Unit1《Friends》教案15（牛津译林八年级上）

8AUnit1重点讲解BestFriends最好的朋友Best最形容词最高级用于三者或更多之间的比较，意为“最”，形容词的最高级的构成可。如：Heisthestrongestinourclass．他是我班最强壮的。Ofallthestars，thesunisthenearesttous．在所有的恒星中，太阳离我们最近。Sheistheprettiestgirlinourschoo1.她是我们学校最漂亮的女孩。Theytookthesickboytothebesthospitalofthecity.他们把病孩送到市里最好的医院。makefriends交朋友，friend通常要用复数，与某人交朋友应用makefiendswithsb.如：Hemadefriendswithmybrotherlastyear．他去年我弟弟交了朋友。ShemadefriendswithEnglishpeopletoimproveherEnglish．为了提高她的英语，她与英国人交朋友。make和一些名词组成固定的短语，这些短语有固定的意思。如：makeenemies树敌makefaces做鬼脸makeamistake犯错误makefunofsb．取笑某人makedifference产生差异makealiving谋生2.SheisasslimasIam.她和我一样苗条as+形容词原级+as意为“和……一样……”。如：HeisasoldasI．他和我年龄一样大。Thisbookisasinterestingasthatone．这本书和那本书一样有趣。Myfamilyisaslarge9syourfamily.我家里人和你家里人一样多。[注]否定句可用as／so+形容词原级+as，意为“不如……”“不及……”。如：Heisnotas／sosmartasyou．他不如你那么神气。Iamnotas／socleverasyou．我不如你聪明。[注]肯定句中不能用so代替第一个as。错误Youaresohandsomeasyourbrother.正确Youareashandsomeasyourbrother．正确Youarenotas／sohandsomeasyourbrother．3.Wehavebeenbestfriendsforalongtime.我们很久以来一直是好朋友。havebeen这是be动词的现在完成时，意为“从过去到现在一直是…”。如：Ihavebeenateacherfortenyears．我当了十年老师。Wehavebeengoodfriendsformanyyears．我们已是多年的好朋友。Theyhavebeenbusyforalongtime．他们已忙了好长时间。[注]如果主语是第三人单数应用hasbeen来表达。如：Hehasbeenadoctorforfiveyears．他已当了五年的医生。Mybrotherhasbeenawayfromhomefortwomonths．我哥哥已两个月不在家4.Sheiswillingtosharethingswithherfriends.她愿意和她的朋友分享一切。Bewillingtodo意为“愿意干…”。其中willing是形容词，作表语，todo作形容词宾语。如：Iamwillingtoworkinthecountry.我愿意到乡下工作。Sheiswillingtohelpothers．她乐意帮助他人。Areyouwillingtotakethechildhome?你愿意送这孩子回家吗?b．表示“乐意做某事”还可用begladto，bereadyto表达。如：Heisalwaysgladtohelpme．他总是乐意帮助我。“Willyoucleantheblackboard?”“Yes，I’llbegladto．”“你擦黑板好吗?”“好的，我来擦。”[注]glad还可意为“高兴的”“满意的”。如：Gladtoseeyou．很高兴见到你。Iamgladabouttheresult．我对结果很满意。Bereadytodo与bewillingto同义，意为“愿意干……”LeiFengwasalwaysreadytohelpothers．雷锋总是乐意助人。HewasnotreadytobelieveitbecauseAristotlesaidit．他并未因为这是亚里斯多德说的就去相信它。Wearereadytogowheretheyneedus．我们愿意去那些需要我们的地方。Heisareadyhelper．他是一个乐于助人的人。[注]beready还可意为“准备好了”。如：Areyoureadytogo?你准备好出发了吗?Iamreadyforthejourney.我已作好旅途准备。ready还可作副词，意为“预先准备的”。如：ready-cookedfood熟食ready-madeclothes现成衣服sharewith与…分享shareout分派分配5.Shehelpsmewithmyhomeworkandshealwaysgivesseatstopeopleinneedonthebus.她帮助我做家庭作业，她总是把座位让给需要的人。helpsmewithmyhomework=helpsme（to）domyhomeworkInneed意为“有需求的”“处于需求状态的”。如：Afriendinneedisafriendindeed．患难之交是真正朋友。Wearereadytohelppeopleinneed．我们乐意帮助需要帮助的人们。Doctorsandnursesareingreatneed．急需医生和护士。[注]人作主语时应用beinneedofsth．表示“某人需要某物”。如：Iamingreatneedofmoney．我急需钱。Peoplethereareingreatneedofmedicine．那里的人急需药品。Onthebus意为“乘公交车”=bybus，但只能作状语，不能作谓语。Takeabus也意为“乘公交车”，作谓语和宾语。如：Itookabusthere．=Iwentthereona／thebus／bybus．我乘汽车去那里。Youmaytakeabushome．=Youmaygohomeonabus／bybus.你可以乘公交车回家。Hewilltakeabustothecinema．=Hewillgotothecinemaonabus／bybus.他将乘汽车去看电影。类似的还有：takeatrain／aplane／aship／aboattosplace=gotoaplacebytrain／plane／ship／boat=gotoaplaceonatrain／onaplane／onaship／inaboat6.Bettywantstobeasingerandtravelaroundtheworldwhenshegrowsup.贝蒂想当一个歌唱家，当她长大后，她想周游世界。travelaroundtheworld意为“周游世界”，其中around为介词，意为“围绕”。当around作介词、副词，意为“围绕”时可与round替换，但当around意为“大约”时不能与round的替换，round可作形容词，意为“圆的”，around则无此意思。如：aroundtable一张圆桌aroundteno’clock大约十点钟时aroundticket一张往返票aroundfivepounds大约五磅lookaround／round四下环顾travelaround／roundthecity在城市各处游览7.hehaspooreyesightbecauseoftoomuchcomputerworkatnight.由于晚上过多地使用电脑，他视力不好.pooreyesight弱视反义词goodeyesightBecauseof属介词，后接名词、代词宾格，动词的ing形式。意为“因为”“由于”，可与because状语从句转换，because后接主语、谓语等。Hestayedathomebecauseofhisillness．=Hestayedathomebecausehewasil1.因为生病，他呆在家里。Becauseofgettinguplate，hedidn’tcatchhistrain．=Becausehegotuplate，hedidn’tcatchhistrain．因为晚起，他没赶上火车。Sheleftschoolbecauseofherpoorfamily．=Sheleftschoolbecauseherfamilywaspoor．由于家境贫困，她辍学。Theboyhadanaccident．Becauseofit,helosthimlegs．=Becausehehadanaccident，theboylosthislegs．男孩出了车祸，因为这车祸，他失去了双腿。[注]because和becauseof句子中，都不能再出现so．错误Becauseofhisoldage／hewasold，sohestoppedworking·正确Becauseofhisoldage／hewasold，hestoppedworking．atnight在晚上inthenight在夜间onSundaynight在星期天的晚上8.Hewearssmall,roundglassesandtheymakehimlooksmart.Wear戴、穿的意思。通常接物，穿衣服，如Shewearsapairofnewshoestoday.wearglasses戴眼镜，作“穿”讲时一般不用被动。Wearoff逐渐消失wearout用破用坏磨损他戴一副小小的圆圆的眼镜，这使他显得很神气。Makehimlooksmart意为“使他看上去很神气”，其中make作使役动词，后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补语，能用这个结构的动词还有1et，help，see，watch等。如：Histeachermadehimdotheexerciseagain．他的老师让他重做了练习。Herfatherdidn’tletherwatchTVtoomuch．她父亲不让她看太多电视。Isawhimgooutjustnow．我看见他刚才出去的。Wewatchedtheglassesfalloffthetable．我们看着杯子从桌子掉下去。Thegirlhelpshermother(to)dothehousework．女孩帮助母亲干家务。[注]在help后的宾补中可用do也可用todo。9.Maxhasagoodsenseofhumour.迈克思有很好的幽默感。sense作名词，意为“感觉”“观念”等。如：Hehasagoodsenseofhumour．他有很好的幽默感。Pilotshaveagoodsenseofdirection．飞行员有好的方向感。Teachersusuallyhaveahighsenseofduty．老师通常有高度责任感。Artistshaveasenseofbeauty.艺术家有审美感。Hehasnosenseoftime．他没有时间观念。Thisisacommonsense．这是一个常识。sense可作及物动词，意为“觉察到”“意识到”等。如：Themotherwolfsenseddanger．母狼意识到了危险。Ididn’tsensehismeaning.我没有领会他的意识。Inasense从某种意义上说makesense讲得通，言之有理makesenseof弄懂…的意思10.Ineverfeelboredorunhappywhenheiswithme.当他和我在一起时，我从来不感到无聊和不快乐。bore作及物动词，意为“使厌倦”“使枯燥”。如：Hislongtalkboredthelisteners．他长时间的演讲使听众厌烦。Thelessonboredthestudents．那堂课使学生厌倦。Hismotherswordsboredhimtodeath．他母亲的话使他烦得要死。bored…todeath烦透了bored过去分词用作形容词，指人所处的状态。意为“感到厌倦”。如：Hefeltboredathome．他在家觉得很无聊。Areyoufeelingboredatdoingnothing?不做什么事的时候你觉得厌烦吗?boring形容词，指事物的性质。意为“令人厌烦的""无聊的”。如：Themanisboring．那个男的令人讨厌。Ithinkplayingcomputergamesisboring.我认为玩电脑游戏无聊。Thereportwasboring． 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 令人厌倦。Bore钻孔凿井挖通道巩固练习Ⅰ.单项选择1.--I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.--Oh,notatall.I________hereonlyafewminutes.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.will2.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,________somebooksinherhand.A.holdB.holdingC.bringD.carting3.--Whereareyougoing7--I'mgoingtomyaunt'housetohelpmyaunt________thedinnerparty.A.bereadyforB.gettingreadyC.getreadyforD.begettingready4.--MustIfinishthehomeworknow7--No,you________.Youcanfinishittomorrow.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.maynot5.Ioftenhelphim________hisEnglish.A.doingB.withC.todoD.learning6.We'regoingtogo________car.A.inFranceinJohn'sB.inFrancebyJohn'sC.toFranceinJohn'sD.toFrancebyJohn's7.Mostof________boysinourclassareinterestedin________physics.A./,/B.the,/C./,theD.the,the8.HestayedathomeonSunday________theheavyrain.A.becauseB.sinceC.becauseofD.asⅡ．中译英1.那条粉色的长裙非常适合她。2.吉姆的爷爷已经死了三午了。3.我们都很愿意参加这次运动会。4.整天做练习很枯燥。5.当我想起我的小狗的死，它使我很伤心。Ⅲ．阅读理解LenandJimworkedforthesamecompany(公司).OnedayLenlentJim$20,butthenJimlefthisjob(工作)andwenttoworkinanothertownwithoutpaying(没有还)back$20.Lendidn'tseeJimforayear,andthenheheardfromanotherfriendthatJimwasintownandstayingattheCentralHotel(市中心旅馆)，sohewenttoseehimtherelateintheevening.HefoundoutthenumberofJim'sroomfromtheclerk(服务员)atthedeskdownstairsandwentuptofindhim.Whenhegottotheroom,hesawJim'sshoesoutsidethedoor,waitingtobecleaned."Well,hemustbein,"hethoughtandknockedatthedoor.Therewasnoanswer.Heknockedagain.Thesamethinghappened.Thenhesaid,"Iknowyouarein,Jim.Yourshoesareouthere.""Iwentoutinmyslipper(拖鞋)",answeredavoice(声音)frominsidetheroom.1.Whycouldn'tLenaskJimtopayhimbacksoon?A.BecauseLendidn'twanthimtopayhimback.B.BecauseJimhadnomoney.C.BecauseJimlefthisjobandwenttoanothertown.D.BecauseLenwasrich.2.HowdidLenfindoutthatJimwasattheCentralHotel?A.JimtelephonedhimfromtheCentralHotel.B.Lenheardfromhimhimself.C.Lenheardfromanotherfriendofhis.D.OneoftheclerksattheCentralHoteltoldhim.3.HowdidhefindoutwhichJim'sroomwas?A.HefoundoutthenumberofJim'sroomatthedesk.B.HefoundoutthenumberofJim'sroomdownstairs.C.HefoundoutthenumberofJim'sroomfromtheclerkatthedeskdownstairs.D.HefoundoutthenumberofJim'sroomatthedoor.4.HowdidLenknowthatJimhadn'treallygoneoutinhisslippers?A.Jimspoketohimfrominsidetheroom.B.Theclerkatthedeskdownstairstoldhimaboutit.C.Afriendofhistoldhimaboutit.D.Lenheardthenoisefrominsidetheroom.IV.短文改错Lookatapictureiscolorful.1._________It'sonthewallofJimbedroom.Inthepicture2._________Wecanseeorangestrees.Andwecanseesome3._________birdsonthem.Someofthemarebig,someofthem4._________aresmall.Therearesomegirlsundertree.5._________ThegirlinredisreadingEnglish6._________book.Theoneintheyellowissinging.The7._________othersgirlsareplaying.Look!What'stheboydoing?8._________Heislookingatthesomething.Thereisaboy9._________behindhim.Heisflyingkite.Theyarehavingagoodtime.10._________参考答案I．1.选A。2.选B。holding手推着……，作伴随状语。3.选C。为……作准备。4.选C。回答must的否定句表示不必，用needn’t。5.选B。help．．．with结构。6.选C。inone’scar乘某人的车。7.选B。我们班的大部分男孩，范围定指，在学科前不加冠词。8.选C。只有becauseof后跟名词结构。Ⅱ．1.Thatpinkdresssuitsherverywell．2.Jim’sgrandpahasalreadybeendeadforthreeyears．3.Wearewillingtoattendthesportsmeet(meeting)．4.Doingexerciseallthedayisveryboring.5.Whenlthinksofthedeathofmylittledog.Ifeelsadatit．Ⅲ．1．C2．C3．C4．AⅣ．1．LookLooking2．Jim’Jim’s3．oranges’orange4．onin5．在tree前加the6．在English前加an7．the去掉8．others’other9．the去掉10．kite前加a学∵优﹥中╬考≧，网