第二届全国中学生地理奥林匹克竞赛试题PART2EnglishQuestions（10%）1、Questions:1）Describetheglobaldistributionofearthquakesasshowninfigure1.29﹒Howdoyouexplainthispattern?2）Whydoearthquakesoccurinareasthatarenottectonicboundaries?3）Usingexamples,explainhowitispossibletomanagetheearthquakehazard.2、Figure2.1FactorsthataffecttourismNaturallandscape:mountains-Nepal;biodiversity-Monteverdecloudforest,CostaRica;coasts-Mediterranean;forests-Amazonrainforest;desert-Tunisia;polarareas-Iceland;rivers-GrandCanyon.Climate:hot,sunny,dryareasareveryattractivetomosttourists;seasonalityofclimateleadstoseasonalityoftourism.Cultural:language,customs,clothing,food,architecture,andthemeparks;examplesincluderecreation-Paris,religion-Mecca,education-Oxford.Socialfactors:increasingaffluence,leisuretime,longerholidays,paidholidays,bettermobility,bettertransport,moreworkingwomen,ageoftouristsandstageinlife-cycleEconomicfactors:exchangerates,foreignexchange,employment,multipliereffects,infrastructure,leakages.Politicalfactors:e.g.in1999theKosovocrisisledtoareductioninUStouriststoEurope.Disease:malaria,Aids,andcholeraleadtoadecreaseintourism;highratesofdiseaseintheDominicanRepublicin1997ledtoadropintourism.Sportingevents:eventssuchastheWorldCup(France,1998),theOlympicGames(Sydney,2000),theCricketWorldCup(Britain,1999)ledtoasmallboomintourism.Figure2.2Climaticdataforselecteddestinations.Birmingham,UKJFMAMJJASONDTotalMaximum569121619202017139613Temp﹒(℃)Minimum22357101212107537Temp﹒(℃)Mean34681115161614107510Temp﹒(℃)Rainfall745450536450696961698467764(mm)Miami,USAMaximum24252728303132323129272528Temp﹒(℃)Minimum14151619212324242422181520Temp﹒(℃)Mean19202123252728282725222024Temp﹒(℃)Rainfall5148589916318817017824120871431518(mm)Tunis,TunisiaMaximum15161821252932333025201623Temp．(℃)Minimum7791114182021191511713Temp﹒(℃)Mean11121316192326272520151218Temp﹒(℃)Rainfall6549434022102734565462444(mm)RiodeJaneiro,BrazilMaximum29302927252524252425262826Temp﹒(℃)Minimum23232221191817181919202220Temp﹒(℃)Mean26262524222121212122232523Temp﹒(℃)Rainfall1251221301077953414366791041371086(mm)Figure2.3ChangesinBritishsociety1891195119711991Population27231411594641248119(’000s)Averageworkingweek56—6044﹒840﹒440﹒0(hours)Paidannualholiday‘rare’1to22≥4(weeks)LicensedcarsNegligible2﹒110﹒419﹒7(million)Foreignholiday-goersNegligible31430(million)Questions:1)Figure2.2providesclimaticdataforBirmingham(UK),Miami,Tunis,andRiodeJaneiro.UsethedatatoplotclimaticgraphsforBirminghamandatleastonotherlocation.Whataretheadvantagesandattractionsoftheotherstations’climatecomparedwiththatofBirmingham?2)StudyFigure2.3whichshowssomeofthechangesinBritishsocietysince1891.BrieflyexplainhowtwoofthefactorsshowninFigure2.1hasinfluencedthegrowthoftourism.
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