虚拟语气-公开课-精品课件-全

Thesubjunctivemood虚拟语气Part1Learninggoals1.Knowwhatthesubjunctivemoodrefersto2.Knowthedifferentformsofthesubjunctivemood3.Masterthestructureofthesubjunctivemoodabout“if…”4.Dosomeexercisesaboutthe3thaim语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示。虚拟语气 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式， 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(常用在条件状语从句中或让步状语从句中)； 一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(常用在名词性从句中)。 简言之，即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情，就用虚拟语气来表述虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气的常考形式：If引导的条件句a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。Ifwehavechances,wecanhavefurthercooperation.IfIhaveanotherchance,IwillvisitChinaagain.if真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很有可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思if条件从句一般现在时主句will\shall+动词原形情态动词+动词原形**Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwillsleepathomeifitrainstomorrow.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。**if引导的虚拟条件句①与现在事实相反②与过去事实相反③与将来事实可能相反IfIhadagreatdealofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.与现在事实相反IfIweretheschoolmasterofGaochengNo.1Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.与现在事实相反　if虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形1.IfIhadagreatdealofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.2.IfIweretheschoolmasterofGaochengNo.1Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were) 　　if虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设IfYaoJiaxinhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.与过去事实相反IfTomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnothavebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.与过去事实相反Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.与过去事实相反　if虚拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词1.IfYaoJiaxinhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009. IfTomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnothavebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.3.Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedone 　　if虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与过去事实相反的假设IfImetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim.IfIweretomeetObamasomeday,…IfIshouldmeetObamasomeday,…与将来事实相反　if虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形IfImet/weretomeet/shouldmeetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim. 　　if虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与将来事实相反的假设 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf ：　if虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)If+主语+had+动词的过去分词即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形（4+1） 　　if虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设注意以下问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 ： 1.错综时间虚拟条件句 2.(if省略)倒装虚拟条件句 3.含蓄条件句　1.错综时间条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)If+主语+had+动词的过去分词即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形错综时间条件句错综时间条件句（4+1） 　　if虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设1.错综时间虚拟条件句即：if虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。1).Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）2).IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）3).Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）2.在虚拟条件句中，如果条件句中有were,had（助动词）或should时，可使用倒装结构，但if必须省略。若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had等缩略成weren’t，shouldn’t，hadn’t置于句首。1).HadIseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.=IfIhadseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.2).ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfIshouldhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.3).WereInotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfIwerenotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.2.(if省略)倒装虚拟条件句补充例句：要不是……(固定句式) Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkyesterday.=Haditnotbeenfor…,… Ifitwerenotforlackingmoney,Iwouldgotravellingrightnow.=Wereitnotforlackingmoney,…与过去事实相反与现在事实相反Butfor…要不是……(1)Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.（副词）(2)Hetelephonedtotellmeofyourbirthday,or/otherwiseIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.（连词）直陈语气虚拟语气直陈语气虚拟语气3.含蓄条件句　有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。含蓄条件句　(4)Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theywouldhaveraisedtheiroutputquickly.（独立主格）=Ifeverythinghadbeentakeninto(了解即可)consideration,…(3)Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.（连词）直陈语气虚拟语气(5)用介词短语代替条件状语从句．常用的介词有with,without,butfor等。如：Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?Wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.=Ifyouhadamilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?=Ifwehadn’tgotyourhelp/Ifyouhadn’thelpedus,…=Ifithadn’tbeenfortherain,…虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气1.Ifmyfather_____herenow,he______tellmewhattodo. were;would was;will hadbeen;would is;willExerciseA2.Ifhe__________myadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob. followed B.shouldfollow C.hadfollowed D.wouldfollowExerciseC3.IfI_____inthe22ndcentury,I________myvacationinaverydifferentway. shouldlive;wouldspend willlive;shouldspend areliving;shouldhavespent willbeliving;wouldhavespentA4.________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.WillExercisetomorrowB5.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I________thefirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcompetition.A.wouldnotwin B.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwin D.wouldhavewonExerciseB6.IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955，thehousingproblemsnowinsomepartsofthiscountry________soserious.A.wouldn’tbe B.willnothavebeenC.wouldn’thavebeen D.wouldhavenotbeenExercisenowin1955A7．－Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.－Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvegetables_____.A.wouldn'tdie B.didn'tdie C.hadn'tdied D.wouldn'thavediedExerciseDhadrainednow8.They____twofreeticketstoCanada，otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenabletoaffordtogo. hadgot　　　B.gotC.havegot　D.getExerciseBotherwise9.—Whydidn’tyoubuytheflat?—I____，butIdidn’thavethemoney. wouldhave　　B.boughtC.wouldliketo　D.hadboughtExerciseAbutThesubjunctivemood虚拟语气Part2Learninggoals1.Knowthedifferentformsofthesubjunctivemood2.Masterthestructuresofthedifferentformsofthesubjunctivemood3.Dosomeexercisesaboutthegrammar虚拟语气的常考形式：If引导的条件句a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。总结：　if虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)If+主语+had+动词的过去分词即：If+过去完成时态主语+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形（4+1） 　　if虚拟条件句 　　　主句 与现在事实相反的假设 与过去事实相反的假设 与将来事实相反的假设注意以下问题： 1.错综时间虚拟条件句 2.(if省略)倒装虚拟条件句 3.含蓄条件句shoulddo!shoulddo!shoulddo!二.名词性从句中的虚拟语气二.名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一“坚持”(insist),二“命令”(order,command),四“建议”(advise,suggest,propose,recommend),五“要求”(ask,demand,require,request,desire)+(that)sb(should)do...或是(that)sb/sth(should)bedone宾语从句我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚持要我与他同行。他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。老师要求作业要及时完成。Wesuggested___________________.Heinsisted_________________________.Theyrequested(that)Tom_________________________________.(that)Tomhavearest(that)I(should)gowithhim(should)besenttoworkthereTheteacherasked(that)ourhomework_________________________________.(should)befinishedintime2. 这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddo Itissuggestedthatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday. Thesuggestiongivenbyourteacheristhatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday. Theteachergiveusasuggestionthatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.2.这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddo Itisordered/commanded/suggested/advised/requested/required/demanded…that…(should)do The/One’sinsistence/order/command/suggestion/advice/proposal/recommendation/request/requirement/demand/desireis/wasthat…(should)do a/thesuggestion/request(等)that…(should)do…主语从句表语从句同位语从句 It’ssuggestedthattheplan(should)becarriedoutatonce. Theoldwoman’sdemandisthatherson(should)cometoseeheronceaweek. Weareinfavoroftheadvicethatthefactory(should)becloseddown.3.wish的宾语从句1.wish的宾语从句与现在事实相反:一般过去时(be用were)与过去事实相反:过去完成时与将来事实相反:would/could+V.原shouldIwishI_____(be)astallasYaoMing.wereIwish/wishedI______(havenot)eatensomuchwatermelon.hadn’tIwishit______(will)raintomorrow.Ifso,Icanstayathometohaveagoodsleep.wouldHewisheshe___________________(become)ascientistsomeday.could/wouldbecome三.虚拟语气特殊句型与固定句式:1.wouldrather宁愿，但愿sbdid…与现在或将来情况相反sbhaddone…与过去情况相反Iwouldratheryoureturnedmemymoneynow.Iwouldratherwehadn’ttoldherthebadnews.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.2.asif/asthough思考：asif/asthough后面的句子是主句还是从句？Hebehavesasifhe______(own)thehouse.owned1).从句的动作与主句动作同时发生(可以理解成与现在事实相反)Hebehavesasifhe______(be)theownerofthehouse.wereShetalkedaboutRomeasthoughshe__________(be)thereherself.hadbeen2).从句的动作发生在主句动作之前(可以理解成与过去事实相反)Hecoughed(咳嗽)twiceasifsomeonewouldcome.他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。3).从句的动作发生在主句动作之后(可以理解成与将来事实相反)总结asif/asthough与现在事实相反:一般过去时(be用were)与过去事实相反:过去完成时与将来事实相反:would/could+V.原(了解)should与wish的宾语从句相似3.Itis(high/about)time(that)“是时候…...(做某事)”注意:should不能省略．sbdidsbshoulddo 是时候采取措施来保护环境了。 Itis(high/about)timethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment. 你该走了。 It’s(high/about)timethatyouwent/shouldgo.4.在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气It’snecessary/strange/natural(自然的,理应如此的)/important…+thatsb(should)do1).Itisimportantthatwe________________(master)aforeignlanguage.2).真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。It’s_______thatshe_______________tocometotheparty.3).鸟在树上安歇/休息是很自然的。Itis______thatabird_______________intrees.(should)master(should)refusestrangenatural(should)rest5.Ifonly…!要是……就好了Ifonly与现在事实相反:一般过去时(be用were)与过去事实相反:过去完成时Ifonlyitstoppedrainingnow!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!总结wish,wouldrather,asif/asthough,ifonly表虚拟时的共同点是： 时态往后退一步，同if虚拟条件句四.情态动词表示虚拟1.本想/打算做某事却没做2.本应该做某事却没做3.本不该做某事却做了4.本能够做某事却没做5.宁愿过去做了某事却没做6.最好过去做了某事却没做7.本不必做某事却做了wouldhavedoneshould/oughttohavedoneshouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedonecouldhavedonewouldratherhavedonehadbetterhavedoneneedn’thavedonemusthavedonemighthavedonecan’t/couldn’thavedone过去肯定发生了…过去可能发生了…过去不可能发生…1.insist,suggest2.asif/though3.if五.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况insist/suggest各有两种意思，用不同的语气insist:“坚决/持要求”用虚拟语气,即shoulddo;insist:“坚持认为,坚持说”用陈述语气suggest:“建议”用虚拟语气，即shoulddo;suggest:“表明、暗示”用陈述语气 1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________(practise)moreafterclass. 2.Herpalefacesuggeststhatshe_____(be)illtoday. 3.Heinsistedthatallofus___________(get)thereontimebyanymeans. 4.Heinsistedthathe_____________(notsteal)thediamond,andthatheshouldbesetfree. 他坚持说他没偷钻石，应该立刻被释放。(should)practiseis(should)gethadn’tstolenasif/asthough When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if itwerebroken. Thedarkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.If引导的条件句a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。Exercise 判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间Iadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish2Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould3.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.A.notwentB.won'tgoC.notgoD.nottogo4.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam____beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished5.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe___ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis6.Heinsistedhe______right.A.wereB.wasC.beD.is考题点击 Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.try B.tries C.musttryD.cantry2.Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists_____atonceforIraq.A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.tobeleft3.Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting______.A.shouldputoffB.wasputoffC.beputoffD.istoputoff4.Itishightimethechild______tothehospital.A.issent  B.wouldbesentC.mustbesentD.weresent　5.IfonlyI________drivingbefore.A.hadlearnedB.learned C.learn D.wouldlearn6.IwishI______abirdAisBwereCwillbeDare7.HowIwishthatI___themoonsometimeinthefuture.AhadvisitedBwouldvisitCvisitedDwillvisit8.I’dratheryou____ methenews.  A.nottell            B.nottotell                 C.didn’ttell         D.hadn’ttold1.背语法规则2.课时作业P36单选Homework****