学术英语 综合 Unit 4（课堂PPT）

学术英语综合AcademicEnglish—AnIntegratedCourse12021/4/122021/4/1Unit4EnvironmentUnitContentsUnitobjectivesTextATextBTextCAcademiclanguageanddiscourseListeningSpeakingWriting32021/4/1UnitObjectives1.ProfessionalKnowledgeGetacquaintedwithsomeimportantconceptsaboutenvironment(e.g.environmentalism,ecology,biodiversity,blackcarbon,ecosystem,environmentalscience,ecosphere,carbondioxide,etc.)2.ReadingSummarizethemainideasofatextandidentifyessentialsupportingpoints;Understanddifficultsentences(e.g.,sentenceswithabstractmeaningorambiguousreference);Analyzecomplexorcontroversialissuescritically(e.g.,sustainabledevelopmentofenvironment,climatechange,economicsandecology)Unit4Environment42021/4/1UnitObjectives3.ListeningKnowhowtodealwithunfamiliarwordsinatalk4.SpeakingMakeacounterargumentinacademicspeaking5.WritingKnowhowtowritebodyparagraphsUnit4Environment52021/4/1UnitObjectives6.ResearchingIndependentlylocateandstudyavarietyofresources(articles,books,videos,etc.)toknowmoreaboutpollutioncasesyouareconcernedwith7.AcademiclanguageanddiscourseGetacquaintedwithsomecollocationsrelatedtoenvironmentLearnhowtomakeyouressaymorecoherentbyuseofeffectivetransitions,repetitionofkeywords,andclearuseofreferencewordsComprehendstylisticdifferencesbetweenformalandinformalEnglishandacquiresomeformalexpressionsUnit4Environment62021/4/1TextALead-inWorkingroupsof4-5andbrainstormalistofconsequencesofimbalancebetweenpeopleandnature.Unit4Environment72021/4/1TextAOverviewSummarizethemainideasofTextAonthebasisofTask1/CriticalReadingandThinking/TextA.wearestillveryfarfromreconcilingthedemandsofpeoplewithwhatourplanetcansustainablyprovideprotectingnatureforpeopleaneconomiconepopularculturesocieties’worldviewsUnit4Environment82021/4/1TextAIn-depthanalysis1.Contributeasmuchaspossiblewhatyouknowaboutthefollowing:sustainabledevelopmentenvironmentalismbiodiversityecosystemecologyUnit4Environment92021/4/1TextAIn-depthanalysis2.FocusonsomeofthedifficultsentencesinTextAbydoingTask2/CriticalReadingandThinking/TextA.Unit4Environment102021/4/1TextASupplementaryinformation1.SustainabledevelopmentItisaneconomicplanningthatattemptstofostereconomicgrowthwhilepreservingthequalityoftheenvironmentforfuturegenerations.Unit4Environment112021/4/1TextASupplementaryinformation2.Environmentalism(Para.1)Environmentalismreferstopoliticalandethicalmovementthatseekstoimproveandprotectthequalityofthenaturalenvironmentthroughchangestoenvironmentallyharmfulhumanactivities,throughtheadoptionofformsofpolitical,economic,andsocialorganizationsthatarethoughttobenecessaryfor,oratleastconduciveto,thebenigntreatmentoftheenvironmentbyhumans,andthroughareassessmentofhumanity’srelationshipwithnature.Environmentalismisanattempttobalancerelationsbetweenhumansandthevariousnaturalsystems.Unit4Environment122021/4/1TextASupplementaryinformation3.Biodiversity(Para.4)Theword'biodiversity'isacontractionofbiologicaldiversity.ItreferstothevarietyoflifefoundinaplaceonEarthor,often,thetotalvarietyoflifeonEarth.Theterm“biodiversity”isindeedcommonlyusedtodescribethenumber,varietyandvariabilityoflivingorganisms.Thisverybroadusage,embracingmanydifferentparameters,isessentiallyasynonymof“lifeonEarth”.Unit4Environment132021/4/1TextASupplementaryinformation4.Ecosystem(Para.4)Anecosystemreferstothecomplexoflivingorganisms(plants,animalsandmicrobes),theirphysicalenvironment(thingslikeair,waterandmineralsoil),andalltheirinterrelationshipsinaparticularunitofspace.Therearemanyexamplesofecosystems--apond,aforest,anestuary,agrassland,etc.Thestudyofecosystemsmainlyconsistsofthestudyofcertainprocessesthatlinkthelivingorbioticcomponentstothenon-livingorabioticcomponents.Unit4Environment142021/4/1TextASupplementaryinformation5.Ecology(Para.8)Itisalsocalledbioecology,bionomics,orenvironmentalbiology.Itstudiestherelationsbetweenorganismsandtheirenvironment.Unit4Environment152021/4/1TextBOverview1.Whatiscriticalreading?Criticalreadingoracademicreadingisanactiveprocessthatinvolvesyouinevaluatingwhatyouread.Readingcriticallyislargelyaprocessofaskingquestions.Thesortsofquestionsthatyouneedtoaskinclude:Whatpositionisthewriterpresenting?Whatevidenceisthewritergivingtosupporthisorherposition?Istheevidencepresentedaccurately?Hastheevidencebeencollectedusingappropriatemethods?Isthewriterbasinghimselforherselfonaparticulartheoryorapproach?Arethewriter’sclaimsreasonable?Howdoesthewriter’spositioncomparewiththepositionsofotherwritersinthefield?DoIagreewiththepositionthewriterispresenting?Whyorwhynot?Unit4Environment162021/4/1TextBOverview1.Whatiscriticalreading?Tobeacriticalreader,youneedtostartwithacriticalattitude.Youcannotacceptanythingmerelybecauseitiswritteninabook,ormerelybecauseitiswrittenbysomeonewellknownorknowledgeable.Beforeyoucanacceptanacademicclaim,youneedtoevaluateitthroughcarefulquestioningandcomparison.Unit4Environment172021/4/1TextBOverview2.SummarizethemainideaofthetextonthebasisofTask/CriticalReadingandThinking/TextB.Unit4Environment182021/4/1TextBResearchingWorkingroupsof4-5tosharethepollutioncasesyouareconcernedaboutmost.Unit4Environment192021/4/1Contributeasmuchaspossiblewhatyouknowaboutthefollowingterms.hurricaneKatrinaenvironmentalsciencefaunaandfloraenvironmentalanalysisenvironmentalcomplianceecosphereTextCTextAnalysisUnit4Environment202021/4/12.SummarizethetextonthebasisofTask/TextC.TextCTextAnalysisUnit4Environment212021/4/1TextCSupplementaryinformation1.HurricaneKatrina(Para.1)HurricaneKatrinawasoneofthestrongeststormsthatimpactthecoastoftheUnitedStatesduringthelast100years.ItstruckthesoutheasternUnitedStatesinlateAugust,2005,andcausedwidespreaddevastationalongthecentralGulfCoaststatesoftheU.S.HurricaneKatrinacaused$81billioninpropertydamages,butitisestimatedthatthetotaleconomicimpactinLouisianaandMississippimayexceed$150billion,earningthetitleofcostliesthurricaneeverinU.S.history.Unit4Environment222021/4/1TextCSupplementaryinformation2.Environmentalscience(Para.2)Environmentalscienceisamultidisciplinaryacademicfieldthatintegratesphysicalandbiologicalsciencestothestudyoftheenvironment,andthesolutionofenvironmentalproblems.EnvironmentalscientistsworkonsubjectsliketheunderstandingofEarthprocesses,evaluatingalternativeenergysystems,pollutioncontrolandmitigation,naturalresourcemanagement,andtheeffectsofglobalclimatechange.Environmentalissuesalmostalwaysincludeaninteractionofphysical,chemical,andbiologicalprocesses.Unit4Environment232021/4/1TextCSupplementaryinformation3.Faunaandflora(Para.2)“Fauna”isalloftheanimallifeofanyparticularregionortime.“Flora”isthecorrespondingtermforplants.Faunaandflorarefertoplantandwildlife,respectively.Thetermisoftenusedtorefertotheindigenousplantandwildlifeofageographicalregion.Botharecollectiveterms.Theterm“fauna”comesfromtheLatinnameofFauna.Theterm“flora”comesfromtheLatinwordofflora.Unit4Environment242021/4/1TextCSupplementaryinformation4.Ecosphere(Para.5)Inecologytheterm“ecosphere”canrefertotheEarth’sspheres,aplanetaryecosystemconsistingoftheatmosphere,thegeosphere,thehydrosphere,andthebiosphere.Unit4Environment252021/4/1Academiclanguageanddiscourse1.DoTask1Languagebuilding-up/TextA.Collocation2.TranslatethefollowingenvironmentaltermsthatappearedinTextsBandC,fromEnglishintoChinese.blackcarbon碳黑globalwarming全球变暖carbondioxide二氧化碳environmentalscience环境科学fauna动物群Unit4Environment262021/4/1AcademiclanguageanddiscourseCollocationflora植物群ecology生态学environmentalanalysis环境分析ecosystem生态系统environmentalcompliance符合环保要求ecosphere生物圈Unit4Environment272021/4/1Academiclanguageanddiscourse1.DoTask2Languagebuilding-up/TextA.2.FindexamplesofcoherenceinTextB.SignpostlanguageSuggestedanswers:Repeatedwords:blackcarbon(Para.4-5)Repeatedwords:carbondioxide(Para.8-9)Repeatedwords:emissions(Para.14-15)Unit4Environment282021/4/1AcademiclanguageanddiscourseFormalEnglish1.Doashortquizofformal/informalEnglish.YouaremeetingyourhostparentsinAmericaforthefirsttime. Whatisthebestwaytogreetthem?A)Hey,what'sup?B)Itisapleasuretomeetyou.C)Hello,nicetomeetyou.YouaremeetingyourbestfriendfromAustraliafordinner. Youhaven'tseeneachotherforawhile. Whatisthebestwaytogreetthem?Longtimenosee. What'sup?Ihaven'tseenyouforsuchalongtime. It'sapleasuretoseeyouagain.Hi.Unit4Environment292021/4/1AcademiclanguageanddiscourseFormalEnglish1.Doashortquizofformal/informalEnglish.Inthefollowingdialogue,whatshouldCarlossaynext?Boss:HeyCarlos,canya(you)helpmeforasec?Carlos:Yes,whatdoyouneed?Boss:CanyafaxthistoABCcompanyASAP.Carlos:_______________________A)Yessir. I'llbehappytodothatrightawayforyou.B)Sure,noprob.C)Mypleasure. I'dlovetofaxthatreport.Unit4Environment302021/4/1Listening2.DoTasks1and2/Listening.Unit4Environment312021/4/1ListeningMoreaboutdealingwithunfamiliarwordsSpeakersmayusewordsthatareunfamiliartoyou.Inthesesituations,youcanguessthemeaningofaparticularwordbasedonwhatyou’veunderstoodbyusingthecontextorsituationitself.Herearemorestrategiesforyourreference:•Don’tpanic.Youdon’talwaysunderstandeverywordofwhataspeakersaysinyourfirstlanguageeither.•Usecontextcluestofillintheblanks.Whatdidyouunderstandjustbeforeorjustafterthemissingpart?Whatdidthespeakerprobablysay?•Listenforwordsandphrasesthatsignaladefinitionorexplanation.Unit4Environment322021/4/1SpeakingMoreexpressionsaboutdisagreementIdisagree.I’mnotsosure(aboutthat)...That’sdebatable.Idon’tthinkso.That’scrazy!Noway!Unit4Environment332021/4/1Speaking2.CarryoutadebatefollowingtheinstructionsinTask/Speaking.Theparticipantsofthedebatemayplaythefollowingroles:Chairman:onestudent(presidingoverthedebate,explainingtherulesofdebate,etc.)Team1(Pros):threestudents(statingarguments,usingevidenceandreasoningtosupportarguments,doingrebuttal,andsummarizing)Team2(Cons):threestudents(doingrebuttal,statingarguments,usingevidenceandreasoningtosupportarguments,andsummarizing)Judges:atleastthreestudents(listeningcarefully,takingnotes,makingcomments,anddecidingonthewinner)Unit4Environment342021/4/1WritingMorewordsandexpressionsforargumentItislogicaltothinkthat…Itisreasonabletoassumethat…Itseemsevidentthat…Itcanbeconcludedthat…Wecandeducethat…Itcanbeinferredthat…Itisinconsistentwiththeevidencetosaythat…Itisunreasonabletoassumethat…Thereislittleevidencefortheargumentthat…Theargumentthat…iserroneous.Theclaimthat…isfallacious.Thepropositionthat…iseasilyrefuted.Unit4Environment352021/4/1WritingDoTask1/Writing,anddiscusshowtheauthorusesevidencetosupporthisargument.Unit4Environment362021/4/1