小学英语语法点汇总

语法及练习1be动词Be动词的用法：Am--wasIs--wasAre--were口诀：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,复数全用are肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.一般疑问句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren't.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren't.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn用恰当的be动词填空。Iaboy.youaboy?No,Inot.ThegirlJack'ssister.Thedogtallandfat.Themanwithbigeyesateacher.yourbrotherintheclassroom?Whereyourmother?Sheathome.Howyourfather?MikeandLiuTaoatschool.Whosedressthis?Whosesocksthey?Thatmyredskirt.WhoI?Thejeansonthedesk.Hereascarfforyou.Heresomesweatersforyou.TheblackglovesforSuYang.ThispairofglovesforYangLing.Thetwocupsofmilkforme.Someteaintheglass.Gaoshan'sshirtoverthere.Mysister'snameNancy.ThisnotWangFang'spencil.DavidandHelenfromEngland?Thereagirlintheroom.Theresomeapplesonthetree.thereanykitesintheclassroom?thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?Theresomebreadontheplate.Thereaboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.You,heandIfromChina.语法及练习2人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2.物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词一.填写代词表主格。Iitweyouthemhisyourhers二.用所给词的适当形式填空。Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)Isthiswatch?(you)No,it'snot.(I)ismybrother.nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)Herearemanydolls,whichoneis?(she)Icanfindmytoy,butwhere's?(you)Showyourkite,OK?(they)Ihaveabeautifulcat.nameisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)Arethesetickets?No,arenot.aren'there.(they)11.Shallhavealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)ismyaunt.Doyouknowjob?anurse.(she)Thatisnotcamera.isathome.(he)Whereare?Ican’tfind.Let’scallp(they)Don’ttouch.notacat,atiger!sisterisill.Pleasegoandget.(she)don’tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell.(we)Somanydogs.Let’scounte_y__).(thIhavealovelybrother.isonly3.Ilikeverymuch.(he)MayIsitbeside?(you)Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon.(it)Thegirlbehindisourfriend.(she)语法及练习3名词复数和动词三单一、名词复数规则.一般情况下，直接力口-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds.以s.x.sh.ch结尾，力口-es,女口：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches.以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries.以“或fe'结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es,如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese练习：写出下列各词的复数。Ihimthisherwatchbookchildphotodiarydayfootdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefyo-yopeachsandwichmanwomanpaperpeople二．动词三单的变化规则.一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，力口-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes.以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies练习:写出下列动词的第三人称单数。drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushteach语法及练习4一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday我每天六点起床。.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)琪它。如：Iamaboy我是一个男孩。.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)0寸，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?一般现在时用法专练:一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Heoften(have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.they(like)theWorldCup?Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike(like)cooking.They(have)thesamehobby.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.I(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.Thechildoften（watch）TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang（have）eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday（be）ittoday?－It’sSaturday.二、按照要求改写句子。DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.改为否定句）Idomyhomeworkeveryday.做为一般疑问句，作否定回答）Shelikesmilk.（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）Amylikesplayingcomputergames.改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）Wegotoschooleverymorning.改为否定句）HespeaksEnglishverywell.改为否定句）Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（X寸划线部分提问）JohncomesfromCanada对划线部分提问）Sheisalwaysagoodstudent改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.做为否定句）三、改错（划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays.语法及练习5现在进行时现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：playrunswimmakegolikewriteskireadhavesingdanceputseelovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.Whatyou(do)now?Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They(not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.It’s5o’clocknow.We(have)suppernowHelen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：Theyaredoinghousework.分别改成一般疑问句和否定句()Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回(答)I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground对划线部分进行提问)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.对划线部分进行提问()语法及练习6将来时将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,arel后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.I'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提至U句首，some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.—Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。.问人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoorrr^WhosgoingtoNewYorksoon..问干什么。What…do例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.—Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon..问什么时候。When.例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine^Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.WhatyoudonextMonday?Iplaybasketball.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattimeyoumeet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancygoingtogocamping.I'llgoandjointhem；否定）Igojointhem.Imgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.一般疑问句）togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30（改一般疑问句）.meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）sheafterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorro恫上）goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We（have）apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother(go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He(go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)insects?It’sFridaytoday.Whatshe(do)thisweekend?She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.What(d0)youdolastSunday?I(pick)applesonafarm.What(do)nextSunday?I(milk)cows.Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.I(plan)formystudynow.语法及练习7一般过去时一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在——般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasn')t⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren)t⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn't动词原形，如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked.结尾是e力Dd,如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再力口-ed,如：stop-stopped4.以辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式is\amflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdoBe动词的过去时练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空。IanEnglishteachernow.Shehappyyesterday.Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancygoodfriends.Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.ThereasignonthechaironMonday.TodaythesecondofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.ItChildren’sDay.Allthestudse_n_tveryexcited.二、句型转换。Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：三、中译英。1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。行为动词的过去时练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空。I(watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.GaoShan(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换。1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：三、中译英。格林先生去年住在中国。昨天我们参观了农场。他刚才在找他的手机。过去时综合练习(1)用动词的适当形式填空。It(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.Helen(milk)acowonFriday.Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read)Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)Jim’smother(plant)treesjustnow.they(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they.I(watch)acartoononMonday.We(go)toschoolonSunday.中译英。我们上周五看了一部电影。他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。过去时综合练习一、用动词的适当形式填空。It(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite(go)tohisofficebycar.GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.Don’tthehouse.Mumityesterday.(clean)Whatyoujustnow?Isomehousework.(do)They(make)akiteaweekago.Iwanttoapples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth.(pick)hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)She(be)aprettygirl.Look,she(do)Chinesedances.Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.WhatMikedoonthefarm?Hecows.(milk)二、中译英。他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。语法及练习8Therebe句型与have,hasTherebe句型与have,has的区别1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is;主语是复数，be动词用are;如有几件物品，be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Howmany+名词复数+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What’s+介词短语？Fillintheblankwith“have,has”or“thereis,thereare”Iagoodfatherandagoodmother.atelescopeonthedesk.Heatape-recorder.abasketballintheplayground.Shesomedresses.Theyanicegarden.Whatdoyou?areading-roominthebuilding?WhatdoesMike?anybooksinthebookcase?Myfatherastory-book.astory-bookonthetable.anyflowersinthevase?Howmanystudentsintheclassroom?Myparentssomenicepictures.somemapsonthewall.amapoftheworldonthewall.Davidatelescope.David’sfriendssometents.manychildrenonthehill.Fillintheblankwith“have,has”Ianicepuppet.Heagoodfriend.Theysomemasks.Wesomeflowers.Sheaduck.Myfatheranewbike.Hermotheravase.OurteacheranEnglishbook.Ourteachersabasketball.TheirparentssomeblanketsNancymanyskirts.Davidsomejackets.Myfriendsafootball.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zWhatdoyou?WhatdoesMike?Whatdoyourfriends?WhatdoesHelen?Hisbrotherabasketball.Hersisteranicedoll.MissLianEnglishbook.