反应工程复习

填空1 Chapter2： 1四种中间体Free Radicals Ions and Polar Substances Molecules. Transition Complexe Chapter3 the main problem of reactor design.：How best to treat these factors 。 Chapter4 2 reactor design –考虑：size ， type of reactor method of oper 3 Equipment in which homogeneous reactions are effected can be one of three general types; the batch, the steady-state flow, and the unsteady-state flow or semibatch reactor. 4符号与反应的关系： the symbols(符号) commonly used to tell what is happening in the batch and flow reactors Chapter5 5 The necessary and sufficient condition for plug flow：is for the residence time in the reactor to be the same for all elements of fluid. 6 the value for space-velocity or space-time depends on the conditions selected 名词解释： Chapter1 Chemical reaction engineering(化学反应 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 定义) ：is that engineering activity concerned with the exploitation of chemical reactions on a commercial scale 1：performance equation Much of this book deals with finding the expression to relate input to output for various kinetics and various contactings, or output=f [input, kinetics, contacting] This is called the performance equation 2：homogeneous reaction（均相反应）：A reaction is homogeneous if it takes place in one phase alone. 3：heterogeneous reaction（非均相反应）：A reaction is heterogeneous if it requires the presence of at least two phases to proceed at the rate that it does. Chapter2 1 Single reaction: when a single stoichiometric equation and single rate equation are chosen to represent the progress of the reaction. 2 Multiple reactions: when more than one stoichiometric equation is chosen to represent the observed changes, then more than one kinetic expression is needed to follow the changing composition of all the reaction components. 3 elementary reactions : Such reactions in which the rate equation corresponds to a stoichiometric equation are called elementary reactions. 4:nonelementary reactions: When there is no direct correspondence between stoichiometry and rate, then we have nonelementary reactions 5：Arrhenius’ law： Where k0 is called the frequency or pre-exponential factor and E is called the activation energy of the reaction At the same concentration, but at two different temperatures, Arrhenius’ law indicates that Chapter3： 6 The conversion：the conversion of A, with symbol XA, say A converted to something else, or the fraction of A reacted away. 7 ：autocatalytic reaction（自催化反应）：A reaction in which one of the products of reaction acts as a catalyst is called an autocatalytic reaction Chapter5 8plug flow reactor：PFR：The first of the two ideal steady-state flow reactors is variously known as the plug flow. Slug flow, piston flow, ideal tubular, and unmixed flow reactor。We refer to it as the plug flow reactor Chapter6: 9：batch reactor 优缺点：the advantage of small instrumentation cost and flexibility of operation (may be shut down easily and quickly). It has the disadvantage of high labor and handling cost, often considerable shutdown time to empty, clean out, and refill, and poorer quality control of the product. 简答 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 or综述题： Chapter1 1：有关performance equation（性能方程）的作用：Because with this expression we can compare different designs and conditions, find which is best, and then scale up to larger units. 2：有关Chemical reaction engineering(化学反应工程)目的 ：Its goal is the successful design and operation of chemical reactors, and probably more than any other activity it sets chemical engineering apart as a distinct branch of the engineering profession Chapter2 3 : The reason for observing only a single reaction rather than two or more elementary reactions is that the amout of intermediates formed is negligibly small and, therefore, escapes detection 4: Multiple reactions分类： Multiple reactions may be classified as : 5：Nonelementary reactions are explained by assuming that what we observe as a single reaction is in reality the overall effect of a sequence of elementary reactions. The reason for observing only a single reaction rather than two or more elementary reactions is that the amout of intermediates formed is negligibly small and, therefore, escapes detection. We take up these explanations later Chapter3: 6: analyzing kinetic data: the integral（积分） and the differential（微分） methods the integral method : we guess a particular form of rate equation and, after appropriate integration and mathematical manipulation predict that the plot of a certain concentration function versus time should yield a straight line. The data are plotted, and if a reasonably good straight line is obtained, then the rate equation is said to satisfactorily fit the data. Advantages: The integral method is easy to use and is recommended when testing specific mechanisms, or relatively simple rate expressions, or when the data are so scattered that we cannot reliably find the derivatives needed in the differential method. disadvantages The integral method can only test this or that particular mechanism or rate form The differential method: we test the fit of the rate expression to the data directly and without any integration. However, since the rate expression is a differential equation, we must first find (1/V)(dN/dt) from the data before attempting the fitting procedure Advantages: the differential method can be used to develop or build up a rate equation to fit the data. disadvantages : The differential method is useful in more complicated situations but requires accurate or larger amounts of data. 一般 流程 快递问题件怎么处理流程河南自建厂房流程下载关于规范招聘需求审批流程制作流程表下载邮件下载流程设计 ：In general, it is suggested that integral analysis be attempted first, and, if not successful, that the differential method be tried 7：Intergral Mehod of Analysis of Data for First-Order Reactions： （1） Consider the reaction （2） Suppose we wish to test the first-order rate equation of the following type , （3） for this reaction. Separating and integrating we obtain Second-Order Reactions Chapter3 K=K0e-E/RT In terms of conversion (see Eqs.7 and 8), the rate equation, Eq. 10 become Which on rearranging and integrating gives or Irreversible Bimolecular-Type Second-Order Reactions .Consider the reaction With corresponding rate equation Noting that the amounts of A and B that have reacted at any time t are equal and given by CA0XA, we may write Eqs. 13a and b in terms of XA as Letting M=CB0/CA0 be the initial molar ratio of reactants, we obtain