英语名词讲解ppt课件

汉堡包水果西红柿大米；米饭草莓鸡肉牛奶吃面包健康的事物hamburgerfruittomatoricestrawberrychickenmilkeatbreadhealthything.容易的在...后面梨子食物蔬菜胡萝卜习惯午餐早餐晚餐肥胖的easyafterpearfoodvegetablecarrothabitlunchbreakfastdinnerfat.名词（n.）：概念：是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义，名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。名词：nouns.普通名词：指表示一类人、东西、抽象概念的名词。例如：表示东西、事物的。如book、computer、tree、chopsticks(筷子)…表示一类人的。如boy、girl、woman、man、teacher、father…表示抽象概念，像人的情感、品质、精神的。如happiness、trouble、pleasure（愉快、快乐）、industry（勤劳）….辨认下列哪些是名词，哪些不是名词：computer，takecoffee，water，run.notebook.bring,table,sportinteresting,Mondayagenewactorsell.专有名词:指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来，它包括人名、国家、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。Jim 吉姆                    China 中国              Mr. Smith 史密斯先生July 七月             Friday星期五   the Yellow River黄河Christmas圣诞节      English英语   ATaleof Two Cities 《双城记》专有名词的首字母通常要大写.名词：可数名词不可数名词单数复数转变.可数名词的复数变化：1. 可数名词复数的规则变化：(1)一般情况加词尾-s，如book-books,desk-desks等。(2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的名词，通常加词尾-es：bus-buses,box-boxes,dish-dishes，match-matches（比赛），watch-watches等。.Practice:Therearemany(bus)and(car)onthestreet..Ihavetwo(watch),soIgivea(watch)tomysister.YesterdayIwenttothesupermarketandboughtsome（dish）carsbuseswatcheswatchdishes.3)以“o”结尾的名词,有生命词尾es；如tomato-tomatoes；potato-potatoeshero(英雄)-heroes无生命的名词，加词尾s；如radio—radios（收音机）；piano-pianos但注意photo—photos（相片）.4)以y结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将y改为ies；如：city-cities,baby-babies以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾-s：如：toy/toys,holiday/holidays等。5)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v加es:如：wife-wives,knife-knives（小刀），Leaf-leaves（树叶）；life-lives(生命)，scarf-scarves(围巾).记住以下10个要把f或者fe改成v加es的单词：wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(树叶)，thief(贼)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。重点但roof-roofs(屋顶)是例外！！.练习：写出下列单词的单数或复数形式friendcattreessquestionsskeystoysphotostomatoespotatoesleaf/leaveszoosradiosholidaysbaby/babiescity/citiesroofsbusesboxes.Weneedmore(potato),canyougoandtakesome,please?(Knife)areusedforcuttingthings.Whenwesawhisface,weknewthe(news)wasbad.Pleaseremembergivethehorsesometree(leaf).potatoesKnivesnewsleaves.单复数同形:英语中，有些名词的单数与复数同行:例：people、Chinese、Japanese、fish、deer（鹿）、sheep（绵羊）e.g:Therearemanyfishintheriver.Wehaveafishforlunch..名词复数的不规则变化有的名词单数变复数时，没有一定的规则，需特别记忆：man/men男人 woman/women女人child/children小孩      tooth/teeth牙齿foot/feet脚                goose/geese鹅mouse/mice老鼠           ox/oxen公牛.　(二)  不规则变化　　男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；　　老鼠虱子也好记，ous 变 ic；　　孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。6. 名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。例如man → men, woman → women, goose → geese,  foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice, louse (虱子) → lice, child → children, fish → fish, deer (鹿) → deer, sheep → sheep 等。.不可数名词常用apieceof,acupof,aglassof,abottleof等来表示不可数名词的量，单复数表现在在of前面的名词上。如：桌子上有一杯橙汁。Thereisaglassoforangejuiceonthetable.这张纸是红色的。Thispieceofpaperisred.这两双袜子5美元。Thesetwopairsofsocksare5dollars名词做主语，一定要注意主谓一致.用适当的be动词填空Mymother___abeautifulwoman.Thispairofpants____20dollars.Mysocks___red.Whosepens___there？Ann’sfamily___allteachers.Herfamily___alargeoneinthisplace.There_acupofcoffeeonthedesk.Thesestrawberries___fresh.. 写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange          2、class          3、text       4、monkey          5、piano    　6、child       7、shelf            8、bed          9、country        10、family  11、toy          12、foot        13、Japanese     14、radio        15、photo      16、army      17、tomato      18、fox       19、woman        20、knife     22、sheep      orangesclassestexts monkeyschildrenshelvesbedscountriesfamilies toysJapaneseradiosphotostomatoesfoxes pianosfeetwomenknivessheeparmies.二、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空：1．Therearesomany________(wolf)intheforest.2.Therearethree______(chair)intheclassroom.3.These_______(tomato)arered.4.______(hero)aregreat.5．Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______(baby)6．Therearesome____(deer)eatingthegrass.7．Myfatherlikestoeat_______(potato).8Chinese______(people)liketoeatnoodles.9．Ihavealotof______(toy)inmybedroom.10．Ihelpmymotherwash______(dish)inthekitchen.wolveschairstomatoesHeroesbabiesdeerpotatoespeopletoysdishes.11．Ihavetwo______(pencil-box). 12．Therearesome______(bus)inthestreet.13．Peterhaseight_____(foot).   14．Lindahasthree_______(tooth).15．Therearesome______(child)inthegarden.16．Michaellikesthe______(mouse).17．Therearesome______(goose)intheriver.18．Myuncleandfatherare_____(man).19．TomandKingare_____(boy).   20．Lindahasthree______(tooth).pencil-boxesbusesfeetteethchildrenmicegeesemenboysteeth.1．Icanseethree________inthezoo.Amonkeies   Bmonkeys   Cmonkey2.Thepighasfour______.　A.foot　B.feet　C.foots3.Mytwobrothersareboth______.A.policeman　B.policemans　C.policemen4.Therearefour___________intheclass.　Japanese　 B.Japaneses　C.Japan5.Icanseeten_____inthepicture.sheepB.dog　C.pig6.The_____hasthree______.　boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watches7.Canyousee_______ontheplate?A.bread B.breads C.breadesABCBACA.8.Thegirloftenbrushesher_____beforeshegoestobed.　A.tooth　B.tooths　C.teeth9.MrBlackoftendrinksome_________.milk B.milks C.milkes10.Therearesome_____onthefloor.child　B.waterC.books11._____willlearnEnglish. Woman　B.WomenC.Man12.Lucywillshowussomenew____ofhers.photo　B.photos　C.photoes13.Idranktwo______.A.bottlesoforange　B.bottleoforange　C.bottlesoforanges14.Thecateatstwo______lastnight.　A.mouses　B.mice　C.mouseABCCABB.1、Thereonthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.A.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isaphotoD.isphotosThiskindofcarmadeinShanghai.A.isB.areC.wereD.has3.Therearefourandtwointhegroup.A.Japanese,GermenBJapaneses,GermenC.Japanese,GermanC.Japanese,Germans4.That’sartbook.A.anB.aC.theDare5.Theboyshavegotalready.twobreadB.twobreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbreadABDAC.6.Theoldmanwants.A.sixboxesofapplesB.sixboxesofappleC.sixboxofapplesD.sixboxsofapples7.Theresomeintheriver.A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish8.Theretwointhebox.A.iswatchB.arewatchesC.arewatchD.iswatches9.Weshouldcleantwiceaday.A.ourtoothB.ourtoothsC.teethD.ourteeth10.The_____meetingroomisnearthereadingroom.A.teacherB.teacher’sC.teachers’D.teachers11.InBritain_____areallpaintedred.A.letterboxesB.lettersboxesC.letterboxD.lettersboxABCDDA.2.找出下列句子中的错误并改正：1)Thisisapairoftrouser.这是一条裤子。2)Hegavemesomeadvices.他给了我一些忠告。3)Shewenttothelibrarywithtwoladiesfriends.她和两位女伴一起去图书馆。4)Thepoliceislookingforhim.警察在找他。.