ in spite o the extremely diicult conditions. crried out B crried o C crried on D crried orwrd in spite o 尽管; crry on 坚持，继续。 66. Mrs. Brown is supposed __ or Itly lst week. to hve let B to be leving C to leve D to hve been let be supposed to do sth. 应该(理应)做某事。 37. He’s wtching TV? He’s _D_ to be clening his room. known B considered C regrded D supposed regrd s 把„认作 67. My cmer cn be _B_ to tke pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions. treted B djusted C dopted D remedied tret 对待，处理; I’ll tret you. 我请客，应用于真正请客之前。It’s on me. 应用于结帐时。 djust vt. 调整，调节; dopt vt. 收养，领养; remedy vt. 弥补，补救，修正; 68. new technique _C_, the yields s whole incresed by 20 percent. working out B hving worked out C hving been worked out D to hve been worded out yields 产量; work out 作出，推出 关于百分数之前介词的用法 increse to 80 percent 增加到80% (增加到用to) increse by 60 percent增加了60% (表示增加的幅度用by) 55. Between 1974 nd 1997, the number o overses visitors expnded __ 27%. by B or C to D in 69. Children who re over-protected by their prents my become _C_. hurt B dmged C spoiled D hrmed spoil vt. 宠坏，溺爱 70. When Mr. Jones gets old, he will _B_ over his business to his son. tke B hnd C think D get tke over 接管接收; hnd over 移交，交出; think over 仔细考虑; get over 克服，战胜。 -------------------------1991-06------------------------- 41. We hd prty lst month, nd it ws lot o un, so let’s hve __ one this month. nother B more C the other D other 不定代词:1 两者中的一个用one;另一个则用the other; 2 很多东西中的一个用one; 剩下的所有叫the others; 3 很多东西中的一个用one;剩下的所有里面再拿一个叫nother; 在剩下的里面再拿一个还叫nother(单数概念); 4 很多东西中拿了若干出来用some; 剩下所有叫others; other 后通常要加可数名词的复数形式; more 要用在数词的后面 once more 再来一个(用于很不正式的场合) vrvo 再来一个(用于正式场合) 44. No greement ws reched in the discussion s neither side would give wy to __. the other B ny other C nother D other neither 两者中任意一者都不 42. It ws diicult to guess wht her _B_ to the news would be. impression B rection C comment D opinion rection n. 反应; rection to 对„作出反应。 43. I decided to go to the librry s soon s I _D_. inish wht I did B inished wht I did C would inish wht I ws doing D inished wht I ws doing s soon s所引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态搭配有一种情况是主从句都用一般过去时。 45. We re interested in the wether becuse it _B_ us so directly wht we wer, wht we do, nd even how we eel. beneits B ects C guides D eects ect vt. 影响; eect n. 影响。 46. Will ll those _D_ the proposl rise their hnds? in reltion to B in contrst to C in excess o D in vor o in reltion to 与„相比; in contrst to 与„形成对照; in excess o 超过，超出(一定的限定范围); in vor o 赞同，支持。 47. Children re very curious _D_. t hert B in person C on purpose D by nture t hert 在心理，在内心; hert 强调的是内心的感情，mind 强调的是思维，头脑，soul 灵魂 in person 亲自，本人; on purpose 有意的，故意的; by nture 生性(天性)使然。 48. The mtch ws cncelled becuse most o the members __ mtch without stndrd court. objected to hving B were objected to hve C objected to hve D were objected to hving 58. The mn in the corner conessed to _B_ lie to the mnger o the compny. hve told B hving told C being told D be told coness v. 忏悔; coness to 承认，坦白。 49. The techer doesn’t permit _C_ in clss. smoke B to smoke C smoking D to hve smoke permit v. 允许，准许; permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事; permit doing 允许做某事。 -------------------------2000-06------------------------- 21. s we cn no longer wit or the delivery o our order, we hve to _D_ it. postpone B reuse C dely D cncel 22. These books, which you cn get t ny bookshop, will give you __ you need. ll the inormtion B ll the inormtions C ll o inormtion D ll o the inormtions 23. Not until the gme hd begun _C_ t the sports ground. hd he rrived B would he hve rrived C did he rrive D should he hve rrived 24. Young people re not _B_ to stnd nd look t works o rt; they wnt rt they cn prticipte in. [参与，参加] conservtive B content C conident D generous conservtive dj. 保守的; conservtive prty 保守党; content dj. 甘愿的，满足的; conident dj. 自信的，有信心的; generous dj. 慷慨的，大方的。 25. Most brodcsters mintin tht TV hs been unirly criticized nd rgue tht the power o the medium is _C_. grnted B implied C exggerted D remedied mintin 坚持认为; medium n. 媒体单数，medi n. 媒体复数; grnt vt. 授予，给予; imply vt. 隐含，暗示; exggerte v. 夸大，夸张，高估; remedy vt. 弥补，补救，修正。 26. These surveys indicte tht mny crimes go __ by the police, minly becuse not ll victims report them. [victims 受害人] unrecorded B to be unrecorded C unrecording D to hve been unrecorded 27. I hve no objection _B_ your story gin. [object to + 动名词] to her B to hering C to hving herd D to hve herd 28. The clothes person wers my express his _B_ or socil position. curiosity B sttus C determintion D signiicnce sttus n. 身份，地位; signiicnce n. 意义，重要性; 29. By lw, when one mkes lrge purchse, he should hve _D_ opportunity to chnge his mind. ccurte B urgent C excessive D dequte ccurte dj. 精确的; urgent dj. 紧急的，紧迫的; excessive dj. 过多的，过度的; dequte dj. 充足的，足够的。 30. You will see this product _B_ wherever you go. to be dvertised B dvertised C dvertise D dvertising 31. The erly pioneers hd to _C_ mny hrdships to settle on the new lnd. go long with B go bck on C go through D go into go through 经历 32. The suggestion tht the mjor _B_ the prizes ws ccepted by everyone. would present B present C presents D ought to present suggestion, suggest 所引导的句子都用虚拟语气。 should + (动词原形) 34. Peter, who hd been driving ll dy, suggested _B_ t the next town. to stop B stopping C stop D hving stopped suggest + doing也可以 33. Beer is the most populr drink mong mle drinkers, __ overll consumption is signiicntly higher thn tht o women. whose B which C tht D wht whose指代的就是他前面的mle drinkers. 35. I didn't know the word. I hd to _C_ dictionry. look out B mke out C reer to D go over look up 查阅; look up word in dictionry 在字典中查单词; reerence n. 参考 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 目; reerence room 资料室; 36. The proessor could hrdly ind suicient grounds _D_ his rguments in vour o the new theory. [suicient 充足的，足够的;grounds 论据;rguments 论点] to be bsed on B to bse on C which to bse on D on which to bse bse vt. 以„作基础，基于„ which引导从句时，如果从句是介词结尾则介词应在which之前。 on which (he is) to bse 37. There re signs __ resturnts re becoming more populr with milies. tht B which C in which D whose sign n. 迹象; ct n. 事实; evidence n. 证据;后面常加同位语从句来说明具体内容。 同位语从句用tht(不能省略)引导。 38. I think I ws t school, __ I ws stying with riend during the vction when I herd the news. [or else 否则，要不然] or else B nd then C or so D even so 39. It is sid tht the mth techer seems __ towrds bright students. prtil B beneicil C preerble D lible prtil dj. 偏袒的，偏爱的(经常与to或towrds搭配) 40. In order to show his boss wht creul worker he ws, he took _C_ trouble over the igures. [igures 数目，数据;extr 额外的，附加的] extensive B spre C extr D supreme 41. - "My I spek to your mnger Mr. Willims t ive o'clock tonight?" - "I'm sorry. Mr. Willims __ to conerence long beore then." will hve gone B hd gone C would hve gone D hs gone 当要表达将来的行为在将来的某时间之前完成用将来完成时，将来完成时结构:will hve + p.p. 42. You _D_ him so closely; you should hve kept your distnce. shouldn't ollow B mustn't ollow C couldn't' hve been ollowing D shouldn't hve been ollowing should hve + p.p. 本应该; shouldn’t hve + p.p. 本不应该 43. The growth o prt-time nd lexible working ptterns, nd o trining nd retrining schemes, _D_ more women to tke dvntge o employment opportunities. hve llowed B llow C llowing D llows prt-time 兼职; ull-time 全职; lexible working ptterns 弹性工作制; trining 培训; retrining 再培训; tke dvntge 利用; 44. Everybody __ in the hll where they were welcomed by the secretry. ssembled B ccumulted C piled D joined ssembled 聚集; secretry 书记。 45. Putting in new window will _B_ cutting wy prt o the roo. include B involve C contin D comprise involve 引起，与„直接有关 46. Living in the western prt o the country hs its problems, _C_ obtining resh wter is not the lest. [the lest 最高级] with which B or which C o which D which 42. Living in the centrl ustrlin desert hs its problems, _C_ obtining wter is not the lest. [the lest 最高级] or which B to which C o which D in which 47. In the _C_ o the project not being success, the investors stnd to lose up to $30 million. [in the event o 万一，如果] ce B time C event D course in the ce o 面对; in the time o 在„时期; in the course o 在„期间。 48. The mnger would rther his dughter _D_ in the sme oice. hd not worked B not to work C does not work D did not work would rther + 动词原形; would rther + 句子(用虚拟语气，句子谓语动词用一般过去时) 49. _D_, he does get nnoyed with her sometimes. lthough much he likes her B Much lthough he likes her C s he likes her much D Much s he likes her 如果用lthough引导则应改成:lthough he likes her very much, „ 50. The British constitution is _B_ lrge extent product o the historicl events described bove. [无论是在空格前还是后，如果出现了名词extent要找介词就着to] within B to C by D t to lrge extent 在很大程度上。 第3课 倒装:倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。 谓语部分所有单词都放在主语前是全部倒装。谓语的一部分放在主语的前面是部分倒装。 谓语中的一部分通常是指:1、系动词;2、助动词;3、情态动词。 全部倒装的五条原则: 1. There be句型(表示有); 2. 以There或now开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为come或go; There you go gin. 你又去那里了。 3. 以Here开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为系动词be; Here you re. 拿去。 4. 以副词out, in, up, down, wy开头的句子; 在2、3、4前提下，如果句子的主语是代词则用陈述句语序。 5. 以状语(常见的是地点状语)开头的句子。 部分倒装的六条原则: 1. so放在句首时表示承前肯定，这个句子用部分倒装; nor, neither放在句首时表示承前否定，句子也用部分倒装; 2. 省略了引导词i 的虚拟条件从句，可以把从句中的hd, should, could, were中的任何一个提到从句最前面的位置，构成部分倒装; 3. s, though表示“尽管”时引导从句，从句中的表语可以置于引导词之前构成部分倒装; 系动词后面的部分就是表语，形容词、名词、名词性短语可以置于系动词之后。 例如:She is beutiul. They re students. 四级考试中出现的是由动词的过去分词转变的形容词作表语的形式。 26. _B_ s it ws t such time, his work ttrcted much ttention. Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published 当题干是s引导一个从句，且s前为一个空格时他表示的就是尽管，空格处要填的就是表语。 being published 正在被出版; to be published 将要被出版。 此句恢复正常语序应为: s it ws published t such time „ 4. 表示否定含义的单词或短语放在句首，句子用部分倒装; 常见的一些表示否定含义的单词:never, little, ew, hrdly („ when), scrcely („ when) ; seldom 难得，不常;nowhere 哪里都不。 常见的一些表示否定含义的短语:in no wy 决不; on no ccount 决不; under no circumstnces 在任何情况下都不。 5. only + 状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装;(如果only去掉就是全部倒装) 43. Only under specil circumstnces _C_ to tke mke-up tests. permitted re reshmen B reshmen re permitted C re reshmen permitted D re permitted reshmen reshmen 新生; mke up or 弥补，补偿; mke-up tests 补考(缓考)。 6. 注意两个表达形式:come wht my 无论发生什么情况; sy wht you will 畅所欲言。 -------------------------1991-06------------------------- 强调句式的补充内容:被强调部分是疑问词时的情况。 60. When I try to understnd _C_ tht prevents so mny mericns rom being s hppy s one might expect, it seems to me tht there re two cuses. why it does B wht it does C wht it is D why it is prevent sb. rom doing sth. 妨碍(阻止)某人做某事。 强调部分本为: it is wht tht prevents so mny „ 又因为句中有疑问词，应写为: wht is it tht prevents so ... 但强调句式在句中作宾语成分，故正确写法为: wht it is tht „ 50. I like wtching TV _C_ to the cinem. more thn to go B thn going C more thn going D rther thn to go thn 除构成固定短语外就要与比较级搭配，不会单独出现; rther thn + 动词原形; 平行结构，遇到平行结构时应做的两步: 1 找出连接词，2 使要填部分与已给出的对应部分形式完全一样。 51. I pprecite _D_ to your home. to be invited B to hve invited C hving invited D being invited pprecite + 动名词(不能加动词原形，不能加句子)。 41. I would pprecite _B_ it secret. you to keep B your keeping C tht you keep D tht you will keep your keeping 动名词的复合结构。 you keeping 也是正确的。 52. I hope my techer will tke my recent illness into _C_ when judging my exmintion. regrd B counting C ccount D observtion tke sth. into ccount 考虑。 54. Importnt people don’t oten hve much ree time s their work _C_ ll their time. tke wy B tke over C tke up [占据] D tke in 55. When I ws very young, I ws terribly rightened o school, but I soon ___ it. got o B got cross C got wy D got over got over it 克服战胜。 56. Mny people complin o the rpid _C_ o modern lie. rte B speed C pce D growth pce 节奏; rpid pce o modern lie现在生活快节奏。 57. Sn rncisco is usully cool in the summer, but Los ngeles _B_. is rrely B rrely is C hrdly is D is scrcely rrely, usully 都是频度副词。通常频度副词的位置在系动词之后，表示实在意思的词前面。 58. The speker, _D_ or her splendid speeches, ws wrmly received by the udience. hving known B being known C knowing D known know 没有现在分词;know 用主动形式时只能和两个介词搭配:o, bout。 known or 以„而著名。 60. I couldn’t ind __, nd so I took this one. lrge enough cot B n enough lrge cot C lrge cot enough D cot enough lrge enough 修饰形容词时要放到形容词后面。 61. I lwys _B_ wht I hve sid. get to B hold to C led to D see to 本题所有选项中的to都是介词，其后加动词动名词的形式。 hold to 坚守，信守; see to 负责做，处理，照料(后面加的都是某件事情，不加人) 62. No sooner hd we reched the top o the hill _C_ we ll st down to rest. when B then C thn D until no sooner „ thn 一„就„ 63. Evidence cme up _C_ speciic speech sounds re recognized by bbies s young s 6 months old. wht B which C tht D whose evidence 证据、sign 迹象、ct 事实，后面都要带同位语从句，且从句用tht引导。 64. He moved wy rom his prents, nd missed them __ enjoy the exciting lie in New York. [too „ to，太„而不能„] too much to B enough to C very much to D much so s to 65. He ws _C_ o hving sked such silly question. sorry B guilty C shmed D miserble guilty dj. 有罪的; be shmed o 因„而羞愧(不好意思)的; miserble dj. 悲惨的。 66. The lst time we hd mily reunion ws _B_ my brother's wedding ceremony our yers go. in B t C during D over ceremony n. 典礼，仪式。要表达在某典礼(仪式)上用介词t。 t the grdution ceremony 在毕业典礼上。 67. Wht __ would hppen i the director knew you elt tht wy? do you suppose B you suppose C will you suppose D you would suppose do you supposed 常做插入语。 68. _D_ the dvnces o science, the discomorts o old ge will no doubt lwys be with us. [despite prep. 尽管; s or 关于，至于] s or B Besides C Except D Despite 69. How close prents re to their children _B_ strong inluence on the chrcter o the children. hve B hs C hving D to hve inluence on 对„造成影响，很大的影响中形容词用的是strong。 70. He __ when the bus cme to sudden stop. ws lmost hurt B ws hurt himsel C ws to hurt himsel D ws hurting himsel hurt onesel 自残; be to + 动词原形，将要做某事; -------------------------1993-06------------------------- 41. Jen did not hve time to go to the concert lst night becuse she ws busy _C_ or her exmintion. to prepre B to be prepred C prepring D being prepred be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 42. ive minutes erlier, __ we could hve cught the lst trin. nd B but C or D n order nd 在这里表示一种结果，翻译成“那么(和)”。只有两种情况下nd才会这样翻译: 1. 省略句 ， nd + 句子; 2. 祈使句 ， nd + 句子。 47. Turn on the television or open mgzine nd you _B_ dvertisements showing hppy blnced milies. re oten seeing B will oten see C oten see D hve oten seen 43. I cnnot give you _D_ or the type o cr you sell becuse there is no demnd or it in the mrket. n expense B chrge C purchse D n order order n. 定购，订单; purchse n. 购买。 45. By the end o this month, we surely _C_ stisctory solution to the problem. hve ound B will be inding C will hve ound D re inding 如果一个句子的时间状语是由by引导的，则时态要选择完成时态。 将来的行为在将来的某个时间之前就已完成用将来完成时。 solution to problem 一个问题的解决 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 。 46. Mr. Wilson sid tht he did not wnt to __ ny urther responsibilities. tke on B get on C put up D look up tke on 承担; tke on responsibility 承担责任。 47. Hving no money but _B_ to know, he simply sid he would go without dinner. not to wnt nyone B not wnting nyone C wnted no one D to wnt no one dinner n. 正餐(多指晚餐); supper n. 夜宵，晚餐; brekst n. 早餐; lunch n. 午餐; brunch n. 早午餐。[but前后的句子要平衡] 48. We desire tht the tour leder __ us immeditely o ny chnge in plns. inorm B inorms C inormed D hs inormed desire v. 要求，表要求时后面加句子要用虚拟语气， (should) + 动词原形。 其他同样用法的词还有sk, demnd, request, require. 49. Not _B_, the process o choosing nmes vries widely rom culture to culture. obviously B surprisingly C prticulrly D normlly not surprisingly 一点也不奇怪。 vry vi. 变化。 vry rom „ to „ 从一种形式变化到另一种形式。vry between „ nd „ 在两者之间进行变 化。 29. etures such s height, weight, nd skin color _B_ rom individul to individul nd rom ce to ce. chnge B vry C lter D convert individul n. 个人，个体; individulism n. 个人主义。 44. The hope, gols, ers nd desires _D_ widely between men nd women, between the rich nd the poor. lter B shit C trnser D vry 50. mn escped rom the prison lst night. It ws long time __ the gurds discovered wht hd hppened. beore B until C since D when It + 系动词 + 一段时间 + beore引导的句子 在„之前花费多少时间。 54. Scientists sy it my be ive or ten yers _D_ it is possible to test this medicine on humn ptients. since B when C ter D beore 51. In the experiment we kept wtchul eye _D_ the developments nd recorded every detil. [keep wtchul eye on 密切主意，留神] in B t C or D on 52. There's little chnce tht mnkind would _D_ nucler wr. retin B endure C mintin D survive retin vt. 保持，保留; endure v. 忍受; mintin vt. 维持，保持，坚持认为; survive vi. 生存; vt. 活过 „ (宾语为某种灾难)。 survive lood 活过一场洪水。 前缀sur表示过 „ ，外，超; vive 表示生活，强调活着。 54. They usully hve less money t the end o the month thn _C_ t the beginning. which is B which ws C they hve D it is less „ thn句子前后要平衡结构。 55. In the course o dy students do r more thn just __ clsses. ttend B ttended C to ttend D ttending r more thn 远远多于，远不止于;也要句子前后平衡结构。 56. The rench pinist [n. 钢琴师] who hd been prised very highly _C_ to be gret disppointment. turned up B turned in C turned out D turned down turn up 后面不加宾语表示出现，后面加宾语表示将声音调高，调大; turn in + 宾语 上缴，交出; turn down 将声音调低，调小;拒绝; reuse sb. 指直接的回绝; turn sb. down 则指委婉的拒绝; turn out + 动词不定式 最终证明是，结果是。 57. Mny diiculties hve _B_ s result o the chnge over to new type o uel. risen B risen C rised D rrived 因本句未加宾语，估不应选不及物动词，可排除C项; rrive vi. 到达，抵达; rise vi. 升起，升高(侧重指旗帜或太阳升起);数量的增高(侧重指水位、价位); the sun rises in the est nd sets in the west 太阳东升西落。 rise vi. 升起，升高，出现，发生(经常与抽象名词联用)。 69. completely new sitution will _B_ when the exmintion system comes into existence. rise B rise C rise D rouse 33. Lst yer the dvertising rte _D_ by 20 percent. rised B roused C rose D rose 58. He mde such _D_ contribution to the university tht they re nming one o the new buildings ter him. genuine B minimum C modest D generous nme ter 以„的名字来命名。genuine dj. 真正的，货真价实的; genuine lether 真皮; minimum dj. 最低的，最小的; modest dj. 谦虚谨慎的，适度的; generous dj. 慷慨的，慷慨大方的(修饰贡献等用这个)。 59. Helen ws much kinder to her youngest child thn she ws to the others, _D_, o course, mde the others jelous. who B tht C wht D which which在这里是引导非限定性定语从句，which引导非限定性定语从句有2个特点: 1. which前面有逗号与其他句子分开。 2. which指的是前面整句话的内容。 s也可以引导非限定性定语从句，指的都是一句话的内容。 which指一句话的内容只能置于该句之后，而s既可以在后也可以在前。 67. _C_ is known to the world, Mrk Twin is gret mericn writer. Tht B Which C s D It 60. In the dvnced course students must tke perormnce tests t monthly _B_. gps B intervls C length D distnce intervl n. 间隔(即可指空间间隔，也可指时间间隔)，四级考试中专考时间间隔的概念。 intervl是固定与介词t搭配的。 23. Students or techers cn prticipte in excursions to lovely beches round the islnd t regulr _D_. gps B rte C length D intervls t regulr rte 以规则的速度; t regulr intervl 以规则的时间间隔; 61. Mr. Johnson preerred __ hevier work to do. to be given B to be giving C to hve given D hving given 64. Our compny decided to _D_ the contrct becuse number o the conditions in it hd not been met. destroy B resist C ssume D cncel 65. She is _C_ musicin thn her brother. much o B much s C more o D more s be o 具有某种性质、品质或特点; 66. Hving been ound guilty, the mn ws given severe _B_ by the judge. service B sentence C crime D crisis sentence n. 判决，判刑; crisis n. 危机; economic crisis 经济危机; 68. The residents, _C_ hd been dmged by the lood, were given help by the Red Cross. ll their homes B ll whose homes C ll o whose homes D ll o their homes 当给出了句子的主语，且后面有两部分谓语动词，这两部分谓语动词之间又没有连接词， 时态也不同时，离主语近的谓语动词应为从句的组合成分。 69. You cn't ord to let the sitution get worse. You must tke _D_ to put it right. decisions B directions C sides D steps tke steps 采取措施，采取行动; tke mesures 采取措施; 70. Look t the terrible sitution I m in! I only I _B_ your dvice. ollow B hd ollowed C would ollow D hve ollowed i only 如果，要是...就好了，其后面的句子一定要用虚拟语气。 1. 如果i only后面的句子表示与现在或将来的事实相反，这时谓语动词用一般过去时体现虚拟语气。 2. 如果i only后面的句子表示与过去的事实相反，这时谓语动词用过去完成时体现虚拟语气。 47. I only the committee _D_ the regultions nd put them into eect s soon s possible pprove B will pprove C cn pprove D would pprove 如果i only后面的句子表示与现在或将来的事实相反，这时谓语动词用一般过去时， 也可以用would + 动词原形。 -------------------------1995-06------------------------- 42. Mrk oten ttempts to escpe _C_ whenever he breks tric regultions. hving been ined B to hve been ined C being ined B to be ined escpe + 动名词。 44. It is recommended tht the project __ until ll the preprtions hve been mde. not be strted B will not be strted C is not strted D is not to be strted recommend vt. 推荐，建议，后面加句子要用虚拟语气，谓语动词的形式:(should) + 动词原形 45. I wish I _D_ longer this morning, but I hd to get up nd come to clss. hve slept B slept C might hve slept D could hve slept wish 后面的句子要用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用:情态动词 + hve + 动词过去分词。 might经常被翻译成或许。 46. We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we _D_ him. hd telephoned B must hve telephoned C would telephone D would hve telephoned otherwise, or等表示“否则”的词，后面句子都要用虚拟语气。 48. While people my reer to television or up-to-minute news [最新的消息], it is unlikely tht television __ the newspper completely. will replce B hve replced C replce D replced 49. n Olympic Mrthon [马拉松] is 26 miles nd 385 yrds, pproximtely [大约] _B_ rom Mrthon to thens [雅典]. distnce B the distnce C is the distnce D the distnce is 50. You will wnt two trees bout ten eet prt, rom _D_ to suspend your tent. there B them C where D which 介词 + which + 动词不定式(to do sth.) 整体做定语。 本句可改写为:You will wnt two tress bout ten eet prt, to suspend your tent rom. 只要见到有介词出现在空格之前，而选项中有which, them, there, where等词则应选which。 51. s I ws just getting milir with this job, I hd _C_ to sk my boss. mny B most C much D more 当mny没有修饰任何其他词而单独出现时表示很多人。 much在这里相当于mny things。 52. __ quite recently, most mothers in Britin did not tke pid work outside the home. Until B Beore C rom D Since until recently 直到最近; not surprisingly 一点也不奇怪。 53. The survivl o civiliztion s we know it is _C_ thret. within B towrds C under D upon under thret 受到威胁。 55. In some countries, _D_ is clled "equlity" [平等] does not relly men equl rights or ll people. which B one C tht D wht tht可以引导主语从句，但只做引导词而不充当任何成分。 56. I wlked too much yesterdy nd __ re still ching now. my leg muscles B my muscles o leg C my leg's muscles D my muscles o the leg 英语中一个名词修饰另外一个名词时第一个名词要用单数。 pple trees, eye drops 57. Rdio, television nd press _B_ o conveying news nd inormtion. re the most three common mens B re the three most common mens C re the most common three mens D re three the most common mens 几个词修饰一个名词时修饰词的顺序应为:1. 定冠词the应该放在最前面(离名词最远)的 位置; 2. 数词应放在第二位;3. 最后考虑其他形容词。 58. Liquids re like solids _C_ they hve deinite volume. with tht B or tht C in tht D t tht 三个与tht的搭配的表达形式:now tht, in tht [因为], except tht。 59. When ire _C_ t the Ntionl Exhibition in London, t lest ten priceless pintings were completely destroyed. broke o B broke down C broke out D broke up brek out (火灾、战争)突然发生，爆发; 60. The destruction o these tresures ws loss or mnkind tht no mount o money could _D_. [mke up or 弥补] stnd up to B put up with C come up with D mke up or 61. Then the speker _B_ the vrious ctors leding to the present economic crisis. went ter B went into C went or D went on go ter 追求，设法得到; go into 谈论，叙述; go or 袭击/支持; go on 继续。 62. The students ws just bout to _C_ the questions, when suddenly he ound the nswer rrive t B submit to C give up D work out 63. When there re smll children round, it is necessry to put bottles o pills out o _B_. hnd B rech C hold D plce out o rech 够不着; within rech 够得找。 64. The _D_ o blood lwys mkes him eel sick. orm B look C view D sight orm n. 形式，形状; view n. 风景，景色/视野，视域; look 指的是主观有意识的看; sight n. 看见，瞥见(不强调主客观)。 66. ree medicl tretment in this country covers sickness o mind s well s _B_ sickness norml B ordinry C verge D regulr sickness o mind 精神病; norml dj. 正常的; verge dj. 平均的，中等水平的; regulr dj. 有规律的，规则的; ordinry sickness 一般性疾病。 68. lthough he hd looked through ll the reerence mteril on the subject, he still ound it hrd to understnd this point nd her explntion only _C_ to his conusion. extended B mounted C dded [dd to 增加] D turned 70. It took him severl months to ___ the wild horse. tend B cultivte C tme D breed tme vt. 驯服; breed 强调的是繁殖，侧重指大批量的繁殖。 It tke sb. sometime to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。 第4课 主谓一致:指的就是给出主语，要求判断谓语动词是用单数还是复数的问题。 一、就近原则: 指句子的主语由两部分单词或短语构成时，由离谓语动词近的那部分主语来决定谓语动词的单复数。 只有当以下单词或短语连接主句的两部分时就近原则才适用: 1. or 或者; 2. either „ or „ 不是„就是„ ，„或„ ; 3. neither „ nor „ 既不„也不„ ; 4. not only „ but lso „ 不但„而且„ ; 5. not „ but „ 不是„而是„ 例如:主语1 or 主语2 谓语动词。 此时由主语2决定谓语动词。 10. _C_ either he or his ccountnts going to clim or the loss? re B Where C Is D Does 如果题目改变为:Either he or his ccountnts ___ going „ 则应选 二、句子谓语动词一定用复数的两种情况: 1. 集合名词做主语，集合名词没有复数形式，因为他本身就代表一个复数概念。 常见的几个复合名词: people 人民，人们; police 警察; cttle 牛; poultry 家禽。 2. 表示数量的复数名词 + 不可数名词，整体做主语时 例如:去年出口了八百万顿煤。 Eight million tons o col were exported lst yer. 三、谓语动词一定用单数的六种情况: 1. 句子的主语是由从句充当的、动词不定式短语作主语、动名词短语作主语; 2. 表示时间、重量、长度、价值四方面的词做主语; 399. -- “How mny dys?” 0 -- “Did you sy tht ive dys _C_ required to complete tht work?” re B were C ws D is 3. 表示单数概念的主语，短语，谓语动词，此时谓语动词也用单数; 因为此结构中短语只是对主语提供附加说明情况，所以谓语动词也用单数。 当以下这些标志性的介词或介词短语出现在此结构中时可以不管中间的附加说明情况: with, together with, like, except, besides, in ddition to, rther thn, s well s 注意:表示复数概念的主语，短语，谓语动词，此时谓语动词应用复数。 4. ech, every, either, some, ny, no，由以上六个词中任何一个所构成的复合代词作主语时; some经常构成的三个复合代词:something, somebody, someone; no经常构成的三个复合代词:nothing, nobody, no one; either o + 短语; 5. 通常由nd连接两部分这种形式做主语谓语动词要用复数，但在以下两种情况下则应用单数; 1> nd连接的两部分指的是同一事物; 2> nd连接的两部分被no, ech, every中任何一个词修饰时; 例如:每位男士和女士都要着装得体。 be supposed to do sth. 理应，应该做某事。 Every mn nd every womn is supposed to dress properly. 11. Mny n irplne _B_ in the exhibition. re shown B hs been shown C hs shown D show them mny (n) 很多，相当于mny; mny (n) + 可数名词单数，做主语时谓语动词用单数。 6. mny (n) + 可数名词单数，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 9. Not only Jon but her sisters _B_ the combintion to the se which contins the list o the mily securities. hve known B know C knows D is knowing not only „ but lso „ 的一种变形形式，not only „ but „ 另一种变形形式not only „ but „ s well combintion n. 密码; combintion to the se 保险箱密码; securities有价证券。 -------------------------2000-01------------------------- 41. She ought to stop work; she hs hedche becuse she __ too long. hs been reding B hd red C is reding D red hd red 过去完成时要与一般过去时搭配。 hs been reding 现在完成进行时:指某行为从过去一点到现在一直在进行。 42. Nigr lls is gret tourist _B_, drwing millions o visitors every yer. ttention B ttrction C ppointment D rrngement tourist ttrction 旅游胜地; ttention n. 注意力; ppointment n. 委任的职位，约会; dte n. 日期，约会，枣;表示约会时指的是异性之间的私人约会。 rrngement n. 布置，安排 blind dte 两人第一次见面的约会。 ppointment 指公事性质的，比较正式的约会。 43. I don't mind _B_ the decision s long s it is not too lte. you to dely mking B your delying mking C your delying to mke D you dely to mke mind 后要加动名词; dely v. 耽搁，延误(后面也要加动名词) 45. Corn originted in the New World nd thus ws not known in Europe until Columbus ound it __ in Cub. being cultivted B been cultivted C hving cultivted D cultivting 46. The sle usully tkes plce outside the house, with the udience _C_ on benches, chirs or boxes. hving seted B seting C seted D hving been seted 注意:set是及物动词，及物动词用主动形式，后面要直接加宾语。 Be seted plese. 请坐。 英语中只有及物动词才有被动语态。 47. This kind o glsses mnuctured by experienced crtsmen _B_ comortbly. is worn B wers C wering D re worn 当wer表穿戴时，而句子的主语是被穿戴的东西时，wer是不及物动词，没有被动语态。 65. The coming o the rilwys in the 1830s __ our society nd economic lie. trnsormed B trnsported C trnserred D trnsmitted 字根trns在四级中着重考的含义是“从一个地方到另一个地方”。 trnsorm 改革，变革，改变; trnsport 运输; trnser 转移，移动; trnsmit 传送，播送;疾病的传染，传播; trnsplnt 移植。 48. Some diseses re _D_ by certin wter nimls. trnsplnted B trnsormed C trnsported D trnsmitted 49. Wouldn't you rther your child _B_ to bed erly? go B went C would go D goes would rther的两种用法:1 would rther + 动词原形; 2 would rther + 句子(句子谓语动词用一般过去时体现虚拟语气)。 50. lthough nne is hppy with her success she wonders _B_ will hppen to her privte lie. [wonder后面要加疑问词] tht B wht C it D this 51. The words o his old techer let _C_ impression on his mind. He is still inluenced by them. [lsting dj. 持久的，永久的; liberl dj. 开明的，心胸开阔的] long B lively C lsting D liberl 52. Mike's uncle insists _D_ in this hotel. stying not B not to sty C tht he would not sty D tht he not sty insist的两种用法:1 insist on „ 坚持，坚决要求; 2 insist + tht引导的从句(从句谓语动词为[should] + 动词原形) 53. We gree to ccept _D_ they thought ws the best tourist guide. whtever B whomever C whichever D whoever they thought是插入语，可以不看; tourist guide 导游。 56. lthough mny people view conlict s bd, conlict is sometimes useul _C_ it orces people to test reltive merits o their ttitudes nd behviors. by which B to which C in tht D so tht 句子的意思是:如果冲突以后能回家反省一下自己是好事情。 in tht 因为; conlict n. 冲突; reltive merits 相比较而言的优点; so tht 以至于。 57. He is __ bout his chnces o winning gold medl in the Olympics next yer. optimistic B optionl C outstnding D obvious optimistic dj. 乐观的; pessimistic dj. 悲观的; be optimistic bout 对„持乐观态度。 optionl dj. 随意的，任选的，非强制性的; optionl courses 选修课; outstnding dj. 卓越的，杰出的; obvious dj. 明显的。 58. Sometimes I wish I _B_ in dierent time nd dierent plce. be living B were living C would live D would hve lived wish后加的句子一定要用虚拟语气。 与现在事实相反，wish后的句子经常用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。 59. The director ws criticl _C_ the wy we were doing the work. t B in C o D with be criticl o 对...爱挑剔的，批评。 60. In sudden _B_ o nger, the mn tore up everything within rech. ttck B burst C split D blst within rech 够得着; out o rech 够不着; burst 爆发，迸发; burst可以与很多词语搭配表示突然发作: 1 能与人的情绪(喜、怒、哀、乐)搭配; 2 能与掌声、笑声搭配。 61. _D_ she relized it ws too lte to go home. No sooner it grew drk thn B Hrdly did it grow drk tht C Scrcely hd it grown drk thn D It ws not until drk tht no sooner在句首时句子要用部分倒装;hrdly要与when搭配;scrcely也要与when搭配。 62. In Britin people _C_ our million tons o pottoes every yer. swllow B dispose C consume D exhust swllow 吞，咽; dispose 去掉，处理，安排; consume 消费，消耗; consumer 消费者; exhust 将资源消耗殆尽;如果与人在一个句子中搭配则表示使人精疲力竭。 63. I'd __ his reputtion with other rmers nd business people in the community, nd then mke decision bout whether or not to pprove lon. tke into ccount B ccount or C mke up or D mke out tke into ccount 考虑; mke up or 弥补，补偿。 65. She cooked the met or long time so s to mke it _D_ enough to et. mild B slight C light D tender mild dj. 不辣的; hot dj. 辣的; extr hot 极辣的; light dj. 清淡的，容易消化的;蛋糕点心等松软的; muin n. 松饼; slight dj. 轻微的，少量的; tender dj. 肉嫩的。 stek n. 牛排;rre 三成熟的;medium 七成熟的;well-done 全熟的;medium rre 五成熟。 66. We tke our skin or grnted until it is burned __ repir. beyond B or C without D under tke sth. or grnted 把什么事当成理所当然的而不重视; beyond prep. 超出 „ 的范围。 67. The computer revolution my well chnge society s _C_ s did the Industril Revolution. certinly B insigniicntly C undmentlly D comprtively certinly 当然的，确定无疑的(主观思想较浓厚); insigniicntly 没有意义的，无足轻重的; comprtively 相比较而言的; undmentlly 根本性的，从本质上来说。 68. _C_ in this wy, the sitution doesn't seem so disppointing. To look t B Looking t C Looked t D To be looked t 70. Some women _D_ good slry in job insted o stying home, but they decided not to work or the ske o the mily. must mke B should hve mde C would mke D could hve mde or the ske o为了„ ;为了„的利益; 与过去事实相反时用:情态动词 + hve + 动词过去分词; should hve + 动词过去分词，表示本应该„ -------------------------1997-06------------------------- 32. You cnnot be _B_ creul when you drive cr. very B too C so D enough cnnot too 在„也不为过，越„越好。 34. Every mn in this country hs the right to live where he wnts to __ the color o his skin. [regrdless o 不管，不顾] regrdless o B in the light o C by virtue o D with the exception o 35. Housewives who do not go out to work eel they re not working to their ull _B_. strength B cpcity C length D possibility strength n. 力量，体力，实力; cpcity n. 才能，才智(能力方面)。 38. The old couple decided to _C_ boy nd girl though they hd three o their own. dpt B bring C dopt D receive 39. The government is trying to do something to _D_ better understnding between the two countries. rise B increse C heighten D promote promote better understnding 增进理解。 40. The newspper did not mention the __ o the dmge cused by the ire. extent B level C rnge D quntity extent作核心名词，表示到„程度了，介词用to。 41. The soldier ws __ o running wy when the enemy ttcked. ccused B chrged C scolded D punished be ccused o 被指控，被职责; be chrged with 被指控。 42. Hd he worked hrder, he _D_ the exms. must hve got through B could get through C would get through D would hve got through hd he worked hrder (虚拟语气) = i he hd worked hrder „ 与过去事实相反用:情态动词 + hve + 动词的过去分词。 45. It seems oil _B_ rom this pipe or some time. We'll hve to tke the mchine prt to put it right. hd leked B hs been leking C leked D is leking or + 一段时间，做时间状语，谓语动词用完成时态。过去完成时要与一般过去时搭配。 46. When he rrived, he ound _C_ the ged nd the sick t home. nothing but B none other C none but D no other thn 形容词前加the表示一类人。 none but 只有，仅有。 47. The pressure _B_ cuses mericns to be energetic, but it lso puts them under constnt emotionl strin. competing B to compete C to be competed D hving competed the right to vote 选举权。 动词不定式作后置定语要用主动形式。 the pressure to compete 竞争的压力。 49. s techers we should concern ourselves with wht is sid, not wht we think _C_. hve to be sid B must sy C ought to be sid D need to sy 50. Once environmentl dmge __, it tkes mny yers or the system to recover. is done B is to do C does D hs done 51. Studies show tht the things tht contribute most to sense o hppiness cnnot be bought, _B_ good mily lie, riendship nd work stisction. s or B such s C in cse o D in view o contribute to 对„做出贡献。 52. He will gree to do wht you require _D_ him. or B rom C to D o require sth. o sb. 要求某人做某事。 53. The mere ct __ most people believe nucler wr would be mdness does not men tht it will not occur. tht B which C wht D why ct后面要加同位语从句。 54. John seems nice person. _C_, I don't trust him. Even though B Thereore C Even so D Though even so 即便如此，尽管如此。 55. I don't think it dvisble tht Tom __ to the job since he hs no experience. be ssigned B will be ssigned C is ssigned D hs been ssigned dvisble后面加句子要用虚拟语气，形式为:(should)+ 动词原形。 56. _D_, mn who expresses himsel eectively is sure to succeed more rpidly thn mn whose commnd o lnguge is poor. Other things to be equl B Were other things equl C To be equl to other things D Other things being equl B项如果不省略i应为:I other things were equl 如果从句用虚拟语气，主句也必须用虚拟语气形式。 other things being equl 在这里是独立主格做条件状语。 57. _C_ tht my hed hd clered, my brin ws lso beginning to work much better. or B Since C Now D Despite 注意以下三个后面加句子的表达形式: 1 in tht 由于，因为; 2 now tht 既然，由于; 3 except tht 除了„之外。 59. By 1929, Mickey Mouse ws s populr _B_ children s Coc-Col. or B with C to D in be populr with + 人的群体 受„欢迎。 60. Becuse Edgr ws convinced o the ccurcy o this ct, he __ his opinion. stuck to B strove or C stuck t D stood or be convinced o 深信，确信; stick to 坚持; strive or 力求，拼命争取。 Don’t strive or perection. 不要凡是都力求达到完美状态。 -------------------------XXXX-XX------------------------- 48. It’s no use _B_ me not to worry. you tell B your telling C or you to hve told D hving told It's no use + 动名词。 动名词的复合结构，宾格(形容词性物主代词)+ 动名词。 52. I it __ too much trouble, I’d love cup o te. isn’t B wsn’t C weren’t D hdn’t been 一般日常用语，用一般时。 56. She ws gld tht her success would ___ or the women who would ollow. mke things esier B mke it esier C be esier D be esier to mke mke or 导致，促成;朝某个方向前进，走向那里。 不要选有代词指代不明的选项。 项中的things指的是境况，境遇。 60. We object _C_ punishing whole group or one person’s ult. ginst B bout C to D or 68. The newest stellite cn __ thousnd telephone converstions nd color TV progrm t the sme time. crry B extend C bring D tke crry vt. 传送，传输; extend vt. 延伸，延续(extend to 延伸到，延续到)。 etch vt. 去拿来，去请来，去叫来; etch wter 打水。 -------------------------1995-01------------------------- 41. The grey building is where the workers live, nd the white one is where the spre prts _B_. [spre prts零部件] re producing B re produced C produced D being produced 48. __ techer in university, it is necessry to hve t lest mster's degree. To become B Become C One become D On becoming mster's degree 硕士学位; 当介词on后面加动词ing形式时表示时间概念“在„之后”。 49. The little mn ws _C_ more thn one metre ity tll. nerly B quite C hrdly D lmost hrdly more thn 不足，不到。 36. The little mn ws _B_ one metre ity high. lmost more thn B hrdly more thn C nerly more thn D s much s 53. Medicl cre reorm hs become this country's most importnt public helth _C_. question B stu C mtter D issue mtter 事物，事情; question 有疑而问，并且有待回答的问题; questions nd nswers Q & 问与答; issue n. 问题(强调的是政治方面的问题)。 1999年前，台湾问题Tiwn issue;1999年后，台湾问题Tiwn question，态度转变。 60. I you don't like to swim, you _B_ sty t home. should s well B my s well C cn s well D would s well my s well 还是，到不如。 70. They re techers nd don't relize __ to strt nd run compny. wht it tkes B wht tkes it C wht they tke D wht tkes them strt nd run compny 创立并经营一家公司。 -------------------------1996-06------------------------- 23. helthy lie is requently thought to be _D_ with the open countryside nd homegrown ood. tied B bound C involved D ssocited be involved with 牵涉，卷入; be ssocited with 与...相关，联系起来。 homegrown ood 自家种的食品; wine 葡萄酒; house wine 自家的酒。 33. The trditionl pproch __ with complex problems is to brek them down into smller, more esily mnged problems. to deling B in deling C deling D to del pproch n. 方式，方法; pproch to + 动名词。 43. It's lredy 5 o'clock now. Don't you think it's bout time _C_? we re going home B we go home C we went home D we cn go home it's bout time后面加句子，要用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。 44. Lightning is __ o electricl current rom cloud to the ground or rom one cloud to nother. [Lightning n. 闪电] rush B rinbow C rck D ribbon rush n. 冲撞，冲击，撞击; rinbow n. 彩虹，幻想; rck n. 支架，挂架; ribbon n. 缎带，丝带，绒带。 46. I've lredy told you tht I'm going to buy it, __. however much it costs B however does it costs much C how much does it cost D no mtter how it costs however在这里不表示转折，而是句子的引导词，这种情况下它相当于:no mtter how。 意思是，我已经决定要买了，不管多少钱。 47. New York __ second in the production o pples, producing 850,000,000 pounds this yer. [rnk 排名，名列第几，强调名列前茅;Big pple 纽约] rnked B occupied C rrnged D clssiied 第5课 虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气的规则用法: 1主、从句都表示与过去事实相反: 从句的谓语动词用:hd + 动词过去分词; 主句的谓语动词用:情态动词 + hve + 动词过去分词。 注意:能用于虚拟语气的情态动词只有四个:should, could, would, might. 使用哪一个情态动词要由句子含义决定，考试中出现最多的是could, would. 2 主、从句都表示与现在事实相反: 从句的谓语动词用:动词过去式(如果是be则只能用were) 主句的谓语动词用:情态动词 + 动词原形。 3 主、从句都表示与将来事实相反: 从句的谓语动词用:were to + 动词原形(重点)、should + 动词原形、动词过去式; 主句的谓语动词用:情态动词 + 动词原形。 二、虚拟语气的特殊应用: 1 would rther + 句子，这时句子谓语动词用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。 2 i only 如果，要是...就好了，i only + 句子，这时句子一定要用虚拟语气。 有两种形式可以体现虚拟语气: . 如果该句子如果表示与现在或将来事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 b. 如果该句子如果表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。 70. Look t the terrible sitution I m in! I only I _B_ your dvice. ollow B hd ollowed C would ollow D hve ollowed 47. I only the committee _D_ the regultions nd put them into eect s soon s possible pprove B will pprove C cn pprove D would pprove 注意:当i only后的句子表示与现在或将来事实相反，该用动词过去式来表示虚拟语气，而选项中又没有时，可以采用这种形式:would + 动词原形。 3 当以下动词后加句子时，句子应用虚拟语气，句子谓语动词的形式是:(should)+ 动词原形。 . 表示建议、提议的:suggest, dvise, propose, recommend, move. [move只有在表达在会议上提出提议时后面加虚拟语气] b. 表示要求的:sk, demnd, require, request, desire. c. 表示指挥、命令的:order, commnd, direct. d. 表示坚持，坚持认为的:insist. 4 it is + 第三点中动词的过去分词 + tht引导的从句。 这样的结构中从句谓语动词形式为:(should)+ 动词原形。 以下几个形容词置于该结构中时也要用相同的形式来体现虚拟语气: importnt, necessry, essentil, obligtory(有义务的，强制性的，必须的)。 5 第三点中动词相应的名词形式 + tht引导从句，该从句同样要用虚拟语气， 谓语动词形式为:(should)+ 动词原形。 经常用于这种结构的词有:suggestion, dvice, proposl, recommendtion, motion. 6 以下一些表达方式所在的句子一定要用虚拟语气。 or(表示否则), otherwise, unless, but or(若不是，若非) 当遇到含有以上四个表达方式的句子时，先要判断该句是表示与现在、过去、还是将来事实相反，然后依照相应的虚拟语气规则用法的形式来确定句子结构。 含有下面三个表达方式的句子体现虚拟语气的形式是固定的: lest(以免，防备), or er tht(惟恐), on condition tht(在..条件下) 它们后面句子的谓语动词的形式都是:(should)+ 动词原形。 7 it is time 是...的时候了。 这个结构有以下两种变形形式，所用虚拟语气形式都一样:it is high time / it is bout time. 这三个结构后面加的句子谓语动词都用一般过去时来体现虚拟语气。 8 注意以下两种情况下should + 动词原形中should不能省略。 这里should表示一种语气，经常被翻译成“竟然”。 . 四个动词:think, believe, expect, suspect. 它们的否定或者疑问形式后面加句子，句子谓语动词用:should + 动词原形，should不能省略。 I don't believe tht he should be cheted. 我不相信他也会被骗。 b. it is pity, it is shme 真遗憾，it is strnge 真怪 以上三个结构后面加的句子谓语动词用:should + 动词原形，should不能省略。 错综时态的虚拟语气 错综时态的虚拟语气即指主句和从句在表达是与什么时态的事实相反上并不一致(比如主句要表达与现在事实相反而从句要表达与过去事实相反)，这种情况要采用“对号入座”的方法来处理，即主从句结构分别采用与其表达时态对应的结构。 60. I I hdn’t stood under the ldder to ctch you when you ell, you __ now. wouldn't be smiling B couldn't hve smiled C won't smile D didn't smile 2. I you hd studied the problem creully yesterdy, _C_. you won’t ind ny diiculty now B you would not hve ound ny diiculty now C you would not ind ny diiculty now D you hve not ound ny diiculty now 3. He would be studying t the university now i he _C_ the entrnce exmintion. pssed B hve pssed C hd pssed D should hve pssed 16. It is shme tht he _B_ tht poor little girl! deceived B should deceive C deceive D deceiving 18. Mrs. bliss kept the door nd the windows shut lest the noise outside _D_ her son's sleep. [lest(以免，防备) 后面句子的谓语动词的形式都是:(should)+ 动词原形] would interere with B hd interered with C interered with D should interere with -------------------------1996-01------------------------- 21. The ith genertion computers, with rtiicil intelligence, _C_ nd perected now. ) developed B hve developed C re being developed D will hve been developed 22. This ticket _C_ you to ree mel in our new resturnt. gives B grnts C entitles D credits ,B两项都要加双宾语，结构为:gives / grnts sb. sth. entitle sb. to sth. 使某人有权得到某物; credit to B 相信是由B造成的。 相信飞机失事是由飞行员错误造成的。 Credit the crsh to the pilot's mistke. crsh 坠落，坠毁(专指飞机失事); collision 碰撞(强调两个物体碰撞，如火车、汽车等)。 we re sorry, very sorry, terribly sorry, wully sorry. 23. You _D_ her in her oice lst ridy; she's been out o town or two weeks. needn't hve seen B must hve seen C might hve seen D cn't hve seen 24. Tht ws so serious mtter tht I hd no choice but _D_ the police. clled in B clling in C cll in D to cll in hve no choice but to do sth. 别无选择，只能做... 25. She ws so _B_ in her job tht she didn't her nybody knocking t the door. ttrcted B bsorbed C drwn D concentrted be ttrcted by 被„所吸引; be bsorbed in 全神贯注(专注)于做„ be drwn in 被诱骗(诱使)做... ; concentrte on 专注于。 I ws simply drwn in. 我是被诱骗上钩的。 27. t irst, the speker ws reerring to the problem o pollution in the country, but hlwy in her speech, she suddenly _B_ to nother subject. committed B switched C voured D trnsmitted switch to nother subject 转换话题; switch to nother chnnel 转换频道。 28. It is politely requested by the hotel mngement tht rdios _C_ ter 11 o'clock t night. [虚拟语气] were not plyed B not to ply C not be plyed D did not ply 29. lthough I like the ppernce o the house, wht relly mde me decide to buy it ws the beutiul _D_ through the window. vision B look C picture D view view n. 景色，风景，视野，视域。 30. Cncer is second only _B_ hert disese s cuse o deth. o B to C with D rom 具有比较意味的形容词都要与介词to搭配。 32. The mnger needs n ssistnt tht he cn __ to tke cre o problems in his bsence. [in his bsence 在某人不在场的情况下] count on B count in C count up D count out presence n. 到场，出席; in one’s presence 在某人在场的情况下。 count on=depend on 指望，依靠，依赖; count up 算出总数; count in 把„算在内; count out 把...排除在外。 33. The orgniztion hd broken no rules, but __ hd it cted responsibly. neither B so C either D both 34. We gve out cheer when the red roo o the cottge cme _D_ view. rom B in C beore D into come into view 进入视野，进入眼帘。 cheer n. 欢呼; cheers 干杯; cheer-tem 拉拉队; cheer-leder 拉拉队长。英语中为了„干杯用介词to引起。 to your helth 为了你的健康干杯; to riendship为了友谊干杯。 bottom up 先干了。 35. They took _D_ mesures to prevent poisonous gses rom escping. ruitul B beneicil C vlid D eective tke eective mesures 采取有效措施。 vlid dj. 有效的，成立的。 36. Doing your homework is sure wy to improve your test scores, nd this is especilly true __ it comes to clssroom tests. when B since C beore D ter sure 做定语时表示“可靠的、稳妥的”。 come to 谈到，提及。 37. Creul surveys hve indicted tht s mny s 50 percent o ptients do not tke drugs _D_ directed. like B so C which D s drug n. 药品，毒品。 gy dj. 放荡的，快乐的; n. 同性恋者，尤指男性同性恋。 so后面加过去分词表示一种程度。 s后面加过去分词时表示“如同„那样，正如„那样”。 53. I hope ll the precutions ginst ir pollution, _D_ suggested by the locl government, will be seriously considered here. while B since C ter D s precutions n. 防治措施; precutions ginst 防治„的措施。 ter being + 过去分词，注意:ter后面不能直接加过去分词。 38. In developing countries people re _C_ into overcrowded cities in gret numbers. breking B illing C pouring D hurrying pour into 涌入，蜂拥而入。 brek into 强行闯入。 39. It's reported tht by the end o this month the output o cement in the ctory __ by bout 10%. [output 产量] will hve risen B hs risen C will be rising D hs been rising 表达将来的行为在将来某时间之前完成用将来完成时。 40. I I hd remembered __ the window, the thie would not hve got in. to close B closing C to hve closed D hving closed remember to do sth. 记得要做某事但没做。 41. There re other problems which I don't propose to __ t the moment. go into B go round C go or D go up t the moment 目前，现在。 go into 谈论，讨论。 42. Don't get your schedule _C_; sty with us in this clss. to chnge B chnging C chnged D chnge 43. It is quite necessry or quliied techer to hve good mnners nd __ knowledge. extensive B expnsive C intensive D expensive extensive dj. 范围广大的，广博的; extensive knowledge 知识渊博。 expnsive dj. 扩张的，面积广阔的; expensive dj. 昂贵的，高价的。 intensive dj. 仔细深入的，细致入微的。 54. The ptient's helth iled to such n extent tht he ws put into _C_ cre. tense B rigid C intensive D tight to such n extent 到如此的程度。 intensive cre 特级护理。 44. Jen doesn't wnt to work right wy becuse she thinks tht i she _B_ job she probbly wouldn't be ble to see her riends very oten. hs to get B were to get C hd got D could hve got 46. love mrrige, however, does not necessrily _B_ much shring o interests nd responsibilities. [ love mrrige因相爱而结婚形成的婚姻] tke over B result in C hold on D keep to not necessrily 未必; interests n. 利益。 tke over 接管，接收; result in 导致，结果是; hold on 坚持，挺住; keep to 坚持，遵守。 47. The bility to store knowledge mkes computers dierent orm every other mchine __ invented. [ever dj. 曾经，以往任何时候] ever B thus C yet D s 48. I'm not sure whether I cn gin ny proit rom the investment, so I cn't mke (n) _C_ promise to help you. exct B deined C deinite D sure deinite: unlikely to be chnged 不可能被改变的; deinite promise 不可能被改变的诺言。 49. I hve kept tht portrit _B_ I cn see it every dy, s it lwys reminds me o my university dys in London. which B where C whether D when which在定语从句中除了做主语就是做宾语，when在定语从句中只能做时间状语。 remind sb. o sth. 使某人想起某事。 50. The sports meet, originlly due to be held lst ridy, ws inlly _D_ becuse o the bd wether. [sports meet=sports meeting 运动会] set o B broken o C worn o D clled o -------------------------1997-01------------------------- 21. Until then, his mily _D_ rom him or six months. didn't her B hsn't been hering C hsn't herd D hdn't herd until then 直到那时。 her rom sb. 收到某人的来信，得到某人的消息。 22. The conerence _B_ ull week by the time it ends. must hve lsted B will hve lsted C would lst D hs lsted 见到介词by引导的时间状语，谓语动词就应是完成时态。 24. Physics is _B_ to the science which ws clled nturl philosophy in history. like B equivlent C likely D uniorm be like to sb. 对于某人来说均是一样的。 be equivlent to 相当于。 ll tstes re like to him. 所有味道对他来说都一样。 27. The new ppointment o our president __ rom the very beginning o next semester. tkes eect B tkes prt C tkes plce D tkes turns semester n. 学期; president n. 大学校长; tke eect 生效，发生效力; tke prt in 参与，参加; tke plce=hppen 发生; tkes turn to do sth. 轮流做某事。 28. The president mde __ speech t the opening ceremony o the sports meeting, which encourged the sportsmen gretly. vigorous B tedious C lt D hrsh ceremony n. 典礼，仪式;表达在某个典礼上介词用t。 vigorous dj. 强劲有力的，强有力的。 hrsh dj. 刺耳的，令人不愉快的; lt dj. 平淡无奇的; tedious dj. 冗长无聊的。 29. It is useul to be ble to predict the extent _C_ which price chnge will ect supply nd demnd. [extent to] rom B with C to D or 30. inding job in such big compny hs lwys been _D_ his wildest drems. under B over C bove D beyond beyond one’s wildest drems 做梦也想不到。 31. It is not esy to lern English well, but i you _C_, you will succeed in the end. hng up B hng bout C hng on D hng onto hng on 坚持，继续下去。 32. It is reported tht _C_ dopted children wnt to know who their nturl prents re. the most B most o C most D the most o most单独出现的时候有两种词性要考虑:1 dv. 非常;2 dj. 大多数的。 the most后面加多音节的形容词或副词构成该句的最高级。 most o + 名词，表示这些名词中的大多数。 mke the most o 充分利用。 34. _D_ beore we deprt the dy ter tomorrow, we should hve wonderul dinner prty. [Were they to rrive=I they were to rrive] Hd they rrived B Would they rrive C Were they rriving D Were they to rrive 35. The strong storm did lot o dmge to the costl villges: severl ishing bots were __ nd mny houses collpsed. wrecked B spoiled C torn D injured collpse vi. 倒塌，坍塌; wreck vt. (船只)遭到破坏。 torn原形是ter，n. 眼泪，vt. 撕裂，撕开。 37. s _B_ nnounced in tody's ppers, the Shnghi Export Commodities ir is lso open on Sundys. being B is C to be D been 注意两个非限定性定语从句的引导词:s, which。 which在做非限定性定语从句引导词时有两个特点: 1 which前要有逗号与前面句子分开; 2 which引导非限定性定语从句指的是前面整句话的 内容。 只要引导非限定性定语从句s和which都指一句话内容，区别在于which只能放在它所指那 句话的后面，而s可以在前面也可以在后面。 38. You see the lightning __ it hppens, but you her the thunder lter. the instnt B or n instnt C on the instnt D in n instnt the instnt=s soon s 一„就„ 39. The mnger lost his _B_ just becuse his secretry ws ten minutes lte. mood B temper C mind D pssion lose one’s temper 发脾气。 40. Gret s Newton ws, mny o his ides _C_ tody nd re being modiied by the work o scientists o our time. re to chllenge B my be chllenged C hve been chllenged D re chllenging s表示“尽管”时引导从句，从句中的表语可以放在引导词之前构成部分倒装。 41. Plese be creul when you re drinking coee in cse you _D_ the new crpet. crsh B pollute C spot D stin pollute vt. 污染; spot n. 地点，场所，斑点，污点;v. 使„上有斑点、污点。 spotted dog 斑点狗。 stin v. 弄脏，玷污，染色。 59. The tomto juice let brown __ on the ront o my jcket. spot B point C trck D trce 42. I'd rther red thn wtch television; the progrms seem _B_ ll the time. to get worse B to be getting worse C to hve got worse D getting worse ll the time 始终，一直。 43. Convenience oods which re lredy prepred or cooking re _D_ in grocery stores. redy B pprochble C probble D vilble convenience oods 方便食品; instnt coee/noodle 速容咖啡/速食面。 redy dj. 准备好的; pprochble dj. 可接近的，平易近人的，亲切的。 probble dj. 可能的; vilble dj. 可获得的，可利用的，可支配的。 44. When I cught him __ I stopped buying things there nd strted deling with nother shop. cheting B chet C to chet D to be cheting 45. It is importnt tht enough money __ to und the project. be collected B must be collected C ws collected D cn be collected 46. Some old people don't like pop songs becuse they cn't _C_ so much noise. resist B sustin C tolerte D undergo tolerte vt. 忍受，容忍; undergo vt. 经历，遭受。 48. _C_ one time, Mnchester ws the home o the most productive cotton mills in the world. [t one time 曾经，一度] On B By C t D O 49. __ it or not, his discovery hs creted stir in scientiic circles. Believe B To believe C Believing D Believed believe it or not 信不信由你。 cret stir 引起轰动。 50. Mr. Morgn cn be very sd _C_, though in public he is extremely cheerul. by himsel B in person C in privte D s individul in public 在公众面前; in privte 私下单独一个人的时候。 第6课 关于逗号的一些知识 原则:逗号没有能力连接两个单独的句子。 如何区分短语与句子,一个结构如果有完整的谓语部分就是句子。 何为完整的谓语部分,如果能判断出一个结构的时态就可以称这个结构为完整的谓语部分。 在什么样的情况下一个逗号可以将句子分成两部分，而这两部分都有完整的谓语呢, 1 两个句子中间有连接词连接; 2 这两个句子是主从句关系(主从句之间一定要有句子引导词来引导)。 10. Wlter oered us lit when he ws leving the oice, but our work __, we declined the oer. [declined v. 婉言谢绝] not being inished B not hving inished C hd not been inished D ws not inished 42. survey ws crrie3d out on the deth rte o new-born bbies in tht region, _D_ were surprising. [survey 调查] s results B which results C the results o it D the results o which 51. ll lights _D_ becuse o the snowstorm, mny pssengers could no nothing but tke the trin. [hving been cnceled这里是独立主格作原因状语] hd been cnceled B hve been cnceled C were cnceled D hving been cnceled -------------------------1999-01------------------------- 46. __ the clcultion is right scientists cn never be sure tht they hve included ll vribles nd modeled them ccurtely. [vrible n. 变项，变量;model vt. 建模] Even i B s r s C I only D So long s even i 即使，即便; so long s (后面加句子时)只要。 47. My trin rrives in New York t eight o'clock tonight. The plne I would like to tke rom there _B_ by then. would leve B will hve let C hs let D hd let 将来完成时:will hve + 动词过去分词。 49. Hrry ws __ by bee when he ws collecting the honey. stung B stuck C bitten D scrtched sting v. (蜜蜂)叮，蛰; bite v. (蚊子等)咬; scrtch vt. 抓伤，划破(通常指猫抓人)。 once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。 50. The thie tried to open the locked door but _B_. in no wy B in vin C without eect D t loss in vin 徒劳，白费工夫; But很少与介词without联用; t loss 不知所措。 52. _B_ seeing the dmge he hd done, the child elt shmed. By B On C t D or on后面加动词ing形式表示“在„之后”这个时间概念。 54. Reserch indings show we spend bout two hours dreming every night, no mtter wht we _C_ during the dy. should hve done B would hve done C my hve done D must hve done should hve + 动词过去分词，表示本应该做; my hve + 动词过去分词，表示可能做过; 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气主句谓语动词的表达形式可能用到:would hve + 动词过去分词。 must hve + 动词过去分词，表示对过去行为进行肯定推测。表示一定做过; cn't hve + 动词过去分词，表示对过去行为进行否定推测，表示不可能做过。 56. This crop does not do well in soils[各种土壤] _B_ the one or which it hs been specilly developed. outside B other thn C beyond D rther thn outside prep. 在„外边; rther thn 而不是(肯定前者，否定后者)。 beyond prep. 超出„的范围; beyond his wildest drems 超出他最狂野的梦想。 other thn 不同于，而非，当它与否定词no或not出现在同一个句子中时表示“除„之外”。 66. In no country __ Britin, it hs been sid, cn on experience our sesons in the course o single dy. other thn B more thn C better thn D rther thn 63. My ther seemed to be in no __ to look t my school report. mood B emotion C ttitude D eeling be in no mood to do/doing sth. 没有情绪(心情)做什么事情。 67. I'm sorry I cn't see you immeditely; but i you'd like to tke set, I'll be with you _B_. [in moment 马上，立即(它作为时间状语时一定与将来时态搭配)= in n instnt.] or moment B in moment C or the moment D t the moment 68. The trumpet plyer ws certinly loud. But I wsn't bothered by his loudness _D_ by his lck o tlent. [trumpet 小号] thn B more thn C s D so much s 当否定词not与so much s出现在同一句子中时，它们的含义是:与其说„不如说„ 70. Our journey ws slow becuse the trin stopped _D_ t dierent villges. uncesingly B grdully C continuously D continully uncesingly dv. 不停止地，不休止地; grdully dv. 逐渐地，逐步地;= step by step. continuously dv. 连续不断地; continully dv. 时断时续地。 -------------------------1994-01------------------------- 43. rnkurt, Germny, is in one o the most __ populted regions o Western Europe. densely B vstly C enormously D lrgely densely populted 人口分布稠密; sprsely populted 人口分布稀疏。 52. _D_ o the two books holds the opinion tht the dnger o nucler wr is incresing. None B Either C Both D Neither none表示的是三者或三者以上都不; either表示的是两者之间任意一者。 55. Beethoven is my vorite musicin. I regrd him s __ other musicins. superior to B more superior thn C more superior to D superior thn 注意:具有比较意味的形容词只需要与to搭配，而无须more, thn。 58. She is very _D_ secretry: she never orgets nything or mkes mistke. nxious B eective C dequte D eicient nxious dj. 忧虑的，焦虑的; nxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑; eective dj. 有效的; tke eective mesures 采取有效的措施; dequte dj. 充足的，足够的;= suricient. eicient dj. 效率高的，能胜任的。 64. The computer hs brought bout surprising technologicl chnges _B_ we orgnize nd produce inormtion. in wy B in the wy C in tht wy D in no wy in the wy 引导句子时表示“在...方面”。 170. Plese move this chir, it is __. in the wy B on the wy C in wy D by the wy in the wy在没有引导句子时表示“挡路的，妨碍某人的”。 67. In ustrli the sins mke their inluence _C_ in businesses lrge nd smll. eeling B eel C elt D to be elt 考试中常见的几个使役动词:mke, get, keep, leve. 考试中的形式:使役动词 + sb.(sth.) + ___ 此时空格处应填分词 具体是要填现在还是过去分词由空格前的sb.(sth.)决定， 如果它是动作的发出者则填现在分词，如果它是动作的承受者则填过去分词。 -------------------------1999-06------------------------- 41. He cme bck lte, _B_ which time ll the guests hd lredy let. ter B by C t D during 介词by引导时间状语时一定与完成时态搭配。 45. His remrks let me _D_ bout his rel purpose. wondered B wonder C to wonder D wondering 49. lthough they plnt trees in this re every yer, the tops o some hills re still _D_. blnk B hollow C vcnt D bre blnk dj. 空白的(因为没写字而空白); hollow dj. 空心的，中空的; bre dj. 光突突的(山上没有树和草);没带首饰的; bld dj. 秃顶的。 50. Being pop str cn be quite hrd lie, with lot o trvelling _D_ hevy schedules. with regrd to B s to C in reltion to D owing to owning to = due to 因为。 52. Willim Penn, the ounder o Pennsylvni, _C_ deended the right o every citizen to reedom o choice in religion. peculirly B indierently C vigorously D inevitbly peculir dj. 奇特的; indierently dv. 冷漠地，不积极地; vigorously dv. 强有力的，强劲有力的; inevitbly dv. 不可避免地，必然地。 60. We hve been told tht under no circumstnces __ the telephone in the oice or personl irs. my we use B we my use C we could use D did we use 61. In previous times, then resh met ws in short _D_, pigeons were kept by mny households s source o ood. [in short supply 供应不足] store B provision C reserve D supply in previous times 从前; resh wter 淡水; resh met 鲜肉; dove n. 鸽子; ben curd 豆腐; Bible 圣经; bible 具有权威性的书; God 上帝; god 神。 62. s Commnder-in-Chie o the rmed orces, I hve directed tht ll mesures _C_ or our deense. hd been tken B would be tken C be tken D to be tken 以下几个表示“指挥，命令”的动词:order, commnd, direct. 在引导宾语从句时从句要用“(should) + 动词原形”来体现虚拟语气。 63. thie who broke into church ws cught becuse trces o wx, ound on his clothes, __ rom the sort o cndles used only in churches. hd come B coming C come D tht cme 65. I ws _B_ the point o telephoning him when his letter rrived. to B on C t D in to the point o 到了„程度; on the point o doing sth. 正要做某事情; t the point o 在某点上; when除了表示“当„时候”外，还可以表示“恰在此时”或“刚„就„” 68. The project _C_ by the end o 2000, will expnd the city's telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users. ccomplished B being ccomplished C to be ccomplished D hving been ccomplished 69. _C_ evidence tht lnguge-cquiring bility must be stimulted. I being B It is C There is D There being evidence表示“证据”，最大的特点是后面经常带同位语从句说明证据的内容。 lnguge-cquiring bility 语言习得能力。 evidence不用在“it is „”这种结构当中。 64. ter the guests let, she spent hl n hour _C_ the sitting-room[客厅]. ordering B rrnging C tidying up D clering wy order vt. 命令;订购;整理，使有条理性; order one's thoughts 整理思路，整理思绪; rrnge v. 布置，安排; tidy up 整理，使整洁(后面通常加某个房间); cler wy 把„清除掉。 67. lorry[卡车] __ Jne's ct nd sped wy. rn over B rn into C rn through D rn down run over 撞倒并碾过; run into 不期然地遇到; run through 贯穿(多用于抽象事物); run down 贬低; run down one's opinion. 70. Those gits o rre books tht were given to us were deeply __. pprecited B pproved C ppeled D pplied rre books 珍藏本的书籍; pprecite 重视，欣赏，感激; pprove 批准，通过，赞成; pprove o 赞成，满意; pply 应用，运用; ppel 呼吁(表示此意义时它经常于or搭配);申诉，上诉(表示此意义时它要于to搭配)。 -------------------------XXXX-XX------------------------- 15. Will you _C_ coming to dinner with me? hve the plesure o B give the plesure in C do me the plesure o D tke plesure in plesure n. 荣幸; 第二选项的正确形式应为:give me the plesure o C选项也可写为:do me the vor(vour) o 18. _C_ Goul hd sid it, he knew wht mistke he hd mde. t once B No sooner C The moment D Hrdly 以下几个引导词都可以表示“一„就„”:s soon s, the instnt, the moment. 25. Norin received bd wound _B_ the leg when he ws shot t. on B in C t D o 表示身体某一部位受伤用介词in。 hit sb. in the ce 打某人一个耳光。 28. Cork ws ngry; _D_ he listened to me. nd B but C so D nevertheless cork n. 软木塞。 nevertheless conj. 尽管如此。 34. Tht __ instrument cn record even very slightly chnges. delicte B eeble C sensible D esible instrument n. 仪器，(弹奏的)乐器; delicte instrument 精密仪器。 delicte dj. 精密的，准确的; eeble dj. 软弱的，无力的; sensible dj. 明智的; sensitive dj. 敏感的; be sensitive to 对„很敏感; esible dj. 可行的，行得通的。 40. Let’s begin the lesson t the plce where we __ lst time. let o B let out C let to D let up leve o 停止，中断; leve out = omit 遗漏; 43. Eduction does not _D_ simply _D_ lerning lot o cts. consist; o B consist; rom C consist; or D consist; in consist o 包括; consist in(抽象意义的)在于 = lie in在于。 49. There is no tree __ bers some ruit. but B which C tht D unless but用在否定句中并且后面引导一个句子时相当于“tht...not”。 本句可改写为这种形式:There is no tree tht does not bers some ruit. 50. “Will you be ble to inish the job this week?” “_D_.” I don’t know so B I cn’t sy so C I’m not sure so D I don’t expect so I don't expect so 恐怕不行。 394. “I hope tht John will ply bsketbll tomorrow.” “Yes, I _D_.” hope it too B hope too C hope tht too D hope so too 395. “I slipped on the stirs. I think my rm is broke.” “Oh, I _D_.” do not hope so B do not hope C hope not so D hope not 肯定用:I hope so. 否定用:I hope not. 51. She died when she ws ninety, not o old ge, but _B_ hed injury when she ell down light o stirs. o B rom C with D or die o 表示因年老，疾病或饥饿而死亡; die rom 指因为受伤而死亡。 57. You hve no busniess _D_ to me the wy you did the other dy. to be tlked B being tlked C to tlk D tlking hve no business doing sth. 没有理由(权利)做某事。 132. _B_ dy Bill ws strting his motor-bike when his sister Mry cme out nd sked or lit. [the other dy 几天前] Some B The other C nother D On one 65. I’d just s soon __ rudely to her. you didn’t spek B tht you don’t spek C tht you won’t spek D you hdn’t spek wish, would rther后面加句子，句子谓语动词用一般过去时。 would just s soon的用法与would rther完全相同。 69. Which screw do you wnt? __ will do. ny one B Not one C Everyone D nyone ny one 任何一个(指事物); no one 没有人; everyone 每个人; nyone 任何人。 73. I suppose you’re not serious, _C_? don’t you B do I C re you D ren’t you 主、从句整体变反意疑问句时通常都与主句保持一致。 但suppose, think, believe, imgine这四个动词后面加了宾语从句， 然后对整个句子来变反意疑问句时反意疑问句部分与从句保持一致。 82. The chir belongs _B_ the corner. to B in C on D with belong to 属于(表示归属关系); belong in 在„有适当的位置。 94. The terrible noise is _B_ me md. turing B driving C setting D putting drive sb. md(crzy) 使某人发疯。 114. We re bound _B_ with diiculties in our English study. to hve met B to meet C meeting D hving met be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事。 118. Everyone ssumed wht he sid _B_ bsed on cts. is B to be C were D being ssume sb.(sth.)to do sth. 想当然的认为某人(某事物)要做某事。 ssume + tht引导的从句。 129. The shpe o Itly on mp hs oten been compred _C_ long Wellington boot. s B with C to D ginst compre与with搭配，表示将与B进行比较; compre与to搭配，表示将比作B。 130. Since everyone would like to ind n prtment ner the university, there re very ew _C_ prtments in the re. ree B empty C vcnt D reserved vcnt dj. 空闲的。 144. I know Jonthn quite well nd never doubt _B_ he cn do good job o it. whether B tht C when D wht doubt + whether引导的从句，怀疑是否„ ; doubt + tht引导的从句。对...真的有疑虑。 156. Let bygones be bygones. Don’t _D_ so much on the pst. lie B ly C dwelt D dwell let bygones be bygones. 让过去的过去吧。 dwell vi. 居住; dwell on 老是想着„ 162. Intellect is to the mind _B_ sight is to the body. which B wht C where D but wht这时连接两个句子，表示“有如”或“就像„一样”。 wht只有用在这种“对于B来说就象C对于D一样”句型当中时。 ir is to mn wht wter is to the ish. 空气对于人类来说就象水对于鱼来说一样重要。 165. His honesty is _D_, nobody cn doubt it. in question B beside the question C out o the question D without question in question = under discussion 正在讨论中的; beside the question 离题，与题无关; out o the question 不可能的; out o question 没有问题的，毫无疑问的; without question 没有问题的，毫无疑问的 = out o question. 172. Nerly ll mjor cities in the US re crime-ridden. New York is __. cse in point B cse to point C the cse D in the cse o cse in point 有说服力的例子。 185. “rnk is up lte working gin.” “This is the third time this week he’s hd to study lte, __?” isn’t it B hsn’t it C isn’t he D hsn’t he 这里it是代词，指代前面整句话的内容。 表示“第几次做某事”变成反意疑问句经常用it指代整句话的内容。 252. This is the irst time tht he hs elt relly relxed or months, _B_? hsn’t he B isn’t it C isn’t he D hsn’t it 191. judge must be _B_ when weighing evidence. interested B disinterested C uninterested D disconnected weigh vt. 斟酌，考虑; interested dj. 有兴趣的; disinterested dj. 公正的，无私的; uninterested dj. 不感兴趣的; disconnected dj. 分离的，不连贯的。 217. lthough he sometimes lost his temper, his pupils liked him _D_ or it. not so much B not so little C no more D no less lose one’s temper 发脾气。 222. Wise men seek ter truth, __ ools desire knowledge. wheres B or C s well s D hence wheres conj. 反之，但是。 239. Wter nd ir re _D_ to living. independent B initil C dependent D indispensble be indispensble to 至关重要的，不可或缺的; 240. This report throws light _B_ the sitution. in B on C with D to throw light on 把光投到„上去，(引申)清楚的阐述。 246. _B_ tht we will go brod. It’s like B Chnces re C The most likely D Chnces will be chnces re 很有可能„ ; chnces were 很有可能„ 253. Is there ny chnce _B_? whichever B whtsoever C wherever D whenever whtsoever经常放在一些名词后面作后置定语，表示“任何的”或“丝毫的”。 whtsoever作后置定语通常放在有ny的，或者是否定的句子中。 262. She is so clever s to spek severl oreign lnguges, not to _D_ o English. sy B tell C red D spek not spek o 更不用说 = not to mention 270. Wht he did ws _C_ thn prcticl joke. nything else B or else C nothing else D more else prcticl joke 恶作剧; nothing else thn 只不过，仅仅。 283. I’ll be wy or bout six months but you cn write to me __ my brother. in cre o B by cre o C with cre o D under cre o in cre o 由„转交。 = C/O 284. Correct the errors, _D_, in the sentence. i there will be ny B i there re some C i they hve ny D i ny i ny是一个口语中经常加的插入语成分，表示“如果说有„的话”。 288. There is no point _C_ in dngerous plce i you cn’t do nything _C_ the people who hve to sty here. remining … helping B to remin … to help C in remining … to help D in remining … helping there is no point in doing sth. 做某事也是毫无意义; 这里point表示“作用，用途”。 291. Do most o us seeing people grsp csully the outwrd etures o ce nd _D_? let it lone B let lone C let well lone D let it go t tht seeing people 视力健全的人; csully 随意地，随便地; let is go t tht表示“不去多操心，不再多说，随它去了”。 316. The policemen went into ction _C_ they herd the lrm. presently B promptly C directly D quickly directly dv. 直接的; conj. 一„就„ ，一当„时候。 表示“一„就„”的几个短语:s soon s, the instnt, the moment, directly. 323. The ct is, _D_, member o the mily. s to spek B no wonder C s ct D so to spek so to spek 可以这么说。 335. “Wht cn I do or you?” “I you _C_ see Mr. Keller, give him my regrds.” would B will C should D shll regrd n. 关心，致意，问候，考虑; 356. The Myor nd Corportion o Hmelin were __ or some wy o ridding the town o rts. [The Myor nd Corportion 市长和市政当局] t their wit’s end B t their wits end C in their wit’s end D or their wits end t one's wit's end 智穷才竭，黔驴技穷。 383. I think your sister is old enough to know _B_ to spend ll her money on ncy goods. other thn B better thn C rther thn D more thn know better thn 明白事理而不至于做„ 417. The police looked _B_ the pst record o the suspect. in B into C or D o suspect v. 猜疑，怀疑; n. 嫌疑犯。 look or 寻找; look in 顺便看望，顺便拜访; look into 观察，调查。 -------------------------INISH-------------------------