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PETS第五级
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全国英语等级考试
第五级
PublicEnglishTestSystem(PETS)
Level5
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SectionⅠ ListeningComprehension
(30minutes)
Directions:
ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecorded
materialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.Therearethreepartsinthissection,PartA,Part
BandPartC.
Remember,whileyouaredoingthetest,youshouldfirstputdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet,NOTonthe
ANSWERSHEET.Attheendofthelisteningcomprehensionsection,youwillhave5minutestotransferyouranswers
fromyourtestbookletontoANSWERSHEET1.
Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youmayraiseyourhandNOW asyouwillnotbeallowedtospeakoncethetestis
started.
NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.
PartA
Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1to10bycirclingTrueorFalse.Youwillhearthetalk
ONLYONCE.
Younowhave60secondstoreadQuestions1~10.
1.TherecentsocialandeconomicchangesintheUShavegreatimpact
onalltheAmericanhousingsystem. TRUE/FALSE
2.OneoutoffourmarriedcoupleshavegotdivorcedinAmerica. TRUE/FALSE
3.Thechangeinfamilysizehasaffectedthesizeofhousesneeded. TRUE/FALSE
4.InmanyareasoftheUS,peoplewouldratherrentanapartmentthanbuyahouse. TRUE/FALSE
5.Peopleformcooperativestospendlessmoneyonhouses. TRUE/FALSE
6.Peoplemovebacktocitiesbecausetheywanttobeclosertotheiroffices. TRUE/FALSE
7.Livingundergroundcanhelpreducethecostofheatingandlighting. TRUE/FALSE
8.Inflationhasmadetheinterestonhousingloans18% higherthanbefore. TRUE/FALSE
9.Unemploymentinhousingindustryanddepressioninhousingmarketresultfrom
socialandeconomicchanges. TRUE/FALSE
10.Mobilehousesarebuiltinordertolowerthecost. TRUE/FALSE
Younowhave20secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions1~10.
ThatistheendofPartA.
PartB
Youwillhear3conversationsortalksandyoumustanswerthequestionsbychoosingA,B,CorD.Youwill
heartherecordingONLYONCE.
Questions11~13arebasedonthefollowingtalk.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions11~13.
11.Whichofthefollowingaboutpickpocketingisnottrue?
[A]Itisafastincreasingcrime.
[B]Itsmethodsareimproving.
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[C]Nobodyissafefromaveteranpickpocket.
[D]Thereareabout4000000victimseveryyear.
12.Whatwasprobablythereasonfordiscontinuingtohangapickpocketinthe18thcentury?
[A]Hangingwasauselesswarning.
[B]Itwastoocruelandviolent.
[C]Toomanypeoplewatchedthepractice.
[D]Otherpickpocketswereonlyspectators.
13.Whereistheleastlikelyplaceforpickpocketing?
[A]Banksandsupermarkets.
[B]Trainandbusstations.
[C]Postofficesandhospitals.
[D]Elevatorsandairports.
Younowhave30secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions11~13.
Questions14~16arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions14~16.
14.Whatarethespeakersdoing?
[A]Visitingthenewrestaurant.
[B]Watchingaparade.
[C]Havingapicnic.
[D]Goingtothebeach.
15.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttherain?
[A]Excited. [B]Confused.
[C]Afraid. [D]Surprised.
16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?
[A]Gohome.
[B]Gotoarestaurant.
[C]Unpackthecar.
[D]Putadryblanketunderthetree.
Younowhave30secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions14~16.
Questions17~20arebasedonthefollowingtalk.Younowhave20secondstoreadQuestions17~20.
17.Whatisthemaintopicofthistalk?
[A]Bicyclesandcars.
[B]Buildingcodes.
[C]Energyconservation.
[D]Newhousingconstruction.
18.Whyisinsulationrequiredinnewhouses?
[A]Tolimitdiscussiononheatingbills.
[B]Topreventheatloss.
[C]Todeterminethetemperatureinhomes.
[D]Toconverthomestoelectricheat.
19.Whatisthepurposeofbuildingnewhousesfacingnorthorsouth?
[A]Toavoiddirectsunlight.
[B]Tolimitspaceused.
[C]Tokeepoutthecold.
[D]Toconformtootherhouses.
20.WhathasthecityofDavisprovidedforbicycleriders?
[A]Specialpaths.
[B]Resurfacedhighways.
[C]Moreparkingspace.
[D]Betterstreetlighting.
Younowhave40secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions17~20.
ThatistheendofPartB.
PartC
Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,youmustanswerQuestions21~30bywritingNOMORETHANTHREE
wordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.
Younowhave60secondstoreadQuestions21~30.
21.WhatdoyouknowaboutBeethovensmusictalentwhenhewas7?
22.HowoldwashewhenhewasmadeassistantorganistinBonn?
23.InwhichyeardidBeethovenmeethisidolMozart?
24.WhatwasMozartsreactionafterheheardBeethovensperformance?
25.WhatdidBeethoventhinkofHaydnsteaching?
26.WhatwasBeethovenspersonality?
27.WhatcanwelearnaboutBeethovenfromhisstyleofcomposing?
28.Whichisthemostpopularofallhissymphonies?
29.HowdidBeethovencommunicatewithothersafterhehadlosthishearing?
30.Till2004howlonghashebeendead?
Younowhave100secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions21~30.
ThatistheendofPartC.Younowhave5minutestotransferallyouranswersfromyourtestbooklettoAN
SWERSHEET1.
ThatistheendofListeningComprehension.
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THISISTHEENDOFSECTIONⅠ
DONOTREADORWORKONTHENEXTSECTION,UNTIL
YOUARETOLDTOCONTINUE.
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SectionⅡ UseofEnglish
(15minutes)
ReadthefollowingtextandfilleachofthenumberedspaceswithONEsuitableword.
WriteyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Youmaysaythatthebusinessofmarkingbooksisgoingtoslowdownyourreading.(31) probably
will.Thatsoneofthe(32) fordoingit.Mostofushavebeentakeninbythenotionthatspeedof(33)
isameasureofourintelligence.Thereis(34) suchthingsastheright(35) for
intelligentreading.Somethingsshouldbe(36) quicklyandeffortlessly,andsomeshouldberead(37)
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andevenlaboriously.Thesignofintelligence(38) readingistheabilitytoread(39)
thingsdifferentlyaccordingtotheirworth.Inthe(40) ofgoodbooks,thepointisnottoseehowmanyofthem
canyougetthrough,(41) howmanycanyougetthroughthem—howmanyyoucan(42) your
own.Afewfriendsare(43) thanathousandacquaintances.Ifthisbeyourgoal,(44) itshouldbe,
youwillnotbeimpatientifittakesmoretimeandefforttoreadagreatbookthananewspaper(45) .
Youmayhaveanotherobjectionto(46) books.Youcantlendthemtoyourfriends(47)
nobodyelsecanreadthem(48) beingdistractedbyyournotes.Whatsmore,youwontwanttolend
thembecausea(49) copyisakindofintellectualdiary,and(50) itisalmostlikegivingyour
mindaway.
IfyourfriendhopestoreadyourShakespeare,orTheFederalistPapers,tellhim,gentlybutfirmly,tobuya
copy.Youwilllendhimyourcaroryourcoat—butyourbooksareasmuchapartofyouasyourheadoryourheart.
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THISISTHEENDOFSECTIONⅡ
DONOTREADORWORKONTHENEXTSECTION,UNTIL
YOUARETOLDTOCONTINUE.
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SectionⅢ ReadingComprehension
(50minutes)
PartA
ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour
answersonANSWERSHEET1.
Text1
Genetherapyandgenebaseddrugsaretwowayswecouldbenefitfromourgrowingmasteryofgeneticscience.
Buttherewillbeothersaswell.Hereisoneoftheremarkabletherapiesonthecuttingedgeofgeneticresearchthat
couldmaketheirwayintomainstreammedicineinthecomingyears.
Whileit’struethatjustabouteverycellinthebodyhastheinstructionstomakeacompletehuman,mostof
thoseinstructionsareinactivated,andwithgoodreason:thelastthingyouwantforyourbraincellsistostartchur
ningoutstomachacidoryournosetoturnintoakidney.Theonlytimecellstrulyhavethepotentialtoturnintoany
andallbodypartsisveryearlyinapregnancy,whensocalledstemcellshaven’tbeguntospecialize.
Yetthisuntappedpotentialcouldbeaterrificboontomedicine.Mostdiseasesinvolvethedeathofhealthy
cells—braincellsinAlzheimer’s,cardiaccellsinheartdisease,pancreaticcellsindiabetes,tonameafew;ifdoc
torscouldisolatestemcells,thendirecttheirgrowth,theymightbeabletofurnishpatientswithhealthyreplacement
tissue.
Itwasincrediblydifficult,butlastfallscientistsattheUniversityofWisconsinmanagedtoisolatestemcells
andgetthemtogrowintoneural,gut,muscleandbonecells.Theprocessstillcan’tbecontrolled,andmayhave
unforeseenlimitations;butifeffortstounderstandandmasterstemcelldevelopmentprovesuccessful,doctorswill
haveatherapeutictoolofincrediblepower.
Thesameappliestocloning,whichisreallyjusttheothersideofthecoin.Truecloning,asfirstshownwith
thesheepDollytwoyearsago,involvestakingadevelopedcellandreactivatingthegenomewithin,resettingitsde
velopmentalinstructionstoapristinestate.Oncethathappens,therejuvenatedcellcandevelopintoafullfledged
animal,geneticallyidenticaltoitsparent.
Foragriculture,inwhichpurelyphysicalcharacteristicslikemilkproductioninacoworlowfatinahoghave
realmarketvalue,biologicalcarboncopiescouldbecomeroutinewithinafewyears.Thispastyearscientistshave
doneformiceandcowswhatIanWilmutdidforDolly,andothercreaturesareboundtojointheclonedmenagerie
inthecomingyear.
Humancloning,ontheotherhand,maybetechnicallyfeasiblebutlegallyandemotionallymoredifficult.
Still,onedayitwillhappen.Theabilitytoresetbodycellstoapristine,undevelopedstatecouldgivedoctorsexact
lythesameadvantagestheywouldgetfromstemcells:thepotentialtomakehealthybodytissuesofallsorts,and
thustocuredisease.Thatcouldprovetobeatrue“miraclecure”.
51.Thewriterholdsthatthepotentialtomakehealthybodytissueswill .
[A]aggravatemoralissuesofhumancloning
[B]bringgreatbenefitstohumanbeings
[C]helpscientistsdecodebodyinstructions
[D]involveemployingsurgicalinstruments
52.Theword“rejuvenated”(Para.5)mostprobablymeans .
[A]modified [B]recollected
[C]classified [D]reactivated
53.TheresearchattheUniversityofWisconsinismentionedtoshow .
[A]theisolationofstemcells
[B]theeffectsofgenetherapies
[C]theadvantagesofhumancloning
[D]thelimitationsoftissuereplacements
54.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?
[A]Theprincipleofgenetherapyisapplicabletothatofcloning.
[B]Theisolationofstemcellsistoodifficulttobefeasible.
[C]Itisreasonableforallbodyinstructionstobeactivated.
[D]Clonedanimalswilleventuallytakecontroloftheworld.
55.Towardsthegeneticresearch,theauthor’sattitudecanbestbesaidtobethatof .
[A]frustration [B]indifference
[C]amazement [D]opposition
Text2
Earthquakesurvivorstrappedinrubblecouldonedaybesavedbyanunlikelyrescuer:Aroboticcaterpillarthat
burrowsitswaythroughdebris.Justafewcentimeterswide,therobotreliesonmagneticfieldstopropelitthrough
thekindoftinycrevicesthatwouldfoilthewheeledortrackedsearchrobotscurrentlyusedtolocatepeopletrapped
incollapsedbuildings.
Thecaterpillar’sinventor,NorihikoSagaofAkitaPrefecturalUniversityinJapan,willdemonstratehisnew
methodoflocomotionataconferenceonmagneticmaterialsinSeattle.Inadditiontolightsandcameras,asearch
caterpillarcouldbeequippedwithanarrayofsensorstomeasureotherfactors—suchasradioactivityoroxygenlev
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els—thatcouldtellhumanrescuersifanareaissafetoenter.
Themagneticcaterpillarisamazinglysimple.Itmovesbyaprocesssimilartoperistalsis,therhythmiccontrac
tionthatmovesfooddownyourintestine.Sagamadethecaterpillarfromaseriesofrubbercapsulesfilledwitha
magneticfluidconsistingofironparticles,water,andadetergentlikesurfactant,whichreducesthesurfacetension
ofthefluid.Eachcapsuleislinkedtothenextbyapairofrubberrods.Thecaterpillar’sgutsarewrappedina
clear,flexiblepolymertubethatprotectsitfromtheenvironment.
Tomakethecaterpillarmoveforwards,Sagamovesamagneticfieldbackwardsalongthecaterpillar.Insidethe
caterpillar’s“head”capsule,magneticfluidsurgestowardstheattractivemagneticfield,causingthecapsuleto
bulgeouttothesidesanddrawitsfrontandrearportionsup.Asthemagneticfieldpassestothenextcapsule,the
firstbreaksfreeandspringsforwardandthenextcapsulebunchesup.Inthisway,thecaterpillarcanreachspeedsof
4centimeterspersecondasitcrawlsalong.
Movingthemagneticfieldfastercanmakeittraversethecaterpillarbeforeallthecapsuleshavesprungbackto
theiroriginalshapes.Thesegmentsthenallspringback,almostbutnotquitesimultaneously.
Sagaplanstoautomatethemovementofthecaterpillarbyplacingelectromagnetsatregularintervalsalongthe
insideofitspolymertube.Byphasingthecurrentflowtotheelectromagnets,he’llbeabletocontrolitwirelessly
viaremotecontrol.Healsoneedstofindanewtypeofrubberforthemagneticcapsules,becausetheonehe’susing
attheminuteeventuallybeginstoleak.
Butcrawlingisnotthemostefficientformoflocomotionforrobots,saysRobertFulloftheUniversityofCali
forniaatBerkeley,anexpertinanimalmotionwhooccasionallyadvisesroboticsdesigners.“Ifyoulookattheener
geticcostofcrawling,comparedtowalking,swimmingorflying,crawlingisveryexpensive,”hesays.Walking,
ontheothereverystep,energyisconservedinthefootandthenreleasedtohelpthefootspringup.
Sagaacknowledgesthisinefficiencybutsayshiscaterpillarisfarmorestablethanonethatwalks,rollson
wheelsorflies.Ithasnomovingpartssaveforafewfluidfilledrubbercapsules.Bipedrobotsandwheeledrobots
requireasmoothsurfaceandaredifficulttominiaturize,andflyingrobotshavetoomanymovingparts.“Myperi
stalticcrawlingrobotissimpleanditworks,”hesays.
56.Fromthispassage,wecanlearnthat .
[A]aroboticcaterpillarcancrawlbyapairofrubberrods
[B]whenacaterpillarmoves,themagneticfieldmovesbackwardsalongit
[C]theenvironmentcouldn’tinfluencearoboticcaterpillar’sguts,whicharewrappedinacapsule
[D]crawlingisverystableandefficient,andwhenitmoves,onlyafewelementsareneeded
57.Accordingtothispassage,whichisnottrueabouttheconstructionoftheroboticcaterpillar?
[A]Aroboticcaterpillarismadefromaseriesofrubbercapsulesfilledwithamagneticfluid.
[B]Ironparticles,water,andadetergentlikesurfactantformamagneticfluid.
[C]Eachcapsulefilledwithamagneticfluidislinkedtoapairofrubberrods.
[D]Inordertokeepstablecondition,thecaterpillar’sgutsarewrappedinaclear,flexiblepolymertube.
58.Themeaningoftheword“peristalsis”inParagraph3issimilarto .
[A]swimming [B]flying
[C]crawling [D]walking
59.Comparingtheroboticcaterpillarandtheotherrobots,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?
[A]Asmoothsurfaceisindispensabletobipedrobotsandwheeledrobots.
[B]Flyingrobotsareveryinconvenientwhenmoving,becausetheyhavetoomanymovingparts.
[C]Theroboticcaterpillaronlyhasrubbercapsulesfilledwithamagneticfluid.
[D]It’sincapableforwheeledrobotstolocatetrappedpeoplebecausetheyareimpossibletominiaturize.
60.Thepassageismainlyabout .
[A]whyaroboticcaterpillarcanfindtrappedpeople
[B]howaroboticcaterpillarworks
[C]theinstructionofthemagneticcaterpillar
[D]howaroboticcaterpillarcrawls
Text3
Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?SinceOPECagreedtosupplycutsinMarch,
thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.Thisneartripling
ofoilpricescallsupscarymemoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled,and1979-80,whentheyalso
almosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindoubledigitinflationandglobaleconomicdecline.Sowherearethe
headlineswarningofgloomanddoomthistime?
TheoilpricewasgivenanotherpushupthisweekwhenIraqsuspendedoilexports.Strengtheningeconomic
growth,atthesametimeaswintergripsthenorthernhemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm.
Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobelessseverethaninthe1970s.In
mostcountriesthecostofcrudeoilnowaccountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthanitdidinthe1970s.In
Europe,taxesaccountforuptofourfifthsoftheretailprice,soevenquitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehavea
moremutedeffectonpumppricesthaninthepast.
Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere,andsolesssensitivetoswingsintheoilprice.
Energyconservation,ashifttootherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energyintensiveindustrieshas
reducedoilconsumption.Software,consultancyandmobiletelephonesusefarlessoilthansteelorcarproduction.
ForeachdollarofGDP(inconstantprices)richeconomiesnowusenearly50% lessoilthanin1973.TheOECD
estimatesinitslatestEconomicOutlookthat,itsoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith
$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25-0.5% ofGDP.Thatisless
thanonequarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.Ontheotherhand,oilimportingemergingeconomies—to
whichheavyindustryhasshifted—havebecomemoreenergyintensive,andsocouldbemoreseriouslysqueezed.
Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoc
curredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommoditypriceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.Asizableportionof
theworldisonlyjustemergingfromeconomicdecline.TheEconomist’scommoditypriceindexisbroadlyunchang
ingfromayearago.In1973commoditypricesjumpedby70% andin1979byalmost30%.
61.Themainreasonforthelatestriseofoilpriceis .
[A]globalinflation
[B]reductioninsupply
[C]fastgrowthineconomy
[D]Iraq’ssuspensionofexports
62.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheretailpriceofpetrolwillgoupdramaticallyif .
[A]priceofcruderises
[B]commoditypricesrise
[C]consumptionrises
[D]oiltaxesrise
63.TheestimatesinEconomicOutlookshowthatinrichcountries .
[A]heavyindustrybecomesmoreenergyintensive
[B]incomelossmainlyresultsfromfluctuatingcrudeoilprices
[C]manufacturingindustryhasbeenseriouslysqueezed
[D]oilpricechangeshavenosignificantimpactonGDP
64.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat .
[A]oilpriceshocksarelessshockingnow
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[B]inflationseemsirrelevanttooilpriceshocks
[C]energyconservationcankeepdowntheoilprices
[D]thepriceriseofcrudeleadstotheshrinkingofheavyindustry
65.Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems .
[A]optimistic [B]sensitive
[C]gloomy [D]scared
PartB
Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66~70,choosethemostsuitable
paragraphfromthelistA~Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinany
ofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.
Forachild,happinesshasamagicalnature.Iremembermakinghideoutsinnewlycuthay,playingcopsand
robbersinthewoods,gettingaspeakingpartintheschoolplay.Ofcourse,kidsalsoexperiencelows,buttheirdelight
atsuchpeaksofpleasureaswinningaraceorgettinganewbikeisunreserved.
Intheteenageyearstheconceptofhappinesschanges.Suddenlyitsconditionalonsuchthingsasexcitement,
love,popularityandwhetherthatzitwillclearupbeforenight.Icanstillfeeltheagonyofnotbeinginvitedtoaparty
thatalmosteveryoneelsewasgoingto.ButIalsorecalltheecstasyofbeingpluckedfromobscurityatanotherevent
todancewithaJohnTravoltalookalike.
66.
Mydictionarydefineshappyas“lucky”or“fortunate”,butIthinkabetterdefinitionofhappinessis“thecapaci
tyforenjoyment”.Themorewecanappreciatewhatwehave,thehappierweare.Itseasytooverlookthepleasure
wegetfromlovingandbeingloved,thecompanyoffriends,thefreedomtolivewhereweplease,evengoodhealth.
67.
Later,peacedescendedagain,andmyhusbandandIenjoyedanotherpleasure—intimacy.Sometimesjustthe
knowledgethathewantscanbringmejoy.
Youneverknowwherehappinesswillturnupnext.WhenIaskedfriendswhatmadethemhappy,somemen
tionedapparentlyinsignificantmoments.“Ihateshopping,”onefriendsaid,“buttheresaclerkwhoalwayschats
andreallycheersmeup.”
68.
Igetathrillfromdriving.OnedayIstoppedtolettheschoolbusturnontoasideroad.Thedrivergrinnedand
gavemeathumbsupsign.Weweretwoalliesintheworldofmadmotorists.Itmademesmile.
69.
Psychologiststellusthattobehappyweneedamixtureofenjoyableleisuretimeandsatisfyingwork.Idoubt
thatmygreatgrandmother,whoraised14childrenandtookinwashing,hadnoneofeither.Shedidhaveanetworkof
closefriendsandfamilies,andmaybethisiswhatfulfilledher.Ifshewascontentwithwhatshehad,perhapsitwas
becauseshedidntexpectlifetobeverydifferent.