英语名词PPT课件

Topic:nountheuseofnoun(名词的用法）名词的分类名词的所有格名词的主谓一致可数名词不可数名词普通名词专有名词Page*可数名词和不可数名词可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如：box,child,orange；不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water,milkfruitcerealsoupjuicecoffeecokepopmoneybreadsugarsaltnewsoil英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。flowerflowers规律我来说bookbookswatchesboxesbusesbrushesfactoriesbabybabiesfactoryleafwolfwolvesleavesknifeknives记取f(e)结尾的名词复数　　妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌;　　躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮眼光。找规律tomatoespotatoesheroesnegroes巧记以-o结尾加-es的词Negroesandheroesliketoeatpotatoesandtomatoesradiosphotos找规律zoospianos特殊：除negroes,heroes,potatoes，tomatoes外，所有以o结尾的单词+sradioszoosphotos一般情况词尾+sbookspencilsa.以s,x，ch，sh结尾的+esbuses，boxes，watches，brushesb.以辅音+y结尾的，把y改成i+escity—citiesfamily—families但是元音+y结尾的，直接+sboys，keysc.以f，fe结尾的把f，fe改为v，再加eslife—livesknife—knivesd.以o结尾的，有生命的+es,无生命的+stomato—tomatoespotato—potatoesphoto—photospiano—pianos名词的复数的规则不规则变化child--childrenwoman--womenman--mengoose--geesemouse--micefoot--feetdeersheepdeer，sheep，fish，li，jin，yuan,Japanese,Chinese等的单复数同形.Yuan国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数中国人theChineseaChinese　twoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustralians　anAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermantwoGermans英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes中日不变，英法变，其他国人加S根据所给单词的正确形式填空：1.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferent_____.(idea)2.Ioftengotoworkon.(foot)3.Iknowoneofthe.(boy)4.Mr.Browniswearingapairof.(glass)5.Pleasegivethemtheir.(photo)6.Arethereanyinthebox?(watch)7.Therearetwelveinayear.(month)ideasfootboysglassesphotoswatchesmonths8.Wouldyoulikesome?(tomato)9.Lookatthoseintheboats!(people)10.Look!Thearesinging.(woman)11.September10thisDay.(teacher)12.Jimhassome.(knife)13.Howmucharethese?(vegetable)14.Myschoolistwenty________walkfromhere.(minute)15.Thegirlunderthetreeisafriendof________.(Lucy)Lucy’sminutes’vegetablestomatoespeoplewomenTeachers’knivesIhavetwo___and___.A.leg,feetB.legs,footsC.legs,feetHowmany___arethereinthecity?A.factoriesB.factorysC.factorisD.factory3.Trees___alwaysgreenintheSouth.A.isB.areC.willbeD.were4.Youmustcleanyour____everyday.A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.teeths5.There____lotsofbreadonthetable.A.isB.areC.wereD.be CABBA6.Therearetwo_____andthree_____inourschool.A.Frenchmen,GermenB.Frenchmen,GermansC.Frenchmas,GermansD.Russian,Americans7.Many____areplayinginthepark.A.childrenB.childsC.boyD.peoples8.Themeat____notgood.Butthenews____interestingA.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are9.Icanseemany____onthehill.A.sheepsB.cowC.sheepesD.sheep10.Hegoestoschool_____everyday.A.onfeetB.onfootC.byfootD.byacarBACDB11.Yourclothes____verybeautiful.A.isB.areC.beD.haveMybrotherhastwo_____.A.knifeB.knifesC.forkD.knives13.There____apairoftrousersonthebed.A.isB.areC.wereD.have14.Wouldyoulike__________?A.amilkB.aglassofmilkC.somemilksBringmetwo___paper,please.A.pieceofB.pieceC.piecesofBDABC不可数名词（不可以计数，前面不可以有定冠词和数词，没有复数形式）eg.awatersomefoodsamoneythreemoneys(×)(×)(×)(×)abottleofjuiceaglassoforangetwoboxesofmilk不可数名词不可数名词如果要表示可数必须与量词连用，常用词有：apieceof一张/块/则abottleof一瓶acupof一杯aglassof一玻璃杯eg.apieceofpaperabottleofwaterthreepiecesofbreadEx:一杯牛奶两瓶橙汁三则新闻四张纸五块面包acupofmilktwobottlesoforangethreepiecesofnewsfourpiecesofpaperfivepiecesofbread6.Pleasegiveme_____.I’mthirstyA.ateaB.apieceofbreadC.acupoftea7.Hello,Ihave_______totellyou.A.twopieceofnewsesB.twonewsC.twopiecesofnewsD.twopiecesofnewses8.Don’tworry.Thereis_____left.A.sometimesB.manytimeC.muchtimeD.anytime9.Howmany_____canyousee?A.bottleoforangesB.bottlesoforangeC.bottlesoforangesD.bottleoforangecCCB名词所有格一、有生命的名词所有格：’s+名词“的”a.当名词不是s结尾时，用’sLucy’shair/mymother’sbaglucy的头发/我妈妈的袋子b.当名词是s结尾时，则用s’students’reading–room学生们的阅览室workers’club工人俱乐部注意：Women’sDay妇女节Children’sDay儿童节Teachers’Day教师节c.表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，加’s构成所有格fiveminutes’walk=afive-minutewalkeightmiles’journey=an8-milejourneyd.双重所有格:of+名词所有格/of+名词性的物主代词afriendofmine,anoldphotoofmyfather’s.e.共同所有格与个体所有格：共有的东西,所有格也共有;分开的东西,所有格也分开.She’sTomandJim’smother.(同一个母亲)They’reTom’sandJim’smothers.(各自的母亲)二、表示无生命的名词所有格用“of“教室的门thedooroftheclassroom山顶thetopofthehill树叶theleavesofthetree名词只变数，不分主宾格。人和动物类，可变所有格撇(’)后加s，相当汉语“的”。时间、距离等，也变所有格名词所有格，表物是“谁的”，若为生命词，加“’s”即可，词尾有s，仅把逗号择;并列名词后，各自和共有，前者分别加，后者最后加;若为无生命词，of所有格，前后须倒置，此是硬规则。1.Isthis____book?A.LileiB.Lilei’sC.lileis’2.Thisis_____car.A.SmithB.Smith’sC.Smiths’3.Therearesome_____inthepark.A.manteachersB.menteacherC.menteachersD.boysstudents4.That’smy_________.A.brother’sandsister’sbikeB.brotherandsister’sbikeC.brother’sandsister’sbikes5.Ittakesme____walktogotoschoolA.fiveminutes’B.fiveminute’sC.fiveminutesBBCBAPage*1、谓语和主语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如：Thebookisold.(这本书是旧的）Thewaterisverycold.(水很冷)2、集体名词(如family,class,team,group,row,police,school等)做句子主语时,①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：ClassThreeisaverygoodclass.(三班是好班)②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,、如：ClassThreehaveamapofChina(三班有张中国地图)名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题Page*4、maths,news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：Thenewsisveryexciting.(这个消息令人兴奋)5、glasses,shoes,socks,trousers（裤子）,gloves（手套）等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。Theshoesareverycheap(这鞋子很便宜)6、alotof后面跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：Alotofstudentsareplayingfootballnow.(现在有许多学生在踢足球)Alotofwaterisinthecup.(杯子里有许多水）)Page*7、and连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数如：Theteacherandhissonareflyingkites.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)8、therebe句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：Thereisatableintheroom.Therearefourchairsintheroom.Thereisatableandfourchairsintheroom.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)Page*9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如：BothyouandIaregoodfriends(你和我是好朋友）10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：Awomanwithherchildisinthecar(一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子在车里)Page*11、either…or…或者neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：Eitheryouorheisright.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的)NeitheryounorIamgoingthere.(你和我都不打算去那里)12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如：Twomonthsisnotashorttime.(两个月不是个短时间)Twothousandkilometersisquitealongdistance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)Page*主语中含有halfof…threequartersof…all(of)the….等词语时,谓语的单复数由of后名词的单复数来确定,如：Allofthewaterisdirty.(这些水是脏的)Halfofthesestudentsaregirls.指点迷津Tenyears______(is,are)shorttimeforme.Apairofshoes______(is,are)underthebed.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool_____(is,are)2,000.Thewomanwithtwochildren______(is,are)cominghere.NeitherhenorI____(is,am)anAmerican.isamisisis指点迷津6.Maths______(are,is)hardtolearnfortheboy.7.Theyareall_______________(woman,teachers;womenteachers).8.ThepopulationofChina_______(are,is)over1,300,000,000.9.Therearemany______(peoples,people)inthestreetinsummer.10.Oneofthestudents______(have,has)gonetoShanghai.isiswomenteacherspeoplehas1.Several_____aretalking underthetree．Andtheyare______.A．woman;childrenB．woman;childC．women;children2.—Howfarisyourschoolfromhere？—Notveryfar．It'sabouttwentywalk.A．minute's B．minutes C．minutes' 3.Therearethreeinmyfamily.A.peopleB.personC.child4.Moststudentscangotocollegeforfurtherinourcity.A.educationB.informationC.science5.Thisisbedroom.Thetwinsisterlikeitverymuch.A.AnnandJaneB.AnnandJane’sC.Ann’sandJane’sCCAABTheBrownsisgoingtovisitChina.()TheBrownsaregoingtovisitChina.()Theyoungisdancingthere.()Theyoungaredancingthere.()Physicsareverydifficulttolearn.()Physicsisverydifficulttolearn.()WehavefiveGermeninthismeeting.()WehavefiveGermansinthismeeting.()ThisisoneoftheEnglish-Chinesedictionary.()ThisisoneoftheEnglish-Chinesedictionaries.()√√√√√ⅩⅩⅩⅩⅩ()1.Pleasegiveme______paper. A.oneB.apieceC.aD.apieceof()2.Thistableismadeof_______.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass()3.Billrunsfast.Hewonthe _____800-metreraceyesterday.A．boysB．boys’C．boyD．boy‘s.()4.Some______cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.Germanies()5.Inthepicturetherearemany______andtwo_______. A.sheeps;foxesB.sheeps;foxesC.sheep;foxesD.sheep;foxsDDBAC选择填空：()6.Thisisnotmycap,butmy_______.A.brothersB.brother’sC.brothers’D.brother()7.Theywritemostoftheir_______inEnglish.A.businessletterB.businesslettersC.businessesD.businessesletters()8._____are____forcuttingthings.A.Knife,usedB.Knives,usingC.Knife,usingD.Knives,used(　)9.Johnbought_____forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoe C.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes()10.Excuseme,whereisthe______?A.men'sroomB.mens'roomC.men'sroomsD.menrooms BBDAA名词的数的变化，不可数名词作主语时的谓语名词所有格名词的句法功能cn.of双重所有格主语、宾语表语、同位语、定语量词的单复数单独出现用单数'sun.