Unit1Greatscientists李仕才一、阅读理解ACryingisthesignoftherawestofhumanemotions.Wecrywhenwecan'tholdinsidewhatwefeelanymore.Wecrywhenwe'reatourbest,andwhenwe'reatourworst.Bywe,Imeanallofus.Menincluded.Butweneverseeothermencry.Innowesternculturehasiteverbeenacceptableformentoshed(哭泣)morethanasingletear,andeventhenit'sreservedforgrandvictories,defeatsanddeaths.Dutchresearchsuggeststhatwomencrybetweenthreeandfivetimesmorethanmen.Generallymenandwomencryoverthesamethings—deaths,break-upsandhomesickness,primarily,butresearchersbelievethatmencrymoreoftenthanwomenwhenitcomestopositiveevents.IwanttoadmitI'mabitofacryer.However,havingneverreallyexperienceddeathsinmylife,afewweeksagoIexperiencedwhatitmeanstoreally,truly,pourmyheartoutintears.See,mydog—and24/7companion—waskilledbyacarrightoutsideBeingawitnesstothispainfuleventleftmeinshockforagoodhour,butthenthefloodgatesopened.Overthenext48hours,Imighthavecried20times.OnceortwiceIcrouched(蹲)onthefloorwithmyheadinmyhandsandtearsweretheonlyoutlet.ItissuggestedinthebookAdultCrying:ABiopsychosocialApproachthatthere'scertainpleasureincrying.Ithelpseasestresswhenthereisnootherwaytoexpressourselves.myhouse.Inthosedaysaftermydog'sdeath,Irememberthinking,“I'vegottostopthiscrying”.Itfeltunmanly.Itfeltlikeasignofweakness.I'vesincerealisedthattearsareforeverybody;they'renotgender-specific.Theyshowwehavesympathy,allowustogetridofstressandjustfeel.【文章粗心】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的狗遭受车祸，作者痛哭不已，悲伤欲绝。以后作者意识到呜咽是开释压力的方式。【难句剖析】However,havingneverreallyexperienceddeathsinmylife,afewweeksagoIexperiencedwhatitmeanstoreally,truly,pourmyheartoutintears.(第三段第二句)剖析：该句为主从复合句。该句中whatitmeanstoreally,truly,pourmyheartoutintears为what指引的宾语从句；havingneverreallyexperienceddeathsinmylife为此刻分词短语作原由状语。译文：但是，我在生活中素来没有真实领会过死亡，数周前的一次体验让我知道死亡真的意味着声泪俱下和撕心裂肺的感觉。Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Cryingisarawhumanemotion.B．Cryingisanemotionbeyondcontrol.C．Cryingisanemotionshowingsadness.D．Cryingisanemotionshowinghappiness.
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八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案
与分析：A'考察段落粗心。通读该段可知，该段第一句“Cryingisthesignoftherawestofhumanemotions”为该段的主
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快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题
句。联合该段其余内容可知，该段主要阐述“哭泣是人类最自然的感情表露”，故A项正确。2.What'sthedifferencebetweenmenandwomenincryingaccordingtoDutchresearch?A．Theycryoverdifferentmatters.B．Theycryatdifferenttimesoflife.C．Womencrymoreoftenoverdeaths.D．Menaremorelikelytohavetearsofjoy.答案与分析：D'考察细节理解。由题干重点词“Dutchresearch”定位至第二段，依据第二段的“butresearchersbelievethatmencrymoreoftenthanwomenwhenitcomestopositiveevents”可知，男女呜咽的差别是男子对于踊跃事物的呜咽频次要比妇女高，故D项正确。3.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhiscryingoverhisdog'sdeath?A．Asignofstrength.B．Asignofweakness.C．Behaviorofbeingwomanish.D．Awayofreducingemotionalstress.答案与分析：D'考察细节理解。依据第六段，特别是最后一句“Theyshowwehavesympathy,allowustogetridofstressandjustfeel.”可知，作者意识到呜咽是减轻感情压力的方式，故D项正确。What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Men,nevercrylikewomen2B．Men,it'sOKtocrysometimesC．CryingsolvespsychologicalproblemsD．Cryingexplainsdifferencesbetweenmenandwomen答案与分析：B'考察标题判断。通读全文内容特别是第一段第一句“Cryingisthesignoftherawestofhumanemotions”和本文最后一句“Theyshowwehavesympathy,allowustogetridofstressandjustfeel”可知，本文阐述的中心是“呜咽是人类最自然的感情表露，是减少感情压力的方式”，据此能够判断，B项最合适作文章标题。BYouuseherasashouldertocryon.Shetextsyoubackwithcasualjokes.Butshe,Xiaoice,isonlyavirtualchatbot（虚构聊天机器人）.Xiaoice,Microsoft’slatestartificialintelligencerobot,wasbrieflyreleasedin2014,andreturnedtoWeChatin2015,whereshebecameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemessageswithherdaily,TheNewYorkTimesreported.OnWeChat,Xiaoiceisanofficialaccount.Afterfollowingit,userscanstarttext-basedconversationswithXiaoice.＂HerincrediblelearningabilitywaswhypeoplelovedtotalkwithXiaoice,＂LiuJinchang,aresearcheratHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentCenterundertheMinistryofScienceandTechnology,toldChinaDaily.Apartfromherabilitytoidentifyphotosandsendemojis（表情符号）inconversations,Xiaoicegains45percentofherknowledgefrominteractingwithusers,ChinaDailyreported.Chatbotprogramsfirstappearedinthemid-1960sintheUS.Drivenbytoptechcompanies,theyarebecomingsmarterandmorecommon.Forinstance,IBM’slatestartificialintelligenceprogramservedasanacademicconsultantatAustralia’sDeakinUniversity,answeringstudents’questionsaboutcourseschedulesandfinancialaid.Apple’sSiriandAmazon’sAlexahavebeenusedasvoiceassistantswhocanreadnews,playmusicandevenmakejokesfortheirusers.Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyondsmartphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,TheNewYorkTimespointedout.However,itmaytakedecadesbeforescientistsdevelopa＂Samantha＂,theadvancedchatbotseeninthefictionfilmHer.Inthefilm,SamanthahasaromanticrelationshipwithheruserplayedbyUSactorJoaquinPhoenix.Manyviewerswereenthusiasticaboutthisfantasyofvirtualsoul3mates.1.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?A.Shebecameabestseller.B.Shebecameverypowerful.C.Shebecameamoneymaker.D.Shebecameverypopular.2.WhichofthefollowingcanXiaoicedo?A.Dohousework.B.Spreadmessages.C.Identifyvariousphotos.D.Readnewstoitsusers.3.Whichcompany’schatbotprogramcanactasanacademicconsultant?A.Microsoft.B.IBM.C.Apple.D.Amazon.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Chatbotswillbeappliedtocarssoon.B.Chatbotsmainlyrunonsmartphonesnow.C.SamanthaisplayedbyaUSactorinthefilm.D.ThefilmHerdoesn’tinterestmanyaudience.【文章粗心】本文叙述的是人工智能程序的发展状况。列举了微信上的聊天程序大受欢迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成为顾问，可是当前这类程序主要应用在智好手机上，人们期望它未来能够在手机以外的地方使用。1.D【分析】推理判断题。依据shebecameabighit.MillionsofyoungChinesenowexchangemessageswithherdaily可知，她在微信上大受欢迎，好多中国人都喜爱与她聊天，故选D。3.B【分析】细节理解题。依据第四段中IBM’slatestartificialintelligenceprogramservedasanacademicconsultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序能够作为学术顾问，应选B。4.B【分析】推理判断题。依据最后一段中Theseprogramsareexpectedtomovebeyond4smartphones,intotelevisions,carsandlivingrooms,可知，人们期望这些程序除了智好手机以外，也能应用在电视、汽车、起居室等地，所以当前是主要应用在智好手机上，应选B。二、七选五Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.1Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon’tcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn’tdifficult.2Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.3Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou’restandingattheocean’sedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn’tfresh.4Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you’dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon’tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn’tastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.5First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,it’sreadytoserve.A.Donotbuyit.B.Theeasiestistosteamit.C.Thisishowyoucandoit.D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.【语篇解读】本文向大家介绍了怎样用简单的方法购置和烹制鱼。1.G【分析】考察与首句语意的一致性。由空后的句意表示转折可知，转折前的句子在语意上应当保持一致，即说明吃鱼对健康的好处。应选G。52.D【分析】考察句子的承前启后作用。空前一句提到对鱼的选购、储藏和烹制其实不困难，空后一句讲本文是对于怎样以一种简单的方式购置和烹制鱼的，应选D＂这只要要一点点知识就能做好＂。3.F【分析】考察主题句。段落的支撑细节一直环绕主题句睁开，本段中第二、三句环绕怎样经过嗅觉来鉴识鱼能否新鲜，所以能够判断F项正确。4.A【分析】考察段落中句子间语意的连结性和代词的正确使用。空前提到，浓郁的气味说明鱼已不新鲜，故不可以买这类鱼。据此可知A项正确。三、短文改错Therearemanypeoplethinkthatwealthisbetterthanhealth.IusedtothinksountilonedayIhadreadastoryaboutHowardJoyce.HewasanEuropeanbillionairewhogoteverythinghewanted.Therefore，inthelasttwentyyearsofhislife，hishealthbegantogetworseandheledamiserablylife.Althoughthebestdoctorscalledforhim，hecouldstillfindnorelief.Ihaverealizedthathealthisworthallthemoneyintheworld.Ifyouhavemillionofdollarsbutyouareatpoorhealth，youwillnotbeabletodowhatyouwanttodo.SoIwouldliketoadviseyounottohurtyourselftotryingtomakemoney.Instead，takecareofyourbodyandbehappywithwhichyoudo.Healthismoreimportant.【答案】thinkTherearemanypeoplewho/thinkingthatwealthisbetterthanhealth.IusedtoanthinksountilonedayIhad﹨readastoryaboutHowardJoyce.HewasEuropeanaThereforebillionairewhogoteverythinghewanted.However，inthelasttwentyyearsofhismiserablylife，hishealthbegantogetworseandheledalife.Althoughthebestmiserabledoctors∧forhim，hecouldstillfindnorelief.Ihaverealizedthathealthwerecalledisworthallthemoneyintheworld.Ifyouhavemillionofdollarsbutyouareatmillionsinpoorhealth，youwillnotbeabletodowhatyouwanttodo.SoIwouldliketoadviseyounottohurtyourselftotryingmakemoney.Instead，takecareofyourbodyandtotrybehappywithwhichyoudo.Healthismoreimportant.what6第一处：think前面加who或think改为thinking。考察定语从句或此刻分词。剖析该句构造可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为manypeople，故用who指引该定语从句；因manypeople和think为主动关系，故也能够用此刻分词thinking作manypeople的后置定语。第二处：删除had。考察时态。依据该句中的“usedto”和“untiloneday”可知，该句陈说的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。第三处：an→a。考察冠词。European的读音以辅音音素开头，故用a。第四周：Therefore→However。考察副词。上文说他是一位欧洲亿万富豪，获取了他想要的一切，该句说在他生命里的最后二十年，他的健康状况变得愈来愈糟。上下文为转折关系，故用However。第五处：miserably→miserable。考察形容词。life为名词，故应用形容词miserable修饰。第六处：called前面加were。考察主谓一致、时态和语态。主语thebestdoctors为复数且和动词call之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；这里叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用were。第七处：million→millions。考察固定搭配。millionsof为固定搭配，表示“很多”。第八处：at→in。考察介词。inpoorhealth为固定搭配，意为“身体不好”。第九处：trying→try。考察动词不定式。此处是动词不定式表目的，故to后应用动词原形try。第十处：which→what。考察宾语从句。剖析该句构造可知，with后接宾语从句，连结词在从句中作do的宾语，故用what。四、语法填空Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(rest).Instead,sheisearning￡6500adayas62modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,＂MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school769(come)first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon’twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan’tmodelanymore.＂【文章粗心】本文主要介绍了SarahThomas在学业和诱人的职业眼前所做出的选择，她以为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。61.resting62.a【分析】考察冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限制词，而此处泛指＂一个＂，故填a。63.wastold/hasbeentold64.who【分析】考察定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺乏主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。65.toprove【分析】考察非谓语动词。wanttodosth.想要做某事。66.education【分析】考察词形变换。形容词性物主代词后边应当接名词形式。67.invitations【分析】考察名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。68.in【分析】考察介词。in表示＂在某方面＂，获取某项学位＂getadegreein＂。69.comes【分析】考察动词。依据语境可知Sarah以为当下应当是学业第一，说明此刻的状况应当用一般此刻时。70.certainly【分析】考察副词。修饰动词应当用副词形式，故填certainly。8
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