U校园新视野新视野大学英语1读写教程答案Units8(1)

StudentA:Iprefertohavefriendswhocansharemyjoyandsadness.I'magirl.Girlsliketosharetheirsecretswitheachother,becausethiscanbringthemcloser.That'swhyIhavefarmorefemalefriendsthanmalefriends.IfinditeasiertosharemyfeelingswithmygirlfriendsbecauseIfindtheyaresensitivetomyfeelings.Ihaveonlyafewmalefriendsandtheyseldomsharetheirfeelingswithme.However,whenIknowtheyhaveaproblem,Itrytotalkwiththemandsharetheirfeelings.Generallyspeaking,Ithinkfemalefriendsaremuchcloserandmoreemotionallyattachedwhilemalefriendsenjoydoingactivitiestogether.StudentB:Asaboy,ImaybedifferentfromyouwhenIchooseandtreatafriend.Unlikeyou,Iliketomakefriendswithpeoplewhocansharemylifeattitude.Ibelievefriendshipshouldbebasedonthecompatibilityofoutlook.Aslongaswesharethesameoutlookonlife,Idon'tcareifmyfriendismaleorfemale.That'swhyIhaveapproximatelythesamenumberoffemalefriendsandmalefriends.Ofcourse,justasyoutreatyourmalefriendsandfemalefriendsdifferently,Ialsotreattheminadifferentway.Asaboy,Idomanyactivitieswithmymalefriendsbuttalkalotwithmyfemalefriends.IlovemyfriendsandI'mhappytohelpthem,maleorfemale.Whenafemalefriendhasapersonalproblem,I'dbehappytohelphermakeadecisionasIdotomymalefriends.Soingeneral,Ithinkthereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenmalefriendshipandfemalefriendship.1.Hisfemalefriendslookstraightintohiseyes,sensitivetohisfeelings,andlistentohimwithdeliberateattention.2.Becauseheandhismalefriendsdon'ttalkmuch;instead,theyshowtheirfriendshipbywhattheydo.3.Theyexpressedtheirfeelingsinactionsratherthaninwords.4.HerealizedhowmuchhelovedJessicaandwhatanirreplaceablefriendshewas.5.Withwomen,hecouldbeopen,emotionallyhonest,andtransparentwhilewithmen,hecouldn'texpresshiscaringfeelingsnomatterhowdeepthefriendshipwas.6.Intermsofnature,menandwomenarebornwithverydifferentgenetictendencies.Intermsofnurture,thesegenetictendenciesarefurtherencouragedbysocietyaseither"masculine"or"feminine".7.Mentendtobemorerestrainedwithemotionalexpressionsthanwomen.8.Becausehewasassuredthathewasa"normalguy"anditwasfineforhimtotreathisfemalefriendsandmalefriendsindifferentways.1.Iusuallydon'tchooseafriend.Theycometome.Inthebeginning,theymayjustbemyschoolmatesorcolleagues.However,oncewediscoverthatwesharesomevaluesorbeliefs,webecomefriends.Ivaluemeritssuchashonesty,truthfulness,generosity,humor,faithfulness,andmostimportantofall,willingnesstohelpothers.Iexpectmyfriendstohavesomeofthesevirtues,ifnotall.ThiswayIcanlearnfromthemandimprovemyownpersonalqualities.2.•Yes,theycanbetruefriendsaslongastheoldergenerationandtheyoungergenerationtrytheirbesttounderstandeachother.Forexample,Iaminmy20s,butIhavemadesomegoodfriendswithpeopleintheir50sor60s.Theseolderfriendstrytheirbesttoputthemselvesintheshoesofyoungerpeople,andtheyaremoretolerantandconsiderate.Forme,Irespectthemastheyhavemuchmoreexperienceandadvicetooffer.I'malsohappytoprovidemyseniorfriendswithnovelideas.Theyappreciateitalot.That'showourfriendshipdevelops.  •Itishardforpeopleofdifferentgenerationstobecometruefriends.Whiletheymaysharesomehobbiesorinterests,theyoftendon'thavemuchforconversationduetodifferentbackgroundsandlifeexperiences.Anotherproblemisthattheydon'thavethesamecircleoffriendsorpeers.Mostimportantofall,theymaynotsharethesamevaluesandoutlooksonlife.Therefore,truefriendsarerarebetweengenerationswithabigagegap.3.Menandwomendifferalotintheirbehaviorandcommunicationstyles.Whiletheirphysicaldifferencesplayabasicrole,thereareotherfactorswhichcancausesuchdifferences.Thefollowingaresomeexamples:  •Theyhavedifferentsocialimagesandroles;  •Theysharedifferentvaluesoflife;and  •Theyhavedifferentemotionalandrationalprocesses.4.Menandwomenhavedifferentcommunicationstyles,andeachstyleisadvantageousinitsownway.Womenliketospeakouthowtheyfeel.Theirdirectwayofcommunicationmayhelpthemstartafriendshipmoreeasily.Forwomen,communicationismoreefficient,especiallyindealingwithdifficultsituations.Incomparison,mentendtosaylessbutdomorefortheirfriends.Itmaytakealongertimeformentomakefriendswithothers.Butoncetheybecomefriends,thefriendshipwillbemorestablebecauseitisbasedonactionsandmutualtrust.5.Conflictsmayoccurevenbetweengoodfriendsandweneedtohandlethemstrategically.First,IwouldthinkaboutthecauseoftheproblemandseeifIhavemadeanymistakeonmypart.Second,Iwouldmakeafriendlygesturetomyfriend,suchasmakingaphonecallorsendinganemailtosayhelloorapologize.Third,ifthecoldwarlasts,Iwouldmakeafurtherfriendlymoveinperson,suchasinvitingmyfriendtohaveacupofcoffeeorbuyingmyfriendagifttoshowhowmuchIcareabouthimorher.present➝1)(presently)cost➝2)(costly)dead → 3)(deadly)approximately → 4)(approximate)name → 5)(namely)scarcely → 6)(scarce)barely → 7)(bare)-oreditor →8)(edit)generate→9) (generator)survivor →10)(survive)TherewasatimewhenWhitneydidn'thavealotoffriends.Allthroughhighschool,shejustslippedinandoutof"light"friendshipswhereshedidn'tfindalotofcomfortor1)(companionship).Whenitwastimeforhertogotocollege,Whitneywasnervousand2)(scared)attheideathatshemighthavetogowithoutfriends.So,shewas3)(determined)tomakeachange.Thefirstweekofclasses,somethinghappenedthat4)(transformed)Whitney'slifeforever.InherEnglishclass,whenaskedtosharetheirgoalsfortheclass,mostofthestudentssaidtheirgoalwastogetagoodgrade,orpasstheclass.Whitney5)(uttered)somethingentirelydifferent:Hergoalwastomakejustonegoodfriend.Toher6)(relief),whilemostofthestudentssatinsilence,onestudentcametoWhitneyandheldouthishandandintroducedhimself.Heaskedifshewouldbehisfriend.Thewholeroomwassilent–alleyes7)(focused)onWhitneyandthehandheldoutjustinfrontofher.Shesmiledand8)(stretched)herhandouttotakehisandafriendshipwasformed.Itwasafriendshipthatlastedthroughcollege.Itwasafriendshipfromwhicharomancewas9)(nurtured).Itwasafriendshipthatbroughttwopeopletogetherinmarriageand10)(steered)themthroughmanygoodandbadtimes.1.Thefindingsshow1)(in)general2)(terms)thatthesameproblembeginssoonerinthecountrythanintowns.2.Wedashedtothebusstationandbarelygotonthebuswhenit3)(pulledaway).3.Somewhat4)(to)my5)(relief),thepolicehasfinallydecidedtoeliminatemybrotherfromtheirlistofsuspects.4.Achildmay6)(bebornwith)serioushandicapsordevelopmentalproblemswhichrequireextendedperiodsofcare.5.Samuelhadbeenseenasaproblemstudent.However,afterhesavedthelifeofthelittlegirl,peoplebegantolookathim7)(inanewlight).6.ArrivinginLondon8)(onamission)tostopthewar,hevisitedthePrimeMinistertoseekhelp.7. 9)(Incomparison)withtheotherapplicants,thelastgirlweinterviewedwasmuchmoreskilledandintelligent.8.Ihadforgottenmymother'sbirthday.SothenextdayIboughtherabundleofflowersto10)(makeupfor)it.9.Themoviewasoverandthecrowds11)(spilledout)intothestreet.10. 12)(Atthetime),thecompanywasfightingtosurviveandwasforcedtolayoffengineersasitcutbackoncosts.ABBBBCCollegelifeandhighschoollifedifferinmanyways.Highschooloffersfundamentalcoursessuchasmath,physicsandEnglish,whereascollegeoffersmorespecializedcourses,mostofwhicharerelatedtostudents'majors.Inhighschool,allclassesarearrangedbytheschool,sostudentsjustfollowafixedschedule;incontrast,collegestudentscanchoosethecoursesinwhichtheyareinterestedandarrangetheirownschedule,sotheirscheduleismoreflexible.Moreover,highschoolstudentsacquireknowledgeandskillsmainlythroughteacher'sinstructions.Incontrast,besidesattendinglectures,collegestudentsareexpectedtolearnontheirown,anddevelopcriticalthinking.作为世界上唯一一个真正具有普遍性的世界组织，联合国已经成为处理超越国界、而且任何一个国家都无法独立解决的问题的首要论坛。联合国最初的宗旨是维护和平、保护人权、建立国际公平正义的框架以及促进经济和社会进步。近年来，联合国又面临着新的挑战，诸如气候变化、国际恐怖主义和艾滋病等。现在，解决争端及维护和平仍然是联合国最主要的任务。除此之外，联合国及其专门机构还致力于各种旨在改进世界人民生活的活动，从赈灾到教育和妇女进步，再到原子能的和平使用。联合国及其专门机构推动世界成为一个更加友好、更加宜居的地方，为全世界人民带来了福祉。SincethefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,Chinahaspersistedintheindependentforeignpolicyofpeace,andmadetremendousprogressinforeignaffairs.By2011,Chinahadestablisheddiplomaticrelationswith172countries.Overrecentyears,withtheenhancementofitscomprehensivenationalstrength,Chinahasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleininternationalaffairs,andChina'sinternationalstatushasbeenfurtherenhanced.Inregionalaffairs,Chinaactivelypromotesallkindsofregionalcooperation.Ithasmadeimportantcontributionsinmaintainingregionalpeaceandpromotingregionaldevelopment.China'sdiplomacywillholdhighthebannerof"peace,development,cooperationandmutualbenefit".OnthebasisoftheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistenceandthroughall-roundandfriendlycooperationwithvariouscountries,Chinawillmakeunremittingeffortstobuildaharmoniousworldofenduringpeaceandcommonprosperity.1. FriendshipintheUS.2. TodescribehowAmericanfriendstreateachother.3. ForAmericans,afriendshipmaybesuperficial,casual,situationalordeepandenduring4. FriendshipinGermany.5. TodescribethecharacteristicsofGermanfriendship.6. InGermany,friendshipismuchmoreamatteroffeelingandaffection.1. Whatmakesitdifficultforstrangersfromdifferentcountriestobecomefriends?∙A.Theydon'texpectsubtledifferencesofwhatconstitutesfriendship.∙B.Theycan'ttalkwitheachotherbecausetheyspeakdifferentlanguages.∙C.Theythinkpeoplefromothercountriesmayfailtoappreciatefriendship.∙D.Theythinkpeoplefromdifferentcountrieshavedifferentideasaboutfriendship.2. Whycantheterm friend beappliedcasuallytoawiderangeofrelationshipsforAmericans?∙A.BecauseAmericansocietyishighlymobileandtherearedifferentkindsoffriends.∙B.BecauseAmericansthinkfriendshipiscasual.∙C.Becausethemoodiscasualandrelaxedbetweenfriends.∙D.Becausefriendsandfamilyalikeinteractinarelaxed,casualway.3. WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutfriendshipforAmericans?∙A.Friendshipisadeepandenduringrelationship.∙B.Friendshipissuperficial,casualandsituational.∙C.TherearehardlyanyvariationsamongdifferenttypesoffriendsforAmericans.∙D.Onthesurface,differenttypesoffriendsaretreatedinthesameway.4. Accordingtotheauthor,inwhichcountryisfriendshipleastlikelytobecross-gender?∙A.France.∙B.Germany.∙C.TheUnitedStates.∙D.TheUnitedKingdom.5. WhichofthefollowingisessentialtofriendshipfortheFrench?∙A.Keenawarenessoffriends'specializedneeds.∙B.Thesamethoughts,values,hobbies,orinterests.∙C.Privaterelationshipswithnodefiniteboundaries.∙D.Knowledgeaboutfriends'personallivesandfamilies.6. Accordingtotheauthor,whichcountryvaluesfriendshipintermsofafeelingoflikingandcaring?∙A.France.∙B.Germany.∙C.TheUnitedStates.∙D.TheUnitedKingdom.7. InGermany,boysandgirlsformfriendshipinorderto____.∙A.enrichtheirwisdom∙B.shareonlypositivefeelings∙C.exploreeachother'sinnerworld∙D.buildarelationnotfoundathome8. Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthisfriends?∙A.Theytendtodislikeeachother.∙B.Theyarefriendswitheachothertoo.∙C.Theyallknowmanydifferentwaystoexpressfriendship.∙D.Theyaredifferentfromeachother.1.•UnlikeFrenchpeople,Chinesepeoplemakecross-genderfriendsaswellasfriendsofthesamesex.Chinesepeopletendtoknowalmosteverythingabouttheirfriends,includingtheirfamily,work,andhobbies.•GermansbasetheirfriendshipmainlyonaffectionwhileEnglishpeopleonsharedactivity.Incomparison,thefriendshipofChinesepeoplecanbebuiltonboth.Sometimes,itmaybebuiltonmutualinterests;Chinesepeoplemayasktheirfriendstohelpwiththeirbusinessorwork.  •ChinesepeopleandEnglishpeoplearesimilarinmanywayswhenmakingfriends.ButunlikeEnglishpeoplewhodevelopfriendshipsoutsidethefamily,manyChinesepeoplehaveoldfamilyfriends,whoareactuallyverycloseandlikefamilymembers.2.•Accordingtomyexperience,itisnoteasytomakefriendswithforeignpeople,especiallyinthebeginning.First,theymaynotsharethesamevaluesduetoculturaldifferences.Second,theymaylikedifferentfoodandsportsastheycomefromdifferentethnicgroupsorgrowupindifferentpartsoftheworld.Third,theymayhavedifficultiesincommunicationastheyspeakdifferentlanguages.Allthesemaybebarrierstomakingfriendswithpeoplefromothercountries.  •No,Ihavenodifficultyinmakingfriendswithpeoplefromothercountries.Nomatterwherepeoplecomefrom,thedesireforfriendshipisthesame.Besides,peoplefromdifferentcountriesarewillingtosharethebestpartoftheirculture.Andbytalkingtopeoplefromdifferentcultures,youcanalwayslearnsomethingnew.Thisway,itismucheasiertostrikeaconversationandexploreinterestingtopicstogether.3.•IliketheseeminglycasualandfriendlywayAmericanstreattheirfriends.Foronething,friendshipistohelpmakeourleisurelifemorecolorfulandrelaxing.Therearecountlesspeopleinthisworld,butwecanencounteronlyalimitednumber.Soitwouldbenicetobefriendlytoeachotherandmakeeachotherhappy.Foranother,intimatefriendshipdevelopsfromcasualfriendship.Weshouldfirstreachouttooffercareandsupporttoapotentialfriend,andthenovertimewemaybuildadeeperfriendship.  •Idon'tliketheseeminglycasualwayinwhichAmericanstreattheirfriends.First,friendshipmeanswillingnesstolistento,careabout,andhelpeachother.Iffriendstreateachotherinacasualmanner,whydidtheybecomefriendsinthefirstplace?Second,thecasualwayinwhichAmericanstreattheirfriendsmaybemisleading.Noteveryonecanbecometruefriends.Truefriendswillhavemutualunderstandingandwilldowhatisbestforeachother.Whenyoufailtodowhatyouareexpectedasafriend,yourfriendsmayfeeldisappointedorevenhurt.Sowe'dbettertakefriendshipseriously.4.•Yes,Iliketomaintain"distinctboundaries"forfriendship.Everybodyhassomeprivacyorsecretswhichtheydon'twanttosharewithotherpeople,notevenwiththeirfriends.Sometimesfriendshipdoesn'tlastforever,sotheboundariesmayprotectyoufrombeinghurtiftherelationendsoneday.Besides,friendship,inmyview,shouldfocusonsharingfeelingsandhobbiesinsteadofworkproblemsorfamilymatters.Ifyouaskyourfriendstoshareyourproblemsandburdens,itwilleventuallyhurtyourfriendship.  •Idon'tliketheideaoffriendshipwith"distinctboundaries".First,truefriendsshouldtrusteachotherandthereisnothingtheycannotshare.Forexample,ifyouknoweachother'sfamily,thetwofamiliescanbecomefriendstoo.Thiswillinturnstrengthenyourfriendship.Second,"Afriendinneedisafriendindeed".Ifyouhaveaproblematwork,youcanshareitwithyourfriends,andtheymaybehappytohelp.Third,themoreyousharewithyourfriends,themoreyouwillhaveincommon."Distinctboundaries"willonlyundermineyourrelationship.5.Therearemanywaystostrengthenfriendship.Forexample,youcan:  •seeyourfriendsmoreoftenandtalktothemwheneverpossible;  •givethemgiftsonspecialoccasionstoshowthatyoucareaboutthem;  •bethereforhelpintimesofdifficultysothattheycanalwayshavesomeonetocounton;  •invitethemtojoinyouforoutdooractivitiesandsharethefunexperience;and  •callthemorsendthemmessagesregularlytokeepeachotherupdated.1. Nearlyone-thirdofthepeopleweinterviewedthinkpeoplefromdifferentculturesshouldn'tgetmarried,claimingthattheycannotbe(compatible).2. Telecommunicationstechnologieshavebeen(integrated)intoeverydaylifesodeeplythatmodernsocietycouldnotfunctionwithoutthem.3. ForalongtimetheUSwasregardedasameltingpot.Thismeantthatallthe(diverse)elementswouldbemelteddowninto100%American.4. Out-of-towntourists(constitute)aboutathirdoftheamazingannualfigureofsixmillionvisitors.5. Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreat(significance)forpeoplesufferingfromheartproblems.6. Havingexpensiveequipmentdoesn'tactually(guarantee)thatyoucanplaygolf,andinordertoplayitwell,youmighthavetotakeafewlessons.7.Introducinganewproductintothemarketisahighly(complicated)business,whichcallsforcarefulplanning.8. Manyyoungwomenareso(keen)onkeepingthemselvesinshapethattheytakedietingtoextremes.9. Thisorganization'saimisto(enhance)thequalityoflifeandemploymentopportunitiesofpeoplewithdisabilities.10. Iwouldliketothankthoseorganizationsthathavechosento(extend)theirhelptosufferersfromAIDS.1. Localfarmersregardtheblacksoilsasa"giftfromthepast"becausetheyarenaturallyfertileandhavetheabilitytosupport(arangeof)crops.2. Ispentmanynightspacing(backandforth)inthelibrary,tryingtodefineatopicformyessayandchoosemyarguments.3. Asafamousactress,Carolineisalwayssurroundedbyalovingaudienceand(showeredwith)giftsfromthem.4. Inhisspeech,heexpressedhis(debtofgratitude/debtofthanks)toallthepeoplewhohadsupportedhiswork.5. Wewilldoourbesttoprovideyouwithgoodservices,andIhopeyouwill(feelathome/beathome)whenyoustayinourhotel.6. AnewvarietyofEnglishhas(comeintobeing)asmoreandmoreforeignspeakersofthelanguageareusingit.7. Beingabletodeterminethemainideaofapassageisoneofthemostusefulskillsyoucan(applyto)anykindofreading.8.(Alackof)supportfromthepublichasledmanypublicschoolteacherstoleavetheprofession.1.(Reference:Muchtomysurprise)(让我感到十分吃惊的是),shehadchangedsomuchthatIcouldhardlyrecognizeher.2.(Reference:Tothegeneralmanager'sdelight)(让总经理感到高兴的是),quiteanumberofbusinesspartnersshowedinterestinthisnewproject.3.(Reference:Muchtomycousin'sdisappointment)(让我 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 妹感到很失望的是),nooneintheroomfoundherjokeamusing.1. Inhisletter,Icouldseethathispurposewas(Reference:notsomuchtomakeanapologyastodefendhimself)(与其说是道歉，不如说是在为自己辩解).2. Youshouldunderstandthatsuccessdepends(Reference:notsomuchonluckasonhardwork)(与其说是凭运气，不如说是靠努力).3. Shecontrolledthediscussion.Theyallfeltitwas(Reference:notsomuchadiscussionasalongspeechbyherself)(与其说那是一场讨论，不如说是她一个人的长篇大论).Regardingfriendship,menandwomenarenotalwaysthesame.However,bothmalesandfemales 1) (va)(value)2) (f)(friendship).Itisahumanrightto 3) (m)(make)4) (f)(friends)withothers.Noonecanstopyoufromdoingso.Youcan 5) (be)(begin)a 6) (f)(friendship)withanyoneyoupreferfromtheoppositegender.Somemayhavemanyopposite-genderfriends,andtheycanmakeadeepand 7) (end)(enduring)8) (f)(friendship)betweenthem,notfeelinganydifferenceexceptforthegender.Myopinionisthatpurefriendshipbetweendifferentgenderscanreallyoccur.Theycanbecomeverygoodfriendswhocantrust,help,talkwitheachother,andenjoythemselvesinmany 9) (sh)(shared)10) (ac)(activities),thoughmenareusuallymorerestrainedwith 11) (emo)(emotional)12) (ex)(expressions).Somemaythinkthattheremustbeno 13) (emo)(emotional)14) (f)(feelings)betweenthetwo.Well,that'sextremelywrong.Iffriendsoftheoppositegenderarenot 15) (emo)(emotionally)16) (h)(honest)witheachother,howcouldthey 17) (en)(enhance)their 18) (f)(friendship)?–JanH.fromSchoolofHumanitiesManypeoplearguethatit'simpossibleforustodraw 19) (dis)(distinct)20) (b)(boundaries)betweenfriendshipandlove.Whataboutpeoplewhostartwithfriendshipbutendupinmarriage?Ifitisafriendshipthatturnsintoaromance,itisnotpurelyafriendship.Evenifthesepeopledon'tendupinmarriage,theirfriendshipmaynotlastlong.Wemaycallita 21) (sit)(situational)22) (f)(friendship)butnotadeepandenduringonebecauseboththemaleandthefemalewilleventuallygetmarriedtoanotherpersonandbuilduptheirownfamilies.Consequently,the 23) (one-to-)(one-to-one)24) (re)(relationship)isoversincetheywillhavelesschancetogettogetherandtheymayforgeteachotherintheend.Wedefinefriendshipassomethingthatwilllastforever,so,again,thisisnotfriendship.InFrenchculture,friendsgenerallyareofthesamegender.ManyFrenchpeopledoubtthepossibilityof 25) (cross-)(cross-gender)26) (f)(friendships).Tothem,friendshipisaone-to-onerelationshipthatdemandsa 27) (k)(keen)28) (aw)(awareness)oftheotherperson's 29) (spe)(specialized)30) (in)(interests).Theythinkmalesandfemalescancommunicatewitheachotheraboutstudyorjobs.Frenchfriendshipsare 31) (pri)(private)32) (re)(relationships)whicharebuiltonthebasisofcommoninterests,andwhichhavenothingtodowithone'spersonallifeorfamily.–GaryJ.fromSchoolofComputerScience